what does assignment mean in zulu

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isiZulu.net: Bilingual Zulu-English dictionary

Pinned: a side note on papers.

If you mention the dictionary in a paper, lecture etc. I'd be happy to receive an advance copy along with your comments.

2012-07-04: isiZulu.net presented at AFRILEX 2012

isiZulu.net is used as a reference work in the evaluation of a Lëtzebuergesch-German online dictionary at the AFRILEX Conference 2012 .

2012-02-08: Browser search plug-in

You can add isiZulu.net as a search engine to browsers supporting OpenSearch (e.g. Firefox).

2011-07-16: Dictionary query API

The dictionary offers a REST interface that returns JSON data. To use it you need an API key that you can request by e-mail .

2011-06-10: isiZulu.net presented at AFRILEX 2011

There will be a talk about isiZulu.net given at the AFRILEX Conference in July. A Quantum of Fame. :-)

2011-05-14: Mobile website available

By popular demand there is now a mobile website as well.

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English to Zulu Meaning of assignment - isabelo

for ASSIGNMENT ,

I'm waiting for word on an ASSIGNMENT that will take me far away from the capital.

who got a check-plus on her first homework ASSIGNMENT ...

Meaning and definitions of assignment, translation in Zulu language for assignment with similar and opposite words. Also find spoken pronunciation of assignment in Zulu and in English language.

What assignment means in Zulu, assignment meaning in Zulu, assignment definition, examples and pronunciation of assignment in Zulu language.

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• Isizulu.net : Zulu-English dictionary

• Useful Zulu medical dictionary by Jason Wolfe (1993)

• Unisa : Zulu-English vocabulary by topics & common phrases (+ audio)

• Zulu-English dictionary by Clement Doke & Benedict Vilakazi (1972)

• Zulu-English dictionary & synopsis of Zulu grammar & concise history of the Zulu people from the most ancient times , by Alfred Bryant (1905)

• Zulu-English dictionary by John Colenso (1905) + 1884 edition

• English-Zulu dictionary by Charles Roberts (1904) + 1895 edition

• English-Zulu Dictionary by James Perrin (1890)

• A Kafir-English dictionary of the Zulu-Kafir language , as spoken by the tribes of the colony of Natal (1855)

• A Zulu-Kafir dictionary , etymologically explained , by Jacob-Ludwig Döhne (1857)

• Metaphor in Zulu : problems in the translation of Biblical metaphor in the Book of Amos , by Eric Hermanson (2006)

• IsiZulu names for insects : IziNambuzane , by Ben Khumalo-Seegelken, in South African Journal of Science (2014) NEW

• Isizulu.net : pronunciation (+ audio)

• basic grammar : nouns & verbs

• A linguistic analysis of SowetanZulu and Sowetan Tsotsi by Hilde Gunnink, master thesis (2012)

• Zulu grammar for beginners by P. A. Stuart (1940)

• Lessons in Zulu by Fred Suter (~1910)

• The Zulu-Kafir language simplified for beginners , by Charles Roberts (1902)

• A Zulu manual or vade-mecum, being a companion volume to The Zulu-Kafir language and the English-Zulu dictionary (1900)

• First steps in Zulu-Kafir : an abridgement of the elementary grammar of the Zulu-Kafir language , by John Colenso (1859)

• The Isizulu , Grammar of the Zoulou language , by Lewis Grout (1859)

• First steps in Zulu , Elementary grammar of the Zulu language , by John William Colenso (1882)

• books about the Zulu language: Google books | Internet archive | Academia | Wikipedia

• Nursery tales, traditions, and histories of the Zulus , in their own words, with a translation into English , by Henry Callaway (1868)

• Izinyanga zokubula or Divination, as existing among the Amazulu, The religious system of the Amazulu , with a translation into English, by Henry Callaway (1885)

• Ibaible eli ingcwele : The Holy Bible translated into the Zulu language (1883)

• Incwadi ka Genesise : the Book of Genesis translated into Zulu (1863)

• Ivangeli ngokuloba ku ka Johane : Gospel of John (1860)

• Ukuhamba nokufundisa kuka Jesu Kristu , published by the American Zulu Mission (1907)

• Incwadi yamagama : book of hymns, published by the American Zulu Mission (1841)

Bonke abantu bazalwa bekhululekile belingana ngesithunzi nangamalungelo. Bahlanganiswe wumcabango nangunembeza futhi kufanele baphathane ngomoya wobunye.

