Thesis degree plan
10. Schedule thesis defense prior to semester deadline to hold defense (see Graduation website)
Student Responsibility (with Supervising Professor approval)
Supervising Committee
Semester of graduation
Thesis degree plan
11. After the thesis defense, submit signed Final Master’s Exam Report
Student Responsibility
Office of Admissions and Records via
Prior to semester deadline to complete all degree requirements
Thesis degree plan
12. Complete all required revisions to thesis and obtain approval to submit final copy
Student Responsibility
Supervising
Committee /Chair of
Supervising
Committee
Prior to semester deadline to all complete degree requirements
Thesis degree plan
13.After completing all required revisions to the thesis, submit a final PDF to the Digital Publishing Team at UTA Libraries
Student Responsibility (with approval of supervising committee)
Prior to semester deadline listed here:
348 University Administration Building 701 S. Nedderman Drive Box 19185 Arlington, TX 76019 USA
Phone: 817-272-5164
Thesis & dissertation formatting process.
To complete your format check submission, you must complete every registration step and fully submit your thesis or dissertation to the website listed below.
Dissertations and theses turned in as a part of the graduation requirements at Loyola University Chicago must be formatted according to the rules laid out in the Format Manual for Theses and Dissertations created by the Graduate School.
To ensure that theses/dissertations are formatted correctly, each thesis/dissertation must undergo a format check by the staff of the Graduate School prior to the submission of final copies. You must electronically submit your manuscript for a format check to the Graduate School's ProQuest ETD Administrator website ON OR BEFORE the published format check deadline for the term in which you expect to receive your degree.
On or before the format check deadline, please also submit the following items as supplemental pdf files to ProQuest ETD Administrator (do not submit them by email):
Once your dissertation has been defended, formatted correctly, and approved by your committee, you will need to electronically submit your final copy to the Graduate School for approval. You will also need to replace the Approval Sheet with a scanned copy that has been signed by your director.
Your final electronic submission must be uploaded ON OR BEFORE the published final electronic copy deadline for the term in which you expect to receive your degree. The final electronic copy deadlines are as follows:
If your materials are complete or inaccurate, the Graduate School will contact you with a list of required corrections. If required corrections are too extensive or take too long to complete, you may not graduate and the Graduate School will not confer your degree. For this reason, please make every effort to format your manuscript correctly, include all of the materials listed above, and to meet the published deadlines. Also, please keep in mind that a dissertation or thesis is only one of your degree requirements, and that the Graduate School will not confer your degree unless you meet all of these requirements.
Students must submit final copies with approved revisions within one semester of a successful defense (e.g., if a student’s defense falls within a Fall semester, their final copies must meet the Spring semester submission deadlines). After one full semester a student may be discontinued and be required to apply for reinstatement (Approved 4 May 2021)
Visit the for answers to new questions about the electronic submission process.
Questions regarding the format check and the final copy submission process should be directed here .
The Graduate School hosts two info-sessions each semester about the thesis and dissertation formatting process. Make sure to follow weekly Graduate School Announcements emails for more information.
Publishing Your Work: Thesis and Dissertation Formatting Workshop (Recorded January 14, 2021)
The Thesis/Dissertation Committee Form, Thesis/Dissertation Proposal Ballot, and the Request for Change in Degree-Seeking Status are located in the Graduate Student Progress System at GSPS . Please log in to submit these forms. Medical Center Biomedical Science Students MUST Use LUHS Forms.
Before publication:.
LUC's University Libraries: If relevant articles, book chapters, and books are not accessible through the library's online catalogue, they can be requested through InterLibrary Loan.
Zotero: No matter what citation format you use, this free citation software can help save and format citations for use in your article.
Scimago Journal & Country Rank: To find out the ranking of peer-reviewed journals in your particular discipline before you submit, go to this website.
LUC's Writing Center : Make an appointment with a graduate tutor to have your work reviewed at any stage of the writing or revision process. Often an article will be accepted for publication but an editor requires various corrections. An extra pair of eyes can be useful.
GSPS: Make sure to update publications through this LUC site; submitted entries will be reviewed, approved, and recorded by your GPD.
Google Scholar: Various peer-reviewed articles and publications found on the internet will be linked to the student's account, which can be created by going to this site and clicking on "My Profile."
ORCiD: Creating a free ORCiD ID will allow peer-reviewed publications to be linked across digital platforms with this persistent signifier.
Publishing conventions vary widely across disciplines; some graduate students may publish as single authors while others, particularly in the sciences, may be one of several authors collaborating on a project and its resulting published study. When seeking peer-reviewed publication opportunities, one of the best methods is to consult with professors in your department about how to publish and locate journals reputable in your field of study.
Besides helping you avoid scams and predatory publishing through their advice, faculty can also provide you with useful information about the publishing process and direct you to discipline-specific online listservs hosting frequent Calls for Papers.
The following list details other publication resources for graduate students:
The following guidelines are only for master’s students. If you are pursuing a doctoral degree, please see the Dissertation Filing Guide .
Filing your master’s thesis at the Graduate Division is one of the final steps leading to the award of your graduate degree. Your manuscript is a scholarly presentation of the results of the research you conducted. UC Berkeley upholds the tradition that you have an obligation to make your research available to other scholars. This is done when the Graduate Division submits your manuscript to the University Library.
Your faculty committee supervises the intellectual content of your manuscript and your committee chair will guide you on the arrangement within the text and reference sections of your manuscript. Consult with your committee chair early in the preparation of your manuscript.
The specifications in the following pages were developed in consultation with University Library. These standards assure uniformity in the degree candidates’ manuscripts to be archived in the University Library, and ensure as well the widest possible dissemination of student-authored knowledge.
Eligibility, fall and spring semesters, summer filing, formatting your manuscript, special page formats, organizing your manuscript, procedure for filing your thesis, permission to include previously published or co-authored material, inclusion of publishable papers or article-length essays, withholding your thesis, changes to a thesis after filing, diploma, transcript, and certificate of completion, certificate of completion, common mistakes, mixed media guidelines, definitions and standards, electronic formats and risk categories, frequently asked questions.
If your research activities involve human or animal subjects, you must follow the guidelines and obtain an approved protocol before you begin your research. Learn more on our website or contact the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects ( http://cphs.berkeley.edu/ or 642-7461) or the Animal Care and Use Committee ( http://www.acuc.berkeley.edu/ or 642-8855).
