The Parrot in the Cage by Lekhanath Paudyal - summary and analysis
The parrot in the poem " The Parrot in the Cage " composed by Lekhanath Paudyal is the mouthpiece of the poet. Through the poem, the poet wants to show the pathetic condition of Neplese during the Rana regime that lasted for 104 years.
The Parrot in the Cage by Lekhanath Paudyal [summary and analysis]
The poem ' The Parrot in the Cage ' written by Lekhanath Paudyal is about a caged parrot which laments ( दुखी हुनु ) remembering his happy and free life in the forest with family and relatives.
The parrot expresses its agony ( पीडा ) from the cage in a pitiable ( दयनीय ) way. The parrot, which is the speaker in the poem, has been imprisoned by a human. He remembers the time when he used to live a carefree ( चिन्ता मुक्त ) life at jungle wandering ( घुमफिर ) around the forest eating wild fruits.
But his condition has been changed. He is deprived ( वञ्चित ) of natural life. He is unable to enjoy the cool water, shades, and delicious fruits. Rather he is given rotten ( सडेको ) food. He is no longer able to sing of his own. He is compelled to speak others' language despite his willingness. He is made to speak and sing although his throat is dry.
He can't express his sickness, hunger, and tiredness. He is completely helpless. So, to be free from the cage, he has done many efforts to break the iron bars and fly away. But his attempts to escape ( बाहिर निस्कनु ) away fail. His beak is blunt, his wings and legs have much pain while trying to break the cage. So, he does not have any hope to get rid of the cage.
He thinks of his parents' grief at the loss of the child. He finds a dark future. Until he dies, he is forced to accept human torture and exploitation. He is beaten by a stick if he doesn't sing. So, he curses God for making him able to speak. His ability to speak is the main reason for his suffering. He hates human beings for exploiting their talent and prays God not to give birth to any Parrot as long as there is a Human being on the earth.
The Parrot in the Cage Point to remember
➤ The poem shows Nepalese pathetic condition during the Rana regime.
➤ The poem shows how the autocratic Rana regime exploited innocent Nepalese for 104 years.
➤ The Rana rulers are compared with the Parrot's master and the caged parrot is compared with common and powerless the then Nepalese.
➤ The poem also shows how the then common and powerless Nepalese were deprived of their fundamental rights and freedom.
The Parrot in the Cage in Nepali
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The Parrot in the Cage by Lekhnath Paudyal: Nepali-English Summary, Analysis, Notes & Exam Q&A for BBS, BBA, BSW 2nd Year
The Parrot in the Cage by Lekhnath Paudyal