• Umbhalo ogcwele lwamalungelo oluntu jikelele : translation into Zulu (+ audio)

→ First article in different languages

→ Universal Declaration of Human Rights : bilingual text in Zulu, Afrikaans, English & other languages

→ South Africa : maps & documents

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English Zulu Dictionary

assignment in Zulu:

Other words beginning with "a", assignment in other dictionaries.

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Izilungiselelo

Isivinini sezwi, ukuhumusha umbhalo, ulimi lombhalo, imiphumela yokuhumusha, ukuhumusha idokhumenti, hudula udedele.

Ukuhunyushwa kwewebhusayithi

Ukuhumusha umfanekiso, kulondoloziwe.

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Zulu Phrases and Common Expressions

This page contains a table including the following: Zulu phrases, expressions and words in Zulu, conversation and idioms, Zulu greetings, and survival phrases. It also helps if you simply want to know what to say when chatting in Zulu!

Most of the sentences below are used for everyday life conversations, so they might come handy if you memorize them.

I hope the content of this page was useful to you, and that you learned some Zulu phrases, expressions and words. Make sure to memorize them to be able to use them in your daily conversation.

Assignment in English. Assignment Meaning and Translation from Zulu

• colligentes momentum
• convolution
• omnino necessarium
• praeexistente

Translation of "meaning" into Zulu

injongo, unglishi are the top translations of "meaning" into Zulu. Sample translated sentence: Cleanliness —What Does It Really Mean? ↔ Inhlanzeko—Isho Ukuthini Ngempela?

Present participle of mean. [..]

English-Zulu dictionary

Having found no true meaning in life, she felt so despondent that she considered taking her own life.

Njengoba ayengayitholi injongo yangempela yokuphila, waphelelwa yithemba, wayesecabanga ukuzibulala.

what the source or sender expresses, communicates, or conveys in their message to the observer or receiver, and what the receiver infers from the current context

Show algorithmically generated translations

Automatic translations of " meaning " into Zulu

Phrases similar to "meaning" with translations into zulu.

• means icebo · isu · umuthi

Translations of "meaning" into Zulu in sentences, translation memory

• Understanding the ZuluMites Methodology
• Learning a language

We are often asked why our ZuluMites teachers only speak Zulu to the children. Through both extensive research, and based on our own experience, we know that a complete immersion in the target language to be the most effective way to learn language for the following reasons:

Functional Language Ability

ZuluMites is focused on developing functional language ability. We believe that children will only use the language if they develop an identity and a sense of ownership of the language. We do not see any value in the rote learning of vocabulary that has no context, and cannot be used by the child. By speaking only in Zulu, the child is exposed to vocabulary in its correct context; as part of a full Zulu sentence. This enables the child to grasp the rhythm, tone and pitch of the language in context.

Obviously our sentences are modified to slow, simplified speech, combined with actions and visual cues in the early stages of learning (much like someone would acquire their first language). There is also much repetition of these sentences across contexts, so children get familiar with sentence structure and are sensitive to the minor changes as they happen: i.e. “I jump, you jump, we jump” “I sit, you sit, we sit” Throughout our programme, they are seeing real life settings in which they can use their Zulu ability and grow in speaking confidence (because they have to) instead of simply learning a list of words for no reason, or learning grammar structures of sentences they cannot yet construct themselves.

The Child’s Ability

A child’s brain is more than capable of making language associations and meaning from a complete immersion environment, and we do our children a disservice thinking that they need everything to be explained to them, or that they cannot function in the world unless they understand everything around them. This is certainly not the case when children learn their first language, nor is it true when acquiring second and third languages. When we give space for children to connect songs to words, and for their brains to work things out for themselves, we ensure they will both use and remember the vocabulary in the future.