In addition to the considerations explained below, your Expected Graduation Term (EGT) must match the term for which you intend to file. EGT can be updated at any time using an eForm available in CalCentral.
To be eligible to file for your degree, you must be registered or on approved Filing Fee status for the semester in which you file. We encourage you to file your thesis as early in the semester as you can and to come in person to our office to submit your supporting documents. If you cannot come to our office, it is helpful if you have a friend bring your documents. The deadline to file your thesis in its final form is the last day of the semester for your degree to be awarded as of that semester.
Filing during the summer has a slightly different set of eligibility requirements. If you were fully registered during the immediately preceding Spring semester, and have not used Filing Fee already, you may file your thesis during the summer with no additional cost or application required. This option is available for both Plan I master’s degree students filing a thesis and Plan II students completing a capstone. Summer is defined as the period from the day after the Spring semester ends (mid-May) until the last day of the Summer Sessions (mid-August).
International students completing degree in the Summer must consult Berkeley International Office before finalizing plans, as in some cases lack of Summer enrollment could impact visa status or post-completion employment.
If you have already used Filing Fee previously, or were not registered the preceding Spring semester, you will need to register in 1.0 unit in Summer Sessions in order to file.
Theses filed during the summer will result in a summer degree conferral.
You must be advanced to candidacy, and in good standing (not lapsed), in order to file.
All manuscripts must be submitted electronically in a traditional PDF format.
Be Careful! If you have any pages that are rotated to a landscape orientation, the page numbers still need to be in a consistent position throughout the document (as if it were printed and bound).
Yes! The first page of your abstract and the first page of your main text both start with ‘1’
You may choose to reduce the size of a page to fit within the required margins, but be sure that the resulting page is clear and legible.
Certain pages need to be formatted in a very specific way. Links are included here for examples of these pages.
Do not deviate from the wording and spacing in the examples, except for details applicable to you (e.g. name, major, committee, etc.)
The proper organization and page order for your manuscript is as follows:
After you have written your thesis, formatted it correctly, assembled the pages into the correct organization, and obtained verbal approval from all members of your committee, you are ready to file it with UC Berkeley’s Graduate Division.
Step 1: Convert your thesis to a standard PDF file.
Step 2: Log into your CalCentral account. Under Student Resources in your Dashboard find Submit a Form and choose Final Signature Submission .
Step 3: Complete the eForm in its entirety and hit submit once all required documents are submitted:
(Step 4): Congratulations you’re done! The traditional lollipop will be mailed to you following the end of the semester. Please be sure to update your mailing addresses (especially the diploma mailing address).
Important Notes:
Important note for students in a Concurrent Degree Program (e.g. Landscape Architecture & City Planning):
If you plan use of your own previously published and/or co-authored material in your manuscript, your committee chair must attest that the resulting thesis represents an original contribution of ideas to the field, even if previously published co – authored articles are included, and that major contributors of those articles have been informed.
Previously published material must be incorporated into a larger argument that binds together the whole thesis. The common thread linking various parts of the research, represented by individual papers incorporated in the thesis, must be made explicit, and you must join the papers into a coherent unit. You are required to prepare introductory, transitional, and concluding sections. Previously published material must be acknowledged appropriately, as established for your discipline or as requested in the original publication agreement (e.g. through a note in acknowledgments, a footnote, or the like).
If co-authored material is to be incorporated (whether published or unpublished), all major contributors should be informed of the inclusion in addition to being appropriately credited in the thesis according to the norms of the field.
If you are incorporating co-authored material in your thesis, it is your responsibility to inform major contributors. This documentation need not be submitted to the Graduate Division. The eform used by your committee chair to sign off on your thesis will automatically include text indicating that by signing off they attest to the appropriateness and approval for inclusion of previously published and/or co-authored materials. No addition information or text needs to be added.
Publishable papers and article-length essays arising from your research project are acceptable only if you incorporate that text into a larger argument that binds together the whole dissertation or thesis. Include introductory, transitional, and concluding sections with the papers or essays.
Occasionally, there are unusual circumstances in which you prefer that your thesis not be published immediately. Such circumstances may include the disclosure of patentable rights in the work before a patent can be granted, similar disclosures detrimental to the rights of the author, or disclosures of facts about persons or institutions before professional ethics would permit.
The Dean of the Graduate Division may permit the thesis to be held without shelving for a specified and limited period of time beyond the default, under substantiated circumstances of the kind indicated and with the endorsement of and an explanatory letter from the chair of the thesis committee. If you need to request that your manuscript be withheld, please consult with the chair of your committee, and have him or her submit a letter requesting this well before you file for your degree. The memo should be addressed to the cognizant Associate Dean, in care of Graduate Services: Degrees, 318 Sproul Hall.
Changes are normally not allowed after a manuscript has been filed. In exceptional circumstances, changes may be requested by having the chair of your thesis committee submit a memo to the cognizant Associate Dean, in care of Graduate Services: Degrees, 318 Sproul Hall. The memo must describe in detail the specific changes requested and must justify the reason for the request. If the request is approved, the changes must be made prior to the official awarding of the degree. Once your degree has been awarded, you may not make changes to the manuscript.
After your thesis is accepted by Graduate Services: Degrees, it is held here until the official awarding of the degree by the Academic Senate has occurred. This occurs approximately two months after the end of the term. After the degree has officially been awarded, the manuscripts are shipped to the University Library.
Posting the Degree to Your Transcript
Your degree will be posted to your transcript approximately 3 months after the conferral date of your degree. You can order a transcript from the Office of the Registrar (https://registrar.berkeley.edu/academic-records/transcripts-diplomas/).
Diploma Your diploma will be available from the Office of the Registrar approximately 4 months after the conferral date of your degree. For more information on obtaining your diploma, visit the Registrar’s website . You can obtain your diploma in person at the Office of the Registrar, 120 Sproul Hall, or submit a form to have it mailed to you. Unclaimed diplomas are retained for a period of five (5) years only, after which they are destroyed.
If you require evidence that you have completed your degree requirements prior to the degree being posted to your transcript, request a “ Certificate of Degree Completion “.
Please note that we will not issue a Certificate of Completion after the degree has been posted to your transcript.
In May, 2005, the Graduate Council established new guidelines for the inclusion of mixed media content in theses. It was considered crucial that the guidelines allow theses s to remain as accessible as possible and for the longest period possible while balancing the extraordinary academic potential of these new technologies.
