tolerance of the rasool essay

Tolerance and Forgiveness in the Life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)

The last Prophet of Islam, Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) is the perfect embodiment of great human qualities. As mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, the life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is a perfect example for us.

Among other a great many qualities, ‘Tolerance and Forgiveness’ are those upon which Islam has largely insisted. These human attributes are at first hard to inculcate, but once inculcated; they would make society peaceful and the world an ideal place to live in. It would be very apt to mention that only courageous and strong people own these qualities.

Throughout his life, the Prophet PBUH has depicted these qualities through his actions and speech. It was on the observance of such qualities that a large number of non-believers embraced Islam.

Examples of Tolerance and Forgiveness in the Life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)

When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) started preaching Islam, a large number of disbelievers became his enemies. Therefore, the Prophet (PBUH) had to face many hardships. It was because of his great patience and tolerance that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) not only endured their harsh treatment but also prayed for their guidance in return.

In his early years of preaching, when the Prophet (PBUH) invited the people of Taif to Islam, he (PBUH) was subjected to stone-pelting and an unbearable response by the people of Taif. The angel Jibrael (A.S) appeared on the spot and demanded to order the destruction of those people and he would turn the mountains over them. To his infinite patience, tolerance, and forgiveness, in lieu of revenge, he chose to pray from Allah for their guidance.

Moreover, the non-believers of Makkah used to throw trash and garbage on the doorsteps of the Prophet (PBUH), he (PBUH) stood for all that treatment meted out to Him with great patience and tolerance and stayed consistent in preaching Islam.

As narrated by Ibn Sa’d in his work on history, al-Tabaqat that Through ‘Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was reported to have said,

“I was [living, in Mecca] between the two worst neighbors [one could have]: between Abu Lahab [his uncle and sworn enemy] and ‘Uqbah ibn Abi M’uayt [who once threw a sheep’s insides on his blessed head, peace be upon him, while he was praying]. Indeed, they would come with bloodied intestines and throw it on my doorstep…”

It is also reported about the wife of Abu Lahab, namely ‘Umm Jamil’ who would place thorny branches overnight in the path where the Prophet PBUH would walk. Still, many such incidents have gone unreported.

Once, there was some matter of payment, and a person asked the Prophet (PBUH) to wait for him at the place while he would just go and return from home. That person, later on, forgot and didn’t return, while the Prophet (PBUH) kept waiting for him there for almost three days. When he remembered the commitment, the person came back and found the Prophet (PBUH) there waiting for him. This one incident fully elucidates the level of patience and tolerance that our Prophet (PBUH) has practiced in his life.

When Makkah was conquered, non-believers feared that as Muslims were in a dominant position of authority, they would take revenge on them. But, on that day, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) declared amnesty for everyone. He ordered his army to fight only those who would rise in their opposition. He had forgiven all the bloodshed of the past.

Concluding Thoughts

To conclude, whatever Allah has commanded in the Quran for our guidance, the Holy Prophet has practiced that throughout his life to make his Ummah understand the Quranic injunctions. Allah Himself is the most merciful and commanded us to practice tolerance and forgiveness in our daily affairs.

Alas! We have completely ignored the golden codes of life given by Islam. Thus, the whole Muslim Ummah is cleaved today, giving way to hatred and prejudice for other sects.

At present, it is due to a lack of tolerance for each other’s diverging beliefs that the whole Muslim world is divided and scattered. That is the reason why in spite of being the followers of true religion, Muslims are lagging far behind the rest of the world, i.e. non-believers, in many fields.

Today, Muslims are being labeled as terrorists for fighting against each other. Moreover, they are being persecuted in many regions of the world. But, the required collective response from the Muslim world which is the need of the hour, is altogether missing.

The incidents of the Shia-Sunni rift and violence speak volumes of intolerance among Muslims. While our Prophet (PBUH) has even remained tolerant and forgiving to non-believers, today Muslims can’t even tolerate the diverging opinions and beliefs of their fellow Muslims.

Furthermore, where Quran clearly teaches tolerance towards non-Muslims as in the following ayat, the incidents of persecution of minorities and forced conversions are common.

“For you is your religion, and for me is my religion.” Quran 109:6

It is a dire need of the hour that instead of spreading hatred against other sects, religious scholars must promote tolerance and forgiveness, which is the real message of Islam. The life of the Prophet (PBUH) which is the perfect embodiment of love and tolerance must be taught to the young generation. Instead of being vindictive, we must practice forgiveness, for the sake of Allah whose bounties are infinite.

Once the Prophet (PBUH) was asked, “What is Eemaan (belief/faith)?” He (SAW) replied: “Eemaan (faith) is patience and tolerance.”

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Discovering Islam
About Muhammad

Prophet Muhammad: Master of Tolerance

God has always chosen prophets with the best of characters, morals and spirits.

Since God is All-Knowing, All-Wise, and has ordained human’s destiny before their birth, it is feasible to think that He has already chosen His Prophets before even their entrance to the world.

Prophet Muhammad was not an exception. God bestowed on him the best of characters, one of which was his exceptional tolerance which is manifested in his life and teachings:

And verily, you (O Muhammad) are on an exalted (standard of) character . (Quran 68: 4 )

We will examine some examples of his tolerance at the advent of Islam and during its expansion process. In the next article, we will examine his treatment of non-Muslims.

Prophet Muhammad: A Man of Charisma

During the first thirteen years of his life in Makkah, he and his followers faced much persecution . Muslims were not ordered by God to fight back due to the fact that they had no military strength yet due to the small following which gradually increased.

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It was only in Madinah when his following and military power rapidly grew that fighting to protect themselves and the new religion was allowed.

When the Prophet’s opponents greatly increased their persecution, his companions asked him to curse them. At this, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) replied:

I have not been sent to lay a curse upon men but to be a blessing to them.” (Muslim)

His opponents continued to treat him and his companions unjustly and cruelly, but he always prayed for them.

He once decided to personally visit the village of Ta’if , to the east of Makkah, to invite its inhabitants to Islam. The people rejected him, stoned him, ejected him, and made him to bleed. Angel Gabriel came to him and said:

“Allah has heard what your people say to you and how they reject you. He has ordered the angels of the mountains to obey whatever you tell them to do.”

The angel of the mountains called him, greeted him and said:

“Send me to do what you wish. If you wish, I will crush them between the two mountains of Makkah.”

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:

Rather, I hope that Allah will bring forth from their loins those who will worship Allah alone and not associate anything with Him.” (Al-Bukhari)

In the early Makkan period when the enemies of the new religion far exceeded the Prophet’s companions in number, it often happened that when the Prophet would stand to pray, his foes would come near him and whistle and clap in order to disturb him, but the Prophet would not even once show his anger at such acts. He always opted for the policy of tolerance and avoidance of confrontation.

In one instance when the Prophet was praying at the Ka’bah while his enemies were watching his every move and action, one of his adversaries put on his back the intestine of a slaughtered camel during his prostration. The Prophet Muhammad did not react and stayed in that position. His daughter, Fatimah , rushed to take the filth off his back and cleaned him up.

The Prophet's Perfect Tolerance Towards Other Faiths

Later, when Prophet Muhammad and many of his companions migrated to Madinah, again his great character in dealing with his companions and enemies was further manifested.

In Madinah, the Muslims were in the process of establishing the new Islamic state . Yet, their enemies in Makkah did not spare much time to wage war against them and pursue them even in Madinah.

In the battle of Uhud, when his Makkan enemies attacked the Muslims, Prophet Muhammad suffered head injury and his front teeth got smashed. When the blood started to seep from his head, he swabbed it saying:

“If a drop of my blood fell on the earth, those infidels will be destroyed by Allah.”

Umar told him,

“O Messenger of Allah, Curse them!”

The prophet replied:

I wasn’t sent (by Allah) to curse. I was sent as a mercy.

Then he said:

O Allah, Guide my people! (Authenticated by Al-Albani)

God confirms his blessed character by saying:

And We have not sent you forth but as a mercy to mankind. (Quran 21:107 )

The Prophet Muhammad once said:

A true believer is one with whom others feel secure.” (Al-Bukhari)

He manifested these words with action and was not fast to revenge or rebuke a wrong doer.

A Bedouin once entered the mosque and started to urinate in it. Mosques at that time had no walls and carpeted floors and the ceilings were palm leaves held up by palm stems. The people ran to (prevent and restrain) him. The Prophet Muhammad said:

Do not interrupt his urination (i.e. let him finish). Then the Prophet asked for a pitcher of water to be poured over the place of urine. (Al-Bukhari)

One of Jesus’ famous saying is:

Love your neighbor like yourself.”

Prophet Muhammad complimented this by saying:

By God, he is not a believer, by God, he is not a believer, by God, he is not a believer, with whom his neighbors are not secure.” (Al-Bukhari)

This includes tolerance for actions they may do that is not pleasing to one.

Tolerance Towards His Enemies

4 trials that made prophet muhammad stronger.

It is reported that one of the Prophet’s neighbors was a Jew who hated the Prophet. Each day he would throw trash on his way. The prophet Muhammad never rebuked him.

One day, the Jew did not show up. The Prophet asked about him, and was told that he was sick. So, he went to visit him and inquire about his health with kindness. Upon seeing this, the Jew embraced Islam.

The enmity of his worst enemy toward his most beloved was also met with awesome goodness.

Hamza was among the Prophet’s most beloved uncles. During one of the battles, Hend, the wife of Abu Sufyan, the arch enemy of the Prophet, had ordered her slave to find Hamza and pierce him with his arrow.

Upon seeing him dead, she rushed to his body and cut out his liver and started chewing on it while filled with rage.

Upon the conquest of Makkah, the Prophet did not seek revenge on her and accepted her and her husband as new converts and gave them full protection.

Anas ibn Malik, who served the Prophet for ten years, said that the Prophet never rebuked him:

When I did something, he never questioned my manner of doing it; and when I did not do something, he never questioned my failure to do it. He was the most good-natured of all men.” (Al-Bukhari)

Such manners of tolerance gained him the respect even of his enemies, and his followers stood by him through all kinds of hardship and misfortune.

Although his worse enemies were the Makkan Arabs at the beginning, but in Madinah, the Jews did not spare any effort to conspire against him, even after treaties were signed with them. However, he tried to be as fair with them as possible and only waged war against them when they broke treaties which caused much loss of life of Muslims.

Once, when the Prophet was sitting at a place in Madinah, along with his companions, a funeral procession passed by. On seeing this, the Prophet Muhammad stood up. One of his companions remarked that the funeral was that of a Jew. The Prophet replied:

Was he not a human being?” (Muslim)

Since Prophet Muhammad wished to avoid war at all costs, he strove to bring about a peace agreement between him and the Makkans. After great efforts on his part, the non-Muslims agreed to a ten-year peace treaty, which was drafted and signed at Al-Hudaybiyyah, a place outside Makkah.

During this important meeting, the Makkans insisted on a number of extremely provocative acts. For instance, the agreement mentioned the Prophet’s name as “Muhammad the Messenger of Allah.” They insisted to replace by “son of Abdullah.” The Prophet accepted peacefully and deleted the appellation.

Similarly, they made the condition that if they could lay their hands on any Muslim they would make him a hostage, but if the Muslims succeeded in detaining any non-Muslim, they would have to set him free.

The Prophet even relented on this point for establishment of peace in the region. He was clearly setting examples of fairness and tolerance while exposed to injustice and intolerance.

Despite all the concessions Prophet Muhammad made with the Makkans, the later violated the same treaty they signed earlier. It was then that the Prophet finally marched with his huge army to Makkah and without any resistance conquered the city which was once the abode of his worse enemies.

As mentioned earlier, the Prophet and his followers suffered a great deal during their thirteen years of living in Makkah and after their migration to Madinah. His own tribesmen and even family members continue to oppose him in not only in Makkah but rose to fight him in Madinah for over 20 years.

They did not spare any effort to inflict the worse humanly possible hardship on them. In Makkah, it included, torture, sanctions, taking their lives’ belonging, separating family members and slaughtering them where ever they could find them.

With God’s help and his and his companions’ steadfastness in Madinah and upholding the message of Islam, they finally conquered Makkah . Its leaders came to him fearing that he would kill them as all conquerors do. But instead, he said:

Go! You are all free!” (Authenticated by Al-Albani)

Prophet Muhammad’s mercy and tolerance did not exclude his worse enemies. Such tolerance awed his enemies who were now the newly converted Muslims. The end result is a clear history that is registered to this day. Message of Islam spread across the world, to include on fifth of the global population.

These are only a few among many examples of the Prophet’s tolerance and noble character . Aisha, the wife of the Prophet was asked regarding the character of the Prophet (peace be upon him). She said very simply, that:

The character of the Prophet was the Quran.” (Muslim)

Love for Others What You Love for Yourself

Clearly, the Prophet molded his own life in accordance with the ideal pattern of life that he presented to others in the form of the Quran revealed to him by God. He never beat a servant, or a woman, or anyone else. He did, of course, fight for what was right. When he had to choose between two alternatives, he would take the easier course, provided it involved no sin.

