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Art During the Renaissance Essay

Introduction.

The word renaissance refers to a change of state or a revival. It is in context the change in cultural activities recorded among the European countries in the early times beginning from fourteenth century to the seventeenth century. The cultural change brought transformation in many aspects of lives.

Among the aspects transformed were economics, politics, social dynamics, religion, art and philosophy. This paper seeks to discuss a defining aspect of renaissance in a personal perspective. The paper will examine the state of art as a defining element of the renaissance period. It will examine the changing aspects of art that took place during the period.

Art- The Defining Element of Renaissance

Art is the category of elements that are “subject to aesthetic criteria”. It refers to the things that pertain to skills and techniques, involving emotional appeal in a significant way. Renaissance in general took place in the fifteenth and the sixteenth century. [1] It was a moment of change that saw the transformations of the historical middle period human beings to the current modern man.

Though the artistic revolution is considered in this article as the major element of the renaissance, it was a result of the revolutions in the other elements such as the scientific, philosophical and the linguistic advancements. The advancement of knowledge and themes was a motivation to the development of better techniques and styles in the field of art.

The identity of the art as a form of creation and respect accorded to the artists for their skills became a boost to the development of art during the period. The artistic renaissance can be distinguished into three categories: the first category is known as the early renaissance followed by high renaissance and lastly the late renaissance. [2]

The new era of art in Italy was marked in Florence. The developments saw the inclusion of mathematical aspects that enabled a three dimensional representation in painting. This development was achieved as early as the fifteenth century. The then early painting methods were at best crude. There were two commonly used methods: tempera and fresco. One technique, the tempera, involved painting on a dry plane.

Colors from items like vegetables and eggs were used to copy expressions from drawings. Another technique, the fresco, was done on wet surface. This latter technique was mostly used in paintings for church use. On drying of the plaster used, the drawing colors became part of the painting.

The evolution saw the establishment of a painting school that trained on a two dimensional picture production. The religious paintings at that moment brought about sense of respect and nobility and triggered peoples’ emotions and interest on the painted pictures; most of this was in respect to religion.

High Renaissance

The high renaissance began in the time of the renowned Leonardo da Vinci. The paintings of the time were more enhanced with more identifiable originality. The artistic qualities like landscaping and expression of attitude and gesture was then evident in the paintings.

The paintings were expressed in “simplicity; austere rejection of the incidental and the merely pretty; nobility and grandeur in the figures involved in actions of depth and significance.” [3] The art of painting was taken a notch higher by the introduction of oil paints. Further developments followed into the spread of art revolution to outside Italy. [4]

According to Paoletti and Radke, the field of art had developed significantly by the fifteenth century. They depict a painted picture of an organized scene that involved quite a number of aspects.

The description, according to the authors, was a painting of the 15 th century. This illustrates how drastic the developments were during the renaissance period. The evolution by this time had taken a totally different dimension with clarity in the paintings. Other important developments were the introduction of tempera, oil paintings, mosaic and stained glass among others.

The developments also saw a variety of styles and tone to express emotions and situations. Different styles were introduced on different subjects depending on whether they were devotional or narrative. The art renaissance was an effective element during the 14 th century in urban centers where Christian religious monuments and designs of structures was a necessity. [5]

According to Brotton, a study in England indicates that art and individuality were celebrated as “defining features of renaissance.” [6] Elements like politics, science and economics have dismissed on the grounds of being irrelevant to the aspect of renaissance.

Art has been accredited by appraisal words like “the pleasure of the sense and the imagination.” [7] Art in its aspects was more identified as an element of the change than the other aspects.

During the renaissance artists represented the observable features of the world in a more precise and natural way. Though in a negatively perceived way, the artistic monuments that were put in churches were the major reason for the protestant movement that saw the revolt against the Roman Catholic Church. The Catholic Church however still used the artists to make appeals to people.

The protestant movement was perceived as a break through to real worship among Christians and the perceived freedom of worship can be attributed to the art presentations that were put in the catholic churches.

Besides the religious revolution, art is still being used to pass religious information in terms of paintings even at the current time. [8]

Graham also recounted that the patrons of renaissance in Italy competed among themselves in artistic works that, in their opinion, would give them immortality. A very important aspect about art was raised; patrons of renaissance themselves identified art as a tool to immortality.