The thesis has three components: a core thesis, essential supporting material, and non-essential supplementary material.
Core Thesis. The core thesis must be a self-contained, narrative description of the argument, methods, and evidence used in the thesis project. Despite the ability to present evidence more directly and with greater sophistication using mixed media, the core thesis must provide an accessible textual description of the whole project.
The core thesis must stand alone and be printable on paper, meeting the formatting requirements described in this document. The electronic version of the thesis must be provided in the most stable and universal format available—currently Portable Document Format (PDF) for textual materials. These files may also include embedded visual images in TIFF (.tif) or JPEG (.jpg) format.
Essential Supporting Material. Essential supporting material is defined as mixed media content that cannot be integrated into the core thesis, i.e., material that cannot be adequately expressed as text. Your faculty committee is responsible for deciding whether this material is essential to the thesis. Essential supporting material does not include the actual project data. Supporting material is essential if it is necessary for the actual argument of the thesis, and cannot be integrated into a traditional textual narrative.
Essential supporting material must be submitted in the most stable and least risky format consistent with its representation (see below), so as to allow the widest accessibility and greatest chance of preservation into the future.
Non-essential Supplementary Material. Supplementary material includes any supporting content that is useful for understanding the thesis, but is not essential to the argument. This might include, for example, electronic files of the works analyzed in the thesis (films, musical works, etc.) or additional support for the argument (simulations, samples of experimental situations, etc.).
Supplementary material is to be submitted in the most stable and most accessible format, depending on the relative importance of the material (see below). Clearly label the CD, DVD, audiotape, or videotape with your name, major, thesis title, and information on the contents. Only one copy is required to be filed with your thesis. A second copy should be left with your department.
Note . ProQuest and the Library will require any necessary 3rd party software licenses and reprint permission letters for any copyrighted materials included in these electronic files.
The following is a list of file formats in descending order of stability and accessibility. This list is provisional, and will be updated as technologies change. Faculty and students should refer to the Graduate Division website for current information on formats and risk categories.
Category A:
Category B:
Category C:
Category D:
For detailed guidelines on the use of these media, please refer to the Library of Congress website for digital formats at http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/index.shtml .
Q1: Can I file my thesis during the summer?
A1: Yes. There are 2 ways to file during the summer:
1) If you have never used Filing Fee before AND you were registered during the immediately preceding spring semester, you can file your thesis during the summer with no further application or payment required. Simply submit your thesis as usual and the Graduate Division staff will confirm your eligibility. If you are an international student, you must consult the Berkeley International Office for guidance as this option may have visa implications for you.
2) If you weren’t registered in spring, you can register for at least 1.0 unit through Berkeley Summer Sessions.
Q2: If I chose that option, does it matter which session I register in during the summer session?
A2: No. You can register for any of the sessions (at least 1.0 unit). The deadline will always be the last day of the last session.
Q3: If I file during the summer, will I receive a summer degree?
A3: Yes. If you file before the last day of summer session, you will receive an August degree. If you file during the summer, remember to write “Summer” on your title page!
Q1: I’ve seen other theses from former students that were / that had __________, should I follow that format?
A1: No. The formatting guidelines can be changed from time to time, so you should always consult the most current guidelines available on our website.
Q2: I want to make sure that my thesis follows the formatting rules. What’s the best way to do this?
A2: If you’ve read and followed the current guidelines available on our website, there shouldn’t be any problems. You are also always welcome to bring sample pages into the Graduate Degrees Office at 318 Sproul Hall to have a staff member look over your manuscript.
Q3: Does my signature page need to be printed on some special paper?
A3: Signatures are now an eForm process. A physical signature page is no longer required.
Q1: I’m away from Berkeley. Is there any way to file my thesis remotely?
A1: Yes! The whole process is done remotely.
Q2: Can I have a friend file my thesis for me?
A2: No. You will need to CalNet authenticate in order to file.
Q3: What’s a Receipt of Filing? Do I need one?
A3: The Receipt of Filing is an official document that we produce that certifies that you have successfully filed your thesis on the specified day and that, if all other requirements are met, the date of the degree conferral.
Some students may need the receipt in order to prove to an outside agency that they have officially filed their thesis. Many students simply keep the receipt as a memento. Picking up your receipt is not required.
Q4: What’s the difference between a Receipt of Filing and a Certificate of Completion?
A4: A Receipt of Filing is automatically produced for all students upon successful filing of their thesis. However, it only certifies that the thesis has been accepted. The Certificate of Degree Completion must be requested. It will state that all requirements have been met and notes the date that the degree will be conferred. This is a useful document for students who file early in the semester and need some verification of their degree in advance of its conferral (note: degrees are only conferred twice each year).
Q5: How to I know if I’m eligible for a Certificate of Completion?
A5: In order to be eligible to receive a Certificate of Completion, you must:
1) Successfully file your thesis
2) Have a completed (satisfied) Academic Progress Report. Your department can assist you with this if you have questions.
3) Pay all of your registration fees. If you have a balance on your account, we may be unable to provide a Certificate of Completion.
Q6: I’m supposed to submit my approval letter for research with human subjects or vertebrate animals, but it turns out my research didn’t use this after all. What should I do?
A6: If you’re research protocol has changed since you advanced to candidacy for your degree, you’ll need to ask you thesis chair to write a letter to the Graduate Division explaining the change. It would be best to submit this in advance of filing.
Q7: My thesis uses copyrighted or previously published material. How to I get approval?
A7: The policy on this has recently changed. There is no need to for specific approval to be requested.
Q9: I found a typo in my thesis that has already been accepted! What do I do?
A9: Once a thesis has been submitted and accepted, no further changes will be permitted. Proofread your document carefully. Do not submit a draft. In extreme circumstances, your thesis chair may write a letter to the Graduate Division requesting additional changes to be made.
Q10: Oh no! A serious emergency has caused me to miss the filing deadline! What do I do? Are extensions ever granted?
A10: In general, no. In exceptional circumstances, the Head Graduate Advisor for your program may write to the Graduate Division requesting an extension. Requests of this type are considered on a case by case basis and, if granted, may allow you to file after the deadline. However, even if such an exception is granted you will receive the degree for the subsequent term. Your first step is to consult with your department if an emergency arises.
Completing your masters degree – thesis.