No one was more careful to avoid sin than he. He never sought revenge on his own sake for any wrong done to him personally. He was tolerant. Only if God’s commandments had been broken would he meet out retribution for the sake of God. It was such conduct which gained the Prophet universal respect.

Scholars further explain about the Quran being his character:

“What this means is that he followed its etiquette and adopted its attitude. Whatever was praised in the Quran, he was pleased with, and whatever was condemned in the Quran he hated. It says in one report that Aisha said:

His attitude was the Quran, whatever it was pleased with he was pleased with and whatever it hated he hated. (Ibn rajab in Jaami’ al-‘Uloom wa’l-Hukam (1/148))

One may say, since he was the last Prophet and messenger to mankind, no other can ever be quite like him. This is true because none shall ever have to shoulder a fraction of the responsibilities he had to bear.

However, we, as his followers, have the easy part which is to seek and adopt his gentle qualities and high moral standards into daily practice; for the Prophet’s life was divinely chosen to function as a practical manual of how one should better himself.

Prophet Muhammad’s character and qualities are not only for the Muslims to follow, but the sincere seekers who learn about him, praise his noble character and wish to follow it.

Goethe, a famous German writer, artist, and politician of the 1800s, marveled over the achievements and status of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) saying:

“We Europeans with all our concepts and ideas have not yet attained that which Muhammad attained, and no one will ever surpass him.

I searched in history for the loftiest example for man to follow, and I found it in the Prophet Muhammad. Thus the truth must prevail and become supreme, because Muhammad succeeded in subjugating the whole world by means of the message of Divine Oneness.”

(From Discovering Islam’s archive)

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The Holy Prophet(saw)’s Kindness

The Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) is a unique person in the history of the creation of this earth. None like him was born before him and none like him will ever be born again.

Muslims from all walks of life and from all corners of the world, young and old, educated and uneducated, rich and poor, divided by geography, race and language, are all united in their reverence and devotion to the Holy Prophet (saw) , to the religion of Islam and the Holy Qur’an.

What was so special, extraordinary and unique about the Holy Prophet (saw) that he should have been chosen by God as a supreme example to guide mankind to ideals of happiness and perfection?

Whatever aspect of life we look at or whichever dimension of the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) we try to explore, we find strength and nobility of character and serenity or inner-calm, which comes with communion with God in the fullest sense. Nobility, generosity and magnanimity of the Holy Prophet (saw) shows itself most of all in charity and kindness to all men and more generally to all beings. There was no narrowness or pettiness in the soul of the Holy Prophet (saw) and no limitation in giving of himself to others. His blessed life is full of examples that have kept generations of Muslims inspired.

Of many, I will illustrate only one instance in the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) to prove his care and generosity towards his fellow-beings.

When the Quraish (dominant tribe in Makkah at the time) doubled and redoubled their injuries to the Holy Prophet (saw) and his followers, he undertook a trip, alone, to the city of Ta’if where after calling them to Islam he sought the support of the tribe of Thaqif . His words to worship One God caused a storm of anger. They drove him from the city and the rabble and slaves followed him, hooting and pelting him with stones until the evening.

Wounded and footsore, bleeding and weary, the Holy Prophet (saw) took shelter under the shades of some palm trees.

Imagine the plight of a person who has been persecuted all day, famished, hungry, thirsty and unprotected, sitting exposed under a palm tree. Did he seek revenge? Did he pray to Allah to destroy the city of Ta’if?

He did none of these things. Instead, the Holy Prophet (saw) raised his hands towards heaven and cried out:

“O Lord, I make my complaint to Thee out of my feebleness. I am insignificant in the eyes of men. O Thou Most Merciful! Lord of the weak! Thou art my Lord! Do not forsake me! Leave me not a prey to strangers nor to my enemies! If Thou art not offended, I am safe. I seek refuge in the Light of Thy countenance, by which all darkness is dispelled and peace comes here and hereafter. Let not Thy anger descend on me! Solve my problems as it pleases Thee. There is no power, no help but in Thee.”

Nothing can show more vividly the generosity, love for mankind and absolute faith in Allah the Almighty that the Holy Prophet (saw) possessed than this incident. As long as Allah the Almighty is not offended, the Holy Prophet (saw) was happy to suffer any indignity to convey the message with which he was entrusted. William Muir is forced to comment:

‘There is something lofty and heroic in this journey of Muhammad to Ta’if: a solitary man, despised and rejected by his own people, going boldly forth in the name of God, like Jonah to Nineveh and summoning an idolatrous city to repent. It sheds a strong light on the intensity of his belief in the divine origin of his mission.’ ( Life of Mahomet, Sir William Muir , pp . 112-113)

Another incident, in total contrast to the Ta’if incident, in the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) that shows his nobility, generosity and beneficent attitude to human beings is the triumphant entry into Makkah, which in a sense, highlights his earthly career. There he was – at the moment of supreme triumph, when the very people who had caused him untold hardship and trials for many years, who had forced him to fight wars were all subdued and at the mercy of one command from him. Instead of thinking of revenge, which was certainly his due, he forgave them all.

Karen Armstrong, commenting on the final triumph, says:

‘After the declaration of General Amnesty, nobody was made to accept Islam by force, nor do they seem to have been under any pressure to do so. Muhammad did not want to coerce the people but to effect a reconciliation.’

The Holy Prophet (saw) ’s behaviour and his vision of a balanced and harmonious life on earth is based on the integration of the temporal and spiritual dimension of one’s life, human reality and relationship with God Almighty.

Indeed, for every occasion, for every circumstance in the life of a Muslim, there is a precedent in the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) from which knowledge and inspiration can be drawn.

The Holy Qur’an is the vast world of creation in which a Muslim lives and the Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) is the interpreter par excellence of that Divine message. That is why all Muslims, all over the world, look up to the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) of Islam to follow his example.

When we look at the history and circumstances of the time of the advent of the Holy Prophet (saw) , we see Arabia and the rest of the world around steeped in corruption and the forces of falsehood were in ascendancy. There was nothing but the forces of disruption and disequilibrium surrounding the world. As the Holy Qur’an sums up the situation:

‘Corruption had appeared on land and sea because of what men’s hands have wrought, that He may make them taste the fruit of some of their doings, so that they may turn back from evil .’ (Ch.30:V.42)

The verse explains that when darkness covers the face of the earth and man forgets God and surrenders to the gods of his own conception, then God raises a Prophet to guide them to the true path.

It was under such circumstances that the Holy Prophet (saw) of Islam was raised. The purpose of his advent as given in the Holy Qur’an is:

…He enjoins on them good and forbids evil and makes lawful for them good things and forbids them the bad things and removes from them their burdens and shackles that were upon them… (Ch.7:V.158)

Such were the circumstances of the time. The Holy Prophet (saw) of Islam broke the chains and shackles that had enslaved humanity and removed the burden under which the humanity was being crushed.

He achieved that revolution with his prophecy and personal example; and humanity was able to raise its head once again with pride.

The Promised Messiah (as) , the true and devoted servant of the Holy Prophet (saw) describes it as:

‘The time when the Holy Prophet was raised was such that it was crying out for a Divine Reformer and a Guide from Heaven with a grand design; and the teachings that he brought were full of verity and contained everything that was needed at that time. …… The ultimate purpose of prophethood is the salvation and freedom of humanity. It was accomplished by him so perfectly that no other prophet had been able to achieve before in his time.’ ( Baraheen-e-Ahmadiyya , pp.112-114)

History tells us that before the advent of the Holy Prophet (saw) , women were treated as chattel and in some tribes, newly-born girls were buried alive. Like slaves, women were treated as inferior species that had no legal existence. In such a primitive world, what the Holy Prophet (saw) achieved was remarkable. The very idea that a woman could act as a witness or could inherit anything at all in her own rights, was unthinkable.

We must remember that in Christian Europe, women had to wait until the 19th century before they had anything similar; even then, the law remained heavily favourable towards men. Western feminists have often denounced Islam with regards to the rights of women. They should perhaps look at the Christian traditions that are extremely negative to women.

If Muslim women today reject some of the so-called freedoms that the West offers them, it is not due to any obstinacy but because the Western view of women and relationship between sexes is confused. While preaching equality and liberation, Western society, at the same time, exploits and degrades women in advertising, pornography and popular entertainment in a way that Muslims find offensive.

The Holy Qur’an and Islam give a much more positive picture of the relationship between the sexes, showing men and women sharing the duties and privileges of Islam side by side in an egalitarian society. The Hoy Qur’an declares:

Surely men who submit them-selves to God and women who submit themselves to Him , and believing men and believing women, and obedient men and obedient women and truthful men and truthful women, and men steadfast in their faith and steadfast women, and men who are humble and women who are humble, and men who give alms and women who give alms, and men who fast and women who fast, and men who guard their chastity and women who guard their chastity , and men who remember Allah much and women who remember Him – Allah has prepared for all of them forgiveness and a great reward. (Ch.33:V.36)

This subject is vast and deserves a separate treatment. Let me conclude with a Tradition of the Holy Prophet (saw) . Whenever the Holy Prophet (saw) was to be absent from Madinah, he used to tell Muslims that they should consult Hadhrat ‘A’ishah (ra) if they had any religious problem. After his demise, Hadhrat ‘A’ishah (ra) was an important authority about the Holy Prophet (saw) ’s life and religious practice.

Now I come to the subject of slavery: slavery is an abominable and repulsive system of social inequality in which some people are treated as an item of property belonging to other individuals or social groups. Slavery has existed in human history from antiquity and people have exploited other people or nations for their own gains.

Reading modern history, we only find the mention of the banning of importing slaves in 1807 by the British and the abolition of the institution of slavery in 1833. The historians conveniently forget that the only historical figure who stood up against this practice was none other than the Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw) .

The Qur’an and the Traditions of the Holy Prophet (saw) advise kindness towards slaves and humane treatment and encourage setting them free. The Holy Prophet (saw) himself had a slave called Salman (ra) whom he immediately freed and made him a member of his family. The Holy Prophet (saw) exhorted the believers:

“And as to your slaves, see that ye feed them as ye feed yourselves and clothe them as you clothe yourselves.”

The Holy Prophet (saw) , advised all his followers to free the slaves and suggested that there was not an act more acceptable to God than freeing the slaves. He ordered that slaves should be allowed to purchase their liberty with the wages of their services. The whole tenor of the teachings of the Holy Prophet (saw) made permanent possession of slaves or a caste system impossible. Indeed it is simply an abuse of words to use slavery in English sense to any status known in Islam.

What can be more important than the last words of a dying person? Hadhrat ‘Ali (ra) and Hadhrat Anas (ra) narrate that the last word that they heard from the lips of the Holy Prophet (saw) were, “O Muslims, never ever forget my teachings about Salat [Prayer] and about slaves.”

When these words were said, his wives, daughter and her children, indeed the whole family and his Companions were around him. This was going to be his advice to his people. He did not think of his family. The only thing that worried him in the last breaths of his life was the plight of the slaves and their treatment.

When we look at the Arabian tribal life of the time of our beloved Prophet (saw) , we find that there was no central authority. Every tribal chief was responsible for the protection of his tribal members and had to be prepared to avenge each and every injury. Blood-feuds or vendettas were common. Life was cheap and killing per se was not considered immoral. Robbery was not considered immoral unless you stole goods from your own kinsmen.

This was a savage and brutal society in which only the strong would survive and weak were either eliminated or exploited. Infanticide was a normal way of population control. Indeed, women, like slaves, had no human or legal rights. Although property was sometimes inherited by women, men married them to take away their legal inheritance.

When the Arabs of that period fought their battles, they made no distinction between combatants and non-combatants, women and children or old and disabled.

In such a savage and unregulated society, our beloved Prophet (saw) stands out as a refreshing example of the protector of the weak and laid down the rules of combat.

Ibn Hisham states that the Holy Prophet (saw) , the beneficiary for mankind, sent out an expedition to face a Bedouin tribe that had occupied Madinite territories with the historical and memorable words, “In no case shall you use deceit, nor shall you kill any child.” When dispatching his troops against the Byzantines, the Holy Prophet (saw) instructed them:

Never injure the weak in avenging the injuries inflicted upon us.
Do not molest the harmless inmates of domestic seclusion or people devoted to any religion.
Spare the women, children and old people.
Do not injure the infants at the breast, or those who are ill in bed.
Abstain from demolishing the dwellings of the unresisting inhabitants.
Do not destroy their means of subsistence, nor their fruit trees and touch not the palm tree.
No animal should be killed.
Do not disfigure your enemy by cutting off their nose, ears or other organs.

The complete list is much longer and more elaborate. It covers the treatment of prisoners of war and their remission. It is important to remember that the above instructions were not a result of any agreement but self-imposed rules to respect the old, the innocent, the disadvantaged, the infirm and respect God’s creatures and preserve the environment.

