ba to phd

Going From a Bachelor's to a Ph.D. Program

How to Get Admitted Into a PhD Program With a Low Master's GPA

A student who is a top-rate researcher with impressive grades may want to explore pursuing a Ph.D. in an area of interest. There are programs for students to skip obtaining a master’s degree and settle directly into an immersive Ph.D. program that can shave years off of their schooling.

Whether you are considering returning to school for a Ph.D. or are plotting your final year of undergraduate education to go immediately into a doctoral program, there are a few ways to make the transition from a bachelor’s to a Ph.D. as smooth and advantageous as possible.

Why a Ph.D. May be Beneficial

In the past, a bachelor’s degree was the zenith of higher education. However, as more students earned degrees at the bachelor level, the pool of graduate degrees increased as well. This changed the way employers and students thought about a four-year degree and a Ph.D.

Those who strived for higher doctoral degrees became the new norm . Many entry-level positions in certain industries or subjects preferred applicants who had procured a Ph.D. in order to be considered for employment. A Ph.D. hopeful can go into a doctoral or master’s program straight from their undergraduate studies.

GRE and GPA

Most Ph.D. programs require a healthy GPA and a solid GRE score for a student to be considered. A GPA of 3.5 is preferred to get into a Ph.D. program.

Although each program is different, the average GRE scores for admittance to a Ph.D. program are:

• Verbal: 161

Don’t rely too heavily on these scores. A well-researched admission essay that concisely addresses topics that concern the college or department you are hoping to gain entrance to can increase your chances of admittance.

Advantages of a Ph.D. Program

If you aren’t sure if you should take a master’s or Ph.D. program, there are some advantages to the latter. A Ph.D. program can increase the number of opportunities to fund your schooling. There are more scholarships, fellowships and grants available to Ph.D. students than there are for those getting a master’s degree.

If the student is considering a highly competitive career , it may be more advantageous to pass immediately from an undergraduate program and into a respected Ph.D. program. Teachers, researchers, astronomers and physics professors are a few of the careers that benefit from a smooth transition into a Ph.D. program directly upon graduating from a four-year college.

B.A. to Ph.D. Programs

To move from a B.A. to Ph.D. programs, start the application process early to ensure you can create a stellar admission essay and complete all of the exams needed to get into your favored program. Choose a program that is based on the research interests of the faculty as well as the reputation of the school.

There are more than 50 accredited online doctoral programs that take five to six years to complete.

These include:

• Capella University
• Grand Canyon University
• Walden University
• Liberty University Online
• Northcentral University

Ph.D. without a Master’s Degree

A Ph.D. shows the student’s talent for study, research and discipline. A Ph.D. paired with a master’s degree shows that the degree holder has gained more knowledge and has had a much more layered educational experience in the subject. Having both degrees can open more opportunities to the graduate.

Depending on the school, a Ph.D. graduate student may be awarded a master’s degree. A master's is sometimes also awarded to Ph.D. grad students if they complete a few extra courses in their subject of interest. Most research-based degrees offer this pathway to a master's to improve the student’s skills and possible published works.

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Kimberley McGee is an award-winning journalist with 20+ years of experience writing about education, jobs, business trends and more for The New York Times, Las Vegas Review-Journal, Today’s Parent and other publications. She graduated with a B.A. in Journalism from UNLV. Her full bio and clips can be seen at www.vegaswriter.com.

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Northeastern University College of Science

PlusOne Degrees and Accelerated PhD Programs

The PlusOne program allows current Northeastern students the opportunity to pursue both a bachelor’s and master’s degree successively in a condensed period of time. We also offer Accelerated PhD programs in Biology and Physics.

For students pursuing a PlusOne degree, several credits of undergraduate work are replaced by graduate coursework, thus permitting the completion of an undergraduate degree, as well as a full master’s degree, in a shorter period of time than would be possible if students pursued each degree separately through the traditional route.  

In most programs, with appropriate academic progress, students receive the master’s degree one year after completing the undergraduate degree.  

To apply to the PlusOne Master’s degree or Accelerated PhD program you must be a current Northeastern undergraduate student. Interested students should see instructions below for more information before submitting an application. Eligible candidates will complete an online application . No GRE or application fee is required!

PlusOne Programs

BS Mathematics

Program Contacts

Contact your  assigned undergraduate advisor  to determine how your undergraduate courses may count towards the PlusOne program.

For questions related to Graduate course offerings, program content, post-grad career opportunities, and overall program requirements contact:

Solomon Jekel , PhD, Associate Professor

He Wang, PhD, Assistant Teaching Professor

Click here to download a PDF about the Applied Mathematics PlusOne.

BS Behavioral Neuroscience BS Biochemistry BS Biology BS Cell and Molecular Biology BS Computer Science BS Computer Science and Biology BS Computer Science and BNS BS Data Science and Biology BS Data Science and Biochemistry BS Data Science and Behavioral Neuroscience 

Contact  your assigned undergraduate advisor  to determine how your undergraduate courses may count towards the PlusOne program.

For questions related to Graduate course offerings, program content, post-grad career opportunities, and overall program requirements, contact:

[email protected]

Click here to download   a PDF about the Bioinformatics PlusOne.

BS Biochemistry BS Biology BS Cell and Molecular Biology BS Chemistry

For questions related to Graduate course offerings, program content, post-grad career opportunities and overall program requirements, contact:

[email protected]  

Click here to download a PDF about the Biotechnology PlusOne.

BS Biotechnology

Program Contacts:

Click here to download   a PDF about the Biotechnology PlusOne.

BS Biochemistry BS Chemistry

For questions related to Graduate course offerings, program content and overall program requirements, contact:

Tara Loschiavo , Academic Coordinator

Faculty Advisor   – select a potential Graduate Thesis Advisor. One letter of recommendation is required from this faculty member confirming support of the thesis project.

Click here to download a PDF about the Chemistry PlusOne.

All MES and CSSH majors

Contact your assigned  COS undergraduate advisor  or  CSSH Undergraduate Advisor  to determine how your undergraduate courses may count towards the PlusOne program.

Benjamin Dittbrenner, PhD , MS in Environmental Science and Policy Program Director

Click here to download a PDF about the Environmental Science and Policy PlusOne.

BS Marine Biology BS Ecology and Evolutionary Biology BS Environmental and Sustainability Sciences – Earth, Oceans, and Environmental Change concentration – Conservation, Restoration, and Management concentration

Andrea Jerabek , Program Manager

Tara Duffy, PhD , Marine Biology Major Advisor/Three Seas Faculty Head

Click here to download a PDF about the Marine Biology PlusOne.

If you would like to create a PlusOne program outside of the current offerings a  complete PlusOne application is required for review. Select Program ‘Create Your Own’ on the online application. Submit this the form in the Program Plan section of the online application. The form should be signed by your undergraduate advisor and director from your home college.

A complete PlusOne application is required for review.

Contact your assigned undergraduate advisor to determine how your undergraduate courses may count towards the PlusOne program.

Accelerated PhD Programs

To participate  in the program, students must be on spring co-op (Div BA) or skip their last co-op, and must have a 3.5 GPA in their physics courses for accelerated entry into the program. Students can participate by successfully completing the degree requirements, including successful completion of two 7000-level physics graduate courses and one shared 5000 level course before receiving their BS degree (PHYS7321, PHYS7301 and PHYS 5318). All students must email the Graduate Director  by April 1 before the start of their final undergrad year for permission to take 7000 level courses to enter the first stage of the BS/PhD program. Acceptance into this stage will allow students to take the 7000 level courses required for entry to the program, but this does not guarantee admission to graduate portion of the program. Students would then apply formally to the graduate program by December 1 of year 4 (or year 5 for undergraduate students opting for a 5-year BS track), and receive their BS at the end of year 4 (or year 5 for undergraduate students opting for a 5-year BS track).

BS/PhD students will apply to the Physics PhD program by December 1 in the final year of their BS degree. If students meet the grade and course requirements, we will require only standard application materials such as a personal statement, two letters of recommendation, and transcript. These limited application requirements are defined as accelerated admission and contingent upon successful completion of the 2 – 7000 level courses and 1 – 5000 level course. Students must have a grade of B or higher in all three courses to apply for accelerated admission.

Students interested in pursuing the Accelerated PhD in Physics should first contact the Graduate Director, Paul Whitford to express interest and find out more about the program.

Students submit a formal application via Slate . Undergraduate transcripts will be automatically submitted by Graduate Student Services once the application is complete.  No GRE or application fee is required!  Please see application requirements by degree .

Program Contact

Paul Whitford

Students submit a formal application via  Slate   during their final year of the BS program. Undergraduate transcripts will be automatically submitted by Graduate Student Services once the application is complete.  No GRE or application fee is required!  Please see  application requirements by degree .

Yunrong Chai, PhD

Julian Stanley discusses his experience in the Bioinformatics PlusOne program which allowed him to pursue both a BS in biology and a MS in bioinformatics at the same time.

“Through the program, I spent a year splitting my time between learning, teaching, and conducting research, which helped convince me that I would be comfortable continuing to learn, teach, and conduct research during my Ph.D. and beyond.”

Read about it here.

Want to take the next step? Learn more about applying here.

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Rawls College of Business

PhD in Business Administration

Specializations in: accounting finance management management information systems marketing.

Texas Tech is one of 115 universities - and one of 81 public institutions in the nation - listed in the Highest Research Activity category in the most recent Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. At Rawls College, our rigorous research-based PhD in Business Administration program is designed to prepare new generations of faculty to meet future, critical teaching challenges in business.

Within our five specializations, students are provided a foundation in theoretical knowledge and methodological skills. Upon graduating, students can clearly communicate complex discipline-specific research findings and will possess the tools to achieve academic and professional success. Our distinguished faculty are extensively published and nationally recognized for their accomplishments. Often partnering with students on innovative research that leads to co-authored papers, our faculty are committed to building one-on-one mentoring relationships and supporting graduate placement within top-tier research institutions.

PhD Specializations

Offered by the School of Accounting, our PhD in Business Administration with a specialization in Accounting is designed to train students to conduct analytical and timely empirical research to prepare them for successful academic careers. The program leverages the resources and excellence of Rawls College in related fields such as finance, management, economics and statistics.

Our faculty have been published in many elite journals with research interests ranging from audit, taxation, earnings management, oil/gas accounting, corporate sustainability and accounting information systems. Their research accomplishments allow us to provide a challenging and rewarding environment in which students can work closely with faculty, whatever their fields of interest.

Our PhD in Business Administration with a specialization in Finance prepares students to address the many evolving facets of the finance field. Through coursework in finance and supporting fields such as economics and statistics, students become highly proficient in theory, empirical research and the development of analytical tools for solving practical business problems. Students also receive advanced training in research methods, which prepares them to make significant contributions to academic research.