यो कविता एक सुँगा (तोता) वरिपरि घुमिरहेको छ, जो पहिला जंगलमा स्वतन्त्र जीवन जिउँदै थियो तर अहिले पिंजरा भित्र कैद भएको छ। “पुनर्जन्म भएको बच्चा” को उपमा यसको प्राकृतिक अस्तित्वबाट कैदको जीवनमा परिवर्तनलाई दर्शाउँछ। सुँगा (तोता)ले आफ्नो अतीतलाई सम्झन्छ, जहाँ यो स्वतन्त्रता, रूखहरूमा उड्न, जंगली फलहरू खाने, र जंगलको शीतल छायामा रमाउँदै बिताउँथ्यो। अब, यसको कैदमा, यसले एक्लोपन र निराशाको पीडा महशुस गर्दछ। सुँगा (तोता)ले आफ्नो परिवारको बारेमा सोच्दछ, जसको अभावले यसलाई कष्टदायी बनाउँछ। भाग्यलाई ठगको रूपमा चित्रित गरिएको छ, जसले यसलाई प्रियजनहरूबाट अलग गरेको छ र दासत्वमा धकेलेको छ। सुँगा (तोता)को भाषणको जन्मजात क्षमता यसका लागि पीडाको स्रोत बनिसकेको छ; यसले आफ्ना मालिकहरूलाई खुसी पार्नुपर्छ जबकि स्वतन्त्रताको लागि तड्पिरहेको छ। यसले भाग्यलाई दोष लगाउँदै आफ्नो भाग्यमा बाँच्नको लागि निराशा र हताशा प्रकट गर्दछ। अन्ततः, सुँगा (तोता) मानव अनुभवको व्यापकता, दमन र स्वतन्त्रताको संघर्षलाई प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दछ, जहाँ प्रायः अनुपालनले व्यक्तित्वलाई थिच्छ।
यो कविता एक सुँगा (तोता) बारेमा छ, जो जंगलमा स्वतन्त्र थियो र अहिले पिंजरा भित्र बन्द गरिएको छ। यो परिवर्तन स्वतन्त्रता र व्यक्तित्वको हानि प्रतीक हो। सुँगा (तोता)ले आफ्नो परिवारको अलगाव र कैदको दमनात्मक स्वभावको बारेमा गुनासो गर्दछ। यो आफ्नो अतीतको आनन्द र वर्तमानको पीडामा विचार गर्दछ, भाग्यद्वारा कैद भएको महसुस गर्दछ र आफ्ना मालिकहरूका लागि प्रदर्शन गर्न बाध्य छ। सुँगा (तोता)को भाषणको क्षमता, जुन पहिले उपहार थियो, अब शापमा परिणत भएको छ, जसले दमन र स्वतन्त्रताको खोजीको विषयलाई उजागर गर्दछ, जुन व्यापक मानव स्थिति सँग सम्बन्धित छ।
Interpretation
कविता भित्रको सुँगा (तोता) दमन र स्वतन्त्रताको खोजीको लागि एक गहिरो उपमा हो। यो जंगलमा स्वतन्त्र जीवबाट पिंजरा भित्रको कैदीमा परिवर्तन, व्यक्तित्व र सामाजिक अनुपालन बीचको संघर्षलाई दर्शाउँछ। सुँगा (तोता)ले आफ्नो हराएको स्वतन्त्रताको प्रति गुनासो गर्दा, यो दबाइँ र व्यथाको अवस्था बारेमा गहिरो टिप्पणी दिन्छ। यसको अस्तित्वको द्विविधा— निर्दोषता र निराशाको समन्वय—व्यक्तिहरूका लागि नियन्त्रणमा पर्न सक्ने परिस्थिति प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दछ। परिवारसँगको जडानको लागि तड्पन, सुँगा (तोता)ले पृथक्करण र कैदको भावनात्मक बोझलाई उजागर गर्दछ। भाग्यलाई ठगको रूपमा चित्रित गर्नुले जीवनका अवस्थाहरू निराधार र निर्दयताका रूपमा पेश गर्छ, जसले व्यक्तिहरूलाई आफ्नो इच्छाशक्ति र अस्तित्वका सवाल गर्न प्रेरित गर्दछ। अन्ततः, कविता व्यक्तिगतता र स्वतन्त्रताको मूल्यको समर्थन गर्दछ, पाठकलाई सामाजिक दबाबका बीचमा व्यक्तित्व र आत्म-संवादको महत्त्वलाई पहिचान गर्न आग्रह गर्दछ।
कविताको संरचना नाटकीय एकल संवादको रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ, जसले पाठकलाई सुँगा (तोता)को भावनात्मक परिदृश्यमा डुब्न अनुमति दिन्छ। “पुनर्जन्म भएको बच्चा” को प्रारम्भिक उपमा अस्तित्वको द्विविधा अन्वेषणको लागि टोन सेट गर्दछ। जंगलमा सुँगा (तोता)को जीवित उज्यालो अतीत र यसको पिंजरा भित्रको उदासीन वर्तमान बीचको भिन्नता, पहिचान र स्वतन्त्रताको हानिलाई उजागर गर्दछ। जंगलको शीतल पानी र स्वादिष्ट फलहरूको छवि पिंजराको खड्क र निराशाको तीव्रता संग तुलना गर्दा हराएको स्वर्गको तडप प्रस्तुत गर्छ।
कवितामा भद्रता र पिसाबको प्रयोग सुँगा (तोता)को भाषणको उपहारलाई प्रतिकूलता बनाइदिन्छ। “भाग्य” को निरन्तरता निरन्तर दमनको भावना प्रकट गर्दछ, जसले व्यक्तिको यथार्थता निर्माण गर्दछ। सुँगा (तोता)का भाग्नका प्रयास र त्यसको पछिल्लो पराजय व्यापक समाजिक प्रतिबन्धहरूको बिरुद्धको संघर्षको प्रतीक हो, जसले तिनीहरूलाई बाध्यतामा थिच्न महशुस गराउँछ।