The Western world first made an international agreement on the conduct of warfare in 1864 and called it Geneva Convention. It was ratified in 1906. But it was not until 1950 and again in 1978 that it was extended to include rights of non-combatants and protection to civilians. The world forgets that it was the humanity of one great man of Arabia, whose every heartbeat, every thought and every action was a mercy for mankind and who gave this Charter to the world 1300 years before the West even thought about it.

As I said in the beginning, our beloved Prophet of Islam (saw) came as a Mercy for mankind and provided protection to the weak and freed humanity that was held under bondage. By his very example, he showed how mutual love, tolerance and understanding can make diverse societies live together.

We only have to look at the life of the Prophet (saw) when he migrated to Madinah after suffering years of persecution in Makkah. Madinite society consisted of Muslims, Jews, pagans and Christians. He entered into an agreement or a treaty known as Meethaq-ul-Madinah. This document has been carefully preserved in the pages of Ibn Hisham. The Covenant of Madinah clearly shows the genius of the Holy Prophet (saw) . In this regard, William Muir called the Holy Prophet (saw) ‘A master-mind, not only of his own age but of all ages.’

The document is long and detailed and needs separate treatment. Suffice to say, that this first document between a heterogeneous society and Muslims gave full and equal rights to non-Muslims.

The above Covenant that the Holy Prophet (saw) had written down fourteen centuries ago established the freedom of faith and opinion, sanctity of human life and property and forbiddance of crime.

It was around the 6th year after Hijrah that the Holy Prophet (saw) granted to the monks of the monastery of Saint Catherine near mount Sinai and to all Christians a Charter which is still known as one of the noblest evidences of enlightened tolerance that the history of mankind can produce. This remarkable document that has been preserved by the historians of Islam, shows a wonderful breadth of liberality. By this, the Holy Prophet (saw) secured for Christians the privileges and immu-nities that they never possessed under the rules of their own kings. The Charter is very detailed but some of the provisions show the merciful nature and the greatness of character of the Holy Prophet (saw) . The Charter enjoins all Muslims to protect the Christians and defend their churches. The Holy Prophet (saw) declared that any Muslim violating or abusing his orders should be regarded as violator of God’s testament, a transgressor of God’s commandment and His faith.

Let those who allege that Islam was spread by force, remember that Islam protected the fundamental rights of all religions and respected and defended them against violence.

The scholars agree that as long as the Muslims followed the above teachings, they ruled over a large part of the world for 1000 years. But when they forgot, their decline started.

Alas! Muslim of today have forgotten the Sunnah of the beloved Prophet (saw) and have started to preach and practise sectarianism thus shattering the unity of the Ummah that the Holy Prophet (saw) strived to put together in his life-time.

It is not possible to give all the details or a comprehensive vision of the kindness to mankind that the Holy Prophet (saw) rendered or deal with the social and spiritual revolution that he brought for humanity. Even in his last Sermon, he was thinking of the Rights of Mankind. In fact his last sermon is a Charter of Human Rights the like of which was adopted by civilised nations in 1948.

The Sermon emphasised to Muslims the regard of others and the regard of life and property, equal rights of men and women and their mutual obligations, the rights of slaves, their equal treatment and their right to freedom, the equality of mankind irrespective of colour, creed or national affiliations. And so it con-tinues to lay down rules and guidance for mankind to live in peace and harmony.

Besides the above reforms, our beloved Prophet Muhammad (saw) was always and at every opportunity thinking of the justice and social welfare of the people. The Bait-ul-Maal , or the public treasury, was meant to help the poor, the disabled and disadvantaged. His followers followed his injunctions faithfully as can be seen from one remark of Hadhrat ‘Umar, the Second Khalifa (ra) (spiritual successor) to the Holy Prophet (saw) . He once said:

“ If I know that a dog on the banks of River Tigris has gone to sleep hungry, then I have been negligent in my duty.”

His emphasis on education that you must seek knowledge even if you have to travel to China, is another guidance that only now the world has started to realise.

His emphasis on social justice and on justice is exemplary and unique. His practice of charity is a model for all of us. He used to give everything away and kept nothing back. After his demise, nothing of value was found in his house.

Indeed, the figure of Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw) as a guide of men in this world and the next and his multiple role of ‘prophet’ and guide of men and ruler of a new social order can only be compared with prophet-kings of the Old Testament, to David (ra) or Solomon (ra) and especially to Abraham (ra) himself.

In the capacity of a prophet, a father and a ruler of a State, he transformed a barbaric and uncivilised society into a disci-plined, tolerant, humanitarian society that went on to leave its mark on the world history and his commandments are still guidance and inspiration for billions of Muslims all over the world. That is why it is absolutely essential for us to follow in his footsteps if we aspire towards spiritual realisation. He indeed was a mercy to mankind!

My rendering will not be complete without expressing the emotions and feelings of the Promised Messiah (as) , the true servant of the Holy Prophet (saw) , for his Master and Guide. He says:

‘O Allah! send down your blessings on Your Prophet and on Your Beloved, The Chief of all Prophets, Superior to all, Best among the Messenger and the Seal of the Prophets, Muhammad (saw) and his people and his Companions and shower Your blessings and peace upon them.’ ( Baraheen-e-Ahmadiyyah , pp.256-265, footnote 11)

The love that the Holy Prophet (saw) gave to humanity and his kindness towards all the creations of Allah, make it obligatory upon all Muslims to feel gratitude and love for him.

Allah and His angels send blessings on the Prophet. O ye who believe, you also should invoke blessings on him and salute him with the salutation of peace. (Ch.33:V.57)

The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam – Final Part
The Devastating Consequences of a Nuclear War and the Critical Need for Absolute Justice

What does Islam say about Prisoners of War?

From The Archives: The Search for “Enlightened Moderation” in Pakistan

The Keys to Peace in a Time of Global Disorder

16 comments, cancel reply.

I like this page and it is full of information of the Holy Prophet(saw). May God Bless you, whoever wrote this.

I love my Holy Prophet(saw) so much and this page is very informative for all of us.

I love the Holy Prophet(saw) and this page’s writer has done Sadqa-e-Jariya.

Mashaallah, well written.

Allahumma salli alaa Muhammadin wa ala aali Muhammadin.

May Allah enable us to be his true followers.

The speech is so wonderful

I am really impressed and this is so good. I know everything about the Holy Prophet(saw) with the help of the above topic. Thanks

MashaAllah, this gave a clear understanding of how the Holy Prophet Muhammad(saw) struggled for the sake of humanity. May Allah guide all humans to follow in Muhammad(saw)’s footsteps.

Thank you, Salaam Alaikum.

Amazing speech MashaAllah

MashaAllah, it is written with the love of the Holy Prophet(saw) in the heart.

Excellent speech. I liked it very much.

This note is amazing! I love it from my heart!

This topic increased my knowledge about the Holy Prophet(saw) and I liked it very much.

SubhanAllah very lovely essay.

Good information and a very well written essay.

I really like this page very much.

Essay on The Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) | My Hero

Essay on the life of hazrat muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم), my hero in history.

In this post, you will find an Essay on the Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH), My Hero in History. You can write the same essay under the title, Essay on the Holy Prophet (PBUH) or Essay on the Life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). This is a simple and easy essay for the students of Class 10 and Class 12. Students of 2nd Year of F.A, FSC, ICS and Icom can get benefit from this essay. Life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) is a role model for every Muslim. In this essay, we will discuss the whole life of Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) in short words. You can practice this essay as a course of your studies. If you are looking for more essays, you can visit English Essays Category .

Essay on The Holy Prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم)

Our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) was born in Makkah in the famous tribe of Quraish. His father, Abdullah died before his birth. So his mother, Amna Bibi looked after him. But she also died when he was only six years old. New, his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib took charge of him, but he did not live long. Finally, his uncle, Abu Talib looked after him and never left him alone in any hardship.

Our Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) married Khadija, a wealthy lady of Makkah when he was twenty-five years old. Hazrat Khadija handed over all her wealth to our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) to spend for good and noble purposes. He helped the poor and needy. When our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) reached the age of forty he was commanded by Allah, the Almighty to preach Islam. Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) started preaching that there is no God but Allah who is the creator of the universe and to whom all human beings would return.

The people of Makkah accepted Islam very slowly. In the beginning, only a few people accepted the new religion. The Makkans indeed became the sworn enemy of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and his follower. They created all sort of troubles for the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) but he stood firm. At last, they planned to kill the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and he was compelled to leave for Medina where he was accorded a warm welcome by his followers. But the infidels did not allow him to live even there in peace. They fought several battles in order to wipe out the followers of Islam. However, Allah granted strength to our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) to defeat them and come out successful in his mission.

After ten years stay in Medinah, the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) came back to Makkah with ten thousand of his followers and conquered Makkah. On the day of his conquest, he could severely punish those who caused so much trouble and planned to kill him, but he excused everybody. After that, the new religion prospered by leaps and bounds.

Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) returned to his Creator at the age of sixty-three. He left for his followers the Holy Quran and the Sunnah.

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Kindness of Beloved Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ

March 01,2018 - Published 6 years ago

Allah عَزَّ وَجَلَّ sent the beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ full of mercy and kindness for all the worlds. As He عَزَّ وَجَلَّ says in Quran:

وَ مَاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ اِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعٰلَمِیْنَ( ۱۰۷)

“And We did not send you (O beloved Prophet) but as a mercy for all the worlds.”

(Al ambiaa, 107)

Therefore all the creation is having benefit of his mercy and kindness.

Kindness for the Believers

Allah عَزَّ وَجَلَّ describes the greatness of his prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ and his kindness for his followers in these words :

لَقَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رَسُوْلٌ مِّنْ اَنْفُسِكُمْ عَزِیْزٌ عَلَیْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِیْصٌ عَلَیْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ رَءُوْفٌ رَّحِیْمٌ( ۱۲۸)

“Indeed there has come to you a Messenger from among yourselves, heavy upon him is your suffering, most concerned is he about your wellbeing, for the Muslims (he is) most kind, most merciful.”

(Al tauba, 128)

Allah عَزَّ وَجَلَّ describes that the sufferings of ummah were heavy upon the prophet and he صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ used to do Dua for his ummah to come on righteous path during day and night. The kindness for ummah can be easily noted by studying following Ahadith:

'Ata' b. Abi Rabah reported that he heard 'Aisha, the wife of the beloved Rasool of Allah, as saying: On any day when there was windstorm or dark cloud (its effects) could be read on the face of the Messenger of Allah صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ and he moved forward and backward (in a state of anxiety); and when it rained, he was delighted and it (the state of restlessness) disappeared. 'A'isha said: I asked him the reason of this anxiety and he said: “I was afraid that it might be a calamity that might fall upon my Ummah, and when he saw rainfall he said: It is the mercy (of Allah).”

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ say I would not stay behind (when) an expedition (for Jihad was being mobilized) if it were going to be too hard upon the believers.

Narrated Aisha رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہَا : Once in the middle of th e night Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ went out and prayed in the mosque and some men prayed with him. The next morning the people spoke about it and so more people gathered and prayed with him (in the second night). They circulated the news in the morning, and so, on the third night the number of people increased greatly. Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ came out and they prayed behind him. On the fourth night the mosque was overwhelmed by the people till it could not accommodate them. Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ came out only for the Fajr prayer and when he finished the prayer, he faced the people and recited "Tashah-hud" (I testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is His Rasool), and then said, "Amma ba'du. Verily your presence (in the mosque at night) was not hidden from me, but I was afraid that this prayer might be made compulsory and you might not be able to carry it out." Similarly there are many other deeds which he did not do continuously only for the fear that these may not become obligatory for his followers. Such as use of Miswak before every prayer and such other good deeds.

Narrated `Aisha رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ : Whenever Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was given the choice of one of two matters he would choose the easier of the two as long as it was not sinful to do so, but if it was sinful, he would not approach it. Allah's Rasool never took revenge over anybody for his own sake but (he did) only when Allah's legal bindings were outraged, in which case he would take revenge for Allah's sake." Jabir bin. Abdullah رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ reported Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ as saying: My example and your example is that of a person who lit the fire and insects and moths began to fall in it and he would be making efforts to take them out, and I am going to hold you back from fire, but you are slipping from my hand.

On the day of judgment people will go to the Prophets for their intercession and all the Prophets will say go to any other. When people will go to the last Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ , he will do intercession of people before Allah Almighty. He will make Dua to Allah عَزَّ وَجَلَّ for the forgiveness of his ummah repeatedly.

Kindness for Disbelievers

The kindness of beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ is described in the Holy Quran in these words:

وَ مَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ لِیُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ اَنْتَ فِیْهِمْؕ-وَ مَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ هُمْ یَسْتَغْفِرُوْنَ( ۳۳)

And it is not befitting to Allah to punish them while you O beloved Prophet (Mohammed) are in their midst; and Allah is not going to punish them while they are seeking forgiveness.