Faculty research, both empirical and theoretical, includes areas such as: the intersection of politics and finance, mutual fund performance, fixed income and investments. Additionally, unique to the finance specialization, students are exposed to the latest research from leading scholars through our departmental seminar series. Upon completing our program, students will be prepared to succeed as academic scholars and excel in university teaching and research careers.

Program Requirements

Comprehensive Exam

Dissertation

Our PhD in Business Administration with a specialization in Management prepares students to become elite scholars who are capable of conducting and publishing high-quality research, while also providing exceptional and creative instruction in the classroom.

By combining our commitment to research excellence with a collaborative approach to education, we have fostered a positive and inclusive learning community that values diverse and innovative thoughts. Students will refine their teaching skills through the instruction of undergraduate classes in their emerging area of expertise and participate in a doctoral seminar taught by master teachers from the Texas Tech Teaching Academy that is devoted to effective teaching methods. Additionally, students will establish one-on-one mentoring relationships with faculty members who are nationally and internationally recognized for their professional and scholarly accomplishments. They can also expect to work alongside their faculty mentor conducting micro-, macro-, and meso-level research using qualitative and quantitative methods in a wide array of topics such as business ethics, corporate social responsibility, sustainability and strategic management.

As one of the first universities to establish a doctoral specialization in management information systems (MIS), our PhD in Business Administration with a specialization MIS provides a theoretical basis for advancing information technology knowledge. Our faculty include top scholars researching topics such as technology acceptance, behavioral decision making, information search, information visualization, quantitative research methods, and business analytics. Additionally, our program is recognized around the world for our research on the application of neuroscience to the study of information systems.

Our faculty are published in many top IT journals with research interests ranging from operations management, information economics, data analytics, linguistics, visualization, data science, and neuroscience. Their research accomplishments and commitment to closely supervised mentorship enables students to perfect solid research skills in preparation for rewarding academic careers.

Our PhD in Business Administration with a specialization in Marketing provides students with a solid foundation in all areas of marketing to prepare them for careers as professional educators. Rigorous course and research activities provide students with an in-depth understanding of the theoretical, conceptual and managerial foundations of marketing. Through our program, students develop new research models/methodologies and implement marketing decision models/techniques.

Our faculty are published in many top academic journals with research focused on strategic marketing, marketing theory, consumer behavior, marketing ethics, branding, sustainability and sales management. Their research accomplishments and commitment to hands-on mentorship enables students to develop strong research skills in preparation for rewarding academic careers.

“I decided to pursue my PhD at Rawls College because of the university's and college's reputation as an R1 Research Institution, Top 100 Business Program, Hispanic Serving Institution, and because the faculty are well-respected and accomplished. The program has a family-feel, and the professors are welcoming, friendly and willing to help at any time.”

Azucena Grady PhD, Management, 2025

“The Rawls College of Business offers a rigorous and rewarding doctoral program. The program has a stellar record for academic placement at leading business schools throughout country.”

Daniel Kuzmich PhD, Marketing, 2024

“Rawls College is a great place to learn, teach, and to make a difference. It has everything that I need to make my academic dreams come true.”

Ehsan Ghasemi PhD, Management Information Systems, 2024

Program Overview

Requiring a minimum of 60 semester credit hours beyond a bachelor's degree, students can begin our full-time PhD program each August. Students are expected to complete the program in five years and are required to enroll in 24 credit hours each year with a minimum of nine hours and a maximum of 12 hours each fall and spring semester while maintaining at least a 3.20 GPA. The first two years in the program prepare students for admission to candidacy by taking courses, qualifying exams, engaging in research projects, and considering possible dissertation topics. In the last few years, when all required courses and examinations have been completed, students are recommended for candidacy for the doctoral degree. Upon admission to candidacy, a three-member doctoral dissertation committee is formed to guide students as they propose, write, revise and defend their dissertation.

Funding Your PhD

Our numerous funding opportunities combined with Lubbock's low cost of living, help us ensure our PhD program is affordable and competitive. Through both Rawls College and the Texas Tech University Graduate School , doctoral students can apply for assistantships, scholarships, travel stipends and research grants.

Assistantships & Scholarships

Nearly all admitted students in good academic standing receive funding support through assistantships and scholarships. Assistantships are generally available for a period of four years and provide students the opportunity to receive an out of state tuition waiver. Additionally, students can qualify for scholarships.

Travel Stipends & Research Grants

Funding is available to support student research and conference travel.

Quick Links

• Current PhD Students
• Faculty Publications
• International Students

Our faculty advisors are committed to supporting the next generation of business educators. Connect with the advisor representing your area of interest to learn more about earning your PhD from Rawls College.

• [email protected]
• 806.742.3184
• PhD Directory
• 8:00 am - 5:00 pm Mon. - Fri.

Ready to Apply?

Take the next step in your journey with Rawls College. Applications for Fall 2023 will open in September.

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RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

School of Science

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Accelerated B.S. / Ph.D. Program

You can receive your ph.d. seven years after starting college..

Earn a head start that provides a great time advantage.

Your next stop after graduation could be a fellowship at the Institute for Genomics Research, or the Fermi Laboratories, or the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)... all at the age of 25.

Rising sophmores with majors in the School of Science who have been at Rensselaer for at least one year with a 3.5 or higher Grade Point Average will be invited to apply in the summer before their second year using the Application Procedure below:

Application Procedure

Application Procedure for the School of Science Accelerated B.S./Ph.D. Program by invitation only. To be considered, students must:

1. Fill out the three-page application provided below.

2. Provide a one to two page resume/curriculum vita. 

3. Obtain an unofficial Rensselaer transcript from Rensselaer SIS. Your transcript must show at least one school year at Rensselaer.

4. Send these three items to [email protected]  with the subject line “B.S./Ph.D. Application”.

5. Obtain two letters of recommendation, preferably from faculty members familiar with your scientific interests and experience. To accomplish this, fill out the upper portion of the recommendation below, email it to your recommenders and ask them to email both recommendation letters and completed forms to Jordanne Schwitzgebel ( [email protected] )

Applications are now closed until Fall 2024.

Documents & Resources

School of Science Accelerated Program Application 2023

School of Science Accelerated Program Faculty Recommendation 2023

Program Information

Earn two degrees in seven years.

The average undergraduate education takes four years and the average graduate time to the Ph.D. degree is five to six years. How can someone do it all in seven years?

• Using AP credits and/or credits from academic research, students accelerate their B.S. by one or more semesters
• Students accelerate their Ph.D. by finding their research topic area during their sophomore year, allowing them to get to work sooner
• Students in this program satisfy all the requirements for the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in their department

Perform Academic Research

Successful applicants spend the spring semester of their sophomore year doing rotational research projects in two research laboratories at Rensselaer. Students may choose a research group from any department within the School of Science based upon common research interests with the faculty research mentors. Once the right laboratory is found, students continue research during the summers (for a stipend) and during each semester (for academic credit).

Transitioning from Undergraduate to Graduate Status

Accelerated students transition into graduate status at the beginning of, or during, their fourth year of study, depending upon credits. The conditions for transition include meeting the requirements of the undergraduate major, maintaining a GPA of 3.5, and satisfactory progress in research. There is no separate application needed to be admitted to graduate school. Once students enter the graduate phase, they receive a Research Assistantship with a stipend and graduate tuition.

Student Spotlights

Caitlyn Moustouka, B.S./Ph.D. Student

I'm a 4 th  year Biochemistry/Biophysics PhD student (7 th  year in the Accelerated BS/PhD Program) working in the Makhatadze lab. My work focuses on understanding and functionalizing complex protein-protein interactions. I've been working on developing a fluorescent protein-based sensor for amyloid fibrils that exploits the inherent affinity of fluorescent proteins for the amyloid structure. This tool is being developed not only to detect and quantify fibrils, but also to help us understand the mechanism of the fluorescent protein-fibril interaction.

The Accelerated BS/PhD Program has allowed me to explore different areas of high-level scientific research early on in my undergraduate education, providing me with the resources to evaluate my interests and goals before committing to graduate school. It's very important to keep an open mind when deciding what areas of science to work in and where you'd like to do your graduate studies. Make sure to talk to your peers, professors, and current graduate students to get their insights, as well!

Christian Franquiz, B.D./Ph.D Student

During my time in the Colón Lab as part of the Accelerated BS/PhD Program, I have focused my research on the identification of kinetically stable proteins (KSPs) within model systems like tree nuts, sesame seed, and fruit seeds. By identifying these proteins and semi-quantifying their kinetic stabilty (KS), I aim to correlate the identified KS with allergy to explore the relationship between kinetic stability and allergy.

I've had the opportunity to present my research at various RPI internal conferences as well as external conferences, including American Chemistry Society and Protein Society.  I would tell incoming students to make good use of your rotations to explore different aspects of your field-even if it's research you may initially enjoy or find inti midating. 

Ahlyia Leclerc, B.S./Ph.D. Student

My name is Ahlyia Leclerc and I plan on entering the field of astrobiology! Particularly, I am interested in pursuing research on the origins of life at hydrothermal vents and extending that by looking for life beyond our planet. I started research in the spring of my sophomore year. I have conducted research on black carbon cycling in salt marsh intertidal systems where prescribed burns have taken place. I used my findings from that to start another project looking at whether or not black carbon can be produced at hydrothermal vents and what implications there could be for the origins of life at those systems. My advice for anyone interested or already in the program is to get to know your professors and don't be afraid to reach out to them. They have your best interest in mind, so forming bonds with them makes this experience even more rewarding. Additionally, some labs may not always be available for research rotations, so putting yourself out there can help put you on their radar or help point you to another lab that is a good fit for you. Be adventurous and open minded in your interests, and also be willing to take chances on yourself. You'd be surprised how much you can accomplish by simply giving yourself a chance!

Carleton Coffin, B.S./Ph.D Student

I’m a 4 th year Biochemistry/Biophysics PhD student (7 th year in the accelerated BS/PhD program) working in the Royer lab. My work focuses on understanding and quantifying the heat shock response to hydrostatic pressure in wild type and pressure tolerant E. coli . I use two photon excitation scanning number and brightness fluorescence microscopy with GFP promoter fusions for key heat shock genes to determine the absolute fluorescence intensity at single cell resolution. The data for all the cells can then be combined to examine the distribution of the response across populations of cells for each promoter fusion. This work will elucidate how pressure resistance occurs in bacteria to provide a foundation to combat the rise in pressure resistant pathogenic bacteria that threaten pressure sterilization in the food industry. This work will also provide a better understanding of how organisms adapt to survive in the deep sea, where the pressure is 100 times higher than at sea level.

