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Educational linguistics, doctor of philosophy (ph.d.), you are here, a pioneering doctoral program with an enduring legacy of research in applied linguistics, language learning, and teaching..

The Educational Linguistics Ph.D. program focuses on language learning and teaching as well as the role of language in education. Our questions and concerns are situated squarely in educational policy and practice, informing and informed by interdisciplinary theory and research in linguistics, anthropology, psychology, sociology, history, and other fields.

What Sets Us Apart

About the program.

Our program promotes the view that language must be examined within the cultural contexts and social situations in which it occurs.

3–4 courses per semester (fall/spring semesters only)

Transfer courses 8 (electives only)

Duration of program 5–7 years

Culminating experience Candidacy examination, and dissertation

Our faculty and students are involved in generating research on language and learning in areas such as:

• Linguistic, cognitive, and sociocultural aspects of (additional) language development
• Local and global perspectives on world language teaching policy and practice in K-12 and higher education
• The intersections of disability, language, school–parent partnerships, and education policy
• The historical and contemporary manifestation of raciolinguistic ideologies that frame the language practices of racialized communities
• How multilingual speakers use milimodal communication practices – such as gestures, laughter, actions, and learning materials – to resolve miscommunication
• How language, social interaction, institutions, and the Internet influence what students learn in schools
• The role of lanugage in all forms of learning

Our curriculum is designed to provide a solid foundation in linguistics and research methodology. Students customize their education by working with their advisor to choose electives from a wide range of course offerings from across the Penn campus. Introductory courses in language pedagogy and sociolinguistics are strongly encouraged for students with no background in these areas. 

For course descriptions and requirements, visit the  Educational Linguistics Ph.D. program in the University Catalog .

For a full list of courses offered at GSE, visit  Penn’s University Course Catalog .

Sample courses

• Linguistics in Education                                                                              
• Sociolinguistics in Education                                                                      
• Language Diversity and Education                                                             
• Second Language Development    
• Genealogies of Race and Language in Educational Research 
• Issues in Second Language Acquisition                                        
• Phonology I
• Citizen Sociolinguistics
• Classroom Discourse and Interaction
• Approaches to Teaching English and Other Modern Languages
• Anthropology & Education
• Theories of Reading
• Language in Culture & Society

Our Faculty

"I got to work with inspiring scholars doing cutting-edge work. I saw firsthand the process of writing, submitting, and publishing a journal article. I had so many experiences that shaped me as a scholar and that I continue to draw on in my research and academic writing."

Our Graduates

The Educational Linguistics Ph.D. program prepares candidates for teaching and research careers in colleges and universities worldwide, as well as careers in government, community, and private organizations.

Alumni Careers

• Associate Professor, Columbia Teachers College
• Assistant Professor, Indiana University
• Associate Professor, Malmö University
• Associate Professor, University of Iowa
• Associate Professor and Chair, Adelphi University
• Director of Educational Programming and Research, Center for Cultural, Art, Training and Education (CCATE)
• Senior International Baccalaureate World Schools Manager
• Assistant Professor of TESOL and Applied Linguistics in the English Department, Illinois State University
• Research and Evaluation Supervisor, William Penn School District
• Lecturer in Language Studies, Brown University
• Founder/CEO, Brilliant Bilingual
• Associate Professor of Language Education and Urban Social Justice Learning & Teaching, Rutgers University
• Associate Professor of Teaching and Learning, The Ohio State University
• Assistant Professor of Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champagne
• Assistant Professor of International Students, College of Charleston
• Assistant Professor of Linguistics, University of Louisville
• Assistant Professor, Culturally & Linguistically Diverse Education, University of Colorado, Denver
• Marie Skłodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Fellow

Admissions & Financial Aid

Please visit our Admissions and Financial Aid pages for specific information on the application requirements , as well as information on tuition, fees, financial aid, scholarships, and fellowships.

Contact us if you have any questions about the program.

Graduate School of Education University of Pennsylvania 3700 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104 (215) 898-6415 [email protected] [email protected]

Erica Poinsett Program Assistant [email protected]

Please view information from our Admissions and Financial Aid Office for specific information on the cost of this program.

All Ph.D. students are guaranteed a full scholarship for their first four years of study, as well as a stipend and student health insurance. Penn GSE is committed to making your graduate education affordable, and we offer generous scholarships, fellowships, and assistantships.

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Working Papers in Educational Linguistics

Working Papers in Educational Linguistics  is a student-managed journal focused on the many areas of research within educational linguistics.

You May Be Interested In

Related programs.

• Educational Linguistics Ed.D.
• Intercultural Communication M.S.Ed.
• Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) M.S.Ed.

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Bilingual/Bicultural Education Doctoral Program

Bilingual/bicultural education.