(Al anfaal, 33)

The disbelievers of the ummah of other Prophets were punished and ruined in this world but it is the kindness and mercy of our beloved Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ on disbelievers of his ummah that they will not be punished in this world even till the Day of Judgment. The Holy Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was most kind and he bore the hardships given by disbelievers with patience. The companions asked him to imprecate for disbelievers but he did pray for them as narrated Abu Huraira رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ :

Tufail bin `Amr رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ came to the Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ and said, "The Daus (nation) have perished as they disobeyed and refused to accept Islam. So invoke to Allah against them." But the Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said: "O Allah! Give guidance to the Daus (tribe) and bring them (to Islam)!" Narrated Asma' bint Abu Bakr: My mother came to me during the apparent lifetime of Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ and she was a pagan. I said to Allah's Rasool (seeking his verdict), "My mother has come to me and she desires to receive a reward from me, shall I keep good relations with her?" The Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said, "Yes, keep good relation with her."

Kindness for Women

Before Islam, the women were most humiliated and they were bearing the extreme cruelty of men. The women were like non-living or like animals and they were traded like other material things. The men kept women like their property and they were not given the rights like human being. But on the advent of Islam this behavior was changed. Women are given their proper rights equal to men and they are honored with respect. The beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was most kind with women as he صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said. It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ that:

The Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said: "The best of you is the one who is best to his wife, and I am the best of you to my wives."

He صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ advised his companions to treat them kindly in these words:

Narrated Abu Huraira رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ : Allah’s Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said, "Treat women nicely, for a women is created from a rib, and the most curved portion of the rib is its upper portion, so, if you should try to straighten it, it will break, but if you leave it as it is, it will remain crooked. So treat women nicely." The kindness of Holy Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ for women can be understood by the following Hadith

Narrated `Abdullah bin 'Abi Qatada رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ : My father said, "The Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said, “When I stand for prayer, I intend to prolong it but on hearing the cries of a child, I cut it short, as I dislike troubling the child's mother.”

Kindness for Orphans, Poor and Widows

Holy Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was most kind for orphans and poor. He صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was kind with orphans and widows and also ordered others to be kind with them. Anas رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ narrated that the Messenger of Allah صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said: O 'Aisha! Do not turn away the needy even if with a piece of date. O 'Aisha! Love the needy and be near them, for indeed Allah will make you near on the Day of Judgment."

Kindness for Kids

Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was very kind to the children. People brought their children for Duas to him and he صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ took them into his blessed lap. Narrated Um Qais bint Mihsin رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ : I brought my young son, who had not started eating (ordinary food) to Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ who took him and made him sit in his lap. The child urinated on the garment of the Prophet, so he asked for water and poured it over the soiled (area) and did not wash it. The Holy Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ loves children as narrated `Aisha رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہَا : A person came to the Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ and said, "You (people) kiss the boys! We don't kiss them." The Prophet said, "I cannot put mercy in your heart after Allah has taken it away from it."

Narrated Abu Huraira رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہُ : Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ kissed Al-Hasan bin `Ali while Al-Aqra' bin H`Abis at-Tamim was sitting beside him. Al-Aqra said, "I have ten children and I have never kissed anyone of them," Allah's Messenger صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ cast a look at him and said;

"Whoever is not merciful to others will not be treated mercifully."

Holy Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ gave the new fruits of season firstly to children and also played with them. His rule of battle include that no children, old man or woman will be killed.

Kindness for Slaves

Holy Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ told that to free a slave is a reason for the escape from jahhanam. Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہُ : A man came to the Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ and asked: Messenger of Allah! How often shall I forgive a servant? He gave no reply, so the man repeated what he had said, but he still kept silence. When he asked a third time, he replied: “Forgive him seventy times daily.” Respected scholars say here the word “seventy” means too many times so in other words always forgive them. He صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was most kind with his slaves.

Kindness for Animals

The kindness of beloved Prophet صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was also for animals. It has been narrated by Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ said: “ When you travel (through a land) where there is plenty of vegetation, you should (go slow and) give the camels a chance to enjoy the benefit of the earth. When you travel (through a land) where there is scarcity of vegetation, you should hasten with them (so that you may be able to cross that land while your animals are still in a good condition of health). When you make a halt for the night, avoid (doing so on) the road, for the tracks are the pathways of wild beasts or the abode of noxious little animals.”

Kindness for Birds

The kindness of beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ was also for the birds and insects. He صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ ordered his companions not to injure or harm the birds or insects. These are the few examples of his great mercy. The life of beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ is full of mercy he was so kind to the people even the slaves used to call him for their help and he صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ would go to help them.

Dear Islamic brothers if you wanted to learn more about this topic please visit our website and read the book “Seerat e Mustafa” and “Seerat e Rasool e Arabi”. May Allah عَزَّ وَجَلَّ enable us to follow the Sunnah of the beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ !

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By Mark Willy
Jan 10, 2017

Domestic Life of the Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

The Seerah of the Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم in relation to his domestic life is to be followed. Despite fulfilling the heavy responsibilities of propagating religion, his great conduct towards his blessed wives and blessed daughters holds the importance of being the guiding principle for the entire Ummah. The Holy Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم has stated: ‘Best among you is the one who is best for his household; and I am the best for my household among you all.’ (Sunan-ut-Tirmizi, vol. 5, pp. 475, Hadees 3921) Let’s have few glimpses of this aspect of the life of Holy Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم :

Heartening Azwaaj-e-Mutaharraat [blessed wives]

He صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would hearten Azwaaj-e-Mutaharraat رَضِىَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَـنْهُنَّ . Once, in order to please Umm-ul-Mu`mineen, Sayyidatuna Khadijah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا , he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم fed her Heavenly grapes through his miraculous grandeur. (Al-Mu’jam-ul-Awsat, vol. 4, pp. 315, Hadees 6098)

He صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would delight Azwaaj-e-Mutaharraat [blessed wives]

According to the situation, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would also delight [Azwaaj-e-Mutaharraat], as Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah Siddiqah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا has stated: I was with Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم on a journey. We stayed at a place, so Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم sent the blessed Sahabah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا ahead and had a race with me. Since I was thin, I outstripped him. Then, after a short period of time, I was with Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم on another journey. We stayed at a place, so Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم sent the blessed Sahabah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا ahead and had a race with me. At that time, I had gained weight; therefore,Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم outstripped me. Then, while [gently] striking my shoulder with his blessed hand, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم said: This is the pay back for that [last race].

( Explanation: Remember that this race was in seclusion. Therefore, this Hadees cannot be taken as a proof for the races of men and women in the current era.)

Likewise, the Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would also express happiness upon seeing Ummahat-ul-Mu`mineen delighting each other, and at times, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم himself would join them as well; as Umm-ul-Mu`mineen Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا has narrated: I prepared Khazeerah (food prepared from meat and flour) for Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم and served it to Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم . Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم was seated with Sayyidatuna Sawdah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا and me. I also asked Sayyidatuna Sawdah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا to eat; she refused. I said: ‘Eat it, or else I will rub it on your face.’ She again refused, so I took Khazeerah in my hand and rubbed it on her face. Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم started smiling; he took Khazeerah in his hand and gave it to Sayyidatuna Sawdah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا , and said: ‘Here, you also rub it on her face.’ Rasoolullah صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم expressed happiness at that time. (Musnad Abi Ya’la, vol. 4, pp. 88, Hadees 4459)

He صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would teach religious knowledge

The Holy Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would impart religious knowledge to Azwaaj-e-Mutaharrat. In this regard, names of Umm-ul-Mu`mineen Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah Siddiqah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا and Umm-ul-Mu`mineen Sayyidatuna Umm-e-Salamah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا come at the top of the list, who received invaluable pearls of knowledge from the Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم . In fact, the status of Umm-ul-Mu`mineen Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah Siddiqah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا was such [great] that she would resolve great perplexing scholarly issues with ease. (Sunan-ut-Tirmizi, vol. 5, pp. 471, Hadees 3909)

He صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would take care of the rights of Azwaaj-e-Mutaharraat Before his apparent demise, the Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم became ill and wanted to spend the last days of his apparent life at the house of Umm-ul-Mu`mineen, Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah Siddiqah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا . Instead of clearly announcing his decision, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم repeated the following question again and again, while keeping in view the rights of wives: ‘At whose house will I be tomorrow?’ The blessed wives came to know the will of Holy Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم and humbly said: ‘Wherever you like.’ Therefore, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم stayed at the house of Umm-ul-Mu`mineen, Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah Siddiqah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا until [his] apparent demise. (Sahih Bukhari, vol. 3, pp. 468, Hadees 5217)

He صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would also consult with Azwaaj-e-Mutaharraat

Similarly, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would encourage them by seeking their advice. At times, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم even sought their advice in very critical situations. For example, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم sought advice of Sayyidatuna Khadijah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا when the first Wahee [Divine revelation] was sent down (Sahih Bukhari, vol. 1, pp. 8, Hadees 3) and the advice of Sayyidatuna Umm-e-Salamah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا at the occasion of Suleh Hudaybiyah [treaty of Hudaybiyah], and accepted their advice. (Sahih Bukhari, vol. 2, pp. 227, Hadees 2732)

Great conduct towards the daughters

Similarly, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would treat his blessed daughters with extreme kindness and affection. He صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would become happy upon their joy and sad upon their grief. In fact, when his most beloved daughter, Sayyidatuna Fatimah رَضِیَ اللهُ تَعَالٰی عَنْهَا would come, he صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم would stand up out of extreme kindness and affection. (Subul-ul-Huda War-Rishaad, vol. 11, pp. 44) Through this kind and affectionate conduct, the Ummah not only attains the guidance to create a pleasant environment at home, but undoubtedly, it also highlights the rank and status of woman in Islam.

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The Noor Of Holy Nabi صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

February 10, 2017

Kindness Of Beloved Rasool Towards Children

Blessed Habits Of Beloved Mustafa صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

Medical Madani Pearls Bestowed By The Holy Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

Love Of Holy Rasool For Makkah And Madinah.

Domestic Life Of The Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

The Princes And Princesses Of Noblest Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم Understands All Languages.

Blessed Face Of Beloved Mustafa صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم .

Business Trips Of The Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم .

Favourite foods of Beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

Family History
Declaration of Nubuwwah
Blessings Of Islam

Dark-skinned slave

Luminous face, light of the embodiment of nūr, walls illuminated, lost needle, good memory was granted, unseen knowledge, monstrous camel, lions arrived, parents were resurrected, dead goat rose twitching its ears, children rose from the dead.

100 Words Essay On Kindness Of Rasool In English

“Allah is kind and loves kindness in all matters”, said Prophet Muhammad Rassol of Islam.

The kindness and compassion of Rasool are widely known. Prophet Rasool took after Allah’s example by always being kind to his servants and all creatures (including animals, birds, and insects) without any regard for their beliefs, colour (ethnicity or race), caste, creed, nationality, sex, age, or gender.

Prophet Rasool believed in being kind to friends, relations (especially one’s mother and father), neighbours, orphans, women and even inanimate objects.

Like Allah’s kindness, Prophet Muhammad Rasool’s kindness knew no bounds and was infinite.

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Tolerance in Islam | Quranic Verses and Ahadith on Tolerance

The literal meaning of Tolerance is “to bear.” Tolerance is a basic principle of Islam. It is a religious and moral duty. It does not mean compromise. It does not mean lack of principles or lack of seriousness about one’s principles. It means accepting the fact that human beings, naturally distinct in their appearance, situation, speech, behavior, and values, have the right to live in peace and to be as they are. It also means that one’s views are not to be imposed on others. We have to tolerate others according to their point of view we can’t just impose our point of view on others.

Islam is the religion of mercy and kindness, the religion of tolerance and ease. Faith/Belief is from the first of the 5 pillars upon which Islam is based, they also consist of more than seventy branches (i.e. parts) and one of these parts is, “Tolerance”. The Quran speaks about the basic dignity of all human beings. The Prophet (SAW) spoke about the equality of all human beings, regardless of their race, color, language or traditional background.

Quranic Verses on Tolerance

Clear elicitation of tolerance is expressed from the verse of Quran for the Muslims that is: “For you is your religion, and for me is my religion.” (Quran 109: 6). We can’t force others to accept our point of view and religion or faith. As In Holy Quran Allah Almighty said: “There is no compulsion in religion …” (Quran 2:256).

In Quran it is clearly stated that no compulsion is upon any other faith-bearing person: “There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion. The right course has become clear from the wrong. So whoever disbelieves in Taghut and believes in Allah has grasped the most trustworthy handhold with no break in it. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.” (Quran 2:256)

The religion of Islam revolves around hope and fear of the one and only creator, so the believer is one who has hope and fear. In Holy Quran, Allah Almighty says: “Verily, they used to hasten on to do good deeds, and they used to call on us in hope and in fear” (Quran, 21: 90). From this verse, we can conclude that believer is the one who has hope and fear and these make believer to be tolerant or makes believer have tolerance.

Islam teaches tolerance on all levels: individual, groups, and states. Tolerance is the structure that upholds human rights, cultural diversity and the rule of law. Allah says in the Holy Quran very clearly: “To every People have We appointed rites and ceremonies which they must follow, let them not then dispute with you on the matter, but do invite (them) to your Lord: for you are assuredly on the Right Way. If they do wrangle with you, say, ‘God knows best what it is you are doing. “God will judge between you on the Day of Judgment concerning the matters in which you differ.'” (Quran, Al-Hajj: 76-69).