The accelerated BS/PhD project has had a very positive impact on my career. I knew going into my undergraduate education that I wanted to go into research and obtain a PhD, so this program was a deciding factor in attending RPI. It also allowed me to work in multiple diverse laboratory environments, allowing me to rapidly expand my knowledge base and my lab skills. When I transitioned to graduate school, I felt fully prepared, and I had already decided on a lab to perform my thesis work in, making the first year experience much smoother.

Getting accepted into this program opens up a wide variety of options for undergraduates to get involved in research. Being accepted into this program shows PIs and the graduate students that you are committed to going into research and that you are one of the top people in your class. Being a member of this program also dramatically increases the chances of getting accepted to work in a lab. Think carefully on which labs you want to do your three rotations in. I personally recommend rotating in three very different labs. It will give you best chances of determining which kinds of research, techniques, and lab environments you like the best.

Ph.D. Admissions FAQs

What graduate degrees does Stanford offer in English?

The English department offers both the Ph.D. and MA degree, but the graduate program is primarily oriented towards the Ph.D. degree.  MA degrees are awarded to Stanford coterminal BA students or en route to the Ph.D.   We do not accept external applicants directly to the MA program.

How long does it take to take to earn a Ph.D. in English at Stanford?

The typical time to degree is 6 years, although it is quite possible to complete all the requirements in 5 years. Most of the first two years are spent in coursework and the qualifying examination. The end of the second year and the beginning of the third year are spent preparing for the oral exam which is usually taken by the end of autumn quarter of the third year. By the beginning of the fourth year students have defined a research project and present this proposal to their committee. The remaining time is spent researching and writing the dissertation

What financial support is available? Are international students eligible for financial support?

All students admitted to the English Ph.D. program receive five years of 12-month funding. Financial support is provided through a combination of fellowship stipend and tuition, and assistantship salaray and tuition allowance. Students in good academic standing also receive funding in the sixth year of the program. Additional funding is provided to support academic and research expenses such as conference attendance and travel.

Stanford's  Knight-Hennessy Scholars program  also awards up to 100 graduate students every year with full funding. Please refer to the Knight-Hennessy Scholars program page for important information.

What are the language requirements for the program?

Ph.D. candidates must prove reading knowledge of two foreign languages. Ideally, applicants will have language proficiency before admission, as it is not practical to acquire two languages from scratch given the rigors of the program.

Will I have opportunities to teach during the program?

Pedagogy is an integral part of our program and we require students to participate in a pedagogical seminar in the first year.  Typically a student will teach three times as a teaching assistant in a literature course. For the fourth course, students will have the option of applying to design and teach a tutorial for undergraduate English majors or teaching a fourth quarter as a T.A.. 

How can I find faculty in my field of interest?  Is it important that I contact a specific professor prior to applying?

The faculty profiles are categorized by field of interest. Applicants are encouraged to contact faculty directly regarding research interests. However, faculty members do not admit students directly as “their own”.  Students are not admitted to work with particular faculty members; rather, we admit the set of students who we feel are the strongest and would benefit the most from the kind of graduate education that we provide.  That is, admissions decisions are not made by individual faculty members, but rather are made by the English Graduate Admissions Committee which includes a subset of the faculty and graduate students.

Is an online program of study or are online courses in English available?

The department does not offer online or distance learning instruction in English.  Students in an English degree program are expected to be in residence.

Can I attend the Ph.D. or MA program part-time?

No, these programs are designed with the expectation that students will be devoting all their time to their graduate study.

Can I start the graduate program in the winter or spring quarter?

No, the department admits applicants to the autumn quarter only.

Can I be a visiting student in the Stanford English department?

Students enrolled as Ph.D. students at other Universities may apply to visit the English department for periods ranging from one quarter to an academic year.  For information, deadlines and fees involved see Research Policy Handbook .

Is it possible to transfer into the Stanford graduate program from another graduate program?

We do not accept transfer students per se.  Students currently enrolled in a Ph.D. program elsewhere must apply through the regular admissions process.  Up to 45 quarter units of graduate coursework previously taken towards a graduate degree may be transferred towards the Ph.D. degree at the discretion of the Director of Graduate Studies after the first year of study. Typically this does not lessen the time to degree since students are expected to complete all Ph.D. requirements (qualifying exam, language requirements, dissertation proposal, dissertation, etc.), though some slight adjustments might be made to how they fulfill some of the course requirements.  

May I request information about your program?

The most up-to-date information about English at Stanford can be found on our web site:  individual faculty and graduate student interests, courses currently offered and degree requirements.  If you have specific questions after perusing our pages, please email us at  englishadmissions [at] lists.stanford.edu ( englishadmissions[at]lists[dot]stanford[dot]edu )  .

Will you mail me application materials?

Stanford’s graduate admissions application is found on-line at:  https://gradadmissions.stanford.edu/apply/apply-now

Can I arrange a visit to the English department?

Prior to visiting, prospective applicants are encouraged to contact the department’s student services manager and specific faculty to arrange individual appointments.  It is helpful to include a little about your background and interests in English in your email.  We do not recommend visiting the department without an appointment as faculty may be busy with prior commitments.  We ask that you do not visit while applications are under review in January and February.

When is the application deadline?

The deadline for admission for the 2024-25 academic year is December 1, 2023.

Am I eligible to apply for the Ph.D. program in English?

You are eligible for admission to graduate programs at Stanford as long as you have either completed a bachelor’s degree from a U.S. college or university accredited by a regional accrediting association; or completed an international degree that is equivalent to a U.S. bachelor’s degree from a college or university of recognized standing.

How selective is the admissions process for the Ph.D. program?

We are able to matriculate about 4-6 students with funding from an applicant pool of 200+.

What does the admissions committee look for when reviewing applications?

In reviewing applications for our Ph.D. program, we look for evidence that the applicant not only will thrive in our graduate program, but will go on to put the training we offer to fruitful use in an academic or a non-academic career.  We look for evidence of:

• academic potential as evidenced in past academic achievement
• an understanding of, and passion for, research
• a good fit between the applicant’s interests and the interests and capabilities of our faculty

What kind of writing sample should I submit with my application?

A sample of critical or scholarly writing, 12-25 pages in length (not including references). This may be an excerpt from a longer work, such as a senior thesis. It should, however, be clear of grading comments and should preferably be in your expressed field of interest.

What kind of information should I include in my statement of purpose?

The statement of purpose should be designed as a narrative presentation of yourself.  We want to know what you’ve done in English or in related fields, why you want to study English and particularly why you think Stanford is an appropriate place for you to do it.  We want to know what your literary interests are.  If you aren’t sure yet what you plan to do in English, that’s fine, but we want to know that you have some idea of the possibilities.  Don’t repeat things that we will learn from other parts of your application, such as your transcript, but do highlight things you think are particularly important, and do feel free to explain any things in your other materials that you are less proud of.  Caution:  avoid telling us too much about your childhood and your fascination with literature.  The statement of purpose should be ideally 500-600 words, maximum 1000, double spaced.

Do I need to take the GRE?

No, the GRE General and Subject Tests are not required for the Autumn 2023 admissions cycle.

I am an International applicant who speaks and reads English. Do I need to take the TOEFL?

Possibly. If you have a degree from an English-speaking institution, you may not have to take the TOEFL.   Please refer to the  Graduate Admissions web page  for queries regarding the TOEFL.

Do I need to have an MA before I apply to the Ph.D. program?

No. Only about 25% of our graduate students had earned an MA before being admitted to the Ph.D. program.

My undergraduate degree is not in English? Does that matter?

While the majority of our degree candidates have an undergraduate degree in English, we have admitted students from other disciplines, such as Art History, Philosophy and even Astrophysics! However, these students had taken an exceptional number of undergraduate courses in English and were extremely well-prepared for a doctoral program in English.

Will you accept recommendation letters from private credentialing services, such as Interfolio?

Unfortunately, our application system does not work directly with the letter service (such as Interfolio) process. Letters of recommendation must be submitted via the Stanford application system. 

Can letters of recommendation be uploaded before I submit my on-line application?

Your recommenders may upload their letters as soon as you name them in the application process and they receive the instruction email and password.  The letters will then be electronically stored until you submit your application.

My test scores, letters of recommendation, transcripts, or writing sample will be late. What do I do?

All materials for admission to the doctoral program, including letter of recommendation, must be submitted electronically by December 1, 2023. Applicants will be notified of the status of their application materials by mid January.

I have been out of school for several years and there is no one left who can write an academic recommendation for me. May my employer write one?

The purpose of submitting letters of recommendation is to give program faculty an indication of your ability to do scholarly research. It is recommended that current or former professors in your major-field courses be asked by you to submit letters, as they would have the best idea of your research potential. If, however, such persons are no longer available to ask, anyone who you think can best assess your potential for graduate study can be asked to write the letter.

I want to send more than the required number of letters of recommendation because I feel this will enhance my chances of being offered admission. Is this true?

It is not the quantity of letters, rather the quality. You should submit no more than three letters.

Can I apply to more than one department?

Stanford policy allows applicants to apply for only (1) one graduate program per year. However, if the department reviewing your application feels you are better suited to another program, they can opt to transfer your file to another department if you authorize this action on your application.

How much does it cost to apply?

Stanford uses an online application and the fee is $125. This method allows applicants to save data and work on their application from any computer on multiple occasions.

Are there any fee waivers for the $125 fee?

For information on eligibility for fee waivers please refer to  Graduate Application Fee Waiver .

What is the status of my application?

We are unable to confirm receipt of application materials if you have not yet submitted your application.  We will try to update application material status on a daily basis. Please note that Stanford will be closed December 21 through January 3 and will reopen on Wednesday, January 4, 2024.

How are applications reviewed?

Applications are reviewed holistically to assess their promise for teaching and research careers. Heavier emphasis is placed on the writing sample and letters of recommendation.

When do you make decisions?

We make every effort to make offers of admission by the last week in February. Notices of admissions status are delivered at that time via the online application system.  Once decisions have been made, you will receive an email alerting you to check your status.

If I am not accepted, can I receive feedback?

We recognize that a great deal of time and effort is devoted to the application and that applicants may wish to receive feedback on how it could have been improved. Unfortunately, due to many constraints, the Department of English does not provide feedback to applicants denied admission. We wish you every success in your future academic endeavors. 

If I am not accepted, can I reapply?

You are required to complete the online application again, which incurs an application fee. Your application should include a revised Statement of Purpose. We can reuse your transcripts, and Letters of Recommendation if you wish; however, if any changes to these documents attest to your improved suitability to the program, they should be resubmitted. We are unable to access documents from other Stanford departments you have applied to previously.

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BA to PhD Procedures

Students entering with only a ba degree must complete:.