सुँगा (तोता)को अनुभवहरूको भावनात्मक गहिराइ—एक्लोपन, निराशा र रिस—मानव अवस्थालाई प्रतिबिम्बित गर्दछ, पाठकलाई आफ्नो जीवनमा पनि सोच्न बाध्य पार्दछ। कविता यस्तो समाजको आलोचना गर्छ जसले व्यक्तित्वभन्दा अनुपालनलाई महत्त्व दिन्छ। यसले बाह्य अपेक्षाहरू कसरी व्यक्तिगत अभिव्यक्तिलाई थिच्न सक्छ भन्ने अन्वेषणको निम्तो दिन्छ। अन्ततः, कविताले स्वतन्त्रता र गहिरो जीवनको महत्त्वको बलियो सन्देश पठाउँछ, जुन भिन्नता र जिवित मानवीय अनुभूति र जडानको खोजी हो।
Critical Ideas
कविताबाट केहि महत्वपूर्ण विचारहरू स्पष्ट हुन्छन्, विशेष गरी व्यक्तित्व र सामाजिक अपेक्षाहरूको बीचको तनावमा। सुँगा (तोता)को कैदले दमनकारी प्रणालीहरूको विरुद्धको व्यापक मानव अनुभवको प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दछ, चाहे ती राजनीतिक, सामाजिक, वा सांस्कृतिक हुन्। भाग्यलाई दुष्ट बलको रूपमा चित्रित गर्दा, जीवनमा व्यक्तित्व र दुःखको रक्षात्मकता बारेका प्रश्न उठ्छन्। कविता पाठकलाई सोध्न थाल्छ कि सामाजिक मान्यताहरू कसरी व्यक्तिगत चयनहरूमा प्रभाव पार्न सक्छ र साँचो व्यक्तित्वको अभिव्यक्तिलाई बाधा पुर्याउँछ।
संचारको विषय—सुँगा (तोता) कष्ट भोग्दा पनि बोल्न बाध्य हुनु—आधुनिक समाजमा सतही अन्तरक्रियाको आलोचना प्रस्तुत गर्दछ। सुँगा (तोता)को मानव भाषाको अनुकरण गर्ने क्षमता, जुन शुरूमा प्रतिभा मानिन्छ, अब बोझ बनिसकेको छ, जसले सत्ता धारण गर्ने व्यक्तिहरूद्वारा बाह्य प्रतिभाको शोषण गर्नका लागि चित्रित गर्छ। यसको उपहारको विडम्बना स्वतन्त्रता र दासत्वको बीचको संवेदनशील सन्तुलनलाई उजागर गर्दछ, जसले के कुरा गर्न सक्छ र के कुरा गर्न सक्दैन।
कविता अन्ततः प्रामाणिक अस्तित्वको महत्त्वको समर्थन गर्दछ, पाठकलाई आफ्नो जीवन र तिनीहरूलाई परिभाषित गर्ने सामाजिक संरचनाहरूको बारेमा विचार गर्न प्रेरित गर्दछ। यो व्यक्तिगत कर्ता र स्वतन्त्रताको खोजीको आवश्यकताको सम्झना गराउने कसमठ सन्देश दिन्छ।
Assimilation
कविता सुँगा (तोता)को दुर्दशा र स्वतन्त्रता, दमन, र व्यक्तित्वका व्यापक विषयहरूलाई गहिरो रूपमा बुन्छ। सुँगा (तोता)का गुनासोहरूले सामाजिक अपेक्षाहरू र दमनकारी प्रणालीहरूले व्यक्तित्वको अभिव्यक्तिमा कस्तो प्रभाव पार्न सक्छ भन्ने आलोचना गर्छ। भाग्यलाई ठगको रूपमा प्रस्तुत गर्नाले पीडाको निराधार स्वभावलाई उजागर गर्दछ, जसले पाठकलाई आफ्नो संघर्षमा विचार गर्न प्रेरित गर्दछ। अन्ततः, कविता प्रामाणिक अस्तित्वको महत्त्वको समर्थन गर्दछ, मानवताको दासत्व र झुठा परिभाषाहरूबाट मुक्त भएर स्वतन्त्रता र जडानको खोजीको आवश्यकताको सम्झना गराउँछ।
निष्कर्षमा, यो कविता दमन र व्यक्तित्वको संघर्षलाई पिंजरेको सुँगा (तोता)को उपमा मार्फत शक्तिशाली ढंगले प्रस्तुत गर्छ। यसको हराएको पहिचान, भाग्यको दमनकारी स्वभाव, र जडानको तडपको विचारहरू मानव अनुभवसँग गहिरो सम्बन्धित छन्। सुँगा (तोता)को पीडाको माध्यमबाट, कविता यस्तो समाजको आलोचना गर्छ जसले प्रामाणिकता भन्दा अनुपालनलाई महत्त्व दिन्छ। यो पाठकलाई व्यक्तित्वलाई अँगाल्न र तिनीहरूलाई बन्धनमा राख्ने सीमाहरूबाट मुक्ति खोज्नको निम्तो दिन्छ, जुन स्वतन्त्रता, जडान, र एक जीवित जीवनको मूल मानव इच्छालाई सम्झाउँछ।
The poem revolves around a parrot, once a free spirit in the forest, now trapped in a cage. The metaphor of being a “twice-born child” reflects its transition from a natural existence to a life of captivity. The parrot recalls its past, filled with freedom—soaring through the trees, feasting on wild fruits, and enjoying the cool shade and water of the forest. Now, in its confinement, it feels the pangs of loneliness and despair. The parrot reflects on its family, lamenting their absence and longing for connection. Fate is portrayed as a trickster, separating it from its loved