So we see that the verses mentioned above give prohibition not to suppress people, present the message to them in a decent and clear way, invite them to the truth and do your best in presenting and conveying the message of Allah to humanity, while it is totally up to them to accept or to reject it. We can’t simply impose anything on them.

Islam may tolerate anything but it teaches zero tolerance for injustice, oppression, and violation of the rights of other human beings. Allah says in Holy Quran: “And why should you not fight in the cause of Allah and of those who, being weak, are ill-treated? Men, women, and children, whose cry is: ‘Our Lord! Rescue us from this town whose people are oppressors, and raise for us from your side one who will protect, and raise for us from your side one who will help.”

Ahadith on Tolerance

From the life of our beloved Prophet (SAW), we can learn many lessons of tolerance as He (SAW) did with all mankind whether its believer or non-believer. The whole personality of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) demonstrates the implication of tolerance towards other minorities. Once the people asked Prophet Muhammad (SAW) that why Allah did not command hardships and forcefully flatten the false Gods to prove one true religion. Upon this Allah Almighty sent the following verse of Quran: “And those who associate others with Allah say, “If Allah had willed, we would not have worshipped anything other than Him, neither we nor our fathers nor would we have forbidden anything through other than Him.” Thus did those do before them. So is thereupon the messengers except [the duty of] clear notification?” (Quran, 16:35)

Once when the Prophet (SAW) was asked, “What is Eemaan (belief/faith)?” He (SAW) replied: “Eemaan (faith) is patience and tolerance.”

Tolerance and patience is a characteristic of true faith in Allah, good manners, and upright character. Jabir ibn Abdullah reported: The Messenger of Allah, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), said: “May Allah have mercy on a man who is tolerant when selling, buying, and seeking repayment.” (Sahih Bukhari). So we can say tolerance is a very important concept in Islam and specifically in business.

In modern usage, the word “tolerance” has come to signify mutual respect and peaceful harmony between conflicting religions and ideologies. No doubt, Islam supports tolerance on a social level. Muslims concern to peacefully coincides with any group that desires peaceful coexistence. Tolerance is the gracious knot which binds the family, society and keeps the nation intact. We should impart to our children the quality of tolerance, and forgiveness because the family is the first school of privilege. We should more concentrate on this virtue of tolerance so that we can live peaceful and happy life. Muslims have been generally very tolerant people. We must emphasize this virtue among us and in the world today. Tolerance is needed among our communities. In this way, e can portray the real and very good image of our religion Islam.

How To Write A Dissertation Introduction Chapter:

The 7 essential ingredients of an a-grade introduction.

By: Derek Jansen (MBA). Reviewed By Dr Eunice Rautenbach (D. Tech) | March 2020

If you’re reading this, you’re probably at the daunting early phases of writing up the introduction chapter of your dissertation or thesis. It can be intimidating, I know.

In this post, we’ll look at the 7 essential ingredients of a strong dissertation or thesis introduction chapter, as well as the essential things you need to keep in mind as you craft each section. We’ll also share some useful tips to help you optimize your approach.

Overview: How To Write An Introduction Chapter

Understand the purpose and function of the intro chapter
Craft an enticing and engaging opening section
Provide a background and context to the study
Clearly define the research problem
State your research aims, objectives and questions
Explain the significance of your study
Identify the limitations of your research
Outline the structure of your dissertation or thesis

The perfect dissertation or thesis introduction chapter

A quick sidenote:

You’ll notice that I’ve used the words dissertation and thesis interchangeably. While these terms reflect different levels of research – for example, Masters vs PhD-level research – the introduction chapter generally contains the same 7 essential ingredients regardless of level. So, in this post, dissertation introduction equals thesis introduction.

Start with why.

To craft a high-quality dissertation or thesis introduction chapter, you need to understand exactly what this chapter needs to achieve. In other words, what’s its purpose ? As the name suggests, the introduction chapter needs to introduce the reader to your research so that they understand what you’re trying to figure out, or what problem you’re trying to solve. More specifically, you need to answer four important questions in your introduction chapter.

These questions are:

What will you be researching? (in other words, your research topic)
Why is that worthwhile? (in other words, your justification)
What will the scope of your research be? (in other words, what will you cover and what won’t you cover)
What will the limitations of your research be? (in other words, what will the potential shortcomings of your research be?)

Simply put, your dissertation’s introduction chapter needs to provide an overview of your planned research , as well as a clear rationale for it. In other words, this chapter has to explain the “what” and the “why” of your research – what’s it all about and why’s that important.

Simple enough, right?

Well, the trick is finding the appropriate depth of information. As the researcher, you’ll be extremely close to your topic and this makes it easy to get caught up in the minor details. While these intricate details might be interesting, you need to write your introduction chapter on more of a “need-to-know” type basis, or it will end up way too lengthy and dense. You need to balance painting a clear picture with keeping things concise. Don’t worry though – you’ll be able to explore all the intricate details in later chapters.

The core ingredients of a dissertation introduction chapter

Now that you understand what you need to achieve from your introduction chapter, we can get into the details. While the exact requirements for this chapter can vary from university to university, there are seven core components that most universities will require. We call these the seven essential ingredients .

The 7 Essential Ingredients

The opening section – where you’ll introduce the reader to your research in high-level terms
The background to the study – where you’ll explain the context of your project
The research problem – where you’ll explain the “gap” that exists in the current research
The research aims , objectives and questions – where you’ll clearly state what your research will aim to achieve
The significance (or justification) – where you’ll explain why your research is worth doing and the value it will provide to the world
The limitations – where you’ll acknowledge the potential limitations of your project and approach
The structure – where you’ll briefly outline the structure of your dissertation or thesis to help orient the reader

By incorporating these seven essential ingredients into your introduction chapter, you’ll comprehensively cover both the “ what ” and the “ why ” I mentioned earlier – in other words, you’ll achieve the purpose of the chapter.

Side note – you can also use these 7 ingredients in this order as the structure for your chapter to ensure a smooth, logical flow. This isn’t essential, but, generally speaking, it helps create an engaging narrative that’s easy for your reader to understand. If you’d like, you can also download our free introduction chapter template here.

Alright – let’s look at each of the ingredients now.

#1 – The Opening Section

The very first essential ingredient for your dissertation introduction is, well, an introduction or opening section. Just like every other chapter, your introduction chapter needs to start by providing a brief overview of what you’ll be covering in the chapter.

This section needs to engage the reader with clear, concise language that can be easily understood and digested. If the reader (your marker!) has to struggle through it, they’ll lose interest, which will make it harder for you to earn marks. Just because you’re writing an academic paper doesn’t mean you can ignore the basic principles of engaging writing used by marketers, bloggers, and journalists. At the end of the day, you’re all trying to sell an idea – yours is just a research idea.

So, what goes into this opening section?

Well, while there’s no set formula, it’s a good idea to include the following four foundational sentences in your opening section:

1 – A sentence or two introducing the overall field of your research.

For example:

“Organisational skills development involves identifying current or potential skills gaps within a business and developing programs to resolve these gaps. Management research, including X, Y and Z, has clearly established that organisational skills development is an essential contributor to business growth.”

2 – A sentence introducing your specific research problem.

“However, there are conflicting views and an overall lack of research regarding how best to manage skills development initiatives in highly dynamic environments where subject knowledge is rapidly and continuously evolving – for example, in the website development industry.”

3 – A sentence stating your research aims and objectives.

“This research aims to identify and evaluate skills development approaches and strategies for highly dynamic industries in which subject knowledge is continuously evolving.”.

4 – A sentence outlining the layout of the chapter.

“This chapter will provide an introduction to the study by first discussing the background and context, followed by the research problem, the research aims, objectives and questions, the significance and finally, the limitations.”

As I mentioned, this opening section of your introduction chapter shouldn’t be lengthy . Typically, these four sentences should fit neatly into one or two paragraphs, max. What you’re aiming for here is a clear, concise introduction to your research – not a detailed account.

PS – If some of this terminology sounds unfamiliar, don’t stress – I’ll explain each of the concepts later in this post.

#2 – Background to the study

Now that you’ve provided a high-level overview of your dissertation or thesis, it’s time to go a little deeper and lay a foundation for your research topic. This foundation is what the second ingredient is all about – the background to your study.

So, what is the background section all about?

Well, this section of your introduction chapter should provide a broad overview of the topic area that you’ll be researching, as well as the current contextual factors . This could include, for example, a brief history of the topic, recent developments in the area, key pieces of research in the area and so on. In other words, in this section, you need to provide the relevant background information to give the reader a decent foundational understanding of your research area.

Let’s look at an example to make this a little more concrete.

If we stick with the skills development topic I mentioned earlier, the background to the study section would start by providing an overview of the skills development area and outline the key existing research. Then, it would go on to discuss how the modern-day context has created a new challenge for traditional skills development strategies and approaches. Specifically, that in many industries, technical knowledge is constantly and rapidly evolving, and traditional education providers struggle to keep up with the pace of new technologies.

Importantly, you need to write this section with the assumption that the reader is not an expert in your topic area. So, if there are industry-specific jargon and complex terminology, you should briefly explain that here , so that the reader can understand the rest of your document.

Don’t make assumptions about the reader’s knowledge – in most cases, your markers will not be able to ask you questions if they don’t understand something. So, always err on the safe side and explain anything that’s not common knowledge.

#3 – The research problem

Now that you’ve given your reader an overview of your research area, it’s time to get specific about the research problem that you’ll address in your dissertation or thesis. While the background section would have alluded to a potential research problem (or even multiple research problems), the purpose of this section is to narrow the focus and highlight the specific research problem you’ll focus on.

But, what exactly is a research problem, you ask?

Well, a research problem can be any issue or question for which there isn’t already a well-established and agreed-upon answer in the existing research. In other words, a research problem exists when there’s a need to answer a question (or set of questions), but there’s a gap in the existing literature , or the existing research is conflicting and/or inconsistent.

So, to present your research problem, you need to make it clear what exactly is missing in the current literature and why this is a problem . It’s usually a good idea to structure this discussion into three sections – specifically:

What’s already well-established in the literature (in other words, the current state of research)
What’s missing in the literature (in other words, the literature gap)
Why this is a problem (in other words, why it’s important to fill this gap)

Let’s look at an example of this structure using the skills development topic.

Organisational skills development is critically important for employee satisfaction and company performance (reference). Numerous studies have investigated strategies and approaches to manage skills development programs within organisations (reference).

(this paragraph explains what’s already well-established in the literature)

However, these studies have traditionally focused on relatively slow-paced industries where key skills and knowledge do not change particularly often. This body of theory presents a problem for industries that face a rapidly changing skills landscape – for example, the website development industry – where new platforms, languages and best practices emerge on an extremely frequent basis.

(this paragraph explains what’s missing from the literature)

As a result, the existing research is inadequate for industries in which essential knowledge and skills are constantly and rapidly evolving, as it assumes a slow pace of knowledge development. Industries in such environments, therefore, find themselves ill-equipped in terms of skills development strategies and approaches.

(this paragraph explains why the research gap is problematic)

As you can see in this example, in a few lines, we’ve explained (1) the current state of research, (2) the literature gap and (3) why that gap is problematic. By doing this, the research problem is made crystal clear, which lays the foundation for the next ingredient.

#4 – The research aims, objectives and questions

Now that you’ve clearly identified your research problem, it’s time to identify your research aims and objectives , as well as your research questions . In other words, it’s time to explain what you’re going to do about the research problem.

So, what do you need to do here?

Well, the starting point is to clearly state your research aim (or aims) . The research aim is the main goal or the overarching purpose of your dissertation or thesis. In other words, it’s a high-level statement of what you’re aiming to achieve.

Let’s look at an example, sticking with the skills development topic:

“Given the lack of research regarding organisational skills development in fast-moving industries, this study will aim to identify and evaluate the skills development approaches utilised by web development companies in the UK”.

As you can see in this example, the research aim is clearly outlined, as well as the specific context in which the research will be undertaken (in other words, web development companies in the UK).

Next up is the research objective (or objectives) . While the research aims cover the high-level “what”, the research objectives are a bit more practically oriented, looking at specific things you’ll be doing to achieve those research aims.

Let’s take a look at an example of some research objectives (ROs) to fit the research aim.

RO1 – To identify common skills development strategies and approaches utilised by web development companies in the UK.
RO2 – To evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies and approaches.
RO3 – To compare and contrast these strategies and approaches in terms of their strengths and weaknesses.

As you can see from this example, these objectives describe the actions you’ll take and the specific things you’ll investigate in order to achieve your research aims. They break down the research aims into more specific, actionable objectives.

The final step is to state your research questions . Your research questions bring the aims and objectives another level “down to earth”. These are the specific questions that your dissertation or theses will seek to answer. They’re not fluffy, ambiguous or conceptual – they’re very specific and you’ll need to directly answer them in your conclusions chapter .