Doctoral Program

Department of Curriculum and Instruction

The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) is a research-oriented degree program designed for individuals who intend to work mainly in primary research in the fields of Bilingual/Bicultural Education, Language Policy and Education, or Biliteracy. This program prepares graduate students in research design and interpretation. Graduate student research contributes to knowledge of bilingual education theories, concepts and practice.

BBE Program alumni currently serve in roles such as college or university faculty members, researchers in federal and state government, and research consultants and directors of private foundations and non-profit organizations.

Studies long-term relationships with Latinx bilingual students and teachers using arts-based biliteracy approaches to affirm and amplify silenced perspectives, build connections, and develop bilingualism and biculturalism.

Develops and evaluates interventions and assessments using technology to support the academic success of Latinx students and other students whose home language is not English.

Focuses on language and cultural influences on teaching and learning mathematics, particularly equity issues involving Latinx students’ mathematical thinking, the simultaneous learning of English as a second language and math and preparing teachers ...

Examines the effects of state and federal policies on college access and completion outcomes for low-income and underrepresented populations including immigrant and English Learner students.

Examines ethnographic language and literacy practices in K-12 classrooms, specifically focusing on how Latinx critical race theory explains the relationship between heritage language and culture and the evolving identities of future teachers.

Interests also include critical race theory specifically Latinx critical race theory and multigenerational subtractive schooling experienced by a marginalized majority.

Examines the contributions of strengths-based approaches in literacy instruction with Spanish-speaking bilingual teacher candidates and in-service teachers in the U.S. and in Latin America. 

Prepares students to become educators in bilingual and ESL education and mentors novice bilingual educators.

Application Requirements

Applicants must provide a supplemental writing sample written in Spanish to be uploaded as a “Miscellaneous Admissions Document.” The writing sample should describe your cross-cultural and/or cross-linguistic experiences.  You also should demonstrate competency with the language and content of the essay and show that you have made efforts to cross borders by working, traveling, or otherwise have lived in situations that required a multiplicity of cultural competencies.

General C&I Requirements (Minimum 21 hours)

Foundation Requirements (9 hours required)

• EDC 380F  Sociocultural Foundations
• EDC 381F  Introduction to Teaching and Teacher Education
• EDC 383F  Curriculum Theory

Research Methodology Requirements (12 hours minimum)

To be taken in sequence:

• EDC 381R  Intro to Systems of Human Inquiry
• EDC 385R  Introduction To Quantitative Research ( may be taken concurrent with EDC 381R )
• EDC 386R  Introduction To Qualitative Research ( requires EDC 381R as a prerequisite )
• EDC 387R  Advanced Quantitative Research
• EDC 388R  Advanced Qualitative Research

Directed Research (Minimum 12 hours)

• EDC 396T*  Directed Research in Curriculum and Instruction (6 hours)

Note :  EDC 396T can be taken more than once for credit. 6 additional hours of coursework involving a substantial directed research component, This may include additional EDC 396Ts.

Specialization Requirements (Minimum 18 hours)

Students with an emphasis on Bilingual/Bicultural Education will take additional related courses, selected with the assistance and approval of the area program adviser. To help meet their personal goals, students are encouraged to select courses from other clusters in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction.

A. Required (12 hours): EDC 385G Second Language Acquisition EDC 385G Biliteracy and New Literacy Studies EDC 385G Language Policy and Education: Global Perspectives and Local Implications EDC 385G Immigration Theory in Education

B. Electives (6 hours): Students select courses, such as those listed below, according to individual interests and needs and in consultation with their advisor:

EDC 390T Foundations of Bilingual Education EDC 382E Critical Pedagogy in Bilingual Bicultural Education EDC 385G Evaluation of Language Education EDC 385G Biliteracy and Computer-Mediated Learning EDC 385G Dual Language Education: Current Trends and Issues EDC 385G Language Acquisition and Assessment for Multicultural Special Education EDC 385G Teaching Culture EDC 385G Language and Politics in Language Planning EDC 385G Literacy and Culture EDC 385G Social/Cultural/Political Context Language Learning

EDC 384P Equity/Pol/in Math/Sci/Tech Education EDC 385G Multicultural Curriculum and Teaching EDC 385G Cultural Knowledge of Teachers and Teaching EDC 385G Identity and Agency in Education EDC 385G Anthropology of Education

Courses Outside the Department (Minimum 6 hours)

Coursework from sections, General Requirements, Directed Research, and Special Requirements, may fulfill this requirement (thus hours in this section may already be counted as credit toward total hours).

Students are encouraged to seek out courses that relate to Bilingual/Bicultural Education and their own research interests in such areas as: Mexican American Studies, African American Studies, Asian Studies, Middle Eastern Studies; Communication, Comparative Literature, Cultural Studies, Early Childhood Education, Educational Administration, Educational Psychology, English Literature, Health Education, Latin American Studies, Law, IT/Technology, Linguistics, Language and Literacy, Spanish Literature, Science/Math Education, Social Work, Special Education, Women’s / Gender Studies.