ones and forcing it into servitude. The parrot’s innate ability to speak becomes a source of suffering; it must entertain its captors while yearning for freedom. Despite its attempts to escape, its body is weakened, and it feels defeated. It expresses frustration and even contemplates ending its life. Ultimately, the parrot symbolizes the broader human experience of oppression and the struggle for freedom in a world that often prioritizes conformity over individuality.
The poem tells the story of a parrot, once free in the forest, now confined to a cage. This transformation symbolizes the loss of freedom and individuality. The parrot laments its separation from family and the oppressive nature of its captivity. It reflects on its past joy and the pain of its current existence, feeling trapped by fate and forced to perform for its captors. The parrot’s ability to speak, once a gift, has become a curse, highlighting the theme of oppression and the yearning for freedom that resonates with the broader human condition.
The parrot in the poem serves as a poignant metaphor for the human experience of oppression and the longing for freedom. Its transformation from a free creature in the wild to a captive in a cage illustrates the struggle between individuality and societal conformity. The parrot’s lamentation over its lost freedom reflects a deeper commentary on the nature of existence under oppressive regimes. The duality of its existence—embodying both innocence and despair—captures the essence of individuals trapped by circumstances beyond their control. By portraying the parrot’s yearning for connection with its family, the poem emphasizes the emotional toll of separation and confinement. The recurring theme of fate as a trickster suggests that life’s circumstances can be arbitrary and cruel, leading individuals to question their own agency. Ultimately, the poem advocates for the value of authenticity and the human instinct to seek freedom, urging readers to recognize the importance of individuality and self-expression amidst societal pressures.
The poem’s structure presents a dramatic monologue, allowing readers to immerse themselves in the parrot’s emotional landscape. The opening metaphor of the parrot as a “twice-born child” sets the tone for the exploration of duality in existence. The contrast between the parrot’s vibrant past in the forest and its bleak present in captivity underscores the loss of identity and freedom. The imagery of the forest—its cool waters and delicious fruits—contrasts sharply with the starkness of the cage, reinforcing the theme of longing for a lost paradise.
Auden’s use of irony is evident in the parrot’s gift of speech, which, instead of providing agency, becomes a tool of subjugation. The repetition of “fate” throughout the poem conveys a sense of relentless oppression, suggesting that external forces shape the individual’s reality. The parrot’s attempts to escape and its subsequent defeat symbolize the broader struggle against societal constraints, resonating with those who feel trapped by their circumstances.