The research questions typically relate directly to the research objectives and sometimes can look a bit obvious, but they are still extremely important. Let’s take a look at an example of the research questions (RQs) that would flow from the research objectives I mentioned earlier.

RQ1 – What skills development strategies and approaches are currently being used by web development companies in the UK?
RQ2 – How effective are each of these strategies and approaches?
RQ3 – What are the strengths and weaknesses of each of these strategies and approaches?

As you can see, the research questions mimic the research objectives , but they are presented in question format. These questions will act as the driving force throughout your dissertation or thesis – from the literature review to the methodology and onward – so they’re really important.

A final note about this section – it’s really important to be clear about the scope of your study (more technically, the delimitations ). In other words, what you WILL cover and what you WON’T cover. If your research aims, objectives and questions are too broad, you’ll risk losing focus or investigating a problem that is too big to solve within a single dissertation.

Simply put, you need to establish clear boundaries in your research. You can do this, for example, by limiting it to a specific industry, country or time period. That way, you’ll ringfence your research, which will allow you to investigate your topic deeply and thoroughly – which is what earns marks!

Need a helping hand?

#5 – Significance

Now that you’ve made it clear what you’ll be researching, it’s time to make a strong argument regarding your study’s importance and significance . In other words, now that you’ve covered the what, it’s time to cover the why – enter essential ingredient number 5 – significance.

Of course, by this stage, you’ve already briefly alluded to the importance of your study in your background and research problem sections, but you haven’t explicitly stated how your research findings will benefit the world . So, now’s your chance to clearly state how your study will benefit either industry , academia , or – ideally – both . In other words, you need to explain how your research will make a difference and what implications it will have.

Let’s take a look at an example.

“This study will contribute to the body of knowledge on skills development by incorporating skills development strategies and approaches for industries in which knowledge and skills are rapidly and constantly changing. This will help address the current shortage of research in this area and provide real-world value to organisations operating in such dynamic environments.”

As you can see in this example, the paragraph clearly explains how the research will help fill a gap in the literature and also provide practical real-world value to organisations.

This section doesn’t need to be particularly lengthy, but it does need to be convincing . You need to “sell” the value of your research here so that the reader understands why it’s worth committing an entire dissertation or thesis to it. This section needs to be the salesman of your research. So, spend some time thinking about the ways in which your research will make a unique contribution to the world and how the knowledge you create could benefit both academia and industry – and then “sell it” in this section.

#6 – The limitations

Now that you’ve “sold” your research to the reader and hopefully got them excited about what’s coming up in the rest of your dissertation, it’s time to briefly discuss the potential limitations of your research.

But you’re probably thinking, hold up – what limitations? My research is well thought out and carefully designed – why would there be limitations?

Well, no piece of research is perfect . This is especially true for a dissertation or thesis – which typically has a very low or zero budget, tight time constraints and limited researcher experience. Generally, your dissertation will be the first or second formal research project you’ve ever undertaken, so it’s unlikely to win any research awards…

Simply put, your research will invariably have limitations. Don’t stress yourself out though – this is completely acceptable (and expected). Even “professional” research has limitations – as I said, no piece of research is perfect. The key is to recognise the limitations upfront and be completely transparent about them, so that future researchers are aware of them and can improve the study’s design to minimise the limitations and strengthen the findings.

Generally, you’ll want to consider at least the following four common limitations. These are:

Your scope – for example, perhaps your focus is very narrow and doesn’t consider how certain variables interact with each other.
Your research methodology – for example, a qualitative methodology could be criticised for being overly subjective, or a quantitative methodology could be criticised for oversimplifying the situation (learn more about methodologies here ).
Your resources – for example, a lack of time, money, equipment and your own research experience.
The generalisability of your findings – for example, the findings from the study of a specific industry or country can’t necessarily be generalised to other industries or countries.

Don’t be shy here. There’s no use trying to hide the limitations or weaknesses of your research. In fact, the more critical you can be of your study, the better. The markers want to see that you are aware of the limitations as this demonstrates your understanding of research design – so be brutal.

#7 – The structural outline

Now that you’ve clearly communicated what your research is going to be about, why it’s important and what the limitations of your research will be, the final ingredient is the structural outline.The purpose of this section is simply to provide your reader with a roadmap of what to expect in terms of the structure of your dissertation or thesis.

In this section, you’ll need to provide a brief summary of each chapter’s purpose and contents (including the introduction chapter). A sentence or two explaining what you’ll do in each chapter is generally enough to orient the reader. You don’t want to get too detailed here – it’s purely an outline, not a summary of your research.

Let’s look at an example:

In Chapter One, the context of the study has been introduced. The research objectives and questions have been identified, and the value of such research argued. The limitations of the study have also been discussed.

In Chapter Two, the existing literature will be reviewed and a foundation of theory will be laid out to identify key skills development approaches and strategies within the context of fast-moving industries, especially technology-intensive industries.

In Chapter Three, the methodological choices will be explored. Specifically, the adoption of a qualitative, inductive research approach will be justified, and the broader research design will be discussed, including the limitations thereof.

So, as you can see from the example, this section is simply an outline of the chapter structure, allocating a short paragraph to each chapter. Done correctly, the outline will help your reader understand what to expect and reassure them that you’ll address the multiple facets of the study.

By the way – if you’re unsure of how to structure your dissertation or thesis, be sure to check out our video post which explains dissertation structure .

Keep calm and carry on.

Hopefully you feel a bit more prepared for this challenge of crafting your dissertation or thesis introduction chapter now. Take a deep breath and remember that Rome wasn’t built in a day – conquer one ingredient at a time and you’ll be firmly on the path to success.

Let’s quickly recap – the 7 ingredients are:

The opening section – where you give a brief, high-level overview of what your research will be about.
The study background – where you introduce the reader to key theory, concepts and terminology, as well as the context of your study.
The research problem – where you explain what the problem with the current research is. In other words, the research gap.
The research aims , objectives and questions – where you clearly state what your dissertation will investigate.
The significance – where you explain what value your research will provide to the world.
The limitations – where you explain what the potential shortcomings and limitations of your research may be.
The structural outline – where you provide a high-level overview of the structure of your document

If you bake these ingredients into your dissertation introduction chapter, you’ll be well on your way to building an engaging introduction chapter that lays a rock-solid foundation for the rest of your document.

Remember, while we’ve covered the essential ingredients here, there may be some additional components that your university requires, so be sure to double-check your project brief!

Psst… there’s more (for free)

This post is part of our dissertation mini-course, which covers everything you need to get started with your dissertation, thesis or research project.

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42 Comments

Thanks very much for such an insight. I feel confident enough in undertaking my thesis on the survey;The future of facial recognition and learning non verbal interaction

Glad to hear that. Good luck with your thesis!

Thanks very much for such an insight. I feel confident now undertaking my thesis; The future of facial recognition and learning non verbal interaction.

Thanks so much for this article. I found myself struggling and wasting a lot of time in my thesis writing but after reading this article and watching some of your youtube videos, I now have a clear understanding of what is required for a thesis.

Thank you Derek, i find your each post so useful. Keep it up.

Thank you so much Derek ,for shedding the light and making it easier for me to handle the daunting task of academic writing .

Thanks do much Dereck for the comprehensive guide. It will assist me queit a lot in my thesis.

thanks a lot for helping

i LOVE the gifs, such a fun way to engage readers. thanks for the advice, much appreciated

Thanks a lot Derek! It will be really useful to the beginner in research!

You’re welcome

This is a well written, easily comprehensible, simple introduction to the basics of a Research Dissertation../the need to keep the reader in mind while writing the dissertation is an important point that is covered../ I appreciate the efforts of the author../

The instruction given are perfect and clear. I was supposed to take the course , unfortunately in Nepal the service is not avaialble.However, I am much more hopeful that you will provide require documents whatever you have produced so far.

Thank you very much

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I was looking for some good blogs related to Education hopefully your article will help. Thanks for sharing.

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You just saved me from going astray in writing a Dissertation for my undergraduate studies. I could not be more grateful for such a relevant guide like this. Thank you so much.

Thank you so much Derek, this has been extremely helpful!!

I do have one question though, in the limitations part do you refer to the scope as the focus of the research on a specific industry/country/chronological period? I assume that in order to talk about whether or not the research could be generalized, the above would need to be already presented and described in the introduction.

Thank you again!

Phew! You have genuinely rescued me. I was stuck how to go about my thesis. Now l have started. Thank you.

This is the very best guide in anything that has to do with thesis or dissertation writing. The numerous blends of examples and detailed insights make it worth a read and in fact, a treasure that is worthy to be bookmarked.

Thanks a lot for this masterpiece!

Powerful insight. I can now take a step

Thank you very much for these valuable introductions to thesis chapters. I saw all your videos about writing the introduction, discussion, and conclusion chapter. Then, I am wondering if we need to explain our research limitations in all three chapters, introduction, discussion, and conclusion? Isn’t it a bit redundant? If not, could you please explain how can we write in different ways? Thank you.

Excellent!!! Thank you…

Thanks for this informative content. I have a question. The research gap is mentioned in both the introduction and literature section. I would like to know how can I demonstrate the research gap in both sections without repeating the contents?

I’m incredibly grateful for this invaluable content. I’ve been dreading compiling my postgrad thesis but breaking each chapter down into sections has made it so much easier for me to engage with the material without feeling overwhelmed. After relying on your guidance, I’m really happy with how I’ve laid out my introduction.

Thank you for the informative content you provided

Hi Derrick and Team, thank you so much for the comprehensive guide on how to write a dissertation or a thesis introduction section. For some of us first-timers, it is a daunting task. However, the instruction with relevant examples makes it clear and easy to follow through. Much appreciated.

It was so helpful. God Bless you. Thanks very much

I thank you Grad coach for your priceless help. I have two questions I have learned from your video the limitations of the research presented in chapter one. but in another video also presented in chapter five. which chapter limitation should be included? If possible, I need your answer since I am doing my thesis. how can I explain If I am asked what is my motivation for this research?

Thank you guys for the great work you are doing. Honestly, you have made the research to be interesting and simplified. Even a novice will easily grasp the ideas you put forward, Thank you once again.

Excellent piece!

I feel like just settling for a good topic is usually the hardest part.

Thank you so much. My confidence has been completely destroyed during my first year of PhD and you have helped me pull myself together again

Happy to help 🙂

I am so glad I ran into your resources and did not waste time doing the wrong this. Research is now making so much sense now.

Gratitude to Derrick and the team I was looking for a solid article that would aid me in drafting the thesis’ introduction. I felt quite happy when I came across the piece you wrote because it was so well-written and insightful. I wish you success in the future.

thank you so much. God Bless you

Thank you so much Grad Coach for these helpful insights. Now I can get started, with a great deal of confidence.

It’s ‘alluded to’ not ‘eluded to’.

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Home » Research Paper Introduction – Writing Guide and Examples

Research Paper Introduction – Writing Guide and Examples

Table of Contents

Research Paper Introduction

Research paper introduction is the first section of a research paper that provides an overview of the study, its purpose, and the research question (s) or hypothesis (es) being investigated. It typically includes background information about the topic, a review of previous research in the field, and a statement of the research objectives. The introduction is intended to provide the reader with a clear understanding of the research problem, why it is important, and how the study will contribute to existing knowledge in the field. It also sets the tone for the rest of the paper and helps to establish the author’s credibility and expertise on the subject.

How to Write Research Paper Introduction

Writing an introduction for a research paper can be challenging because it sets the tone for the entire paper. Here are some steps to follow to help you write an effective research paper introduction:

Start with a hook : Begin your introduction with an attention-grabbing statement, a question, or a surprising fact that will make the reader interested in reading further.
Provide background information: After the hook, provide background information on the topic. This information should give the reader a general idea of what the topic is about and why it is important.
State the research problem: Clearly state the research problem or question that the paper addresses. This should be done in a concise and straightforward manner.
State the research objectives: After stating the research problem, clearly state the research objectives. This will give the reader an idea of what the paper aims to achieve.
Provide a brief overview of the paper: At the end of the introduction, provide a brief overview of the paper. This should include a summary of the main points that will be discussed in the paper.
Revise and refine: Finally, revise and refine your introduction to ensure that it is clear, concise, and engaging.

Structure of Research Paper Introduction

The following is a typical structure for a research paper introduction:

Background Information: This section provides an overview of the topic of the research paper, including relevant background information and any previous research that has been done on the topic. It helps to give the reader a sense of the context for the study.
Problem Statement: This section identifies the specific problem or issue that the research paper is addressing. It should be clear and concise, and it should articulate the gap in knowledge that the study aims to fill.
Research Question/Hypothesis : This section states the research question or hypothesis that the study aims to answer. It should be specific and focused, and it should clearly connect to the problem statement.
Significance of the Study: This section explains why the research is important and what the potential implications of the study are. It should highlight the contribution that the research makes to the field.
Methodology: This section describes the research methods that were used to conduct the study. It should be detailed enough to allow the reader to understand how the study was conducted and to evaluate the validity of the results.
Organization of the Paper : This section provides a brief overview of the structure of the research paper. It should give the reader a sense of what to expect in each section of the paper.