Dissertation (Minimum 6 hours)

Students are required to continuously register for at least three credits of dissertation once they have  advanced to candidacy . 

You must register in X99W (399, 699 or 999W) in each semester of candidacy until you graduate.

Please Note:  Students receiving fellowships, assistantships, or other financial aid, may be required to take 9 hours of dissertation credit each semester.

Additional Resources

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At a Glance

Program Starts : Fall

Deadline to Apply : December 31

Credit Hours Required : 63

Schedule : Flexible

Program Location : On Campus

GRE Required? No

Program Area Coordinator, Advisor Maria Franquiz

Find out information about the admission process and application requirements.

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As a student in the Online Ed.D. in Second Language Instruction program, you will gain experience as a scholar practitioner and expand your knowledge of innovative curriculum, current technology, and instruction methods that are relevant to the educational needs of a language learner. Under the direction of a dissertation committee, you will create an original thesis that demonstrates your mastery and contributes to your field.

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Our accredited programs are designed for working professionals who want a quality education. We’re committed to delivering high-quality, affordable and accessible online programs grounded in evidence-based content and relevant application.

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Complete your coursework any time and anywhere there’s an internet connection. You’ll have access to academic resources 24/7, and highly responsive faculty and librarians. You decide how we fit into your life, not the other way around.

We believe in full transparency with our total cost of attendance. No hidden fees. No surprises along the way.

Find a plan that fits your budget.

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Program Details

Focus of study.

Curriculum and Instruction

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General Track

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Start Dates

With flexible start dates, you can begin your program when it’s best for you.

May 20, 2024 Term

May 17, 2024

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May 24, 2024

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Here are just some of the courses you’ll take when working towards this program. Visit the College Catalog to see all courses.

Featured Faculty

Our real-world coursework is taught by experienced faculty.

Tiffany Hamlett

Katrina Landa

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Ellen Brewer

Admission requirements, ace general admission requirements.

• Complete and submit all application components including the admission application, the enrollment agreement and payment agreement.
• Submit the nonrefundable application fee.*
• Provide official transcripts from an institution that is accredited by an accrediting agency recognized by the U.S. Department of Education indicating successful completion of the level of education required for entry to the program.**

*The application fee is valid for one year from date of submission.

**Additional evidence may be required to fulfill state requirements, including but not limited to verification of professional experience, test scores, or an interview.

Program Admission Requirements

• Transcript showing Masters’ or doctoral level
• Minimum grade point average 3.0 on a 4.0 scale for full admission
• Provisional admission is not permitted
• Applicants must achieve and maintain a 3.0 GPA throughout the program

International Transcript Requirements

All applicants must submit, to the Admissions Office, an official evaluation from a NACES-approved organization.

• Transcripts that are international and/or not in English must be evaluated through a NACES -recommended agency.
• Texas applicants may only submit evaluations from agencies approved by the Texas Education Agency .
• International applicants must request the course-by-course evaluation. The evaluation report must show that the non-U.S. education is equivalent to the education/accreditation level required for the program.

English as a Second Language Applicants

All applicants whose first language is not English must demonstrate competence in the English language as demonstrated in one of three ways:

• Submission of an official transcript showing a degree from a United States secondary school or regionally accredited college/university.
• Submission of an official minimum score on the paper or internet-based Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exams.
• The minimum TOEFL score required for the internet-based version is 80, and the paper-based version requires a minimum TOEFL score of 20 for each of the three skills: Reading, Listening and Writing.
• The minimum IELTS score required is 6.5. Note: IELTS is not acceptable for Texas programs leading to certification.
• The testing agency must send test scores directly to American College of Education.
• Applicants to the Texas Educational Leadership program whose first language is not English must submit a minimum scaled score of 24 for speaking, 22 for listening, 22 for reading and 21 for writing from the Internet-Based TOEFL (IBT) or evidence of an undergraduate or graduate degree earned at an institution of higher education in a country outside of the United States listed in Figure: 19 TAC §230.11(b)(5)(C) .

Bilingual Education (PhD)

Program description.

This PhD program in Bilingual Education prepares teacher educators, supervisors, and researchers for bilingual and bicultural settings. The program emphasizes research in language acquisition, bilingualism, and pedagogy in linguistically diverse environments in addition to the foundations of education, research methods, departmental content seminars, and dissertation proposal seminar.

Admission to graduate programs in the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development requires the following minimum components:

• Statement of Purpose
• Letters of Recommendation
• Transcripts
• Proficiency in English

See  NYU Steinhardt's Graduate Admissions website  for additional information on school-wide admission. Some programs may require additional components for admissions.

See  How to Apply for admission requirements and instructions specific to this program.

Program Requirements

Sample plan of study.