The emotional depth of the parrot’s experiences—its loneliness, despair, and anger—mirrors the human condition, prompting readers to reflect on their own lives. The poem critiques the complacency of a society that values conformity over individuality, inviting an examination of the ways in which external expectations can stifle personal expression. Ultimately, Auden’s work serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of freedom and the inherent desire for a life filled with authenticity and connection.
Several critical ideas emerge from the poem, primarily centering on the tension between individuality and societal expectations. The parrot’s captivity represents the broader human experience of being confined by oppressive systems, whether they be political, social, or cultural. The portrayal of fate as a malevolent force raises questions about agency and the randomness of suffering in life. The poem challenges the reader to consider how societal norms can dictate personal choices and hinder true self-expression.
Furthermore, the theme of communication—how the parrot is forced to speak despite its suffering—serves as a critique of superficial interactions in modern society. The parrot’s ability to mimic human speech, while initially perceived as a talent, becomes a burden, illustrating how external talents can be exploited by those in power. The irony of its gift highlights the precarious balance between freedom and servitude, as what is meant to empower can also imprison.
The poem ultimately advocates for the importance of authentic existence, urging readers to reflect on their own lives and the societal structures that shape them. It serves as a timeless reminder of the necessity for personal agency and the pursuit of a life that values freedom over conformity.
The poem intricately weaves the parrot’s plight with broader themes of freedom, oppression, and individuality. Through the parrot’s lament, it critiques the ways societal expectations and oppressive systems can confine personal expression. The portrayal of fate as a trickster highlights the arbitrary nature of suffering, prompting readers to reflect on their own struggles against conformity. Ultimately, the poem advocates for the importance of authentic existence, serving as a reminder of the human instinct to seek freedom and connection amidst the constraints imposed by society.
In conclusion, the poem powerfully encapsulates the struggle for freedom and individuality through the metaphor of the captive parrot. Its poignant reflections on lost identity, the oppressive nature of fate, and the yearning for connection resonate deeply with the human experience. By highlighting the parrot’s plight, the poem serves as a critique of societal norms that prioritize conformity over authenticity. Ultimately, it urges readers to embrace their individuality and seek liberation from the constraints that bind them, reminding us of the essential human desire for freedom, connection, and a life lived authentically.
Possible Exam Questions and Answers:
- What is the main theme of the poem?
The main theme is the longing for freedom and the emotional toll of living under oppression.
- What does the cage symbolize in the poem?
The cage symbolizes any form of oppression or confinement, whether political, social, or personal.
- How does the parrot represent human emotions in the poem?
The parrot represents the feelings of despair, longing, and frustration that come from being denied freedom.
- What is the significance of the parrot’s memories of the wild?
The memories highlight the contrast between the joy of freedom and the suffering of captivity, emphasizing the loss of autonomy.
- Why does the poet use a parrot as a metaphor?
The parrot is used as a metaphor for those who suffer under oppression, giving voice to their longing for freedom and justice.
- How does the poem critique oppression?
The poem critiques oppression by showing how it destroys joy and hope, confining individuals in a state of suffering and helplessness.
- What emotions are conveyed through the parrot’s lament?
The parrot’s lament conveys emotions of sadness, despair, frustration, and longing for freedom.
- How does the poet create empathy for the parrot?
The poet creates empathy by giving the parrot a voice to express its emotional suffering, encouraging readers to feel its pain and frustration.
- What message does the poem give about freedom?
The poem emphasizes that freedom is a fundamental right, and any form of confinement or oppression is cruel and unjust.
- How does the poem reflect the political or social context of Nepal?
The poem can be seen as a reflection on the political and social struggles in Nepal, where many people have experienced oppression and long for freedom.
Discuss the significance of the parrot as a symbol in the poem. How does its captivity reflect broader themes of oppression and individuality?