ZuluMites uses songs, games, actions, pictures, visual objects, repetition and routine to ensure that all the scaffolding is in place for connections to be made in a child’s brain and for them to recall and remember useful vocabulary. You do not need to explain that “Ngi” means “I” in a sentence, because when you point to yourself and say “Ngi” – this is adequate association for a child’s brain to make the connection for itself.

Although learning a new language is mentally taxing, and none of us like the feeling of discomfort or being lost, it is a vital step towards inherent motivation (ask anyone who has ever travelled to a foreign country and needed to buy their own dinner). In order to progress, a season of not being able to understand or communicate effectively must be endured. This uncomfortable state is where real learning takes place – when the child is forced to draw deeply on what they know, to look for clues, and to make educated assumptions about what is being said. This is a very good skill, not just for language learning but for general mental and cognitive development.

Dominance of Zulu language and Culture

It is natural for the English children to want to speak English to their teacher and to each other, as this is the language they are most comfortable in and takes the least amount of effort. But by allowing English to take precedence in the Zulu classroom, we are perpetuating the idea that English is the more dominant language in any setting.

We believe that it is the role of the Zulu teacher to push back on that dominance and promote the learning of his/her language as equally valuable and necessary for the students. By using English in the classroom, we inforce the belief that Zulu is of no great importance or use, and is merely a subject of academic interest – because Zulu people will speak to you in English anyway.

Only by speaking Zulu in the class can the children be convinced that the language is of value, both culturally and functionally, and should therefore be respected, and an effort made to attain it.

By creating a Zulu-only environment, and discouraging the use of English, children are forced to struggle through the process of communicating in the target language which is a key step in developing functional ability. Without this necessity, a child is simply unmotivated to learn the language. The brain is highly efficient, and will not retain information it does not have to (a prime example of this would be the fact that people no longer remember cell phone numbers from memory, because our brains know that we are seldom without our cell phones and our contacts).

By creating a “forced necessity” we are communicating to our brains to stay engaged in the class, retain information, manipulate it accordingly and respond appropriately. This kind of necessity does not come from an English speaking environment, and instead must be deliberately constructed by the Zulu teacher. This will mean that communication is mostly ‘one-way’ (teacher to child) in the early stages, but through persistence the child will developsuperior language ability compared to those taught using English, as research suggests. One of the main reasons that South African schools have been unsuccessful in teaching children to speak Zulu is because they are using English to teach it, and not providing this necessity to speak.

Time in the language

Another reason why children are not acquiring Zulu (or any other) language is that there is not sufficient time exposed to that language. Research supports that children require enough exposure to a language before they can become proficient to a certain level; but if we are using our class time with a dedicated Zulu speaker to explain things in English, we are dwindling our already slim exposure to Zulu down even further. If in a 30 min lesson, a child actually hears 30 min of only isiZulu, they will acquire the language much faster and with more competence than a child who, in a 30 min Zulu lesson, only hears 10 words of Zulu amongst predominantly English sentences.

The ZuluMites methodology is radically different to the Zulu teaching happening in most schools in South Africa today, because it is results-driven.

Our Zulu-only teaching environment is our significant value-add, going against the traditional way of teaching second languages that has been ineffective over the years. We can assure parents, that while our approach is so different, it is coupled with fun and energy, delivered by specially trained Zulu teachers, who take pride in their language and culture and pass that passion onto their students.

When it comes to language, ZuluMites is based on the philosophy that language is part of life and cannot be taught in isolation. By combining language learning with an activity, it is both more memorable and more fun! By giving children a reason to speak the language and an environment where they can use it is, we believe, the best classroom model for teaching language. We make learning isiZulu accessible, fun and practical, with a focus on younger learners. Our methodology leverages high teacher to student ratio, native speakers, a full immersion environment, and a practical activities-based curriculum that we have developed ourselves.

Should you have any further questions about our methodology, please do not hesitate to be in touch.