Following completion of the required coursework for the PhD, students are expected to maintain active status at New York University by enrolling in a research/writing course or a Maintain Matriculation ( MAINT-GE 4747 ) course.  All non-course requirements must be fulfilled prior to degree conferral, although the specific timing of completion may vary from student-to-student.

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of the program, graduates will:

• Demonstrate expertise in theories, concepts, and critical issues in their program specialization.
• Apply research designs and methodologies appropriate to their research questions.
• Demonstrate effective written and oral communication of scholarship to multiple audiences.

NYU Policies

Steinhardt academic policies.

University-wide policies can be found on the New York University Policy pages .

Additional academic policies can be found the  Steinhardt academic policies page . 

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Career/licensing requirements, salary information, related links, view all bilingual and multilingual education schools by program.

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Curriculum Development In Intercultural Education

Esl Methodologies For 7-12

Esl Methodologies For K-6

Interlanguage Analysis

Literacy Development For Bilingual Students

Media-Assisted Language Learning

Methods Of Teaching In Bilingual Education

Problems In Contemporary English Grammar

Role-Playing And Simulation In Language Learning

Second Language Acquisition

Second Language Assessment

Sociolinguistics And Education

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Educational psychology, how to apply.

The Department OF Educational Psychology

The Department of Educational Psychology (EPSY) is home to a variety of interrelated disciplines and degree options focused on human development and well-being in educational and community contexts. Our undergraduate programs prepare students to work with children and youth in a variety of community and school contexts. We also offer a range of professional master’s degrees geared towards professionals in schools, communities, and the corporate world. For those interested in doctoral studies we offer Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degrees in Educational Psychology, Counseling Psychology, and School Psychology.

Program Areas to choose from

Educational psychology, us news & world report 2021, number of online courses available, former student highlight, michele sheppard.

“When I started at A&M, it was unlike any other, they push you to be your very best. Being a single mom and going back to school was not always easy but you can do it!”

Master’s →

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Emphasis Areas

Educational psychology programs.

UNDERGRADUATE STUDIES

EPSY offers a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Education and University Studies, with one of three focuses.

Undergraduate Studies

Graduate Programs

The department of Educational Psychology offers a range of professional graduate degree programs.

ONLINE EDUCATION

EPSY offers a wide variety of online programs and courses to many the diverse needs our students.

Online Education

Certificates

Undergraduate students have the opportunity to complete certificate programs while completing their degree requirements.

FROM OUR FORMER STUDENTS

“I came to the conclusion that being a special educator is less about whom you teach and more about what you teach.”

– Stephanie Haetchen ’12 Special Education Programs

Upcoming Events

View all upcoming EPSY events

Masters in:

Bilingual/esl education (online and on-campus), master’s in bilingual/esl education, an online and on-campus program.

The Master’s in Bilingual/ESL Education (M.Ed/M.S.) program is comprised of 12 courses (36 semester credit hours) and delivered either fully online or on-campus .

Our program prepares students with the knowledge and research skills needed to increase success in bilingual education, ESL education, and related fields.

Coursework is designed to deepen knowledge and strengthen credentials in the area of bilingualism, bi-literacy and cross-cultural awareness by focusing on teaching and learning skills for those working as teachers, researchers or curriculum developers, at the early childhood, elementary, secondary, and/or post-secondary levels.

The Bilingual/ESL Education program is part of the Center for Research & Development in Dual Language Education (CRDLLA) .

Admissions Deadlines

• Spring: October 15
• Summer & Fall: March 22

Program Details

Degree: Master’s in Bilingual/ESL Education Degrees Offered: Master of Education / Master of Science Minimum Credit Hours: 36 Delivery: Online or On Campus

Select School of Education and update credit hours.

Core Curriculum

Required courses: m.ed. & m.s., 3 credit hours each: 30 hours.

BESL 610: Hispanic Bilingual Assessment and Monitoring Students BESL 611: Dual Language Programs Methodologies BESL 612: Content Area Instruction for Hispanic Bilingual Programs BESL 613: Spanish/English Biliteracy BESL 614: Bilingual Education Curriculum Development BESL 615: Teacher Action Research in Bilingual Education BESL 616: Spanish for Bilingual and Dual Language Classrooms EPSY 636: Techniques of Research BESL 683: Field Practicum in Bilingual Education BESL 685: Directed Studies in Bilingual Education

Prescribed Elective Course: M.Ed.

3 credit hours each: 6 hours.

BESL 683:Field Practicum in Bilingual Education BESL 685: Directed Studies in Bilingual Education

Prescribed Elective Courses: M.S.

6 credit hours.

BESL 691:Research (Thesis)

Other Available Courses

BESL 617 : Evaluation of Programs with Bilingual and Language Minority Students K-12* BESL 620:Current Issues in Bilingual Education BESL 632:Research in Second Language Education BESL 689:Special Topics-BIED Early Language and Literacy

*Other courses may be considered with approval of the graduate committee

Total: 36 credit hours

Student Handbook

Contact advisors.