Research Paper Introduction Examples

Research Paper Introduction Examples could be:

Example 1: In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly prevalent in various industries, including healthcare. AI algorithms are being developed to assist with medical diagnoses, treatment recommendations, and patient monitoring. However, as the use of AI in healthcare grows, ethical concerns regarding privacy, bias, and accountability have emerged. This paper aims to explore the ethical implications of AI in healthcare and propose recommendations for addressing these concerns.

Example 2: Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet today. The increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has resulted in rising temperatures, changing weather patterns, and other environmental impacts. In this paper, we will review the scientific evidence on climate change, discuss the potential consequences of inaction, and propose solutions for mitigating its effects.

Example 3: The rise of social media has transformed the way we communicate and interact with each other. While social media platforms offer many benefits, including increased connectivity and access to information, they also present numerous challenges. In this paper, we will examine the impact of social media on mental health, privacy, and democracy, and propose solutions for addressing these issues.

Example 4: The use of renewable energy sources has become increasingly important in the face of climate change and environmental degradation. While renewable energy technologies offer many benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions and energy independence, they also present numerous challenges. In this paper, we will assess the current state of renewable energy technology, discuss the economic and political barriers to its adoption, and propose solutions for promoting the widespread use of renewable energy.

Purpose of Research Paper Introduction

The introduction section of a research paper serves several important purposes, including:

Providing context: The introduction should give readers a general understanding of the topic, including its background, significance, and relevance to the field.
Presenting the research question or problem: The introduction should clearly state the research question or problem that the paper aims to address. This helps readers understand the purpose of the study and what the author hopes to accomplish.
Reviewing the literature: The introduction should summarize the current state of knowledge on the topic, highlighting the gaps and limitations in existing research. This shows readers why the study is important and necessary.
Outlining the scope and objectives of the study: The introduction should describe the scope and objectives of the study, including what aspects of the topic will be covered, what data will be collected, and what methods will be used.
Previewing the main findings and conclusions : The introduction should provide a brief overview of the main findings and conclusions that the study will present. This helps readers anticipate what they can expect to learn from the paper.

When to Write Research Paper Introduction

The introduction of a research paper is typically written after the research has been conducted and the data has been analyzed. This is because the introduction should provide an overview of the research problem, the purpose of the study, and the research questions or hypotheses that will be investigated.

Once you have a clear understanding of the research problem and the questions that you want to explore, you can begin to write the introduction. It’s important to keep in mind that the introduction should be written in a way that engages the reader and provides a clear rationale for the study. It should also provide context for the research by reviewing relevant literature and explaining how the study fits into the larger field of research.

Advantages of Research Paper Introduction

The introduction of a research paper has several advantages, including:

Establishing the purpose of the research: The introduction provides an overview of the research problem, question, or hypothesis, and the objectives of the study. This helps to clarify the purpose of the research and provide a roadmap for the reader to follow.
Providing background information: The introduction also provides background information on the topic, including a review of relevant literature and research. This helps the reader understand the context of the study and how it fits into the broader field of research.
Demonstrating the significance of the research: The introduction also explains why the research is important and relevant. This helps the reader understand the value of the study and why it is worth reading.
Setting expectations: The introduction sets the tone for the rest of the paper and prepares the reader for what is to come. This helps the reader understand what to expect and how to approach the paper.
Grabbing the reader’s attention: A well-written introduction can grab the reader’s attention and make them interested in reading further. This is important because it can help to keep the reader engaged and motivated to read the rest of the paper.
Creating a strong first impression: The introduction is the first part of the research paper that the reader will see, and it can create a strong first impression. A well-written introduction can make the reader more likely to take the research seriously and view it as credible.
Establishing the author’s credibility: The introduction can also establish the author’s credibility as a researcher. By providing a clear and thorough overview of the research problem and relevant literature, the author can demonstrate their expertise and knowledge in the field.
Providing a structure for the paper: The introduction can also provide a structure for the rest of the paper. By outlining the main sections and sub-sections of the paper, the introduction can help the reader navigate the paper and find the information they are looking for.

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Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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Research Paper Format | APA, MLA, & Chicago Templates

Research Paper Format | APA, MLA, & Chicago Templates

Published on November 19, 2022 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on January 20, 2023.

The formatting of a research paper is different depending on which style guide you’re following. In addition to citations , APA, MLA, and Chicago provide format guidelines for things like font choices, page layout, format of headings and the format of the reference page.

Scribbr offers free Microsoft Word templates for the most common formats. Simply download and get started on your paper.

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Formatting an apa paper, formatting an mla paper, formatting a chicago paper, frequently asked questions about research paper formatting.

The main guidelines for formatting a paper in APA Style are as follows:

Use a standard font like 12 pt Times New Roman or 11 pt Arial.
Set 1 inch page margins.
Apply double line spacing.
If submitting for publication, insert a APA running head on every page.
Indent every new paragraph ½ inch.

Watch the video below for a quick guide to setting up the format in Google Docs.

The image below shows how to format an APA Style title page for a student paper.

APA title page - student version (7th edition)

Running head

If you are submitting a paper for publication, APA requires you to include a running head on each page. The image below shows you how this should be formatted.

For student papers, no running head is required unless you have been instructed to include one.

APA provides guidelines for formatting up to five levels of heading within your paper. Level 1 headings are the most general, level 5 the most specific.

Reference page

APA Style citation requires (author-date) APA in-text citations throughout the text and an APA Style reference page at the end. The image below shows how the reference page should be formatted.

Note that the format of reference entries is different depending on the source type. You can easily create your citations and reference list using the free APA Citation Generator.

Generate APA citations for free

Scribbr Citation Checker New

The AI-powered Citation Checker helps you avoid common mistakes such as:

Missing commas and periods
Incorrect usage of “et al.”
Ampersands (&) in narrative citations
Missing reference entries

The main guidelines for writing an MLA style paper are as follows:

Use an easily readable font like 12 pt Times New Roman.
Use title case capitalization for headings .

Check out the video below to see how to set up the format in Google Docs.

On the first page of an MLA paper, a heading appears above your title, featuring some key information:

Your full name
Your instructor’s or supervisor’s name
The course name or number
The due date of the assignment

Page header

A header appears at the top of each page in your paper, including your surname and the page number.

Works Cited page

MLA in-text citations appear wherever you refer to a source in your text. The MLA Works Cited page appears at the end of your text, listing all the sources used. It is formatted as shown below.

You can easily create your MLA citations and save your Works Cited list with the free MLA Citation Generator.

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The main guidelines for writing a paper in Chicago style (also known as Turabian style) are:

Use a standard font like 12 pt Times New Roman.
Use 1 inch margins or larger.
Place page numbers in the top right or bottom center.

Chicago doesn’t require a title page , but if you want to include one, Turabian (based on Chicago) presents some guidelines. Lay out the title page as shown below.

Bibliography or reference list

Chicago offers two citation styles : author-date citations plus a reference list, or footnote citations plus a bibliography. Choose one style or the other and use it consistently.

The reference list or bibliography appears at the end of the paper. Both styles present this page similarly in terms of formatting, as shown below.

To format a paper in APA Style , follow these guidelines:

Use a standard font like 12 pt Times New Roman or 11 pt Arial
Set 1 inch page margins
Apply double line spacing
Include a title page
If submitting for publication, insert a running head on every page
Indent every new paragraph ½ inch
Apply APA heading styles
Cite your sources with APA in-text citations
List all sources cited on a reference page at the end

The main guidelines for formatting a paper in MLA style are as follows:

Use an easily readable font like 12 pt Times New Roman
Include a four-line MLA heading on the first page
Center the paper’s title
Use title case capitalization for headings
Cite your sources with MLA in-text citations
List all sources cited on a Works Cited page at the end

The main guidelines for formatting a paper in Chicago style are to:

Use a standard font like 12 pt Times New Roman
Use 1 inch margins or larger
Place page numbers in the top right or bottom center
Cite your sources with author-date citations or Chicago footnotes
Include a bibliography or reference list

To automatically generate accurate Chicago references, you can use Scribbr’s free Chicago reference generator .

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Caulfield, J. (2023, January 20). Research Paper Format | APA, MLA, & Chicago Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved April 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/research-paper/research-paper-format/

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13.1 Formatting a Research Paper

Learning objectives.

Identify the major components of a research paper written using American Psychological Association (APA) style.
Apply general APA style and formatting conventions in a research paper.

In this chapter, you will learn how to use APA style , the documentation and formatting style followed by the American Psychological Association, as well as MLA style , from the Modern Language Association. There are a few major formatting styles used in academic texts, including AMA, Chicago, and Turabian:

AMA (American Medical Association) for medicine, health, and biological sciences
APA (American Psychological Association) for education, psychology, and the social sciences
Chicago—a common style used in everyday publications like magazines, newspapers, and books
MLA (Modern Language Association) for English, literature, arts, and humanities
Turabian—another common style designed for its universal application across all subjects and disciplines

While all the formatting and citation styles have their own use and applications, in this chapter we focus our attention on the two styles you are most likely to use in your academic studies: APA and MLA.

If you find that the rules of proper source documentation are difficult to keep straight, you are not alone. Writing a good research paper is, in and of itself, a major intellectual challenge. Having to follow detailed citation and formatting guidelines as well may seem like just one more task to add to an already-too-long list of requirements.

Following these guidelines, however, serves several important purposes. First, it signals to your readers that your paper should be taken seriously as a student’s contribution to a given academic or professional field; it is the literary equivalent of wearing a tailored suit to a job interview. Second, it shows that you respect other people’s work enough to give them proper credit for it. Finally, it helps your reader find additional materials if he or she wishes to learn more about your topic.

Furthermore, producing a letter-perfect APA-style paper need not be burdensome. Yes, it requires careful attention to detail. However, you can simplify the process if you keep these broad guidelines in mind:

Work ahead whenever you can. Chapter 11 “Writing from Research: What Will I Learn?” includes tips for keeping track of your sources early in the research process, which will save time later on.
Get it right the first time. Apply APA guidelines as you write, so you will not have much to correct during the editing stage. Again, putting in a little extra time early on can save time later.
Use the resources available to you. In addition to the guidelines provided in this chapter, you may wish to consult the APA website at http://www.apa.org or the Purdue University Online Writing lab at http://owl.english.purdue.edu , which regularly updates its online style guidelines.

General Formatting Guidelines

This chapter provides detailed guidelines for using the citation and formatting conventions developed by the American Psychological Association, or APA. Writers in disciplines as diverse as astrophysics, biology, psychology, and education follow APA style. The major components of a paper written in APA style are listed in the following box.

These are the major components of an APA-style paper:

Body, which includes the following:

Headings and, if necessary, subheadings to organize the content
In-text citations of research sources
References page

All these components must be saved in one document, not as separate documents.

The title page of your paper includes the following information:

Title of the paper
Author’s name
Name of the institution with which the author is affiliated
Header at the top of the page with the paper title (in capital letters) and the page number (If the title is lengthy, you may use a shortened form of it in the header.)

List the first three elements in the order given in the previous list, centered about one third of the way down from the top of the page. Use the headers and footers tool of your word-processing program to add the header, with the title text at the left and the page number in the upper-right corner. Your title page should look like the following example.

Beyond the Hype: Evaluating Low-Carb Diets cover page

The next page of your paper provides an abstract , or brief summary of your findings. An abstract does not need to be provided in every paper, but an abstract should be used in papers that include a hypothesis. A good abstract is concise—about one hundred fifty to two hundred fifty words—and is written in an objective, impersonal style. Your writing voice will not be as apparent here as in the body of your paper. When writing the abstract, take a just-the-facts approach, and summarize your research question and your findings in a few sentences.

In Chapter 12 “Writing a Research Paper” , you read a paper written by a student named Jorge, who researched the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets. Read Jorge’s abstract. Note how it sums up the major ideas in his paper without going into excessive detail.

Write an abstract summarizing your paper. Briefly introduce the topic, state your findings, and sum up what conclusions you can draw from your research. Use the word count feature of your word-processing program to make sure your abstract does not exceed one hundred fifty words.

Depending on your field of study, you may sometimes write research papers that present extensive primary research, such as your own experiment or survey. In your abstract, summarize your research question and your findings, and briefly indicate how your study relates to prior research in the field.

Margins, Pagination, and Headings

APA style requirements also address specific formatting concerns, such as margins, pagination, and heading styles, within the body of the paper. Review the following APA guidelines.

Use these general guidelines to format the paper:

Set the top, bottom, and side margins of your paper at 1 inch.
Use double-spaced text throughout your paper.
Use a standard font, such as Times New Roman or Arial, in a legible size (10- to 12-point).
Use continuous pagination throughout the paper, including the title page and the references section. Page numbers appear flush right within your header.
Section headings and subsection headings within the body of your paper use different types of formatting depending on the level of information you are presenting. Additional details from Jorge’s paper are provided.