Your first step regarding any questions with respect to writing your thesis is to consult the School of Graduate Studies’ Guide for the Preparation of Master’s and Doctoral Theses . All graduate theses must conform to the style and form requirements as detailed in the Guide.
Need help? If you have any questions or need assistance, please email [email protected].
Please consult the Guide for the Preparation of Theses for samples on how to format your thesis.
Per the Guide for the Preparation of Theses: The text of the standard graduate thesis consists of the Introduction section or chapter, followed by several well-defined sections or chapters, which contain the research results, finishing with a Conclusion and Discussion section or chapter, or a summary statement of the results of the investigation. The List of References section (or bibliography) follows the text, and any appendices follow this.
Please consult the Guide for the Preparation of Theses for more detailed information on references and further resources that you can consult for referencing help.
If some of the research undertaken expressly for the degree has previously been published or prepared by the student as one or more journal articles, or parts of books, those items may be included within the thesis subject to the School of Graduate Studies’ regulations and to obtaining permission from the supervisory committee.
Please consult the Guide for the Preparation Theses – download via Quick Links to the right – for more detailed information on Sandwich Theses.
For your e-thesis to be published via MacSphere, the final version of your thesis should be named using the following file naming convention:
familyname_firstname_middleinitial_finalsubmissionyearmonth_degree
Effective December 1, 2023, all graduate students who initiate their defence on or after this date, are required to have their thesis run through McMaster’s plagiarism checking software, iThenticate.
iThenticate is a similarity detection tool meant to be used by researchers to check any original works that will be publicly released and who are concerned about potential plagiarism.
According to McMaster’s Research Plagiarism Checking Policy , it is expected that all graduate theses, shall be checked for plagiarism in compliance with this policy. Plagiarism checking is expected to occur prior to the coordination of the defence. Supervisors of Master’s students will need to sign a separate attestation sheet indicating that this has occurred and the document is satisfactory for public disclosure.
Your pre-defence thesis must be uploaded to iThenticate by your primary supervisor before you can initiate your Masters defence.
To protect graduate students’ privacy, only academic supervisors will have access to this software and will be responsible for uploading their student’s theses. It should not be used to check documents submitted to instructors as course assignments.
Before initiating your defence, you should confirm with your supervisor and committee members if applicable, that you are ready to initiate. Your supervisor must also sign a separate attestation sheet prior to initiation, indicating that they have run your thesis through iThenticate and it is satisfactory for public disclosure. Once this is done, contact your department to confirm the program’s defence process. After a successful defence, the chair of the examination committee will inform you of thesis changes required by examiners. After all changes have been made, you must submit this completed form to the School of Graduate Studies for your final submission to be published to MacSphere.
You can now check supervisor(s) and academic plan(s)
If any of this information is incorrect, you should contact to your program office before proceeding.
For dates and deadlines for defence and upcoming convocation ceremonies please refer to the Dates and Deadlines .
This step allows you to propose a date, time and location. This information will be confirmed by your program office, as they will receive notification after you have completed this process.
Please note your thesis title is required, but you can also add an abstract at this stage.
Please be aware after submission, your program office will assist you with the rest of the process and you should contact them to ensure that all arrangements have been put in place for your defence.
You will be given an opportunity to review before submission. Once you have submitted you will receive a confirmation email that you have successfully initiated the process.
Select My Academics in the Academic tab.
Please consult with your department to see if they require that you initiate a Master’s Defence in Mosaic. All departments will need you to contact your Graduate Administrator to let them know you plan on defending your Master’s thesis. SGS does not require that you initiate a Master’s Defence in Mosaic but your department may have a different requirement. All PhD Defences MUST be initiated in Mosaic.
If your department requires that you initiate
You should select – Thesis Intent – Defend Thesis
This selection is only possible if you are enrolled a research plan type. If the student needs to switch to a research plan type, you should submit a service request for a plan change before initiating the thesis defence process.
Please note that your degree requirements are considered complete when one electronic copy of the thesis, revised as directed by your defence examining committee, is submitted to the School of Graduate Studies through the E-Thesis Submission module in MacSphere.
If you have not already done so, please submit the following forms to your department’s graduate administrator. They will submit them to the School of Graduate Studies on your behalf. Your final submission will not be considered complete without this documentation.
If you have completed all of the above requirements, you are ready to submit to your thesis.
familyname_firstname_middleinitial_finalsubmissionyearmonth_degree.pdf
Links to e-theses in MacSphere are available through a variety of tools. The contents of MacSphere are Google indexed, bringing McMaster scholarship to the attention of a broad range of users. Automated tools will continue to integrate e-theses with other print and electronic library resources in both the local catalogue and integrated catalogues, such as WorldCat.
Theses in physical formats have historically been low-use library materials, however digitized theses are receiving higher usage. Site statistics for theses currently available in McMaster’s MacSphere show several each month are downloaded more than 100 times and many others have multiple downloads.
Embargoed status is intended to protect rights for immediate commercial publication, to obtain a patent which may rise from the research, or as a result of any contract made with a third party. The student may request a postponement of digital publication for up to one year at the time of thesis submission to MacSphere – all such requests are automatically granted. Students who would like to extend this initial period of postponement must apply to the thesis coordinator who will forward the request to the Vice-Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies for determination of whether further publication postponement is warranted. This request must include a full description of why the additional delay is requested and what steps have been taken to address the issues that required the initial delay. No delay of publication more than two years from the initial submission will be permitted.
Please note that you and your supervisor must both sign the delay of publication area on your Final Thesis Submission Sheet. For more information, consult the School of Graduate Studies Calendar .
If you choose to have your thesis bound, binding service is available through pageforpage.com . Via their website, you can print, bind and send your thesis where you wish. However, this is only an option; you may use any binding service that you prefer.
Optional Bound Copies – Should the supervisor and/or department require one or more bound paper copies of your thesis, it is the student’s responsibility to obtain and distribute these bound copies.
Apart from these considerations, the general guidelines for thesis production should be followed.
Indiana University Bloomington Indiana University Bloomington IU Bloomington
In order to be accepted, your master’s thesis must comply with certain formatting guidelines. Be sure to read through this list of requirements thoroughly before you submit.
Be consistent in font style throughout your thesis. The following font styles are recommended for the ease with which they convert to a PDF. All theses have to be converted to a PDF in the electronic submission process.
Check with your research committee if you are unsure which style manual you should use. IU Libraries also offer research support, including links to online versions of some style manuals.