Heather Goldsberry

Academic Advisor I

View Directory Profile

Contact Faculty

Sandra Acosta

Associate Professor

Rafael Lara-Alecio

Regents Professor

Yolanda Padron

Hector Rivera

Miranda Walichowski

Clinical Associate Professor

Zohreh Eslami

Roya Pashmforoosh

Visiting Assistant Professor

Heesun Chang

Assistant Professor

Frequently Asked Questions

List of bachelor degree equivalencies.

Please view a brief  List of Bachelor Degree Equivalencies by Country . If you do not find your country listed and are unsure of your degree equivalency, please contact the Office of Admissions at  [email protected] .

Can my Application fee be waived?

Yes. This fee may be waived only in exceptional cases for low-income applicants and McNair Scholars. To receive the waiver, you must submit an awards letter from your current school’s financial aid office showing the award of a Pell Grant. Your Student Aid Report (SAR) from a current FAFSA can also be submitted to show financial need. McNair Scholars must submit a letter from their McNair Program Director verifying their status as a McNair Scholar in good standing to receive the fee waiver. Submit this information to the Academic Affairs Business Office and include your major of interest and term of application. Waiver of application fee is not available for international students.

Is supervision of experience requirements offered?

It is the responsibility of students to independently seek out supervision opportunities. TAMU does not provide supervision for practicum hours.

Statement of Purpose Essay

All applicants must complete the Essay, Statement of Purpose and explain the following:

• Why you applied to this program
• Academic background and training
• Potential for graduate study
• Research experience
• Other relevant professional experiences

I want/need a Graduate Assistantship/Fellowship – how do I apply?

Please note that we cannot guarantee any financial assistance to any student. We will contact all admitted students about the process for applying for all available assistantships. This is a separate process from applying for admission. The department and programs will choose students to be nominated for Graduate Diversity or Graduate Merit fellowships. These fellowships are only open to U.S. citizens. Please do not ask to be nominated for one of these fellowships as the program will determine which students are competitive for these awards.

Can I send supplemental materials?

You can send us anything you like, and will keep them in our application file. However, we will not upload these items to your file. If you want items such as a professional paper or resume included for review, you need to upload these items to the application as we cannot upload them on your behalf.

How do is submit my letters of Recommendation?

The  GraduateCAS  online application includes a Recommendations section where you must add your recommenders’ information. Once you have saved the recommendation requests, GraduateCAS will contact each recommender via email to request the completion of the recommendation form and letter of recommendation. We require three letters of recommendations and they must be submitted directly by recommenders through the electronic system.

What are the typical program costs?

Check out the cost of attendance estimator.

Please note, you must update the program hours.

For a better understanding of your total cost of attendance (COA), please visit our cost and tuition rates webpage ( https://aggie.tamu.edu/billing-and-payments/cost-and-tuition-rates ). This webpage will provide you with an opportunity to review estimated COA information for undergraduate, graduate and professional students, as well as other resources such as the tuition calculator and billing and fee explanations.

Can you guide me through the application process?

How to Apply: Master’s Application Information | Doctoral Application Information

I live out of state. Do you accept out-of-state applicants?

Yes, we accept in-state and out-of-state applicants.

Is there any opportunity for financial assistance?

Yes, there are opportunities for financial assistance through the following departments: Office of Graduate Studies Financial Aid

Request Information

Tuition & fees.

For a better understanding of your total cost of attendance (COA), please visit our cost and tuition rates webpage ( https://aggie.tamu.edu/billing-and-payments/cost-and-

tuition-rates). This webpage will provide you with an opportunity to review estimated COA information for undergraduate, graduate and professional students, as well as other resources such as the tuition calculator and billing and fee explanations.

Can't find what you are looking for?

PhD in Language and Literacy Education (TESOL and World Language Education)

Become an expert literacy educator-scholar in your field with our flexible, challenging Ph.D. program in Language and Literacy Education.

This emphasis aligns with the Georgia Performance Standards requirements for certification upgrade.

The TESOL and World Language Education community includes faculty and students with interests in several areas, including:

• Second-language acquisition
• Language assessment
• Teaching English to speakers of other languages (ESOL)
• Bilingual and world language education
• Heritage language education
• Less commonly taught languages
• Bi/multiliteracies
• Spanish children’s literature
• Multilingual poetry and memoir
• School-university partnerships
• Multicultural education
• Computer assisted language learning
• Language policy
• Bilingual cognition

We focus on a range of language education research methodologies including qualitative and quantitative analysis, arts-based inquiry, corpus analysis, discourse analysis, systemic functional linguistics, narrative inquiry, and ethnography. We bring these areas together in order to better address the needs of all learners in increasingly global and local (“glocal”) communities.