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Zulu (isiZulu) is a southern Bantoid language spoken in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa (formerly called Zululand). The Zulu people are thought to have migrated to this area along the east coast of Africa and through central Africa before the 16th century. When they came into contact with Khoisan -speaking people, the Zulus adopted some of the vocabulary, and the click consonants of the Khoisan languages. The first grammar of Zulu was published In 1859.

Zulu is closely related to Xhosa , Swati , and Ndebele . The three are mutually intelligible but are considered to be separate languages for political and cultural reasons. In fact, Zulu and Xhosa are similar enough linguistically to be considered dialects of one language, but the Zulu and Xhosa people consider themselves to be different people who speak different languages.

Zulu, is one of the 11 official languages of the Republic of South Africa where it is spoken by 11.7 6 million speakers as a first language and by an estimated 15.7 million speakers as a second language. Zulu is also spoken in Swaziland , Botswana, Lesotho , Malawi , and Mozambique . The population total for all countries is estimated at 27.7 million people ( Ethnologue ). Since Zulu is easily understood by speakers of Xhosa, Swati and Ndebele it is used as a lingua franca from Natal to Zimbabwe , often in its pidginized form called Fanagalo , a trade language that is widely used in towns and mining areas of South Africa.

The status of Zulu, like all other African languages in the Republic of South Africa, is complex. Zulu is used in primary schools up to the second grade and is studied as a subject in both primary and secondary schools up to the tenth grade. At the secondary level, instruction in schools serving Zulu-speaking students is in English. All education at the university level is in English or Afrikaans .

There has been a steady growth of Zulu publications since 1930. The South African Broadcasting Corporation has domestic television and radio in Zulu. A number of newspapers and magazines are published in either Zulu, or in a combination of Zulu and English.

Ethnologue identifies two dialects of Zulu: Lala and Qwabe.

Sound system

The phonology of Zulu is characterized by a simple vowel inventory and a complex system of consonants. Most syllables end in a vowel, and there are no consonant clusters.

There are five vowel phonemes, i.e., sounds that distinguish word meaning. Vowels can be either short or long. Although vowel length distinguishes word meaning, length is not represented in writing, except for â and ä .

Zulu has a complex system of consonants, including some uncommon ones.

1. Clicks Clicks are stops produced with two points of contact in the mouth: one forward and one in the back. The pocket of air produced by the resulting enclosure is rarefied by the sucking action of the tongue. Release of the forward closure results in a pop-like sound. There are five places of articulation at which click consonants occur. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, clicks are represented by placing the assigned symbol for the place of click articulation to the left of a symbol for a non-click sound at the same place of articulation.

Zulu has the following click consonants which can be modified in a variety of ways, such as aspirated, breathy-voiced or nasalized .

• /kǀ/ = dental click
• /kǁ/ = lateral alveolar click produced by the side of the tongue against the back of the side teeth (similar to the sound made when calling horses in English. In fact, the name Xhosa is pronounced as /’kǁʰ o:sa/.
• /kǃ/ = (post)alveolar click produced with the tip of the tongue against the roof of the mouth (like a cork pulled from a bottle).

2. Implosive consonants Implosive consonants are produced by inhaling rather than exhaling the air.

3. Breathy-voiced consonants Breathy-voiced consonants are produced when the vocal cords vibrate, as they do in normal voicing, but are held further apart, so that a volume of air escapes between them. This produces an audible noise. They are marked with a raised /ʱ/.

4. Ejective Ejective consonants are pronounced with simultaneous closure of the glottis, raising air pressure in the mouth, so that when the sound is released, there is a noticeable burst of air accompanying the release. They are marked with an apostrophe /’/.

Below is a table of Xhosa consonants. The red letters are orthographic representations of the sounds. The inventory is taken from Wikipedia .

• /ʃ/ = sh in shop
• /tʃ/ = ch in chop
• /c, ɟ, ɬ, ɮ, x, ɦ, ɣ̈/ have no equivalents in English

Zulu has two tones: high and low.