(1) A total of fifty-four (54) classroom hours of graduate coursework, including 3 credits of HIST 5940; 3 credits of HIST 6000; and 15 credits (5 courses) of research seminars. No more than nine credit hours can come from independent study or "bump up" courses without approval of the Department's Graduate Committee

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Graduate Program

• Degrees Offered
• Doctor of Philosophy in History
• B.A. to Ph.D. Track

University of Houston Department of History 3553 Cullen Boulevard, Room 524 Houston, TX 77204-3000 713.743.3083

Main Office Carol Aikels Department Business Administrator 524 Agnes Arnold Hall  713.743.0200

Undergraduate Office Aarti Arriaga Undergraduate Advisor 517 Agnes Arnold Hall 713.743.3608

Graduate Office Nandini Bhattacharya Graduate Director 713.743.5769

Michele "Scout" Johnson Associate Graduate Director 713.743.4233

Department Chair Nancy Beck Young 542 Agnes Arnold Hall 713.743.3085

Doctor of Philosophy in History - B.A. to Ph.D. Track

The Ph.D. degree is awarded on the completion of a dissertation that makes a significant contribution to knowledge. The dissertation should be based upon original, independent research drawing heavily from primary sources.  From the beginning of the doctoral program, the student should be investigating possible topics in conjunction with their faculty advisor.

The candidate must also demonstrate a thorough historiographic knowledge in a major and minor field and satisfy appropriate degree-plan requirements. To achieve ABD (all but dissertation) status, the student must complete all course work; satisfy the foreign language requirement; and pass the comprehensive examination.

Plan I: B.A. to Ph.D. Track

The B.A. to Ph.D. recommended degree plan is adapted to meet University funding eligibility for Teaching Assistantships and Graduate Tuition Fellowships for five years (ten semesters).

First Five Semesters, 9 hours each: Fulfill degree-plan requirements for major and minor field coursework and complete any language requirements. It is recommended to enroll in two major field courses and one minor field course per semester.

By the end of the Third year (sixth semester) the B.A. to Ph.D. track student should take their comprehensive exams.

Fourth Year: Research and begin writing the dissertation.

Fifth Year: Write, Revise, and Defend the dissertation.

Degree-plan worksheets for all fields can be found here:

Student Degree Plan Worksheet

Upon applying for graduate work leading to a doctoral degree, students must indicate a major geographic area of study from one of the following: United States, European (Ancient through Modern), Latin American, Modern Arab/Middle East, or Global history.

• Ancient History
• Early Modern England
• Modern France
• Modern European Social and Women’s History
• Modern European Intellectual
• Modern Russia/USSR

Latin America

United states, global history.

Specific field definitions for Ph.D. work in Global history will be determined in consultation with the prospective dissertation committee, subject to approval by the Director of Graduate Studies.  Examples of what might be attempted in this field include America and the world; the Atlantic World; comparative history involving study of two or more countries, regions, or continents; energy and the environment; gender; immigration history; international relations; the Pacific Rim; the Global South; Capitalism and Labor; and race and ethnicity. Students may base their Global work in any of the regions where the department has faculty resources: Africa, Asia, Europe, Global South, Latin America, Modern Arab/Middle East, or the United States. For a detailed list of faculty research interests, please visit the Faculty Page .

For a complete description of all program requirements and policies, please download the Graduate Student Handbook. The material on this website constitutes a brief introduction to the program and the application process.

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• Doctoral Programs →

PhD Programs

• Accounting & Management
• Business Economics
• Health Policy (Management)
• Organizational Behavior
• Technology & Operations Management

Students in our PhD programs are encouraged from day one to think of this experience as their first job in business academia—a training ground for a challenging and rewarding career generating rigorous, relevant research that influences practice.

Our doctoral students work with faculty and access resources throughout HBS and Harvard University. The PhD program curriculum requires coursework at HBS and other Harvard discipline departments, and with HBS and Harvard faculty on advisory committees. Faculty throughout Harvard guide the programs through their participation on advisory committees.

How do I know which program is right for me?

There are many paths, but we are one HBS. Our PhD students draw on diverse personal and professional backgrounds to pursue an ever-expanding range of research topics. Explore more here about each program’s requirements & curriculum, read student profiles for each discipline as well as student research , and placement information.

The PhD in Business Administration grounds students in the disciplinary theories and research methods that form the foundation of an academic career. Jointly administered by HBS and GSAS, the program has five areas of study: Accounting and Management , Management , Marketing , Strategy , and Technology and Operations Management . All areas of study involve roughly two years of coursework culminating in a field exam. The remaining years of the program are spent conducting independent research, working on co-authored publications, and writing the dissertation. Students join these programs from a wide range of backgrounds, from consulting to engineering. Many applicants possess liberal arts degrees, as there is not a requirement to possess a business degree before joining the program

The PhD in Business Economics provides students the opportunity to study in both Harvard’s world-class Economics Department and Harvard Business School. Throughout the program, coursework includes exploration of microeconomic theory, macroeconomic theory, probability and statistics, and econometrics. While some students join the Business Economics program directly from undergraduate or masters programs, others have worked in economic consulting firms or as research assistants at universities or intergovernmental organizations.

The PhD program in Health Policy (Management) is rooted in data-driven research on the managerial, operational, and strategic issues facing a wide range of organizations. Coursework includes the study of microeconomic theory, management, research methods, and statistics. The backgrounds of students in this program are quite varied, with some coming from public health or the healthcare industry, while others arrive at the program with a background in disciplinary research

The PhD program in Organizational Behavior offers two tracks: either a micro or macro approach. In the micro track, students focus on the study of interpersonal relationships within organizations and the effects that groups have on individuals. Students in the macro track use sociological methods to examine organizations, groups, and markets as a whole, including topics such as the influence of individuals on organizational change, or the relationship between social missions and financial objectives. Jointly administered by HBS and GSAS, the program includes core disciplinary training in sociology or psychology, as well as additional coursework in organizational behavior.

Accounting & Management  

Business economics  , health policy (management)  , management  , marketing  , organizational behavior  , strategy  , technology & operations management  .

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Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA) Overview

A doctorate in business administration is tailor-made for busy business professionals. Learn more about this degree and whether it might support your career goals.

Earning a Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA) offers a path toward personal and professional advancement in business. This relatively new degree, first offered at Harvard Business School in the early 1950s, is an option for professionals who want to deepen their understanding of business practices and pursue education beyond the Master of Business Administration (MBA) level.

While typically less well-known than the related MBA and PhD degrees, a DBA may be worth your time, especially if you're interested in practical, hands-on learning and an academic environment where you can explore research-based solutions to challenges you're facing in the business world.

What exactly is a Doctorate of Business Administration?

A Doctorate of Business Administration is a professional degree designed for individuals who want to expand or develop their business skills. Those who pursue this degree typically have experience owning, managing, or operating a business. This allows them to experiment with the theories they study in a real-world situation and seek solutions to problems they may encounter in the course of business operations.

Although the degree focuses on business theory and practice, it differs from an MBA or a PhD in Business Administration. The coursework in an MBA program tends to cover topics relevant to general business management, while a DBA program typically allows for more individual study in a specific area. A PhD program may be more beneficial to you if you want to do academic research or teach at a university.

Typical concentrations in DBA programs

Depending on your school, you may have to select a concentration within your DBA program. Others allow you to incorporate the areas you want to study into your research, creating a built-in concentration to meet your individual needs. Some common concentrations you may find in DBA programs include:

Accounting: Explore investments, taxes, and other topics for a career as an analyst, manager, or chief financial officer.

Business management: Study methods for implementing change and managing people and projects for roles as a consultant, department or division manager, or executive.

Finance: Dive into tools for financial modeling, analysis, and decision making used by financial analysts, CEOs, CFOs, and consultants.

Health care leadership or management: Examine laws, regulations, and systems specific to the health care industry to prepare for positions like hospital administrator, facility director, or executive.

Is a doctorate in business administration worth it?

People have many different reasons for getting a DBA, including learning more about the latest research and theories that apply to their business, qualifying for a new position, or positioning themselves as experts in the field. Some want to transition into a role as an instructor and mentor for the upcoming generation of business leaders. Others see the coursework as an opportunity to explore problems affecting their industry and identify possible solutions.

No matter why you decide to work on this advanced degree, you're likely to enjoy the challenge of the work and find plenty of practical applications for it. Along the way, you may be able to expand your business management skills and distinguish yourself from other business leaders who work in similar roles. 

Specifically, you can refine your ability to identify and frame problems, seek solutions for them, and share your findings with your team. This competitive advantage may be helpful when you're up for a promotion or applying for a position with another company.

Earning a DBA can also increase your earnings potential and job security. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that people with a doctorate tend to have lower rates of unemployment and higher wages than those with a master's or bachelor's degree. In 2021, the unemployment rate for individuals with a doctorate in the United States was 2 percent lower than for those with a bachelor's degree [ 1 ]. Here's how the median weekly wages of the different degrees compare:

Doctorate degree: $1,909 

Professional degree: $1,924

Master's degree: $1,574

Bachelor's degree: $1,334

What can you do with a doctorate in business administration?

The knowledge and skills you develop as you earn a DBA apply to many different areas in business. You can use your degree in various careers, including business administration, executive positions, market research, and more. After graduation, you may find that your newly enhanced skills boost your performance at work, and this may put you in line for a promotion and higher salary — that may or may not be with your current company.

With your doctorate, you may find work in private and non-profit sectors. You may decide to strike out on your own and start your own company. Whether you stay with your current employer or look elsewhere, here are some of the roles you may consider:

Analyst: $93,000

C-suite executive: $98,980

Economist: $105,630

Information systems manager: $159,010

Human resources director: $126,230 

Professor: $76,640

Organizational manager: $105,310

*All data represents median annual salaries in the United States according to the BLS (May 2021)

Read more: 10 In-Demand Jobs You Can Get with a Business Degree

What will you learn in a DBA program?

In a DBA program, you study current research and theories about business practices, including topics like leadership and decision making, as well as how to conduct research at the graduate level. These courses typically build on content taught in MBA programs and help prepare you to work on your dissertation and residency. You can divide the content you may encounter into three broad categories: theory, research, and problem-solving.