The association of the patrons, not just of art but of the entire renaissance, to associate with art is enough credibility. The association of art to immortality can also be seen as the status that was accorded to art at that time. The interaction of these patrons with the artists accorded status not only to the artists, but to the entire field of art. [9]

Another credit to the art aspect of renaissance is the information about Filippo Breunelleschi. Fillippo who is identified as the first great architect of renaissance was an artist. The status accorded to him and the fact that renaissance is considered to have origins in Italy is an indication that art was the origin of renaissance.

It can therefore be argued that art was the basis for the movement and a credit to art over the positive effects of the cultural movement that followed. [10] In a probably personalized view, art was identified as a way that was used to represent God and the earthly elements that he created. Art was also used to express science for example the concepts of anatomy. The events of renaissance also led to discoveries and triggered pleasure among people.

Renaissance was an event of advancement in different aspects of life. It is believed to have originated in Italy as early as the 13 th century. It was a continuous process categorized into three periods. The development of art as well has its origin was associated with the city of Florence in Italy.

The development of art was not an exclusive or independent aspect but it incorporated within itself aspects of mathematics. The products of the art like paintings also became significantly valuables in religion. The artists were accorded status for their work and this is an indication of how important art was.

Its inclusion in scientific representation of anatomy and religious representation gives it diverse backgrounds that originate from its origin. Art can also be identified as a source of information.

It has emotional and intellectual attachments that elicit reactive actions like the religious revolution that was as a result of artistic placements in churches. Art was therefore a central element of renaissance and the other elements can be seen to have been products of the development in art.

Brotton, Jerry. The Renaissance: a very short introduction. New York, NY: Cengage, 2006.

Eurasia, Carrie. “ Italian Renaissance Art. ” The World Wide Web Virtual Library, 1999. Web.

Fitzpatrick, Anne. The Renaissance. Mankato, MN: The Creative Company, 2005.

Graham, Andrew. Renaissance . California: University of California Press, 1999.

Hay, Denys. The Italian Renaissance in its historical background . Cambridge: Cambridge, 1977.

Paoletti, John & Radke, Gary. Art in Renaissance Italy . London, UK: Laurence King, 2006.

Pioch, Nicholas. “ La Renaissance: Italy. ” The Public Library and Digital Archive, 2002. Web.

Putatunda, Rita. “Italian Culture: Renaissance Art and Artists.” Buzzle, 2011. Web.

• Hay, Denys., The Italian Renaissance in its historical background , Cambridge: Cambridge, 1977.
• Pioch, Nicholas. La Renaissance: Italy, (The Public Library and Digital Archive, 2002).
• Eurasia, Carrie. ITALIAN RENAISSANCE ART , (The World Wide Web Virtual Library, 1999).
• Paoletti, John & Radke, Gary., Art in Renaissance Italy , London, UK: Laurence King, 2006.
• Brotton, Jerry., The Renaissance: a very short introduction, New York, NY: Cengage, 2006.
• Fitzpatrick, Anne., The Renaissance, Mankato, MN: The Creative Company, 2005.
• Graham, Andrew, Renaissance, California: University of California Press, 1999.
• Putatunda, Rita. Italian Culture: Renaissance Art and Artists , (Buzzle, 2011).
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2023, November 26). Art During the Renaissance. https://ivypanda.com/essays/art-during-the-renaissance/

"Art During the Renaissance." IvyPanda , 26 Nov. 2023, ivypanda.com/essays/art-during-the-renaissance/.

IvyPanda . (2023) 'Art During the Renaissance'. 26 November.

IvyPanda . 2023. "Art During the Renaissance." November 26, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/art-during-the-renaissance/.

1. IvyPanda . "Art During the Renaissance." November 26, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/art-during-the-renaissance/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Art During the Renaissance." November 26, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/art-during-the-renaissance/.

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Mona Lisa Controversies

The Mona Lisa: A Timeless Masterpiece of Renaissance Art

Yes, the Mona Lisa is considered Renaissance art. Painted by Leonardo da Vinci between 1503 and 1506, it reflects the artistic style and ideals of the Renaissance period in Europe.