Zulu is an agglutinative language, i.e., grammatical functions are expressed by adding prefixes and suffixes to stems.

• Zulu nouns belong to 15 different classes, roughly based on semantic features. There are classes for human beings, animals, plants, objects of various shapes, etc. Not all noun classes can be easily defined. Each class has a different set of prefixes for marking numbers (singular and plural).
• There are no cases.
• There are no definite or indefinite articles.
• Gender is not marked.
• Adjectives, possessive pronouns and demonstratives agree with the noun they modify in class and number, e.g., abantu abaqatha ‘people strong’ where aba – is a noun class marker repeated in the modifier abaqatha ‘strong.’

Zulu verbs are highly inflected. Verbs consist of a root plus prefixes and suffixes that represent different verbal categories such as subject and object agreement, tense, causation, reciprocity, negation, and aspect. They appear in fixed order, much like in Xhosa.

The normal word order in Zulu is Verb-Object (the subject is part of the verb compound). Adjectives, possessive pronouns and demonstratives come after the noun they modify.

Zulu, Xhosa, Ndelebele and Swati share most of the basic vocabulary and grammar. Like other Southern Bantu languages, Zulu has borrowed words from the Khoisan languages, and from English and Afrikaans. Compare these equivalents of ‘What’s your name?’ in these four languages:

Below are a few common words and phrases in Zulu.

Below are Zulu numerals 1-10.

Zulu has a Roman-based orthography which was developed by Christian missionaries in the 19th century and adapted to represent the sounds of the language. Dental clicks are represented by the letter c , alveolar clicks are indicated by q, and lateral clicks are written with the letter x . Neither vowel length, nor tones are represented in writing.

Take a look at Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Zulu.

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Zulu words in English

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Zulu Time Conversion: Defining Zulu Time and GMT's Value

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The advent of rail, automotive and finally air travel — which sends thousands of planes hurtling through airspace at any given time — made it clear that we needed one standard time measurement was needed to keep all this transit on schedule.

Pilots can cross multiple time zones faster than other modes of transportation, so for the sake of safety, they needed to make sure everyone was aware of not only where each plane was, but also when it would be there. To do this, they make a Zulu Time conversion .

Origins of Zulu Time

Who uses zulu time, how to convert local time to zulu time.

In 1960, the International Radio Consultative Committee agreed upon one universal time for pilots and others to use as a fixed "time zone," so that everyone was on the same page.

Dubbed Zulu Time, this constant clock is officially the time in Greenwich, England, and is also known as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). In 1884, Greenwich was designated the point of 0 degrees longitude or the prime meridian. This is the point that divides the Eastern Hemisphere from the Western Hemisphere.

Why Greenwich?

Any city on Earth could have been designated the prime meridian, as it's really only an agreed-upon point for starting to measure directions both west and east. However, Greenwich, England, was selected because King Charles II had built an observatory there back in 1675 to tackle the problem.

Britain was still a major world power in 1884, when its delegates proposed Greenwich as the site for the prime meridian at an international conference, and the other nations went along with the idea.

The Name 'Zulu'

Zulu Time (officially called Coordinated Universal Time) was implemented in 1967. Since Greenwich is known as the "zero meridian," military and airline personnel starting using the word "Zulu" for this time, since the NATO or phonetic alphabet designates the letter "Z" as "Zulu" when people are speaking to each other and need to spell out a word and be sure it is understood.

In addition to being used by airline personnel and air traffic controllers, Zulu Time is also used by meteorologists tracking the weather, and in many internet and world wide web standards.

It's likely your computer was set to Zulu Time when you first bought it. You might see a weather report with a code like 072154Z. This means the report was done on the seventh day of the month at 21:54 Zulu Time.

The main thing to know about Zulu Time is that it is always the same, no matter where you are in the world. You're just at different points on it. Here's how to figure out your own personal version of Z-Time, based on where you are:

• Convert your time to the 24-hour version, like the U.S. military uses. For example, if it's 2 p.m. where you are, add 12 hours to the time to get a military time of 1400.
• Adjust for the time difference where you are, versus GMT. So, if you live in the Eastern Daylight Time zone, add four hours (because the eastern U.S. is four hours behind GMT). This makes your Zulu Time 1800Z.