The parrot in the poem serves as a potent symbol of individuality trapped within the constraints of societal norms and expectations. Initially, the parrot embodies freedom, symbolizing the natural instinct to explore and connect with one’s environment. However, its captivity represents the loss of this autonomy, highlighting the oppressive forces that stifle individuality. The parrot’s ability to mimic human speech reflects the complexities of communication and expression; while it can articulate sounds, its true voice is silenced by its cage. This duality serves as a critique of how society often values conformity over authenticity. The parrot’s plight mirrors the struggles of individuals who may feel compelled to suppress their true selves to fit into predetermined molds. Through this symbolism, the poem underscores the importance of embracing one’s unique identity while critiquing the societal structures that limit personal freedom.
Analyze the use of fate in the poem. How does the portrayal of fate as a trickster contribute to the parrot’s sense of despair?
Fate plays a central role in the parrot’s narrative, depicted as a trickster that leads the parrot from a life of freedom to one of confinement. This personification of fate suggests an unpredictable and capricious force that manipulates the parrot’s circumstances, intensifying its sense of despair. The parrot’s lamentation about being trapped contrasts sharply with its memories of the wild, emphasizing how fate has deprived it of happiness and autonomy. By portraying fate as beguiling and oppressive, the poem critiques the idea of destiny as a straightforward path; instead, it reveals how fate can entrap individuals in seemingly unalterable situations. This sense of despair is exacerbated by the parrot’s awareness of its own lost potential, as it grapples with the irony of its existence. Ultimately, the portrayal of fate underscores the struggle between resignation and the desire for agency, reflecting a broader commentary on human existence and the often arbitrary nature of life’s circumstances.
Examine the emotional depth of the parrot’s experiences. How do its feelings of loneliness and despair resonate with the human condition?
The parrot’s emotional journey captures a profound sense of loneliness and despair that resonates deeply with the human condition. Trapped in a cage, the parrot reflects on its past life in the forest, filled with freedom and connection to nature. This contrast highlights its current isolation and longing for the companionship of its parents and kin. The imagery of a sore throat and a lump signifies the physical manifestation of its emotional pain, making its suffering palpable to the reader. Such feelings are universal; many individuals experience loneliness in their lives, often exacerbated by societal pressures and the demands of conformity. The parrot’s cries, described as both mad and sorrowful, evoke empathy and provoke contemplation about the nature of existence. Through its lamentation, the poem articulates a yearning for connection and authenticity, suggesting that, like the parrot, humans often grapple with the tension between societal expectations and their intrinsic desires for freedom and belonging.
Evaluate the poem’s critique of societal norms. In what ways does it challenge the notion of conformity and highlight the importance of individuality?
The poem critiques societal norms by presenting conformity as a source of suffering for the parrot, which symbolizes individuals who are forced to sacrifice their unique identities for acceptance. The parrot’s transition from the wild to captivity embodies the struggle against societal expectations that often prioritize uniformity over individuality. Through the parrot’s forced speech and compliance, the poem illustrates how societal pressures can suppress authentic expression. The critique becomes evident when the parrot laments its inability to live freely; instead, it is compelled to conform to the whims of its captors. This situation reflects the broader implications for individuals who feel compelled to adhere to societal standards, often at the expense of their happiness and well-being. By highlighting the parrot’s emotional turmoil and its longing for freedom, the poem advocates for the value of personal authenticity. It encourages readers to question the norms that govern their lives and to embrace their individuality, suggesting that true fulfillment arises from self-acceptance and the courage to resist conformity.
What role does nature play in the poem? How does the contrast between the parrot’s natural habitat and its current captivity enhance the poem’s themes?
Nature serves as a vital element in the poem, symbolizing freedom, vitality, and the essence of life that the parrot has lost. The vivid imagery of the forest—lush, abundant, and alive—contrasts starkly with the parrot’s current state of confinement in a cage, emphasizing the loss of its natural habitat and the joy it once experienced. This contrast enhances the poem’s themes of oppression and the longing for liberation. The parrot reminisces about the cool water, delicious fruits, and the freedom to fly, all of which represent the fundamental aspects of existence that are now stripped away. Nature embodies authenticity and the unrestrained spirit of life, which the parrot yearns to reclaim. The poem critiques not only the physical imprisonment of the parrot but also the emotional and spiritual deprivation that accompanies the loss of connection to nature. Ultimately, nature’s role underscores the poem’s exploration of freedom versus confinement, highlighting the inherent value of living in harmony with one’s true self and the world.
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