What defines Renaissance art and how does the Mona Lisa fit into this category?

Renaissance art refers to the artistic period in Europe between the 14th and 17th centuries, characterized by a revival of interest in classical learning, humanism, and naturalistic representation. It is defined by its emphasis on three-dimensional perspective, anatomical accuracy, chiaroscuro (light and shadow), and the use of oil paints.

The Mona Lisa, painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the early 16th century, is an iconic example of Renaissance art. It perfectly embodies the characteristics of this artistic era. The painting showcases Leonardo’s mastery of realistic representation and his exceptional ability to capture the human form with extraordinary detail and accuracy. The Mona Lisa’s use of sfumato technique, with its soft transitions between colors and tones, adds depth to the painting, highlighting the influence of chiaroscuro. Furthermore, the painting’s exploration of perspective, especially the technique known as Leonardo’s “sfumato background,” creates an illusion of depth and contributes to the overall lifelike quality. The Mona Lisa’s placement within the Renaissance art movement is solidified by its commitment to portraying the human figure realistically and its incorporation of various artistic techniques that define this artistic period. Overall, the Mona Lisa remains an integral part of Renaissance art, showcasing the ideals and techniques that were central to this transformative era in European art history.

How does the Mona Lisa exemplify the artistic techniques and principles of the Renaissance?

The Mona Lisa is a prime example of how the Renaissance art movement revolutionized artistic techniques and principles. Firstly, the painting showcases the Renaissance focus on realistic representation and the use of linear perspective. Leonardo da Vinci, the artist behind the Mona Lisa, meticulously rendered the subject’s facial features and clothing, creating a lifelike portrayal that captures the viewer’s attention. This attention to detail, along with the use of chiaroscuro (contrasting light and shadow), gives the painting a three-dimensional quality, a hallmark of Renaissance art.

Additionally, the Mona Lisa embodies the Renaissance ideal of humanism, emphasizing the individual and celebrating human potential. The subject’s enigmatic expression and natural pose convey a sense of individuality and psychological depth, setting her apart from traditional portraits of the time. The Renaissance period was marked by a resurgence of interest in human anatomy, and da Vinci’s studies in this field enabled him to accurately depict the subtle nuances of the sitter’s face.

Furthermore, the Mona Lisa reflects the Renaissance principle of creating art with a sense of harmony and balance. The use of the pyramid composition, with the figure of the subject at the apex, gives the painting a balanced and harmonious visual structure. This arrangement evokes a feeling of stability and reinforces the idealized beauty that Renaissance artists sought to achieve.

Overall, the Mona Lisa encapsulates the artistic techniques and principles of the Renaissance through its realistic representation, focus on humanism, and use of harmony and balance. It stands as a timeless masterpiece that continues to inspire and captivate audiences across the world.

Is the Mona Lisa considered one of the greatest examples of Renaissance art, and why?

Yes, the Mona Lisa is considered one of the greatest examples of Renaissance art. This is primarily because of its exceptional artistic qualities and cultural significance. Created by Leonardo da Vinci between 1503 and 1506, the painting showcases da Vinci’s mastery of techniques such as sfumato, a subtle blending of colors and tones. The Mona Lisa also exemplifies the Renaissance focus on humanism and individualism, as seen in the detailed rendering of the subject’s facial expression and posture. Its enigmatic smile and captivating gaze have made it an enduring symbol of artistry and intrigue. Additionally, the Mona Lisa’s impact on art history, its influence on subsequent artists, and its status as an iconic masterpiece have solidified its reputation as one of the greatest works of Renaissance art.

What role did the Mona Lisa play in the cultural and artistic development of the Renaissance period?

The Mona Lisa played a significant role in the cultural and artistic development of the Renaissance period. As a masterpiece created by Leonardo da Vinci, it became an iconic symbol of Renaissance art and a representation of the cultural and intellectual achievements of the time. The painting showcased Leonardo’s mastery of technique, particularly his use of sfumato, a subtle blending of colors and softening of lines, which became influential for future artists. The portrait’s unprecedented level of realism and lifelike representation influenced the development of naturalism in art. The Mona Lisa’s enigmatic smile and captivating gaze created a sense of mystery, prompting contemplation and speculation among viewers. Additionally, the painting’s popularity and fame over the centuries have contributed to its cultural significance, making it a symbol of the Renaissance and an emblem of Western art.