Dedication, acknowledgements, preface (optional), table of contents.
List of symbols.
Please see the sample thesis or dissertation pages throughout and at the end of this document for illustrations. The following order is required for components of your thesis or dissertation:
Many of the components following the title and copyright pages have required headings and formatting guidelines, which are described in the following sections.
Please consult the Sample Pages to compare your document to the requirements. A Checklist is provided to assist you in ensuring your thesis or dissertation meets all formatting guidelines.
The title page of a thesis or dissertation must include the following information:
Notes on this statement:
Include a copyright page with the following information single-spaced and centered 2″ above the bottom of the page:
© Year Author's Full Name (as it appears on the title page) ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
This page immediately follows the title page. It should be numbered with the lower case Roman numeral ii centered with a 1/2″ margin from the bottom edge.
Inclusion of this page offers you, as the author, additional protection against copyright infringement as it eliminates any question of authorship and copyright ownership. You do not need to file for copyright in order to include this statement in your thesis or dissertation. However, filing for copyright can offer other protections.
See Section IV for more information on copyrighting your thesis or dissertation.
Include an abstract page following these guidelines:
Please write and proofread your abstract carefully. When possible, avoid including symbols or foreign words in your abstract, as they cannot be indexed or searched. Avoid mathematical formulas, diagrams, and other illustrative materials in the abstract. Offer a brief description of your thesis or dissertation and a concise summary of its conclusions. Be sure to describe the subject and focus of your work with clear details and avoid including lengthy explanations or opinions.
Your title and abstract will be used by search engines to help potential audiences locate your work, so clarity will help to draw the attention of your targeted readers.
You have an option to include a dedication, acknowledgements, or preface. If you choose to include any or all of these elements, give each its own page(s).
A dedication is a message from the author prefixed to a work in tribute to a person, group, or cause. Most dedications are short statements of tribute beginning with “To…” such as “To my family”.
Acknowledgements are the author's statement of gratitude to and recognition of the people and institutions that helped the author's research and writing.
A preface is a statement of the author's reasons for undertaking the work and other personal comments that are not directly germane to the materials presented in other sections of the thesis or dissertation. These reasons tend to be of a personal nature.
Any of the pages must be prepared following these guidelines:
Include a table of contents following these guidelines:
If applicable, include a list of tables, list of figures, and/or list of illustrations following these guidelines:
If you use abbreviations extensively in your thesis or dissertation, you must include a list of abbreviations and their corresponding definitions following these guidelines:
If you use symbols in your thesis or dissertation, you may combine them with your abbreviations, titling the section “LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS”, or you may set up a separate list of symbols and their definitions by following the formatting instructions above for abbreviations. The heading you choose must be in all capital letters and centered 1″ below the top of the page.
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If you recently submitted a dissertation or thesis in Axess, you still have one more required step to complete. Browse this guide to help you stay on track.
After you’ve submitted your dissertation or thesis, one member of your Reading Committee, known as the Final Reader, must certify that they have reviewed the final draft of the dissertation, engineer thesis, or final project submitted to the university. The Final Reader must be a member of the Academic Council. Final Reader certification or approval is one of the last submission steps that must be completed by the submission deadline date .
The certification process occurs in Axess, where your Final Reader will be able to review a copy of the submission, and then approve or reject the submission:
As a last resort, if the Final Reader does not have access to a computer, the student may use this help ticket to submit a paper Certificate of Final Reading . Please allow 3-5 business days to manually process paper certificates, whereas approvals submitted in Axess update the dissertation record in real time.
Stanford University participates in the Survey of Earned Doctorates, which is sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Education, and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH). Stanford asks that you complete this survey .
The Office of the University Registrar does not provide bound copies of your dissertation or thesis for personal use.
After you officially submit your dissertation or thesis to Stanford, if you want a bound copy of your work for personal use, the university recommends the HF Group .
The HF Group offers a print-on-demand service for Stanford students wanting personal bound copies (with red covers) of their dissertations, engineer thesis, or DMA Final Project.
The Three Minute Thesis Competition (3MT) is an exciting, fast-paced event showcasing the research of graduate students across campus. Each scholar is given three minutes to present their research displayed to the audience and judging panel in a single presentation slide. The competition boasts cash prizes for winners in each category.
You'll be amazed at what these scholars can fit into a three-minute presentation. You don't want to miss this competition!
Our graduate students have had an impressive showing at the regional 3MT competition at the Western Association of Graduate Schools annual conference. In 2023, Jennifer Heppner won third place and in 2024, Kendra Isable won second place.
The 2024 competition will be hosted in the Spring semester with two preliminary rounds in early March and the finals in April.
Join our competition, preliminary round.
The top four contestants from groups A1, B1, A2 and B2 will be awarded $300 and will compete in the final round. Submit your presentation using the appropriate Group description link below.
Wednesday, March 6, 2024, at 6 p.m. in the Wells Fargo Auditorium (MIKC 124)
Thursday, March 7, 2024, at 6 p.m. in the Wells Fargo Auditorium (MIKC 124)
Thursday, April 11, 2024, at 7 p.m. in the Wells Fargo Auditorium (MIKC 124)
In the final round you'll compete against the eight finalists at your degree level:
Winners from each group of the final round will be awarded as follows:
Applications are due February 29 by 11:59 p.m.
Preliminary submission form
Presentation:.
Comprehension & content.
View the winners of each year since 2014!
View past winners
First place: cody cris.
Francisco calderon abullarade.
Abdulwarith kassim.
First place: abdulwarith kassim.
Watch: joe biden's senior moment of the week (vol. 25), multimillionaire obamas haven't donated to joe biden's campaign, dialing it in, obamas make offer for multimillion-dollar martha's vineyard estate, ‘he did not complete the degree program’: tim walz repeatedly claimed he was ‘nearly finished’ with doctorate years after he disappeared from university, walz was only enrolled at saint mary's university of minnesota until 2004 but said until 2011 that he was close to getting his doctorate.
As recently as 2011, Tim Walz claimed in official biographies for his campaign and congressional office that he was on the verge of completing a doctorate in education, a decade after he enrolled in a doctorate program at St. Mary’s University of Minnesota in the small town of Winona.
The university, however, told the Washington Free Beacon that its last records indicating Walz was an active student are dated to 2004.