Here's another example: If a plane were scheduled to leave Newark at 10:00 a.m. local time, and arrive in Los Angeles at 12:30 p.m. local time, this would be expressed as leaving Newark at 1400Z and arriving in Los Angeles at 1930Z. Los Angeles is on Pacific Time, which is currently three hours behind Eastern Time (where Newark is). So, we add four hours for Newark and seven hours for Los Angeles to get the Zulu Time or GMT.

The beauty of Zulu Time is that you don't have to wonder which time zone is being referred to when you see the time. And there is no a.m. or p.m. to worry about. Figuring out what the time is versus your local time does take some getting used to if you're not doing it regularly, but there are lots of apps and calculators on the web to help you figure things out.

Zulu Time (GMT) is also referred to as Zero Time, Z-Time and the more explanatory Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) . You might wonder why the abbreviation is not CUT. Blame it on the French: They said it should be TUC for Temps Universel Coordonné (French for Coordinated Universal Time). The compromise was to use an abbreviation that didn't favor either language: UTC.

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Zulu noun & adjective

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What does the word Zulu mean?

There are nine meanings listed in OED's entry for the word Zulu , one of which is considered offensive. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.

Zulu has developed meanings and uses in subjects including

How common is the word Zulu ?

How is the word zulu pronounced, british english, u.s. english, where does the word zulu come from.

Earliest known use

The earliest known use of the word Zulu is in the 1820s.

OED's earliest evidence for Zulu is from 1824, in a letter by F. G. Farewell.

Zulu is a borrowing from Zulu.

Etymons: Zulu ‑Zulu .

Nearby entries

• zucchetto, n. 1853–
• zucchini, n. 1929–
• zuche, n. 1358–1676
• Zuckerkandl, n. 1910–
• zufolo, n. 1724–
• zug, n. 1899–
• zugtrompete, n. 1978–
• Zugunruhe, n. 1950–
• Zugzwang, n. 1904–
• zule | zulis, n. 1780–
• Zulu, n. & adj. 1824–
• Zulu, v. 1882–
• Zuludom, n. 1867–
• Zulu hat, n. 1879–
• Zuluize, v. 1852–
• Zulu time, n. 1959–
• zumbador, n. 1758–64
• zumbi, n. 1704–
• zumboorukchee, n. 1840–
• Zuñi, n. 1834–
• zunyite, n. 1885–

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Meaning & use

Pronunciation, compounds & derived words, entry history for zulu, n. & adj..

Zulu, n. & adj. was revised in March 2023.

Zulu, n. & adj. was last modified in July 2023.

oed.com is a living text, updated every three months. Modifications may include:

• further revisions to definitions, pronunciation, etymology, headwords, variant spellings, quotations, and dates;
• new senses, phrases, and quotations.

Revisions and additions of this kind were last incorporated into Zulu, n. & adj. in July 2023.

Earlier versions of this entry were published in:

OED First Edition (1921)

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A Guide to Zulu Culture, Traditions, and Cuisine

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Planning a trip to South Africa? Make sure to learn about the Zulu people native to the South African region. Understand the culture of the people to enrich your Africa holiday with an immersive experience. Get up close with the local communities, participate in their traditions, and enjoy dancing the Zulu way!

So here is a lowdown on the famous Zulu people of South Africa who have the unique distinction of having featured in the pages of history for their military achievements.

Zulus – the warrior tribe of Kwa-Zulu Natal

Known for their military exploits in the 19 th century and their long drawn-out war against the British supremacy, the Zulus are the soul of South Africa. Their roots lie in the Nguni community of Central Africa that migrated southwards along the East Coast. They merged with local communities to be a part of the largest ethnic group of South Africa, the Bantus. This built the foundations of a powerful kingdom – the Kwa-Zulu Natal or “homeland of the Zulu people.”  The Zulus singularly changed the history and cultural dominance of South Africa. Even as several ethnic groups across Africa, foreigners from Europe and India chose to make the region their home, the Zulu remain the main ethnic people.