How does the Mona Lisa reflect the values and ideals of the Renaissance era?

The Mona Lisa reflects the values and ideals of the Renaissance era in several ways. First and foremost, the portrayal of the female figure in the painting demonstrates the humanist belief in the beauty and importance of the individual. During the Renaissance, there was a shift from medieval emphasis on religious figures to a celebration of the individual and their unique qualities, and the Mona Lisa exemplifies this shift.

Furthermore, the attention to detail and mastery of technique displayed in Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece reflects the Renaissance focus on the importance of skill and craftsmanship. The use of sfumato, a technique that creates soft transitions between colors and tones, demonstrates Leonardo’s technical prowess and ability to create a highly realistic portrayal of the subject.

Additionally, the Mona Lisa’s enigmatic smile embodies the Renaissance’s fascination with the complexity and depth of human emotion. It captures the essence of the era’s interest in exploring the human psyche and understanding the complexities of human nature.

Overall, the Mona Lisa reflects the Renaissance era’s values of individualism, technical mastery, and a fascination with human emotion, making it an iconic work that embodies the spirit of the time.

What makes the Mona Lisa an iconic masterpiece of the Renaissance?

The Mona Lisa is considered an iconic masterpiece of the Renaissance due to several key reasons. Firstly, its artistic technique and composition are groundbreaking for that time period. Leonardo da Vinci’s skilled use of sfumato, a technique that involves subtly blending colors and tones to create a soft, hazy effect, adds depth and realism to the painting. The way he captured the sitter’s expression, with her enigmatic smile and captivating gaze, also showcases his mastery in portraying emotion and human psychology.

Furthermore, the Mona Lisa’s status as an iconic masterpiece is attributed to its cultural and historical significance. The painting has become a symbol of the Renaissance era, representing not only the artistic achievements but also the intellectual and cultural advancements of that time. It is often associated with the concept of individualism, as the sitter’s posture and direct engagement with the viewer convey a sense of self-assurance and self-awareness.

Additionally, the painting’s mysterious history and the identity of the sitter, believed to be Lisa Gherardini, have contributed to its allure and fascination. The enigma surrounding the Mona Lisa, coupled with its theft and subsequent recovery in 1913, has only heightened its iconic status and ensured its place in popular culture .

Overall, the Mona Lisa is an iconic masterpiece of the Renaissance due to its technical prowess, cultural significance, and enduring mystique that continues to captivate audiences worldwide.

Did Leonardo da Vinci’s creation of the Mona Lisa contribute to the advancement of Renaissance art?

Yes, Leonardo da Vinci’s creation of the Mona Lisa significantly contributed to the advancement of Renaissance art. The painting is considered an iconic masterpiece that showcases da Vinci’s mastery of techniques such as sfumato and chiaroscuro. The Mona Lisa’s innovative use of a mysterious, enigmatic smile and her realistic depiction set a new standard for portraiture during the Renaissance period. Additionally, da Vinci’s attention to detail, perspective, and his thoughtful composition revolutionized the way artists approached their work. The Mona Lisa’s influence is evident in the countless imitations and reproductions it has inspired throughout history, solidifying its lasting impact on the development of Renaissance art .

What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Mona Lisa that align it with other renowned Renaissance artworks?

The Mona Lisa, like other renowned Renaissance artworks, possesses several distinguishing characteristics that align it with the style and themes of the era.

Firstly, the painting demonstrates Leonardo da Vinci’s mastery of technique, specifically his use of sfumato. This soft blending of colors and seamless transitions between light and shadow create a sense of depth and realism, a common feature in other Renaissance artworks.

Secondly, the Mona Lisa showcases the Renaissance focus on humanism. The subject, Lisa Gherardini, is depicted with a subtle smile and a serene expression, evoking a sense of individuality and introspection. This emphasis on the human form and emotions is a recurring motif in Renaissance art.