Business and management theory

Business and management theory classes address topics like how to lead organizations in the current environment, set up and manage teams of people, and identify strengths and areas of concern in personnel, as well as corporate governance and ethics. These courses help establish the foundation of knowledge you use as you progress through the curriculum. You may apply one or more of the theories you study in your daily work life to deepen your understanding of the merits and deficits of the thinking. This also can inform your research. Examples of these courses include:

Entrepreneurial Behavior in Organizations

Influences and Limitations on Executive Decision Making

Leadership to Create Human Value

Leading 21st Century Organizations

Quality Improvement and Organizational Change

Research principles, philosophies, methods, and design

For many DBA students, researching questions and finding solutions to problems is one of the more exciting parts of a DBA program. The curriculum typically includes introductory courses in research methods and experimental design, as well as how to read and analyze articles from scholarly journals. Sample courses include:

Advanced Statistics and Applications

Archival Research Methods

Creating and Disseminating Research Knowledge

Defining the Dissertation Research Problem and Research Question

Qualitative Research

Contemporary issues and concerns

DBA programs usually include opportunities for students to learn more about contemporary issues that today's business leaders may need to address in their work. These courses can cover topics like global warming, scarce resource management, and cultural responsiveness in the workplace. Depending on the specific curriculum at the school, you may take classes that specifically address these topics or find them embedded in the theory and research courses you take.

How to choose a DBA program

When choosing a DBA program, consider how the program's design and curriculum fit into your schedule and align with your personal and professional goals. You may prefer a fully online program if you're already working full time and have personal obligations. Alternatively, you may prefer attending classes in person because it gives you a chance to give your full attention to the work without distraction. Some schools offer a hybrid course schedule with online classes and weekly or monthly face-to-face sessions.

The good news is that most schools design their DBA programs for working professionals. Not only does this let you keep your day job while you work on the degree, but it also means the professors may be more understanding when an emergency arises. They also try to arrange students in cohorts, so you have an opportunity to develop relationships with other students, share your knowledge, and support each other.

How to get a Doctorate of Business Administration

To get a Doctorate in Business Administration, you have to apply to, be accepted by, and complete a program at a school that offers the degree. Each school sets its own admission requirements, and these may include an MBA or relevant master's degree, professional experience, and evidence of a promising research project. The school may also ask you to explain why you want to earn the degree and whether you have time to commit to the program.

The DBA application process

The DBA application process usually starts when you complete the school's application and pay the application fee. You'll include details like your contact information, education, work experience, and why you're interested in the program. Some schools also ask for professional references and proof of English language proficiency at this stage.

If you make it through the first stage in the process, you may be invited to interview. During the interview, you have an opportunity to demonstrate your critical thinking and communication skills and share what motivates you to complete the degree program. The school wants to see evidence that you will complete the program.

The school you choose may also have additional steps in the application process. This can include an on-site campus visit where you can talk face-to-face with staff. Others may ask you to submit GRE scores or academic references. They will use all the information they collect to evaluate your candidacy.

For many, the first step toward a DBA is earning an MBA. Check out programs like the Master of Business Administration degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, available on Coursera. You can earn this degree in as little as two years from anywhere with an internet connection.

If you already have an MBA, you may prefer expanding your business knowledge and building skills by earning a Professional Certificate such as the Google Digital Marketing & E-commerce Professional Certificate . Learn the basics of digital marketing, including how to set up and market an online store and measure its performance. This can help you choose an area of focus when you're ready to start your DBA courses.

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

Is a dba the same as an mba ‎.

The DBA is not the same as an MBA, but the two degrees share some similarities. Both degrees can be considered terminal degrees for business management professionals. However, fewer people have completed a DBA program, which can help you stand out when you apply for a new job or are up for a promotion. ‎

What is the difference between a DBA and a PhD in business administration? ‎

The most significant difference between a DBA and a PhD in business administration is the focus of the research. A DBA program typically emphasizes applied research and inquiry, while a PhD program tends to encourage theoretical research and the relationship between business theories and their effects on people. DBA graduates are often more likely to pursue careers in the business world, and PhD graduates tend to go into academia. ‎

Is getting a DBA worth it? ‎

Getting a DBA may be worth it if it helps you meet your personal or professional goals, like a new position or enhanced leadership skills. If your goal is to land a specific job, find out the requirements for the position and whether the DBA will help you meet them. Even if you don't have specific career goals, you will likely discover that a DBA program gives you a place to examine problems, explore ideas, and develop strategies that you can use in your personal and professional lives.

Ultimately, the answer to this question is a personal one. Collaboration, personal development, and knowledge building can be more beneficial than a salary for some people. ‎

How much does a DBA cost? ‎

The cost of a DBA depends on the school you choose, but tuition typically ranges between $500 and $1500 per credit hour. This does not include course, application, and registration fees or charges for reading the dissertation and graduation. Overall, you can expect to pay between $34,000 and $125,000 or more for the degree. ‎

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Article sources

1. US Bureau of Labor Statistics. " Education Pays, 2021 ," https://www.bls.gov/careeroutlook/2022/data-on-display/education-pays.htm." Accessed June 20, 2022.

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Application Information

• How to Apply
• PhD Program Statistics
• Faculty & Administration
• Student Research
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The curriculum of the PhD program in Biomedical Sciences emphasizes research training and closely mentored instruction within a human disease-focused framework. A preliminary review of completed applications will be conducted by our PhD Admission Committee. Competitive applicants will be invited to campus to attend an interview weekend; participation in this event is required for consideration of admission to the PhD program. The interview will consist of meetings with faculty and current PhD students.

In addition, candidates will have an opportunity to tour our medical center, research facilities and surrounding community. Based on the results of the personal interview, the PhD Admissions Committee will make enrollment decisions within 10 days of applicant visits.

If you need a reasonable accommodation for any part of the admissions process, please contact us at [email protected] and let us know the nature of your request and your contact information. The program prepares students for successful careers by training them as well-rounded scientists with a strong foundation of knowledge in research design, methodology, presentation and the skills needed to compete for research funding.

Admission Requirements

Completed online application, including payment of $55 application fee.

• Statement of purpose (SOP):  Provide a personal narrative detailing your reasons for wanting to pursue a PhD degree in Biomedical and Translational Sciences. Your SOP should summarize key research experiences and accomplishments and state why you wish to do your PhD training at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. Although not required, you may name specific investigators at Cedars-Sinai with whom you would consider as potential mentors. The SOP is carefully considered in the selection process and is an important component of your application. Please be concise and specific. The SOP is limited to 3 double-spaced pages, 11 or 12 pt font, and 0.5-to-1-inch margins on all sides. If not formatted within these rules, your SOP will not be considered. Please convert your SOP to PDF and upload with your application.
• Letters of recommendation:  A least 3 letters of recommendation (LOR) must be submitted from persons who have supervised or mentored the applicant in a research or academic setting or who have interacted with the applicant in such areas. LORs are carefully considered in the selection process and are very important components of your application. LORs must sent on letterhead and must be sent directly to the graduate program office from the person writing the letter.
• GRE:  GRE scores are NOT required to be considered for admission for the PhD program. However, you may submit your official scores directly from ETS (GRE institution code: 5739) and add them to your application.
• Degree: bachelor's degree (BA or BS) in a biomedical discipline or science-related field from an accredited college or university.
• Official transcripts sent directly to the graduate program office.
• TOEFL scores: For students whose first language is not English, official TOEFL scores are required. These must be sent directly from ETS to the graduate program office (TOEFL institution code 5739). Official MCAT scores are acceptable.

Prerequisites

The following are recommended prerequisites for admission to the PhD program:

• One year each of general biology and biochemistry
• Two years of chemistry (general and organic), including laboratory
• One year of mathematics
• One year of general physics, including laboratory
• Significant experience in a research laboratory

Application Fee Waiver

The PhD program will waive the application fee for applicants who are participating in — or who have participated in — an eligible program for at least a year. The fee waiver is a one-time offer for eligible applicants.

Available Programs

This list of programs is not all-inclusive. If you do not see the program you have participated in and would like to be considered for a fee waiver, please contact the graduate program office .

• Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minorities Students
• Bill and Melinda Gates Millennium Scholarship
• Careers Opportunity Research/NIMH
• Current or past service in the U.S. military
• Institute for Recruitment of Teachers
• Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation
• Ronald McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement Program
• Mellon Minority Undergraduate Fellows Program
• Minority Access Research Careers
• Minority Biomedical Research Support Program
• National Association of African American Honors Program
• Peace Corps
• Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science
• Teach for America
• Jackie Robinson Foundation

You will be required to submit a letter from the program coordinator. Please email this letter to [email protected] prior to submitting an online application to the graduate program. For those students who have not participated in any of the above programs and feel they have an economic hardship that prevents them from paying the application fee, please contact the graduate program office for a fee waiver application.

Applications From Candidates With MD Degrees

Prospective students who hold an MD degree from an accredited institution can be admitted to the program. They receive the same core curriculum as the regular track, with the exception that advance credits for medical school courses in biomedical sciences may be given after an evaluation of prior coursework.

During the first year, up to three laboratory rotations of two months each are required. Because there could be less required coursework in biomedical sciences, this shortened laboratory rotation time is expected to achieve the same exposure as that achieved by regular students who are engaged in the curriculum of biomedical sciences. When a student knows at the outset which laboratory and primary mentor they are likely to elect for their dissertation research, the two required rotations should be in laboratories other than this one. Should there be uncertainty, an additional rotation will be permitted.

During the first year, students are expected to attend and achieve credits for biostatistics/bioinformatics.

International Applicants

International applicants who have graduated from an institution located outside of the U.S. are required to submit an official evaluation of their academic records. Any evaluation service may be utilized. For your convenience, a link to SpanTran can be found here .

Diversity Statement

At Cedars-Sinai , we solicit and encourage applicants who will strengthen our diversity. Cedars-Sinai does not unlawfully discriminate on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, citizenship, ancestry, physical or mental disability, legally protected medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), marital status, sex, pregnancy, age (40 or older), veteran status, sexual orientation or any other basis protected by federal or state law.

Have Questions or Need Help?

If you have questions or wish to learn more about the PhD program, call us or send a message.

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5 routes to getting a Doctorate

While most of those studying for a PhD take the PhD by thesis pathway, there are five viable routes to achieving a Doctorate degree

PhD by thesis

This is the most common means of getting a Doctorate degree. Over the three or four years of research at university, your PhD supervisor will support you as you aim to produce a thesis based on your research proposal .

A thesis is typically 60,000-90,000 words in length - although this can vary between institutions. For instance, the University of Glasgow's College of Social Sciences expects a thesis to be 70,000-100,000 words including references, bibliography and appendices, while the University of Cambridge has set an upper limit of 80,000 words.

Once completed, you'll need to defend your PhD thesis in front of a panel of examiners during your viva voce .

PhD by publication

This route involves submitting previously published work - such as books, book chapters and journal articles, which together form a coherent body of work and show evidence of an original contribution to a particular field of study.

It's often taken by mid-career academics that haven't had the opportunity to undertake a standard Doctorate degree.

Generally, a minimum of five to eight published pieces are required, but this varies between institutions and depends on their length. The published work will be assessed to the same rigorous standards as a traditional PhD by thesis.