"We can confirm that Governor Walz attended Saint Mary's from 2001-2004 in our doctorate level Ed.D. program," the school's communications director, Ashly Bissen, told the Free Beacon . "He did not complete the degree program."
Walz would nonetheless claim through 2011 that he was an active student "nearly finished with his doctorate at St. Mary's University in Winona, Minnesota," as his congressional biography put it, four years after he arrived on Capitol Hill.
That claim, like so many others Walz has made about his biography over his political career, was at best a stretch and at worst a lie, the same sort of résumé padding characteristic of other fibs and misrepresentations Walz has made throughout his political career.
But academic dishonesty stands out, including exaggerations. Rep. Andy Ogles (R., Tenn.) last year apologized for stating he had a degree in economics when he’d only taken one economics class and gotten a "C." The CEO of Yahoo was forced out in 2012 after it was discovered he lied about majoring in both computer science and accounting in college. He only majored in accounting.
Walz, who’d been teaching high school for over a decade, started a course of study at St. Mary's in 2001, enrolling in a "cohort doctoral program," a second spokeswoman told the Free Beacon . He stopped taking classes at St. Mary's in 2004 and never earned a degree, the spokeswoman said.
"Governor Walz was enrolled as part of a cohort doctoral program from 2001-2004 and has not taken classes at Saint Mary's since that time," said Michelle Rovang, the school's vice president of communications.
Walz earned a master's degree in "experiential education" (an academic term for hands-on learning, a feature of Walz’s work as a teacher) from Minnesota State University, Mankato, in 2002. St. Mary’s told the Free Beacon that the school accepted Walz into its doctoral program on the condition that he’d earn his master’s at nearby Minnesota State.
Getting a master’s degree is an early step toward earning a doctorate, which requires years of additional study and research and can also require teaching college-level courses and successfully defending a dissertation.
Nonetheless, when Walz ran for Congress in 2006, roughly two years after his last recorded year in the St. Mary’s doctoral program, he portrayed himself on the campaign trail and in Congress as an active student "nearly finished" with his doctorate. A 2006 voter guide published by the Minnesota Star Tribune indicated that Walz’s Ed.D. was "in progress."
That year, Waltz defeated a five-term Republican incumbent, Gil Gutknecht, who recently told the Free Beacon , when asked about Walz, that "all political figures are guilty of a bit of puffery. He frequently went well beyond that into prevarication."
Indeed, as a sitting member of Congress, Walz continued to claim for years that he was finishing his doctoral degree. His congressional website made those claims through 2011 , an archived version shows. But by 2012, Walz had removed all references to his impending doctorate from his congressional biography .
Walz’s years of misstatements about his academic background are part and parcel of a pattern of prevarication that has followed him from the high school classroom to Capitol Hill to the Minnesota governor's mansion—and now, should Kamala Harris prevail in November, to the Naval Observatory. The misrepresentations, embellishments, and falsehoods have been carefully woven together to create a portrait of a patriot-scholar and exemplary product of the American heartland.
Walz boasted during his 2006 campaign launch that he was "named the Outstanding Young Nebraskan by the Nebraska Chamber of Commerce," a false claim that the Chamber's then-president demanded that Walz correct. Walz’s campaign manager at the time claimed Walz had won an award from the Junior Chamber of Commerce and attributed the error to a "typographical error."
Walz also made the exaggerated claim during his maiden congressional run that in 1989, he’d "earned the title of Nebraska Citizen-Soldier of the Year." In fact, he was one of 52 reservists invited to a brunch for recipients of the "Citizens Soldiers Awards," an event sponsored by a mysterious civic group called Ak-Sar-Ben, which is "Nebraska" spelled backward.
Walz further stated that his yearlong teaching stint in China came through a program at Harvard University for which he was hand-picked by the school. While the program was founded by Harvard undergraduates, it does not appear to have ever been officially associated with the Ivy League school.
Walz has also lied about his own family, telling MSNBC in July that his "two beautiful children" would not be alive without in vitro fertilization. His kids were not conceived through IVF but rather through a non-controversial, far less costly, and far less invasive procedure known as intrauterine insemination. The lie gives Walz, a middle-aged man, a personal connection to the battle for so-called women’s reproductive rights that Democrats see as a winning issue this year.
Walz's most controversial claims, however, pertain to his time in the Army National Guard.
Walz, who served in the guard for 24 years, has said he carried guns "in war." His campaign promoted news stories that described him as one of a "number of veterans from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq" running for Congress.
But Walz never served in Afghanistan. While he spent time in Norway and Italy working in support of Operation Enduring Freedom, he never saw combat and never set foot in the war theater. When his National Guard battalion was being eyed for a deployment to Iraq, Walz issued a March 2005 campaign press release pledging to "serve if called upon" and run for Congress from the Middle East. But two months later, in May, he retired from the guard. By July, his old unit received notice of the deployment, and Walz never joined them in Iraq.
It's unclear how close Walz was to achieving his doctorate and whether he formally withdrew from St. Mary's. His time at St. Mary's overlapped with his deployment to Italy, which came in 2003 and concluded in 2004. Walz had taken five years, from 1997 to 2002, to complete his master's degree at Minnesota State, according to the New York Times . He was also teaching school at the time.
The current iteration of the doctoral program Walz enrolled in can be completed in as little as four years, according to St. Mary's, and the school requires students to complete it in eight years. Rovang said students "do not need to formally withdraw from a graduate or doctorate program." She also said the program "has changed a great deal" since Walz was enrolled and declined to provide program details from that time.
The Harris campaign did not respond to a request for comment.
Though Walz's master's degree is not in question, some of the details surrounding his higher education experience have been misreported, including by Walz himself.
Walz has repeatedly said, including in his congressional bios, that he received his master's degree in education in 2001, a claim that media outlets such as CNN , the Washington Post , and Politico have echoed. Minnesota State University, Mankato media relations director Dan Benson, however, says the school conferred Walz the degree on May 10, 2002.
"I, too, have seen media reports that list 2001 as the year Walz received his master's degree," Benson told the Free Beacon , "but per Minnesota State Mankato records, that is wrong."
"For media members who have asked, the date of May 10, 2002, has been provided as the date Walz earned his master of science degree in experiential education. University records show that Walz's last day as an enrolled student at Minnesota State University, Mankato, was July 26, 2002."
That means Walz was enrolled simultaneously at Minnesota State and St. Mary's, which told the Free Beacon it accepted Walz for its Ed.D. program on the condition that he’d complete his master’s degree at Minnesota State.