Additionally, the Mona Lisa exhibits a balanced composition and an application of classical principles. Leonardo employed the use of linear perspective to create an illusion of depth, with the landscape and distant horizon receding into the background. This technique, along with the central positioning of the figure, reflects the Renaissance interest in creating harmonious and balanced compositions inspired by ancient Greek and Roman art.

Finally, the Mona Lisa’s enigmatic nature aligns with other Renaissance artworks that seek to provoke thought and engage the viewer’s curiosity. The ambiguity of her expression and the mysterious landscape in the background invite contemplation and interpretation, a characteristic often found in Renaissance paintings.

Overall, the Mona Lisa shares notable characteristics with other renowned Renaissance artworks such as technical mastery, humanistic focus, balanced composition, and the ability to provoke thought and curiosity.

How did the creation of the Mona Lisa impact the perception and appreciation of art during the Renaissance?

The creation of the Mona Lisa had a profound impact on the perception and appreciation of art during the Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece revolutionized portraiture by introducing new techniques and concepts that elevated the status of the painting and its creator.

Firstly, the Mona Lisa showcased an unprecedented level of realism and naturalism. Da Vinci incorporated subtle shading and used a technique called sfumato, which blurred the lines between colors and gave the painting a lifelike quality. This departure from the flat, stylized representations of the human figure that were common during the Renaissance captured viewers’ attention and sparked a newfound appreciation for the technical mastery involved in producing such a lifelike image.

Additionally, the enigmatic smile of the Mona Lisa added an element of intrigue and mystery to the painting, which further captivated audiences. This departure from the traditional static and emotionless expressions commonly seen in portraits of the time propelled the Mona Lisa into the realm of psychological depth and captured the imagination of viewers. This departure from convention encouraged a shift in the perception of art, wherein the emotional impact and introspection became highly valued.

Furthermore, the fame and reputation that quickly surrounded the Mona Lisa and its creator also had a significant impact on the perception and appreciation of art during the Renaissance. The painting’s fame grew during the 16th century due to its acquisition by the French royal family, adding to its allure and desirability. Da Vinci’s name became synonymous with artistic brilliance, and this association contributed to the elevation of art and artists in society. This heightened recognition and appreciation of art as a valuable cultural and intellectual pursuit transcended the confines of the art world and permeated the broader Renaissance society.

In conclusion, the creation of the Mona Lisa reshaped the perception and appreciation of art during the Renaissance. Its realistic portrayal, enigmatic expression, and the fame it garnered all combined to elevate the status of art, encourage a shift towards emotional depth, and heighten the recognition of artists as cultural icons. The impact of Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece influenced subsequent artistic developments and continues to resonate in the way we perceive and appreciate art today.

Does the Mona Lisa’s artistic impact extend beyond the Renaissance and continue to influence art today?

Yes, the Mona Lisa’s artistic impact extends beyond the Renaissance and continues to influence art today. The painting’s unique composition, use of sfumato (subtle blending of colors and tones), and enigmatic smile have made it an iconic and widely recognized piece of art . Countless artists have been inspired by its technique, symbolism, and aesthetic qualities. The Mona Lisa has become a symbol of artistic excellence and has influenced various art movements, such as the appropriation art of Marcel Duchamp and the Mona Lisa parodies in pop art. Furthermore, it has been a subject of numerous reinterpretations and references in contemporary art, showcasing its enduring significance in art history.

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Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History Essays

Renaissance drawings: material and function.

Design Fragment for the Left Side of the 'Fonte Gaia' in Siena

Jacopo della Quercia (Jacopo di Pietro d’Angelo di Guarnieri)

Three Standing Figures (recto); Seated Woman and a Male Hermit in Half-length (verso)

Stefano da Verona (Stefano di Giovanni d'Arbosio di Francia)

Allegory on the Fidelity of the Lizard (recto); Design for a Stage Setting (verso)

• Leonardo da Vinci

Standing Youth with Hands Behind His Back, and a Seated Youth Reading (recto); Two Studies of Hands (verso)

Filippino Lippi

Design for the Tomb of Pope Julius II della Rovere

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso)

Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist; upper left, Study for the Right Arm of the Infant Saint John; upper right, Study for Drapery (recto); Study of a Nude Male Figure (verso)

Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio or Santi)