• Become eligible for high levels of teaching certification from the Georgia Professional Standards Commission
• Work with nationally and internationally celebrated faculty
• Our graduates are placed in top-tier universities across the country

Become proficient in TESOL and world Language Education through formal internships (in both research and university teaching), special courses, and independent research projects.

You will gain a broad core of proficiencies through the language and literacy education program’s courses as well as courses in other departments and programs. Students who wish to qualify for the Georgia Professional Standards Commission T6 or T7 promotions must consult planning sheets for their emphasis area.

To receive your doctoral degree, you will take a minimum of 46 semester hours of academic credit. This includes a minimum of 30 semester hours for admission to candidacy, and a minimum of 16 hours of 8000- and 9000-level courses. Requirements include:

• An introductory seminar (LLED 8000)
• Four research methodology courses
• Diversity studies
• A research apprenticeship

In consultation with a major professor, you will form a doctoral committee made of faculty who reflect your research goals. This team charts a path through the coursework, the comprehensive examination, the prospectus, and eventual dissertation.

The research apprenticeship pairs doctoral students with our nationally and internationally recognized faculty on a range of research activities. Past students have worked on writing grants, research design and implementation, collaborative writing and presenting, and community service work.

• Ph.D. Yearly Progress Form (PDF)
• Doctoral Program Requirements (PDF)
• Journal Articles Dissertation Format (PDF)

Our Faculty

A hallmark of our program is the close mentoring relationships doctoral candidates develop with our award-winning faculty. You will have numerous opportunities to apprentice on research projects, author articles and book chapters, present at national and international conferences, and teach university courses.

Our faculty have formed partnerships with local public school districts and community organizations. They also are affiliated with Linguistics, Germanic and Slavic Studies, Romance Languages, the Qualitative Research Program, the Center for Latino Achievement and Success in Education, the Latin American and Caribbean Studies Institute, and other units on campus.

Additional information and disclosures regarding state licensure for professional practice in this field can be found at the UGA Licensure Disclosure Portal .

Financial Assistance

Research assistantships and fellowships.

A limited number of highly competitive research assistantships and fellowships are available for those who are seeking to begin their degree program in Fall (August). These assistantships offer four years of funding (tuition, the majority of fees, and a monthly stipend) and focus on research. There may also be opportunities to teach undergraduate courses, depending on the requirements of the research assistantship or fellowship. Those interested in this type of funding should apply to our degree program by January 1st. Prior to or upon notification of admission from the Graduate School, contact the TESOL and World Language Education (TWLE) program coordinator to express your interest in applying for these awards. Assistantship notifications are typically sent between March and May.

Teaching Assistantships

We offer a limited number of teaching assistantships every year for those who are seeking to begin their degree program in Fall (August). These assistantships provide one year of funding (tuition, the majority of fees, and a monthly stipend) with the possibility of renewal for up to three additional years. Teaching Assistants typically serve as an Instructor of Record (IOR) for undergraduate courses offered by the department and/or provide instructional assistance to faculty teaching graduate level courses. Those interested in this type of funding should apply to our degree program by January 1st. Prior to or upon notification of admission from the Graduate School, complete the Teaching Assistantship Application . Assistantship notifications are typically sent between March and May.

Additional Funding Opportunities

Please visit the following websites for more information about graduate student scholarships, in-state tuition waivers, and other funding opportunities.

• UGA Graduate School: Funding Your Graduate Education
• Mary Frances Early College of Education Financial Assistance
• Regent’s Research Out-of-State Tuition Waivers Domestic Students
• Office of Global Engagement Out-of-State Tuition Waivers International Students
• UGA Career Center Listing of Part-time Campus Jobs
• Office of Student Financial Aid

How to Apply

Applicant requirements.

To be considered for our doctoral program, we

• recommend that applicants’ undergraduate GPA be at least a 3.0 and that applicants have at least two years of teaching;
• require all applicants to have a master’s degree from an accredited college or university in an area of language and/or literacy education, or a related field; and
• score at least a score of 100 on the TOEFL test, with a minimum score of 26 in speaking and 25 in writing;
• score at least a score of 7.5 on the IELTS test, with a minimum score of 8 in speaking and 7.0 in writing; and
• demonstrate proficiency with two languages as evidenced by a bachelor’s degree in English linguistics and literature OR a master’s degree where English was the medium of instruction

While completing your Graduate School application, include the required documents listed below. For anyone applying for Fall 2024 matriculation, GRE scores are no longer required .

• Statement of Purpose that includes the emphasis area of your doctoral studies ( English Education, Literacies and Children’s Literature, or TESOL or World Language Education )
• Current resume or CV
• TOEFL or IELTS scores ( required for international applicants )
• Unofficial transcripts from all institutions attended
• Three (3) letters of recommendation
• Writing sample of no more than 20 pages

Fall semester is the only admissions term in which funding is awarded each year. Funding consideration will be given to students who apply for Fall matriculation by January 1 .