Begin formatting the final draft of your paper according to APA guidelines. You may work with an existing document or set up a new document if you choose. Include the following:

Your title page
The abstract you created in Note 13.8 “Exercise 1”
Correct headers and page numbers for your title page and abstract

APA style uses section headings to organize information, making it easy for the reader to follow the writer’s train of thought and to know immediately what major topics are covered. Depending on the length and complexity of the paper, its major sections may also be divided into subsections, sub-subsections, and so on. These smaller sections, in turn, use different heading styles to indicate different levels of information. In essence, you are using headings to create a hierarchy of information.

The following heading styles used in APA formatting are listed in order of greatest to least importance:

Section headings use centered, boldface type. Headings use title case, with important words in the heading capitalized.
Subsection headings use left-aligned, boldface type. Headings use title case.
The third level uses left-aligned, indented, boldface type. Headings use a capital letter only for the first word, and they end in a period.
The fourth level follows the same style used for the previous level, but the headings are boldfaced and italicized.
The fifth level follows the same style used for the previous level, but the headings are italicized and not boldfaced.

Visually, the hierarchy of information is organized as indicated in Table 13.1 “Section Headings” .

Table 13.1 Section Headings

A college research paper may not use all the heading levels shown in Table 13.1 “Section Headings” , but you are likely to encounter them in academic journal articles that use APA style. For a brief paper, you may find that level 1 headings suffice. Longer or more complex papers may need level 2 headings or other lower-level headings to organize information clearly. Use your outline to craft your major section headings and determine whether any subtopics are substantial enough to require additional levels of headings.

Working with the document you developed in Note 13.11 “Exercise 2” , begin setting up the heading structure of the final draft of your research paper according to APA guidelines. Include your title and at least two to three major section headings, and follow the formatting guidelines provided above. If your major sections should be broken into subsections, add those headings as well. Use your outline to help you.

Because Jorge used only level 1 headings, his Exercise 3 would look like the following:

Citation Guidelines

In-text citations.

Throughout the body of your paper, include a citation whenever you quote or paraphrase material from your research sources. As you learned in Chapter 11 “Writing from Research: What Will I Learn?” , the purpose of citations is twofold: to give credit to others for their ideas and to allow your reader to follow up and learn more about the topic if desired. Your in-text citations provide basic information about your source; each source you cite will have a longer entry in the references section that provides more detailed information.

In-text citations must provide the name of the author or authors and the year the source was published. (When a given source does not list an individual author, you may provide the source title or the name of the organization that published the material instead.) When directly quoting a source, it is also required that you include the page number where the quote appears in your citation.

This information may be included within the sentence or in a parenthetical reference at the end of the sentence, as in these examples.

Epstein (2010) points out that “junk food cannot be considered addictive in the same way that we think of psychoactive drugs as addictive” (p. 137).

Here, the writer names the source author when introducing the quote and provides the publication date in parentheses after the author’s name. The page number appears in parentheses after the closing quotation marks and before the period that ends the sentence.

Addiction researchers caution that “junk food cannot be considered addictive in the same way that we think of psychoactive drugs as addictive” (Epstein, 2010, p. 137).

Here, the writer provides a parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence that includes the author’s name, the year of publication, and the page number separated by commas. Again, the parenthetical citation is placed after the closing quotation marks and before the period at the end of the sentence.

As noted in the book Junk Food, Junk Science (Epstein, 2010, p. 137), “junk food cannot be considered addictive in the same way that we think of psychoactive drugs as addictive.”

Here, the writer chose to mention the source title in the sentence (an optional piece of information to include) and followed the title with a parenthetical citation. Note that the parenthetical citation is placed before the comma that signals the end of the introductory phrase.

David Epstein’s book Junk Food, Junk Science (2010) pointed out that “junk food cannot be considered addictive in the same way that we think of psychoactive drugs as addictive” (p. 137).

Another variation is to introduce the author and the source title in your sentence and include the publication date and page number in parentheses within the sentence or at the end of the sentence. As long as you have included the essential information, you can choose the option that works best for that particular sentence and source.

Citing a book with a single author is usually a straightforward task. Of course, your research may require that you cite many other types of sources, such as books or articles with more than one author or sources with no individual author listed. You may also need to cite sources available in both print and online and nonprint sources, such as websites and personal interviews. Chapter 13 “APA and MLA Documentation and Formatting” , Section 13.2 “Citing and Referencing Techniques” and Section 13.3 “Creating a References Section” provide extensive guidelines for citing a variety of source types.

Writing at Work

APA is just one of several different styles with its own guidelines for documentation, formatting, and language usage. Depending on your field of interest, you may be exposed to additional styles, such as the following:

MLA style. Determined by the Modern Languages Association and used for papers in literature, languages, and other disciplines in the humanities.
Chicago style. Outlined in the Chicago Manual of Style and sometimes used for papers in the humanities and the sciences; many professional organizations use this style for publications as well.
Associated Press (AP) style. Used by professional journalists.

References List

The brief citations included in the body of your paper correspond to the more detailed citations provided at the end of the paper in the references section. In-text citations provide basic information—the author’s name, the publication date, and the page number if necessary—while the references section provides more extensive bibliographical information. Again, this information allows your reader to follow up on the sources you cited and do additional reading about the topic if desired.

The specific format of entries in the list of references varies slightly for different source types, but the entries generally include the following information:

The name(s) of the author(s) or institution that wrote the source
The year of publication and, where applicable, the exact date of publication
The full title of the source
For books, the city of publication
For articles or essays, the name of the periodical or book in which the article or essay appears
For magazine and journal articles, the volume number, issue number, and pages where the article appears
For sources on the web, the URL where the source is located

The references page is double spaced and lists entries in alphabetical order by the author’s last name. If an entry continues for more than one line, the second line and each subsequent line are indented five spaces. Review the following example. ( Chapter 13 “APA and MLA Documentation and Formatting” , Section 13.3 “Creating a References Section” provides extensive guidelines for formatting reference entries for different types of sources.)

In APA style, book and article titles are formatted in sentence case, not title case. Sentence case means that only the first word is capitalized, along with any proper nouns.

Key Takeaways

Following proper citation and formatting guidelines helps writers ensure that their work will be taken seriously, give proper credit to other authors for their work, and provide valuable information to readers.
Working ahead and taking care to cite sources correctly the first time are ways writers can save time during the editing stage of writing a research paper.
APA papers usually include an abstract that concisely summarizes the paper.
APA papers use a specific headings structure to provide a clear hierarchy of information.
In APA papers, in-text citations usually include the name(s) of the author(s) and the year of publication.
In-text citations correspond to entries in the references section, which provide detailed bibliographical information about a source.

Time to recap…. And there you have it – the traditional dissertation structure and layout , from A-Z. To recap, the core structure for a dissertation or thesis is (typically) as follows: Title page. Acknowledgments page. Abstract (or executive summary) Table of contents, list of figures and tables.

Craft an enticing and engaging opening section. Provide a background and context to the study. Clearly define the research problem. State your research aims, objectives and questions. Explain the significance of your study. Identify the limitations of your research . Outline the structure of your dissertation or thesis.

Table of contents. Step 1 : Introduce your topic. Step 2: Describe the background. Step 3: Establish your research problem. Step 4: Specify your objective (s) Step 5: Map out your paper. Research paper introduction examples. Frequently asked questions about the research paper introduction.

Example 1 : Passive construction. The passive voice is a common choice for outlines and overviews because the context makes it clear who is carrying out the action (e.g., you are conducting the research ). However, overuse of the passive voice can make your text vague and imprecise. Example: Passive construction.

Research Paper Introduction Examples could be: Example 1 : In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly prevalent in various industries, including healthcare. AI algorithms are being developed to assist with medical diagnoses, treatment recommendations, and patient monitoring.

Formatting a Chicago paper. The main guidelines for writing a paper in Chicago style (also known as Turabian style) are: Use a standard font like 12 pt Times New Roman. Use 1 inch margins or larger. Apply double line spacing. Indent every new paragraph ½ inch. Place page numbers in the top right or bottom center.

Set the top, bottom, and side margins of your paper at 1 inch. Use double-spaced text throughout your paper. Use a standard font, such as Times New Roman or Arial, in a legible size (10- to 12-point). Use continuous pagination throughout the paper, including the title page and the references section.

Since you have used the word " chapter ," I assume that you are referring to a project proposal/report or thesis. Typically, chapter one of a research project proposal or thesis includes the following components: Study background. Statement of the problem. Purpose of the study. Research question (s)

Chapter 1 . A Complete Dissertation 7 purpose, or it does not stand alone as a document. Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter situates the study in the con-text of previous research and scholarly mate - rial pertaining to the topic, presents a critical synthesis of empirical literature according to relevant themes or variables, justifies how

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Tolerance of Rasool (SAW)

Translation into Urdu

Exercise Question Answers

Make Noun From Verbs

Fill in the Blanks

Choose the correct answer, class : 8th class, subject : english, chapter : tolerance of rasool saw, topic : translation into urdu.

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write a short essay on the kindness of Rasool
SOLUTION: Class 8 Chapter 1 Tolerance Of The Rasool (P.B.U.H)
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SOLUTION: Class 8 Chapter 1 Tolerance Of The Rasool (P.B.U.H)
Lecture No 1, Tolerance of Rasool PBUH, Subject English 8th class
Tolerance of Rasool- English 08- 1/2

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10 Lines on Tolerance || Essay on Tolerance in English || Tolerance Essay Writing || Tolerance Essay
Essay Tolerance of the Rasool || in English || 2023 ||@MominaLodhi
Class 8th English Translation Lesson 01
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Tolerance of The Rasoolullah PBUH

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The religion Islam brought by Prophet Muhammad (SAW) is a religion of forgiveness, love, and tolerance. Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) has been mentioned in these words: "And We have not sent you forth but as a mercy to mankind." (Quran, Al-Anbiyaa: 107). Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) sent as a mercy for all mankind. The tolerance that Prophet ...
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Tolerance was regarded of un-religious, if not irreligious. Before the coming of Islam it had never been preached as an essential part of religion. For the Muslims, Judaism, Christianity and Islam are but three forms of one religion, which, in its original purity, was the religion of Abraham: Al-Islam, that perfect Self-Surrender to the Will of ...
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Allah عَزَّ وَجَلَّ sent the beloved Rasool صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّمَ full of mercy and kindness for all the worlds. As He عَزَّ وَجَلَّ says in Quran: وَ مَاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ اِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعٰلَمِیْنَ(۱۰۷) "And We did not send you (O beloved ...
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The observance of tolerance on all levels is undoubtedly, a major component of the foundation of Islam's legislation and enhances the methodology employed by Muslims in implementing and promoting this legislation. Accordingly, countless discussions on tolerance exist in the scholarly works produced by Muslims since the demise of the Prophet Muḥammad (peace and blessings of Allāh be upon ...
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The kindness and compassion of Rasool are widely known. Prophet Rasool took after Allah's example by always being kind to his servants and all creatures (including animals, birds, and insects) without any regard for their beliefs, colour (ethnicity or race), caste, creed, nationality, sex, age, or gender. Prophet Rasool believed in being kind ...
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tolerance of the rasool essay. Share on Facebook Share on Twitter. 1-718-208-4590. 905-487-8501, 0203-002-0934, prophet muhammad (saw) master of tolerance | love and tolerance for mankind. Tolerance is the basic principle of Islam. It is our religious and moral duty to follow the basic principles of Islam in which tolerance also comes.
Tolerance and intolerance: Cultural meanings and discursive usage
Thus, the concept of tolerance is widely embraced across many settings for many sorts of differences (e.g., race, ethnicity, religion, and sexuality), and across a diverse ideological and left-right political field (Brown, 2006).However, our ability to create, evaluate, and implement appropriate policies is limited by tolerance and intolerance having various meanings that can be used in ...
Exercise Question Answers 8th Class English Lesson 1 Tolerance of
cbse class 8 english chapter 1 summary ncert solutions for class 8 english honeydew chapter 2 ncert solutions for class 8 english honeydew chapter 1 pdf ncert solutions for class 8 english supplementary Exercise Question Answers 8th Class English Lesson 1 Tolerance of Rasool (SAW) Online Video Lecture
Essay Tolerance of the Rasool || in English || 2023
Essay Tolerance of the Rasool in English ........Music: RemasteredMusician: Guitar_ObsessionURL: https://pixabay.com/music/melody-remastered-116741/........#...
Muhammad-ur-Rasool Allah
Muhammad-ur-Rasool Allah - The beloved slave of Allah!-In the pagan society of Arabia, a child was born to a pious widow. To the misguided people of that land this birth opened a window. To let the rays of knowledge light up their lives of ignorance. To help them understand the essence of truth, love and kindness-
Translation into Urdu 8th Class English Lesson 1 Tolerance of Rasool
Topic : Translation into urdu. Delicious. Google +. Complete Book Introduction. Tolerance of Rasool (SAW) A Dialogue. On the Ocean (Poem) An Exhibition. Magic Show.