Today, although the Zulus live mostly in the Kwa-Zulu Natal, you will come across their presence in other parts of Africa like Zimbabwe, Tanzania and Zambia. So expect to hear their isiZulu dialect during your Africa excursions. Invariably your safari guide or driver will be a Zulu. So you must know that the Zulu people take pride in their distinctive heritage, despite close ethnic, linguistic and cultural ties with the Swazi and Xhos tribes. After all, they are the “people of the heavens”!

Culture of the Zulu people

The Zulus like to assert their might, beginning with the exercise of authority within their households. Men play the dominant role by taking care of the cattle, their wives, and the family; while the women take care of children, the hearth and the all-important beer-making. While men stick to the tradition of sitting on a hide or the shield as a mark of pride in their warfare ability, boys are introduced to their warrior heritage with stick-fighting at an early age.

The Zulu beadwork is an essential part of their cultural fabric. Beads are used as a form of communication and symbolism, with varying shapes and colors to connote different meanings. For instance, the direction of the tip in a triangular bead signifies whether a boy or girl is married.  So a married woman will wear beads fashioned with two triangles put together in a diamond shape, the fertility symbol of the Zulu community. Whereas married men wear beadwork with the two tips of triangles to form an hourglass shape. Beads are of seven colors, with each color representing emotions, spirituality and status in society. So you can expect to see single women adorning beadwork in white, representing purity; while a Zulu male wearing green beadwork shows contentment. The use of colour codes and shapes of beadwork are unique to the Zulu culture and societal norms. So the next time you are in a local market, think twice before buying a piece of beadwork. You may pick the wrong one and have men chasing you thinking you are available!

Zulu dances, a reflection of societal beliefs and warrior traditions

Drums are an essential part of Zulu celebrations, usually accompanied by dancing and chanting. The ingungu drum finds use in every traditional ritual and celebration, be it the onset of womanhood or a marriage ceremony. The dances in Zulu culture are thus found to celebrate significant moments of life. Every special occasion has a dance dedicated to mark the moment. The hunting dance using the spear aims at providing warriors courage before they venture out to hunt. Another dance uses a small shield to mark military unity amongst the men and is performed only on royal occasions. The Indlamu is another traditional war dance featuring two dancers stomping hard to the beats of drums, carried out at weddings. The Reed dance is a unique annual event where only unmarried girls dance holding a long reed above their heads.

Zulu traditions – an integral fabric of the Zulu society

As in any ancient culture, the Zulu culture is also based on spirituality and the power of ancestors. They are remembered throughout the passage of life – at birth, puberty, marriage and death. The Zulus have several rituals that pay homage to the soul of the departed and invoke their blessings. Herbs and animal sacrifice are commonly used to appease ancestral spirits.

Social disputes take on a warrior mode within the Zulu community. Duels are fought until the flow of blood decides the winner. This is yet another way that the Zulu people keep their warrior legacy

The Zulu attire – an expression of traditionalism and sustainability

The Zulu people like to dress minimally, just as they continue to live simple lives even in the 21 st century. Their choice of attire reflects their traditional ethos as well as their dependence upon nature. The attire of women symbolizes the age, marital status and eligibility of a girl. While a young girl sports short hair and wears short skirts of grass and beaded strings to show her single status and eligibility, the colors of the beads take on different hues as she progresses through womanhood and engagement. Once engaged, the Zulu woman covers her body and grows her hair as a mark of respect to her future in-laws, exhibiting her status of being engaged. Married women cover themselves with heavy knee-length cowhide skirts and wear hats.

Men use their attire and accessories to indicate their military prowess. This usually includes a warrior headband, worn only by married men. Regular attire uses animal skin and feather to cover various parts of the body, albeit minimally. The skin used is symbolic of the social status of the Zulu man. For instance, the skin of a leopard is used only by the royal family or tribal heads. While the amambatha covers shoulders; the ibheshu , injobo and isinene cover the lower half.