"We have often accepted students conditionally in a cohort program when they are successfully finishing a master's degree at another institution," Rovang said.
Media outlets such as the New York Times have also noted that Walz "wrote his thesis on Holocaust education." Benson, however, said Walz "wrote what is called an ' alternate plan paper ,'" which, unlike a thesis, consists of an "evaluation and analysis" of outside sources rather than original research.
"Many media organizations have referred to this as his 'thesis' in their news stories," Benson said.
But in fact, Walz did not perform the kind of original, academic research that’s required to produce a master’s thesis. And he never completed his doctoral work, which would have required original research at a more advanced level.
Update 12:40 p.m.: This piece has been updated to clarify that Walz sought an Ed.D., or a Doctor in Education, rather than a Ph.D. in Education.
Published under: 2024 Election , Military , Minnesota , Tim Walz
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Published on September 7, 2022 by Tegan George and Shona McCombes. Revised on November 21, 2023.
The introduction is the first section of your thesis or dissertation , appearing right after the table of contents . Your introduction draws your reader in, setting the stage for your research with a clear focus, purpose, and direction on a relevant topic .
Your introduction should include:
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How to start your introduction, topic and context, focus and scope, relevance and importance, questions and objectives, overview of the structure, thesis introduction example, introduction checklist, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about introductions.
Although your introduction kicks off your dissertation, it doesn’t have to be the first thing you write — in fact, it’s often one of the very last parts to be completed (just before your abstract ).
It’s a good idea to write a rough draft of your introduction as you begin your research, to help guide you. If you wrote a research proposal , consider using this as a template, as it contains many of the same elements. However, be sure to revise your introduction throughout the writing process, making sure it matches the content of your ensuing sections.
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Begin by introducing your dissertation topic and giving any necessary background information. It’s important to contextualize your research and generate interest. Aim to show why your topic is timely or important. You may want to mention a relevant news item, academic debate, or practical problem.
After a brief introduction to your general area of interest, narrow your focus and define the scope of your research.
You can narrow this down in many ways, such as by:
It’s essential to share your motivation for doing this research, as well as how it relates to existing work on your topic. Further, you should also mention what new insights you expect it will contribute.
Start by giving a brief overview of the current state of research. You should definitely cite the most relevant literature, but remember that you will conduct a more in-depth survey of relevant sources in the literature review section, so there’s no need to go too in-depth in the introduction.
Depending on your field, the importance of your research might focus on its practical application (e.g., in policy or management) or on advancing scholarly understanding of the topic (e.g., by developing theories or adding new empirical data). In many cases, it will do both.
Ultimately, your introduction should explain how your thesis or dissertation:
Perhaps the most important part of your introduction is your questions and objectives, as it sets up the expectations for the rest of your thesis or dissertation. How you formulate your research questions and research objectives will depend on your discipline, topic, and focus, but you should always clearly state the central aim of your research.
If your research aims to test hypotheses , you can formulate them here. Your introduction is also a good place for a conceptual framework that suggests relationships between variables .
To help guide your reader, end your introduction with an outline of the structure of the thesis or dissertation to follow. Share a brief summary of each chapter, clearly showing how each contributes to your central aims. However, be careful to keep this overview concise: 1-2 sentences should be enough.
I. Introduction
Human language consists of a set of vowels and consonants which are combined to form words. During the speech production process, thoughts are converted into spoken utterances to convey a message. The appropriate words and their meanings are selected in the mental lexicon (Dell & Burger, 1997). This pre-verbal message is then grammatically coded, during which a syntactic representation of the utterance is built.
Speech, language, and voice disorders affect the vocal cords, nerves, muscles, and brain structures, which result in a distorted language reception or speech production (Sataloff & Hawkshaw, 2014). The symptoms vary from adding superfluous words and taking pauses to hoarseness of the voice, depending on the type of disorder (Dodd, 2005). However, distortions of the speech may also occur as a result of a disease that seems unrelated to speech, such as multiple sclerosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
This study aims to determine which acoustic parameters are suitable for the automatic detection of exacerbations in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by investigating which aspects of speech differ between COPD patients and healthy speakers and which aspects differ between COPD patients in exacerbation and stable COPD patients.
I have introduced my research topic in an engaging way.
I have provided necessary context to help the reader understand my topic.
I have clearly specified the focus of my research.
I have shown the relevance and importance of the dissertation topic .
I have clearly stated the problem or question that my research addresses.
I have outlined the specific objectives of the research .
I have provided an overview of the dissertation’s structure .
You've written a strong introduction for your thesis or dissertation. Use the other checklists to continue improving your dissertation.
If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!
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The introduction of a research paper includes several key elements:
and your problem statement
Don’t feel that you have to write the introduction first. The introduction is often one of the last parts of the research paper you’ll write, along with the conclusion.
This is because it can be easier to introduce your paper once you’ve already written the body ; you may not have the clearest idea of your arguments until you’ve written them, and things can change during the writing process .
Research objectives describe what you intend your research project to accomplish.
They summarize the approach and purpose of the project and help to focus your research.
Your objectives should appear in the introduction of your research paper , at the end of your problem statement .
Scope of research is determined at the beginning of your research process , prior to the data collection stage. Sometimes called “scope of study,” your scope delineates what will and will not be covered in your project. It helps you focus your work and your time, ensuring that you’ll be able to achieve your goals and outcomes.
Defining a scope can be very useful in any research project, from a research proposal to a thesis or dissertation . A scope is needed for all types of research: quantitative , qualitative , and mixed methods .
To define your scope of research, consider the following:
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George, T. & McCombes, S. (2023, November 21). How to Write a Thesis or Dissertation Introduction. Scribbr. Retrieved September 3, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/introduction-structure/
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Formally, they don't take a title before the university awards it, and the awarding is usually done by handing out a certificate stating the title (independent of whether that involves a ceremony or not).. In informal situations, it's nice to address them with the title because they are usually happy and proud of their accomplishment, and what remains to be done before they actually get the ...
The two most common types of graduate degrees are master's and doctoral degrees: A master's is a 1-2 year degree that can prepare you for a multitude of careers. A PhD, or doctoral degree, takes 3-7 years to complete (depending on the country) and prepares you for a career in academic research. A master's is also the necessary first ...
Revised on April 16, 2024. A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master's program or a capstone to a bachelor's degree. Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation, it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete.