Apply to the University of Georgia

The Graduate School handles admission for all graduate programs at the University of Georgia, including those in the College of Education. The Graduate School website contains important details about the application process, orientation, and many other useful links to guide you through the process of attending UGA at the graduate level.

Start A Graduate School Application

Deadline To Apply

If you plan to start in a Spring semester, the deadline for applications is Nov. 15 (Oct. 15 for international applications)

To start in the Summer or Fall, applications are due April 1.

Log Into Existing Application

Additional Resources

Please use our online form if you have any questions for the department. Please be as specific as possible so that we may quickly assist you.

The College’s programs are taught by dedicated faculty who are experts in a range of areas and are passionate about helping students succeed both in their programs and professionally.

Meet the Faculty

Most graduate students at UGA are not assigned to a faculty advisor until after admittance. A close working relationship with your advisor is paramount to progressing through your program of study.

Almost all in-state students begin their studies at UGA paying limited tuition or fees. Please note that these amounts are subject to change and are meant to give prospective students an idea of the costs associated with a degree at the University of Georgia College of Education.

Students may qualify for a variety of assistantships, scholarships, and other financial awards to help offset the cost of tuition, housing, and other expenses.

Tuition Rates   Browse Financial Aid

Our students have a range of opportunities available outside the classroom as well, from professional organizations, experiential learning, clubs and other non-academic experiences.

See for yourself how much UGA College of Education has to offer! Schedule a tour of campus to learn more about the UGA student experience.

Schedule A Visit

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NEAG School of Education

Educating Bilingual Learners Online Graduate Certificate

Educating Bilingual Learners

Online graduate certificate.

A 12-Credit Online Graduate Certificate in Educating Bilingual Learners

Do you support English Learners? You are in the right place at the right time!

The Neag School of Education at the University of Connecticut (UConn) offers a 4-course, 12-credit 100% online graduate certificate designed for practicing educators who wish to hone their skills in order to better support English Learners in schools. All courses are offered via asynchronous coursework meaning that you can participate from anywhere in the world at any time.

At the completion of the Educating Bilingual Learners Online Graduate Certificate , graduates will:

• Be prepared to support and advocate for bilingual learners in general education and dual language programs.
• Understand key principles of language acquisition and cultural competence and their implications for curriculum, instruction, and assessment with bilingual learners.
• Become familiar with the many assets of bilingual learners, their families, and communities, and be able to incorporate these assets into instructional activities.

The Educating Bilingual Learners Online Graduate Certificate:

• Includes four graduate-level courses, each of which is on the approved course list for both the CT TESOL and CT Bilingual Cross-Endorsements , thus providing a pathway for those interested in continuing coursework towards one or both of these goals. The remaining required courses are also offered at UConn and could be completed as part of a masters or 6th year degree.
• Is flexible and can be completed in a calendar year, an academic year, or over two academic years to accommodate individual preferences and timelines.
• Offers a fully online course sequence, with the option to take some courses on the Storrs or Hartford campus depending on course schedules.
• Provides courses taught by faculty from UConn’s Neag School of Education, which was recently recognized as one of the top 20 public graduate schools of education in the nation by  U.S. News & World Report .

A Bachelor's degree* is required to apply for the Educating Bilingual Learners Graduate Certificate.

* With careful planning, it is possible for students in the pre-service teacher education program to complete the coursework requirements along with their requirements for initial certification. Please contact Dr. Elizabeth Howard for more information.

Applications are accepted on a  rolling admissions basis. Please submit application materials no later than: Fall Semester: June 16 Spring Semester: November 10 Summer Semester: March 24

REQUEST INFORMATION

Application Deadlines

Fall Semester: June 16 Spring Semester: November 10 Summer Semester: March 24

Apply early to avoid last minute processing delays.

Download Program Fact Sheet

100% Online***

The Neag School of Education has offered e-learning graduate certificate programs since 2001. This new program, Educating Bilingual Learners, takes full advantage of our many years of experience creating a dynamic online learning platform. In general, the courses are structured around weekly modules, each with a separate topic. Yes, there are deadlines. But for the most part, our online platform—Husky CT/Blackboard—is asynchronous, enabling you to work at your own pace and on your own time, at home or at the office.

*** The program is offered as a fully online course sequence, but does provide an option to take some courses on the Storrs or Hartford campus depending on course schedules .

Research 1 Institution

UConn is a Research 1 Institution, and as such, faculty participating in this program have extensive research and service partnerships with local education agencies in Connecticut and other states, as well as with faculty at other institutes of higher education in the region, personnel at relevant professional organizations in the region and across the country, and key staff in the Connecticut State Department of Education. Participating faculty are engaged in research related to the effective education of English Learners, language, and literacy development in English and the home language, professional development of teachers, and asset-based approaches to working with linguistically and culturally diverse students.