You must also provide a written supporting statement, which can range from 5,000 to 20,000 words, and present your work to an academic committee. A supervisor will assist you with selecting which publications to submit and with the supporting statement.

Some universities accept only their own graduates for a PhD by publication, while others restrict this route to their academic staff. In general, you should have graduated from your first degree at least seven years ago to be eligible.

For example, The University of Manchester has published its own Guidance for the PhD By Published Work , with eligibility only extending to current members of staff.

Professional Doctorate

Geared primarily towards current professionals in vocational sectors such as healthcare , teaching and education , and engineering and manufacturing , this type of Doctorate degree includes a significant taught component and a smaller research project.

Professional Doctorates are often taken on a part-time basis and can last between two and eight years. Like their standard PhD counterparts, they usually begin in October or January.

While you won't typically be looking to get an academic job , your research is expected to contribute to theory as well as professional practice. Projects often revolve around a real-life issue that affects your employer.

Several professional Doctorates, such as the Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy), are accredited by a professional body - for instance, the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC) and The British Psychological Society (BPS) - and may also lead to a professional qualification .

Common titles for graduates of professional Doctorate degrees include:

• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
• Doctor of Education (EdD)
• Doctor of Engineering (EngD)
• Doctor of Medicine (MD).

Unlike many professional Doctorates, the EngD is typically offered as a full-time course and is aimed at young engineering graduates with little or no professional experience.

Explore what's currently available at Find a Professional Doctorate .

Integrated PhD

This four-year qualification, also known as the New Route PhD, involves studying a one-year research Masters degree (MRes) before progressing onto a three-year PhD.

Offered by a select number of universities across the UK, integrated PhDs are supported by the government and the British Council through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) . Visit Research Council funding for further information on research and funding for different types of PhD.

The integrated PhD involves a combination of taught materials, practical experience and advanced research. This allows you to learn subject-specific methodologies, while building the transferable skills that will enable you to become a leader in your chosen profession.

Institutions can also develop personalised integrated PhD programmes to meet each student's needs. For example, universities may offer you the opportunity to gain a postgraduate certificate (PGCert) in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education - perfect if you're considering a career as a higher education lecturer .

As PhDs are based primarily on independent research rather than time spent in lectures and seminars, distance learning has always been a viable route for many Doctoral students.

PhDs by distance learning offered by course providers such as The Open University are therefore a good option to consider if you've got family or work commitments or are an international student - as this gives you the chance to undertake Doctoral research without having to live close to your chosen institution. It's also a suitable mode of study if your subject requires you to be based in a specific location away from the university.

For the most part, you'll be in touch with your supervisor by phone, email or Skype/Zoom. You'll need to bear in mind that even if you opt for this form of research, you'll generally still need to attend university for one or two weeks of each academic year for meetings and to receive research skills training. Your final examination may be undertaken either face-to-face or virtually.

With online PhDs, you can usually register as a full or part-time student. The level of fees you pay varies between institutions - some charge the same as for a standard PhD while others offer a reduced rate.

Check that any funding you plan to apply for is available to distance learning students, as this isn't always the case.

Search for distance learning PhDs .

Find out more

• Explore what is a PhD?
• Sort out funding for postgraduate study .
• Consider what to do after completing your PhD .

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• Accelerated degrees (4 + 1)

Outstanding undergraduate students have the unique opportunity opportunity to advance their careers quickly with our accelerated master's (previously called 4+1) degree programs. These programs will streamline your path immediately from an undergraduate program to a master's degree. By combining undergraduate and graduate coursework in your senior year for dual credit, you'll save up to an entire year of schooling and receive both degrees in as little as five years.

Accelerated Programs

BA English (linguistics) to Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages, MTESOL

BA English (linguistics) to MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics

BA English (literature) to MA English (literature track)

BA English (creative writing) to MA English (creative writing track) *currently not accepting applications*

BA English (secondary education) to MA English Education

BA English (writing, rhetorics and literacies) to MA English (writing, rhetorics and literacies track)

Admission Procedure

The Accelerated Program Pre-Application form requires the following steps (junior year - second semester):

• Be in the BA English (Secondary Education) major, with 75 credit hours*, a 3.5 GPA in the major and a 3.0 GPA overall.
• Be in the BA English (Linguistics) major, with 75 credit hours*, a 3.5 GPA in the major and a 3.0 GPA overall.
• Be in the BA English (Literature) major, with 75 credit hours*, a 3.4 GPA in the major and a 3.0 GPA overall.
• Be in the BA English (WRL) major, with 75 credit hours*, a 3.5 GPA in the major and a 3.0 GPA overall.
• Fill out the Accelerated Program Pre-Application form found on the  Department Forms  webpage and email it to the Accelerated Program Coordinator. You will need your undergraduate advisor's signature on the form. 
• You will be notified when you have been marked in the system as a "Candidate" to the accelerated program. 
• Complete and return the signed 4+1 Agreement Form to the Accelerated Program Coordinator before courses begin.

Accelerated Program Pre-Application Due Dates

• BA English (Literature) to MA English (Literature)
• BA English (Linguistics) to MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics
• BA English (Linguistics) to MTESOL
• BA English WRL to MA English (WRL)
• BA English (Secondary Education) to MA English Education

Graduate Applications require the following steps (senior year - first semester):

1. In the first semester taking shared courses for the accelerated program, you will complete a graduate application to the appropriate master’s program. Such an application requires students to submit an online application to Graduate Admissions ( https://webapp4.asu.edu/dgsadmissions/Index.jsp ) along with the following documents specific to each program:

MA English (Literature), MA English (WRL)

• A one-page, single-spaced statement of purpose. This document should explain how the ASU MA English program fits with the applicant's long-term goals.
• An academic writing sample relevant to the field of literary studies. 
• One letter of recommendation from a faculty member in the English department who teaches in your  area of concentration . The letter should also come from a faculty member the applicant took an upper division undergraduate course with (300 or 400 level).  
• Note: apply for the semester you plan to begin the graduate program (the semester after your proposed undergraduate graduation semester).

MA English Education

• A one to two-page statement of purpose detailing the students background, reasons for wanting to do graduate work in English Education, and goals.
• Two letters of recommendation from English Education faculty members in the English department. The letter should come from a faculty member the applicant took an upper division undergraduate course with (300 or 400 level).  
• Note: apply for the fall semester you plan to begin the graduate program (the fall semester after your proposed undergraduate graduation semester).

MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, MTESOL

• Students applying to the MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics should also note which track they plan to pursue (General Linguistics or Applied Linguistics) and why.
• One letter of recommendation from a Linguistics faculty member in the English department preferably from a 300 or 400 level course.
• Note: apply for the semester you plan to begin the graduate program (the semester after your proposed undergraduate graduation semester)

2. The admissions committee will review your file and let you know whether you have been admitted to the accelerated master’s program shortly after the submission deadline

**Please note that 4+1 applicants must maintain the required GPA in their major and 3.0 overall when applying to the graduate program**

Graduate Application Due Dates

• MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics
• MA English (Literature)
• MA English (WRL)
• October 1 for Fall for MA English Education

*90 credits MUST be completed by the beginning of the accelerated program (first semester of senior year).

International Students:

Proof of English Proficiency  is required for our Master’s programs and can be satisfied in one of two ways:

• At least 90 semester hours of undergraduate coursework with a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or higher on a 4.0 scale.
• One of the following results on a standardized English proficiency test: (a) 100 (iBT) or 600 (PBT) or higher on the TOEFL; (b) 7.0 or higher on the IELTS. The MTESOL program will also accept a 68 or higher on the Pearson Test of English Academic (PTEA).

It is important to remember that once you graduate from the undergraduate program and begin the graduate program, you will have to receive a new I-20. Please stay in close contact with the International Students and Scholars Center: 480-727-4776 or  [email protected]

Course Requirements

Students in the MA English Education program develop a deep understanding of the language arts by learning how to access, analyze, and apply theoretical frames and best practices for teaching students in grades 7-12.

For more information:

Undergraduate Advisors Accelerated Program Coordinator: Samantha Franze English Education Program Director: Christina Saidy

Students will complete all requirements for the BA English (Secondary Education Concentration) and for the Master of Arts in English Education . Done separately, these degrees involve a total of 150 credit hours (120 for the BA, then 30 for the MA); however, the accelerated program involves 12 credit hours that are shared between the bachelor's and master's programs, so the total number of credit hours to complete the accelerated program is 138.

Below is a timeline detailing how the program would work from the point of applying to graduation. 

Please note that only six credit hours of 400-level coursework can be applied to the Master’s degree program.

To begin taking coursework for the accelerated program, students must have completed a minimum of 90 credit hours towards their BA.

Important Notice to Current International Students: In order for international students to maintain good standing for their VISAs, they must take a minimum of 9 credit hours per semester (i.e., 3 classes), 6 of which should be face-to-face classes.

MA English (literature track)

Students in the MA Literature program learn how to conduct dynamic new research, sharpen their analytical reading skills, argue persuasively, publicly present their work, and become professional writers.

Undergraduate Advisors Accelerated Program Coordinator: Samantha Franze Literature Program Director: Lee Bebout

Students will complete all requirements for the  BA English (Literature Concentration)  and for the MA English (Literature Track) . Done separately, these degrees involve a total of 150 credit hours (120 for the BA, then 30 for the MA); however, the accelerated program involves 12 credit hours that are shared between the bachelor's and master's programs, so the total number of credit hours to complete the accelerated program is 138.

Below is a timeline detailing how the program would work from the point of applying to graduation.  

*MA students must also demonstrate or provide evidence of competent knowledge of a natural language other than modern English to satisfy the  Language Requirement .

Important Notice to Current International Students: In order for international students to maintain good standing for their VISAs, they must take a minimum of 9 credit hours per semester (i.e., 3 classes), 6 of which should be face-to-face classes.

MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics (applied linguistics)

The master's degree program in Linguistics and Applied Linguistics addresses the study of human language and the application of that study to the human condition through training in linguistics and applied linguistics.

Undergraduate Advisors Accelerated Program Coordinator: Samantha Franze MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics Director: Matthew Prior

Students will complete all requirements for the  BA English (linguistics concentration)  and for the  MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics program . Done separately, these degrees involve a total of 150 credit hours (120 for the BA, then 30 for the MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics); however, the accelerated Linguistics and Applied Linguistics program involves 12 credit hours that are shared between the bachelor's and master's programs, so the total number of credit hours to complete the accelerated Linguistics and Applied Linguistics program is 138.  

Below is a timeline detailing how the program would work from the point of applying to graduation for the BA English (Linguistics) to MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics program – Applied Linguistics track :

To begin taking coursework for the accelerated Linguistics and Applied Linguistics program, students must have completed a minimum of 90 credit hours towards their BA. Please note that only six credit hours of 400-level coursework can be applied to the Master’s degree program.