Studies of the Christ Child

Landscape (recto); Landscape (verso)

Perugino (Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci)

Studies for Hercules Holding a Club Seen in Frontal View, Male Nude Unsheathing a Sword, and the Movements of Water (Recto); Study for Hercules Holding a Club Seen in Rear View (Verso)

Studies for the Libyan Sibyl (recto); Studies for the Libyan Sibyl and a small Sketch for a Seated Figure (verso)

The Head of the Virgin in Three-Quarter View Facing Right

Two Satyrs in a Landscape

Titian (Tiziano Vecellio)

Study for the Head of Julius Caesar

Andrea del Sarto (Andrea d'Agnolo)

The Annunciation

Correggio (Antonio Allegri)

Seated Figure of Mercury

Parmigianino (Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola)

Bishop Saint in Bust-Length (Cartoon for an Altarpiece)

Saint John the Evangelist (recto; Cartoon for a Fresco); Saint Mark (verso; Cartoon for a Fresco)

Francesco Salviati (Francesco de' Rossi)

Carmen Bambach Department of Drawings and Prints, The Metropolitan Museum of Art

October 2002

During the late fourteenth century, artists began to use paper more and more to explore their ideas for the design of paintings and sculptures , rather than simply to copy or record finished works of art. This exploratory type of drawing offers a vivid and intimate glimpse of the artist creatively thinking on paper.

In preparing a composition, artists first drew quick sketches, usually in pen and ink, in which they formulated general ideas rather than focused on details. An example is Leonardo da Vinci’s fascinating double-sided sheet that includes an exquisite small sketch for an allegory on the fidelity of the lizard, and the stage design for a musical comedy ( 17.142.2 ). Another of Leonardo’s double-sided sheets combines an exciting array of ideas for different projects: a figure of Hercules probably intended for a sculpture, some scientific illustrations of the flow of water around obstacles, and a tiny figure of a man sheathing or unsheathing a sword ( 2000.328a,b ).

In the next steps of the creative process, artists investigated the poses of the figures from life models . The earliest such extant studies date from the first years of the fifteenth century. Using the medium of silverpoint on pink prepared paper to obtain delicate tonal effects, Filippino Lippi posed a male studio assistant to stand in for the figure of a bound Christ or Saint Sebastian, in order to observe the figure’s chiseled nude musculature ( 36.101.1 ). In contrast, Raphael’s sheet of studies of an infant ( 1997.75 ) attempts to capture his energy and delightful gestures, and the red chalk medium serves to imitate the soft tonal effects of his dimpled flesh. Artists then integrated the results of studying the figures from life models into a summary design of the composition, in order to pull together the figural arrangements with the lighting effects and setting. Raphael’s Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist ( 64.47 ) offers a fairly rough summary study of their pyramidal grouping, while Titian’s poetic study of two satyrs in a landscape ( 1999.28 ) concentrates especially on the transforming effects of light and atmosphere.

As a final step, artists drew cartoons (full-scale drawings). These were especially necessary in painting frescoes on moist plaster, for the enormously difficult medium of fresco demanded that artists paint quickly, one plaster patch per day, before the moist plaster and the water-based colors set in a chemical process. A monumental cartoon by Francesco Salviati ( 2001.409 ) is boldly rendered with black chalk and white highlights in the final size of the figure in the fresco painting, and the main outlines around the figure are incised with a stylus for the transfer of the full-scale design onto the moist plaster.

During the late fourteenth century, artists also began to work out the details of their commissions for paintings, sculptures, and buildings with their prospective patrons by drafting legally binding contracts. These contracts often included a drawing as an attachment in order to explain the details of the design that was expected and that would be agreed upon by the two parties. A number of drawings were also more generally produced as demonstration pieces ( modelli ) for the patron’s approval and for the workshop’s use, and these were often carefully modeled with pen and ink and were fairly complete regarding the iconography. These types of demonstration drawings for sculptural projects usually illustrate the architectural framework of the monument, as is seen in the designs by Jacopo della Quercia for the Fonte Gaia that was orignally meant for the Piazza del Campo in Siena ( 49.141 ), and by Michelangelo for the tomb of Pope Julius II , intended originally for Saint Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican ( 62.93.1 ).