The dissertation or thesis is a scholarly treatise that substantiates a specific point of view as a result of original research that is conducted by students during their graduate study. At Cornell, the thesis is a requirement for the receipt of the M.A. and M.S. degrees and some professional master's degrees.
The thesis is a 9-to-12-month project that begins after the Crafting the Thesis Proposal (CTP); when your Research Advisor has approved your proposal and identified a Thesis Director. The date for the appointment of your Thesis Director determines the graduation cycle that will be automatically assigned to you:
Craft a convincing dissertation or thesis research proposal. Write a clear, compelling introduction chapter. Undertake a thorough review of the existing research and write up a literature review. Undertake your own research. Present and interpret your findings. Draw a conclusion and discuss the implications.
Defending a thesis largely serves as a formality because the paper will already have been evaluated. During a defense, a student will be asked questions by members of the thesis committee. Questions are usually open-ended and require that the student think critically about his or her work. A defense might take only 20 minutes, or it might take ...
Tip #2: Begin Work on the Thesis Statement and Break Up the Thesis into Manageable Sections. After selecting an appropriate topic and developing a central research question for the thesis statement, it is then necessary to apply the research and writing skills you have learned throughout your degree program.
Thesis. Your thesis is the central claim in your essay—your main insight or idea about your source or topic. Your thesis should appear early in an academic essay, followed by a logically constructed argument that supports this central claim. A strong thesis is arguable, which means a thoughtful reader could disagree with it and therefore ...
Writing a masters dissertation or thesis is a sizable task. It takes a considerable amount of research, studying and writing. Usually, students need to write around 10,000 to 15,000 words. It is completely normal to find the idea of writing a masters thesis or dissertation slightly daunting, even for students who have written one before at ...
Make a note of the error, and the "next point in the process" where you can naturally make changes, fix the mistake in the document. For a thesis, that next point in the process might be after your professor reads it but before it is officially submitted to the university; or it might be before the thesis is bound for the library; or it might ...
The purpose of a master's thesis is to help you develop your own independent abilities, ensuring that you can drive your own career forward without constantly looking to others to provide direction. Leaders get master's degrees. That's why many business professionals in leadership roles have graduate degree initials after their last names.
A thesis could consist of an average of 70 to 100 pages, including a bibliography, citations, and various sections. It is written under the guidance of a faculty advisor and should be publishable as an article. Your master's thesis reflects the literature in your field, challenges, evidence, and arguments around your writing topics.
Dating the Thesis. Because degrees are conferred three times a year, the title page should include the date that the degree is conferred. ... will be made only if there is a letter from a publisher stating that the dissertation will be published within one year after the degree is awarded and that requests that circulation of the dissertation ...
As stated above, a thesis is the final project required in the completion of many master's degrees. The thesis is a research paper, but it only involves using research from others and crafting your own analytical points. On the other hand, the dissertation is a more in-depth scholarly research paper completed mostly by doctoral students.
Steps Required to Complete a Master's Thesis Degree Plan. 1. Select first semester courses and register. 2. Plan courses for degree and timeline for completing them. Ask about additional departmental requirements and plan to meet them. 3. Make changes in degree plan and timeline as needed. 4.
Also, please keep in mind that a dissertation or thesis is only one of your degree requirements, and that the Graduate School will not confer your degree unless you meet all of these requirements. Students must submit final copies with approved revisions within one semester of a successful defense (e.g., if a student's defense falls within a ...
After your thesis is accepted by Graduate Services: Degrees, it is held here until the official awarding of the degree by the Academic Senate has occurred. This occurs approximately two months after the end of the term. After the degree has officially been awarded, the manuscripts are shipped to the University Library.
Submission of Intent to initiate a Masters defence. Step 3. Submit. Please note that your degree requirements are considered complete when one electronic copy of the thesis, revised as directed by your defence examining committee, is submitted to the School of Graduate Studies through the E-Thesis Submission module in MacSphere.
If the thesis will only be electronically accessed, a one-inch left margin is acceptable. The left margin should be one inch if the thesis will be bound in paper form by ProQuest. If using a bindery other than ProQuest, please consult with the bindery about the size of the left margin needed for their binding process.
The title page of a thesis or dissertation must include the following information: The title of the thesis or dissertation in all capital letters and centered 2″ below the top of the page. Your name, centered 1″ below the title. Do not include titles, degrees, or identifiers. The name you use here does not need to exactly match the name on ...
Step 2: Write your initial answer. After some initial research, you can formulate a tentative answer to this question. At this stage it can be simple, and it should guide the research process and writing process. The internet has had more of a positive than a negative effect on education.
After you officially submit your dissertation or thesis to Stanford, if you want a bound copy of your work for personal use, the university recommends the HF Group. The HF Group offers a print-on-demand service for Stanford students wanting personal bound copies (with red covers) of their dissertations, engineer thesis, or DMA Final Project.
Students who have enrolled in dissertation or thesis credits will prepare a manuscript to publish through ProQuest/UMI Dissertation Publishing. You own and retain the copyright to your manuscript. The Graduate School collects the manuscript via electronic submissions only. All manuscripts are made ...
To receive information related to your thesis after graduation, make sure you use a non-OBU email address. Go to the Graduate Theses page ... Provide information about your degree program, your date of graduation, and your committee members, including the exact names of your adviser/committee chair and each reader. ...
This exciting graduate student competition highlights research in a fast-paced and fun way that's enjoyable for everyone in attendance. One scholar. One slide. One panel of judges. And three minutes ot give it all they've got.
Before attending the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Rehders earned her associate's degree in math and science at her local community college. She obtained her bachelor's degree from Tennessee Tech with dual concentrations in organizational leadership and psychology. As a military spouse, Rehders frequently relocates across the country.
As recently as 2011, Tim Walz claimed in official biographies for his campaign and congressional office that he was on the verge of completing a doctorate in education, a decade after he enrolled ...
Colin Gray, the father of the 14-year-old student accused of opening fire at a Georgia high school on Wednesday, has some defenses he can use after he was arrested and charged in connection to the ...
How to Write a Thesis or Dissertation Introduction. Published on September 7, 2022 by Tegan George and Shona McCombes. Revised on November 21, 2023. The introduction is the first section of your thesis or dissertation, appearing right after the table of contents.Your introduction draws your reader in, setting the stage for your research with a clear focus, purpose, and direction on a relevant ...