MA students must also demonstrate or provide evidence of competent knowledge of a natural language other than modern English to satisfy the  Language Requirement . Please note that since accelerated students are on a compressed time schedule, we do not recommend taking ENG530/531 to satisfy the foreign language requirement.

MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics (general linguistics)

Below is a timeline detailing how the program would work from the point of applying to graduation for the BA English (Linguistics) to MA Linguistics and Applied Linguistics program – General Linguistics track :  

Master of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages

The master's degree program in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) is for individuals who wish to build a career in the international field of English language teaching. Through this program, students will develop scholarly and professional understanding in four main areas that are central to TESOL: language, learning, research methods, and teaching methods.

Graduates of the MTESOL program have been successful in finding employment in a variety of TESOL-related positions locally, nationally, and internationally. When students list their degree and other credentials on a CV or other documents, it is important that they use the official degree name: MTESOL, Master of TESOL, Master of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages. Using a similar but incorrect name such as "MA in TESOL" or "MA in ESL" creates not only confusion but may be interpreted as falsely representing credentials.

Undergraduate Advisors Accelerated Program Coordinator: Samantha Franze MTESOL Program Director: Matthew Prior Director of Internships: Ruby Macksoud

Students will complete all requirements for the  BA English (linguistics concentration)  and for the  MTESOL degree . Done separately, these degrees involve a total of 150 credit hours (120 for the BA, then 30 for the MTESOL); however, the accelerated program involves 12 credit hours that are shared between the bachelor's and master's programs, so the total number of credit hours to complete the accelerated program is 138.  

* These two electives may consist of other LIN or APL courses, or with the director’s approval, ENG/FMS courses, or courses outside the English department (e.g., education, school of international letters and cultures, speech and hearing science, psychology). MTESOL students must also demonstrate or provide evidence of competent knowledge of a natural language other than modern English to satisfy the  Language Requirement . Please note that since accelerated students are on a compressed time schedule, we do not recommend taking ENG530/531 to satisfy the foreign language requirement.

^Students must take LIN 584 Internship even if they took ENG 484 Internship as an undergraduate. Note: One course in which students can get practical teaching experience is LIN584-MTESOL practicum internship. This is a required course, so all students must take it once; but, students also have the option of taking it more than once, in which case the additional time(s) it is taken could count as an elective(s).  Questions about LIN484/LIN584 can be directed to the English department’s internship director ( [email protected] ). 

To begin taking coursework for the accelerated program, students must have completed a minimum of 90 credit hours towards their BA. Please note that only six credit hours of 400-level coursework can be applied to the Master’s degree program.

MA English (writing, rhetorics and literacies track)

The MA Writing, Rhetorics and Literacies program emphasizes rhetorical strategies of oral, written, material, and digital texts through classical and contemporary theories, methods, and contexts.

Undergraduate Advisors Accelerated Program Coordinator: Samantha Franze Writing, Rhetorics and Literacies Program Director: Mark Hannah

Students will complete all requirements for the  BA English (writing, rhetorics and literacies concentration)  and for the  MA English (writing, rhetorics and literacies track) degree . Done separately, these degrees involve a total of 150 credit hours (120 for the BA, then 30 for the MA); however, the accelerated program involves 12 credit hours that are shared between the bachelor's and master's programs, so the total number of credit hours to complete the accelerated program is 138.  

MA students must also demonstrate or provide evidence of competent knowledge of a natural language other than modern English to satisfy the  Language Requirement .

MA English (creative writing track)

Currently not admitting to this track or accepting applications.

The Creative Writing track under the MA in English will provide qualified students access to an outstanding and diverse faculty of teaching-writers. The track seeks to support the artistic growth of student-writers through access to writing workshops affiliated with the nationally ranked MFA program in Creative Writing while also providing clear, practical value. Students in the BA/MA program will be superiorly prepared to apply for graduate terminal degrees in the field and enhance their profile on the job market.

Undergraduate Advisors Creative Writing Program Manager: Justin Petropoulos

Students will complete all requirements for the BA English (Creative Writing Concentration) and for the MA English (Creative Writing Track) . Done separately, these degrees involve a total of 150 credit hours (120 for the BA, then 30 for the MA); however, the accelerated BA/MA program involves 12 credit hours that are shared between the bachelor's and master's programs, so the total number of credit hours to complete the accelerated BA/MA program is 138.

Meet with an undergraduate advisor and the Creative Writing Program Manager.

The shared ENG 400 level literature elective must be approved by the Creative Writing Program Manager.

Note: The courses in bold are credit hours that will be shared between the bachelor's and master's programs.

Take the following courses:

18 credit hours at the 500 or 600 level.

Term 1 of graduate program

Term 2 of graduate program

*If students use a 500-level language course to fulfill the Foreign Language  requirement, it can satisfy one of the electives.

Meet with the Creative Writing Program Manager.

To begin taking coursework for the accelerated BA/MA program, students must have completed a minimum of 90 credit hours towards their BA.

*Also, students must demonstrate or provide evidence of competent knowledge of a natural language other than modern English, to be selected by the student, subject to approval of the MA Literature director.  ( Language Requirements ).

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Accelerated PhD, for Students Entering with a Bachelor's Degree

This option allows highly-qualified students to enter our Master’s degree program with the intention of continuing for a doctoral degree. It emphasizes academic, research, and professional development tailored for the PhD degree so that students can move quickly into doctoral studies.

The program is designed to take approximately 5 years, although actual time to degree varies by student. Alternatively, students with a Bachelor's Degree may wish to consider applying to our Master's program with a view to transferring to the PhD program after their second year.

Students enter the PhD program intending to work with a particular faculty member, who then serves as their primary advisor and committee chair. The advisor, who may be any member of the GGIS graduate faculty, will aid the student in formulating a tentative degree program comprising the most appropriate courses according to their background, interests, and career objectives. The student and advisor should meet regularly to discuss progress and future plans. Effective communication between student and advisor are critical for success. Either the student or the faculty advisor is free at any time to request a change in advising assignment.

Early in the fall semester of the second year, the student and their advisor will select two additional faculty members to serve on the student’s Advisory Committee. The student, advisor, and other committee members will meet at the end of this semester and near the end of every semester thereafter (until the student earns a Master's degree), each time discussing the student’s progress with him/her and reporting that progress to the Graduate Committee through the advisor. Changes to the Committee may be made at any time with approval of both the student and advisor.

PhD Requirements

The Graduate College requires that at least 96 hours of graduate coursework be completed for the PhD degree. Graduate coursework is defined as courses at the 400-level or above. The program of study for the PhD for students entering the program with a Bachelor’s degree has two distinct phases. The first two years are primarily devoted to coursework and completion of a research paper of publishable quality which is reviewed by the student’s committee.

Based on the research paper and the student’s performance in the program, the committee decides whether or not the student is eligible to continue in the PhD program beyond the second year. At this stage a student may be awarded a Master's Degree without being given permission to continue in the Geography program. The second phase of the program involves completion of PhD requirements including additional course requirements, the departmental qualifying exam, University Preliminary Exam and dissertation defense and deposit.

All graduate students are required to maintain a 3.0 (B) or better GPA. Any required course must be passed with an A or B grade. Although the students are informed of their status during their entire graduate program, the primary responsibility for meeting Graduate College and departmental requirements, and for insuring good progress toward degree completion, lies with the student.

Geography doctoral Degree Requirements, Entering with an approved BS/BA degree

College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences    > Department of History    > History, PhD

The Department of History offers PhD degrees in United States, European, Latin American, Ancient, Modern Arab/Middle East, and Transnational history in all chronological periods.  Transnational scholarship may include America and the world; the Atlantic World; comparative history involving study of two or more countries, regions, or continents; energy and the environment; gender; immigration history; international relations; the Pacific Rim; and race and ethnicity.  Students may base their Transnational work in any of the regions where the department has faculty resources:  Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, Modern Arab/Middle East, or the United States.

Admission Requirements

The University of Houston sets minimum standards for graduate admissions, but the Department of History has established supplemental requirements. All students seeking admission into the graduate program in History must complete an online application from the University Office of Admissions. The deadline for applications is January 1. All application materials must be received by that date. All applications are accepted to begin in the Fall semester only.  Please consult the History Department website:  http://www.uh.edu/class/history or contact the graduate advising assistant for detailed information on requirements and procedures .

• Overall 3.67 (A-) average on all graduate work attempted (for applicants to the MA to PhD track) or overall 3.67 (A-) average on the last sixty (60) hours of undergraduate course credit (for applicants to the BA to PhD track).
• A minimum of 18 hours in history or other relevant courses with a 3.67 (A-) average.
• Demonstrate a reading proficiency in at least one foreign language before or during the first semester of residence in the PhD program.
• Three letters of recommendation.
• A one- to two-page personal statement indicating the applicant’s academic interests is required.
• A writing sample.
• Official transcripts from every college and university attended.
• University of Houston online graduate application.
• A non-refundable application fee. 

Degree Options and Requirements

B.a. to ph.d. track:.

The Ph.D. Program provides the training necessary for careers in college teaching and historical research. Some students also may wish to pursue the Ph.D. for careers in a variety of public history or applied history fields. This track is intended for students who have earned a B.A. in history or a related discipline. Reading knowledge in at least one foreign language is required.  The degree requires a minimum of fifty-four (54) hours of credit in graduate-level (6000) courses, including coursework and nine (9) dissertation credit hours.

M.A. to Ph.D. Track:

The Department of History offers a separate curriculum plan for graduate students who have earned an M.A. in history or a related discipline. Reading knowledge in at least one foreign language is required.  The degree requires a minimum of forty-five (45) hours of credit in graduate-level (6000) courses, including coursework and nine (9) dissertation credit hours.

The Ph.D. degree is awarded on the completion of a dissertation that makes a significant contribution to knowledge. The dissertation should be based upon original, independent research drawing heavily from primary sources.  From the beginning of the doctoral program, the student should be investigating possible topics in conjunction with the faculty advisor.

Additional information concerning required courses in major and minor fields, examinations, residency requirements, and the like should be obtained from the Department of History’s website: http://www.uh.edu/class/history/ .

College of Education

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B.A.-Ph.D. in Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, with Higher Education Administration Emphasis

Rewatch our info session.

Thinking about advancing your career in K-12 schools, as a higher education professional administrator, or as a college/university professor?

Program Coordinator

Dr. maria trache.