Bambach, Carmen. “Renaissance Drawings: Material and Function.” In  Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History . New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/drwg/hd_drwg.htm (October 2002)

Further Reading

Ames-Lewis, Francis. Drawing in Early Renaissance Italy . 2d ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000.

Bambach, Carmen C. Drawing and Painting in the Italian Renaissance Workshop: Theory and Practice, 1300–1600 . New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Additional Essays by Carmen Bambach

• Bambach, Carmen. “ Anatomy in the Renaissance .” (October 2002)
• Bambach, Carmen. “ Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) .” (October 2002)

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• Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528)
• Anatomy in the Renaissance
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Artist or Maker

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Online Features

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Samantha is preparing an essay on Renaissance Art. Help Samantha complete the sentence to describe a significant contribution made by Renaissance artists to the evolution of art. Renaissance artists revived interest in the of

Answer: Renaissance artists revived interest in the CLASSICAL IDEALS of art.

C. Step 1: Renaissance artists revived interest in the CLASSICAL IDEALS of art.

Coming Soon: Expanding ideas about Renaissance art

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Samantha is preparing an essay on renaissance art. samantha complete the sentence to describe a significant contribution made by renaissance artists to the evolution of art. renaissance artists revived interest in the of 1) a. architecture 1) b. philosophies 1) c. pottery 2) a. egyptian tombs 2) b. plato and aristotle 2) c. sumerian temples

Step-by-step answer

B and B are the correct answers.

Explanation:

Renaissance was a period in European history that covered the 15th and 16th Century. In general, this period was intellectually based on Greek philosophy, and it can be seen through different works, such as The School of Athens, by Italian artist Raphael Sanzio, where Plato and Aristotle occupy the center, which could be understood as their ideas where the core of this period.

Paru-Parong bukid is a traditional Filipino folk song which originated from "Mariposa Bella", a Filipino song in Spanish originated in the 1890s.

The song "Mariposa Bella" was composed during the time of American invasion of the Philippines. During American occupation of the Philippines in 1898, the Spanish speaking Filipinos commenced including the song itself.

In 1938, "Mariposa Bella" was totally forgotten when "Paru-Parong Bukid" was released as a soundtrack of a film of the same title. The Tagalog rendition was composed by Felipe De Leon.

In popular culture

A drama movie titled Paroparong Bukid was released by Sampaguita Pictures in 1938, starring Rudy Concepcion, using the folk song Paru-Parong Bukid as a soundtrack.

In 1958, a romance film Paroparong Bukid which stars Gloria Romero, Luis Gonzales and Dolphy was released by the same production company Sampaguita Pictures.

Guillermo Gómez Rivera, released an LP in 1962 entitled Nostalgia Filipina which includes the original Spanish song "Mariposa Bella"

Answer is from teacher..

Answer will vary but may include the following: The image is an Asian artwork, specifically a Japanese ukiyo-e scene. In the image there are men carrying either some type of cargo in boxes or baskets of food, across a bridge. Most of the men pictured are walking in two rows, in a sort of procession. Houses are visible in the background. Orange, blue, and yellow are the main colors used. There isn't much variation in the width of the lines. The shapes are fairly geometric. The image is framed on either side by what appears to be a gate or fence. This is an example of a woodblock print, also called a woodcut. Its registration points were likely located in the corners of the woodblock.

A comic book can be defined as commercial narrative art, using one image after another to create a sequential narrative.

There are several styles of comic books, such as superheroes, Japanese manga, autobiographies, etc.

According to comic book artists, there are techniques that must be followed to build a comic book that engages and excites the reader. They are skills in illustrating human anatomy, perspective and visual narrative.

A strong sense of light and color is needed in comic artists to illustrate the movement of characters, who may be running, flying, talking and performing essential actions that continue the narrative.

The artists therefore use a simplistic and reader-friendly illustration, with focal points on the panels demarcated by the presence of light and color, shadows, midtones, and visuals that give story progression and emotions to the characters.

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naturalistic

I was confused as well but I got it right on the online content part. Naturalistic means to represent objects as they appear in nature. Wolves are apart of nature as they are animals.

          I hope this helped

its C u welcome i just took the test

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