Zulu cuisine

The cuisine of the Zulu tribe mirrors their rich history and culture. Despite their lives in the midst of wilderness and wildlife, the Zulus usually have vegetarian food comprising of grains and vegetables. Animals like the ox are only slaughtered as sacrifice on special occasions. Maize and sorghum based pap traditional African porridge, beer and fermented milk; are integral to every Zulu household. Food portions of meat dishes mirror the age and social status of the men.

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MLB Trade Rumors

Twins Designate Matt Bowman For Assignment

By Darragh McDonald | April 30, 2024 at 2:00pm CDT

The Twins announced that right-hander Jhoan Duran has been reinstated from the injured list, as had been reported on earlier this week. In a corresponding move, right-hander Matt Bowman has been designated for assignment.

Bowman, 33 next month, signed a minor league deal with the Twins in the offseason. He was added to the 40-man roster just over two weeks ago, after throwing six scoreless frames in Triple-A, and has since pitched 7 2/3 innings over five appearances in the majors.

He only allowed two earned runs in that time, which is why his earned run average looks nice right now at 2.35. However, the underlying metrics have been less impressive. He has six strikeouts and four walks, leading to respective rates of 19.4% and 12.9% thus far. His 57.9% ground ball rate is strong but he wasn’t going to maintain a .056 batting average on balls in play nor a 90.9% strand rate. That’s why his 5.64 FIP and 4.38 SIERA are much higher than his ERA in this small sample.

Since Bowman is out of options, the Twins had to remove him from the 40-man roster entirely in order to open an active roster spot for Duran. They will now have one week to trade Bowman or pass him through waivers. If the latter scenario were to come to pass, he has over three years of service time, giving him the right to reject an outright assignment and elect free agency instead. However, he doesn’t have five years of service, meaning he would have to forfeit the remainder of this $925K salary to return to the open market.

Elbow injuries, including Tommy John surgery, prevented Bowman from pitching in official game action from 2020 to 2022. He was able to return to the mound last year, tossing 58 2/3 innings for the Triple-A club of the Yankees with a 3.99 ERA. He struck out 22.6% of batters faced in that time while giving out walks at an 11.7% rate and getting grounders at an 51.9% clip. He also tossed four innings for the Yanks in the majors but was outrighted after the season, which allowed him to sign with the Twins.

12 Comments

4 hours ago

What’s his assignment?

Free to a good home. Kidding on that of course, but lots being left out with regards to this guy last few days on this site. Something has been going on behind the scenes regarding him.

Team doesn’t just DFA a cheaply controlled, 26yo closer, who happens to dominate 2y straight, sit 100+mph, coming back from injury (now) or not who still has an option year.

no.. there has to be at least 1 serious wart with this guy. Twins fans might know, some hardcore fans of theirs.

Was wondering the same thing.. makes no sense to DFA this guy.

2 hours ago

Who, Bowman? Are people reading this way different than I am?

Matt Bowman is a 4A reliever ever since Mike Matheny destroyed his arm from 2016-2017. He had bad peripheral numbers that were prime for regression

I watched the guy this year. Great break on his stuff. I think it just comes down to this – our bullpen is stacked. Justin Topa is due to finish rehab soon too.

3 hours ago

Sure they do, it’s the entire point of the 40 man roster. The Twins used him to cover a short term need brought on when several of their MLB-ready relievers went on the DL at the same time. Instead of bringing up someone who was not ready they added a throw-away guy who they could try to pass back through waivers rather than risk losing someone younger they care about, like Festa for example.

Also, Bowman is not the guy you’re describing, which is why he was freely available last winter. He could definitely be an improvement for a lot of bad bullpens, so I expect he’ll be grabbed (Hello Chicago!) but better him than one of the youngsters they don’t want to start the clock on.

You do realize they are DFA-ing Bowman, not Duran, right?

I feel like Duran coming back is the bigger news for the headline.

I believe that’s called “Burying the lede.”

Man poor Matt Bomer………oh wait

45 seconds ago

Yankees have their Tonkin replacement.

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