Professor, Educational Leadership and Policy Studies

Research Interests: Higher ed, K-16 pathways, life course res, STEM ed, internationalization, labor market, social equity

Email: [email protected]

Phone #: 817-272-2109

Office: Trimble Hall 103 F

Bio: Dr. Maria Trache is a professor in the College of Education, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies since August 2011, following 14 years as Statistical Consultant and Research Manager at the University of British Columbia and over 15 years as a faculty at the University of Bucharest. She brings over 30 years of combined teaching and research experience from both science and social sciences to UTA. As an educational researcher, Dr. Trache focuses on equity issues in higher education and the labor market by examining the effects of structural differences at the intersection of gender, race, social class, immigrant status, disability. Her research is informed by theoretical frameworks from sociology, economics of education, and life course research. She has expertise in advanced quantitative methods, survey methods and analysis of large-scale survey data. Dr. Trache is author/co-author of about 45 publications in peer-reviewed journals, edited books, working paper series. She currently serves as a member on the Sociology/Demography Insight Grants Selection Committee for the Social Sciences & Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC).

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Graduate Recruiter

Students accepted in the M.Ed. with Higher Education Administration Emphasis can elect, with program approval, to pursue the integrated BA-Ph.D. track which allows students to start doctoral work earlier and transfer into the Ph.D. program upon completion of 30 SCH in the Master of Educational Leadership and Policy studies with Higher Education Emphasis program, and after two evaluations of their academic progress.

Admission Information

Course of study, core courses, higher education emphasis courses.

View degree program in catalog

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Get information about College of Education programs, admissions requirements, and more.

ELPS Ph.D. alumni have gone on to serve as:

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• DBA vs PhD – Differences Explained
• Types of Doctorates

Is a DBA and PhD Equivalent?

A  Doctor of Business Administration  (DBA) is equivalent to a  Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); however, there are fundamental differences between these two doctoral degrees. These differences are nearly always at the centre of DBA vs PhD discussions, and they stem from the intended career path of the student following their degree.

A PhD focuses on the ‘ theory ’ underpinning business management, whereas a DBA focuses on the ‘ practical ’ concepts. Those who complete a PhD in business management usually do so as they wish to pursue a career in research or academia. Those who complete a DBA do so as they want to pursue a more advanced role in the business industry or within their organisation.

What Is a PhD?

A PhD is a doctorate degree and is the highest postgraduate qualification awarded by universities. It involves undertaking original research in a narrow subject field and typically takes 4 years to complete.

A PhD in Business Administration provides an individual with a specialised and research-based background for a topic in the business management field. This is one of the key reasons it’s sought after by those who wish to work in business-related academia or research.

What Is a DBA?

A  Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) is a business-orientated professional doctorate. Like a PhD, it is the highest-level postgraduate qualification which you can obtain from a university.

The degree programme focuses on providing practical and innovative business management knowledge which can apply to any workplace. DBAs are designed for experienced practitioners such as senior managers, consultants and entrepreneurs who want to further their practical abilities.

This form of doctorate was first introduced as a way of allowing a distinction to be made between experienced practitioners and expert practitioners. The doctorate is an equal alternative to a traditional PhD and is an advanced follow-up for a  Master’s in Business Administration  ( MBA ).

Research Scope

A noticeable difference between a PhD and a DBA is the research topic. A PhD candidate selects a research project of theoretical value to the academic environment. A DBA candidate selects a research project which has a practical application to the business environment.

This means that while the research topic for a PhD will centre around a gap in knowledge of existing theories, the topic for a DBA will usually focus on developing a new theory or innovatively improving an existing one.

DBA students typically choose research topics based on real-life scenarios they are facing or have faced. This is contrary to a PhD student where their research topic usually centres around a topic they don’t have first-hand experience in.

Programme Structure

A PhD usually takes 4 years to complete while a DBA degree takes between 4 – 7 years to complete, with most students requiring 6 years.

Due to DBA students being working professionals, nearly all DBA degree programmes are part-time courses carried out under a ‘distant learning’ arrangement. This is opposite to PhD programmes where most are offered as full-time projects which require extensive amounts of physical presence on the university’s campus.

Another difference in the programme between PhDs and DBAs is that PhDs have no taught components, while DBAs have a significant number of taught components .

Due to these taught components, DBA programmes are split into two sections . The first section is 2 years long and covers the taught elements of the degree and involves completing coursework. A wide range of specialist business management topics are covered, such as market theory , resource partitioning , and organisational development . These first two years provide you with advanced business knowledge and develop your research and analytical skills to prepare for your individual research project. The remaining 2 to 5 years is for you to undertake your individual research project; this is the second section.

As part of your research project, you will have to produce a thesis . The thesis will outline your methods and results and include a discussion of your research findings. Although the word count will vary for each university, most use an upper word count of around 60,000 words. Besides this, you will also need to defend your work during an oral examination known as a ‘ viva voce ’.

During your degree, you’ll likely have several opportunities to present your research at conferences, universities and related organisations.

Tuition Fees

To fairly represent the two sections of DBA programmes, universities usually adopt two sets of annual tuition fees. These fees vary widely between universities:

• The first set covers the first two years of the programme and is typically between £13,000 – £30,000 per year.
• The second set of annual tuition fee covers the remaining years and generally is between £4,000 – £9,000 per year.

The reason for this difference in fee is that the first two years will heavily utilise the university’s resources and a professor’s time to deliver the taught modules.

In contrast, the average cost of a full-time PhD is fixed throughout its full duration and is typically around £4,700 per annum. Given this difference in tuition fee and programme duration, a DBA is approximately two to three times more expensive than undertaking a PhD.

Besides having a greater reliance on a university’s resources, another reason DBA programmes cost more than a PhD is because of the differences in the students undertaking them. A PhD student is usually a young individual who has just completed a Master’s degree and has little to no working experience. On the opposite side of the spectrum, a DBA student will be an older individual with up to 10 years of professional working experience, and will likely still be working alongside their studies. As a result, universities can set a higher tuition fee due to DBA students being financially stronger.

Funding Opportunities

Compared to PhD programmes, DBAs don’t have as much access to funding opportunities.

DBA students can apply for Doctoral Loans or try to secure funding from external sources. The most accessible source of these external sources will always be their employer. While their employer may not cover the full tuition fees, they may subsidise part of it and help supply you with data and other resources you may need.

Entry Requirements

As DBAs are intended for experienced practitioners, you will be expected to have significant experience in your field. Although the entry requirements will differ between universities, most business schools will require you to have at least ten years of professional work experience with at least five years in a senior management or leadership position.

Most universities will also require you to have a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) or an equivalent Master’s degree in a business management subject. Depending on the strength of your bachelor’s degree and the significance of your professional working experience, you could still be enrolled into a DBA programme without a relevant Master’s degree; however, you will need to demonstrate why you are a strong DBA candidate.

As part of your application, most universities will also require you to prepare and submit a short research proposal. A research proposal outlines the ‘what, why and how’ of your intended research project.

Similar to PhD programs, you will need to meet English language requirements should English not be your first language. These requirements are usually:

• a minimum overall IELTS score of 7.0, with no less than 6.5 in each component,
• a minimum overall Pearson Test of English (PTE) of 70, with no less than 62 in each component.

PhD vs DBA Salaries

Typically, DBA graduates earn more than business management PhD graduates. This is because a DBA focuses on the practical applications of business management, and as such, what students learn can be applied in professional practice in their industry.

Due to this practical aspect, a DBA graduate becomes well suited for top leadership positions such as Operation Managers , Managing Directors and CEOs .

On the other hand, a PhD provides graduates with applied research skills and the ability to theorise, understand and develop business management concepts. This makes them better suited for a research or academic career. These positions attract less pay compared to leadership roles in large organisations.

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April 5 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM AT&A Auditorium, Room B2.4750 ( View in Google Map )

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Event Description

Characterizing and Targeting the Genomic Consequence of ATRX Deficiency in Glioma

Advisor: Jason Huse, MD, PhD

Mutational inactivation of histone chaperone ATRX (a-thalassaemia/mental retardation X-linked) represents a defining molecular feature in several cancers, including malignant glioma. As standard of care only leads to transient responses and poor outcomes, there is an unmet clinical need for developing new therapies that target ATRX-deficient glioma. Loss of ATRX gives rise to abnormal G-quadruplex DNA secondary structures at GC-rich sites of the genome, such as telomeric and pericentromeric regions, enhancing replication stress and genomic instability. These mutations are mutually exclusive with TERT promoter mutations, promoting the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway as a telomere maintenance mechanism in ATRX-deficient glioma. Recently, a class of agents known as G4 stabilizers demonstrated strong therapeutic promise, however, the genomic consequences and efficacy of this treatment are poorly understood. Studying the molecular changes induced by and efficacy of G4 stabilizers in the treatment of ATRX-deficient glioma will advance the development of novel targeted therapies for this invariably fatal cancer.

Building upon earlier work, we evaluated the mechanisms of action and efficacy of the G4 stabilizer CX-5461 as both a single agent and in combination with ionizing radiation (IR), a mainstay in the current standard of care, using patient-derived glioma stem cell (GSC) preclinical models. We found that ATRX-deficient GSCs demonstrate dose-sensitive lethality to CX-5461, relative to ATRX-intact controls. Mechanistic studies revealed that CX-5461 disrupted histone variant H3.3 deposition, enhanced replication stress and DNA damage, activated p53-independent apoptosis, and induced G2/M arrest selectively in ATRX-deficient GSCs. These data were corroborated in vivo , where combinational treatment profoundly delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival exclusively in mice bearing ATRX-deficient GSC flank xenografts. Histopathological analyses revealed decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, and significant induction of G4s, replication stress, and DNA damage in CX-5461-treated tumors, both alone and in combination with IR. Furthermore, systemic CX-5461 treatment induced tangible pharmacodynamic effects in ATRX-deficient intracranial GSC models, despite suboptimal central nervous system (CNS) penetration. Additionally, we conducted proof-of-concept studies in sarcoma models and found that CX-5461 induces dose-sensitive lethality, enhances replication stress and DNA damage, and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in ATRX-deficient sarcoma cells, relative to ATRX-intact controls. These data implicate G4 stabilization as an effective treatment strategy with direct applications to other ATRX-deficient malignancies. Lastly, as DNA damage at telomeres is thought to drive the ALT pathway, we investigated the impact of G4 stabilization on ALT and found that CX-5461 does not inhibit ALT activity in ATRX-deficient glioma and sarcoma models. In its totality, this dissertation demonstrates efficacy and defines mechanisms of action for G-quadruplex stabilization as a novel therapeutic strategy targeting ATRX-deficient cancer, laying the groundwork for clinical translation,

Advisory Committee: Jason Huse, MD, PhD, Chair Jian Hu, PhD Alexander Lazar, PhD Kunal Rai, PhD William Plunkett, PhD Ahsan Farooqi, MD, PhD

Attend via Zoom Meeting ID: 818 6642 5319 Password: 803381