Who Should Apply

The graduate certificate in Educating Bilingual Learners is a 4-course, 12-credit program intended for educators who are interested in better supporting English Learners in schools, including classroom teachers, literacy and reading specialists, special education teachers, school psychologists, school counselors, art, music, and physical education teachers, media specialists, school support staff, and administrators.

Search NYU Steinhardt

Doctor of Philosophy Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages

Pursue scholarship that builds on your interests in language development and multilingual education. This doctoral program will advance your knowledge of language education pedagogy, intercultural communication, research methodologies and educational foundations. You’ll conduct research in language development and pedagogy and prepare for a career in academic, multilingual, and bicultural settings.

Degree Details

Official degree title.

Phd in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages

What You'll Learn

You’ll combine courses on the foundation of Teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL) and research methods as you explore the value of multilingualism and multiliteracy, emphasizing respect for and appreciation of all languages and cultures. You’ll explore:

• Development of English as a new or foreign language, pedagogy, and research
• How to implement alternative research methodologies
• Intercultural communication
• Educational foundations

Your Academic Experience

Research opportunities.

Located in one of the most diverse urban settings in the world, NYU is an ideal facility for conducting educational research. As a doctoral student in our program, you will research and prepare your dissertation while working closely with your faculty mentor.

Doctoral Seminars

Your doctoral course work dedicated to TESOL will be supplemented with departmental content seminars and a dissertation proposal seminar. Open to doctoral students enrolled in any department or program at NYU, these seminars foster deep conversations on relevant literature and texts, and reflections on issues and research in the field. You’ll work on a paper or project, refine your scholarly voice, and define a dissertation focus.

Careers and Outcomes

Upon completion of your doctorate, you’ll be prepared for a career as a researcher or teacher educator in TESOL in colleges and universities; a curriculum specialist, developer, or evaluator in government agencies and nongovernmental organizations.

Funding for Full-Time PhD Students

If you are accepted as a full-time NYU Steinhardt PhD student without an alternate funding source, you are eligible for our competitive funding package, which includes a tuition scholarship and living stipend.  Learn more about our funding opportunities .

Online Info Session

In this session, NYU faculty share information about the PhD programs in the department of Teaching & Learning, including the PhD in Teaching & Learning, PhD in English Education, PhD in Bilingual Education, and PhD in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages. Faculty provide an overview of the programs and answer questions from potential applicants.

If you have any additional questions about our degree, please feel free to contact Shondel Nero at [email protected] .

Take the Next Step

Advance your personal and professional journey – apply to join our community of students.

• Extended University
• UTEP Connect
• Online Programs
• Master's Programs

Program Highlights

30 credit hours |  In-state tuition: $480.90/credit hour | Out-of-state tuition: $590.53/credit hour

• Convenient, 100% online M.Ed. program for working teachers and professionals in education-related fields
• May be completed in as little as 12 months
• Program curriculum approved by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board
• Non-thesis master’s degree
• Offered through UTEP's College of Education

PROGRAM ADMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS

NOTE:   THIS PROGRAM DOES NOT PROVIDE TEACHING CERTIFICATION.

Master Today's Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Classroom

UTEP’s M.Ed. in Bilingual Education program is a 30-credit hour degree that can be completed fully online through UTEP Connect and the College of Education's Teacher Education Department. The program is designed for individuals who wish to pursue graduate studies focused on the teaching and learning of English Learners/Emergent Bilinguals. Intended for busy educators (licensed or un-licensed) seeking to become advanced Bilingual Education professional practitioners, this degree program can be completed in as little as 12 months.

Proficiency in bilingual education gives teachers and professionals in education-related fields an advantage in today’s increasingly linguistically and culturally diverse classrooms and offers increased employability. 

In choosing the online master's degree in Bilingual Education, students will gain practical marketable skills such as:

• A deeper appreciation of and sensitivity to the value of linguistic diversity, inclusivity and the design and implementation of culturally sustaining bilingual curriculum and practices
• The ability to address the special needs and skills of English language learners and emergent bilinguals and to help students from different cultures in the classroom
• The skills to translate bilingual and multicultural pedagogies into concrete strategies
• The level of knowledge needed to be eligible for increasingly senior administrative positions related to bilingual and ESL education

In addition to being teachers in public and private schools, graduates may also seek employment at community colleges, teach ESL classes for extra income or work in corporate training departments. The options are many. Types of positions graduates can expect to hold include:

• Bilingual education curriculum specialist
• Public/private school teacher (ESL or Bilingual)
• Community college instructor
• Corporate trainer/bilingual professional development specialist
• Two-way immersion teacher
• Adult literacy, GED and ESL teacher

Course Overview

This M.Ed. program emphasizes the practical application of current theory, research, and assessment in Bilingual Education, with particular attention to the value of linguistic diversity, inclusivity and the design and implementation of culturally sustaining bilingual curriculum and practices. Graduates in this program develop a critical perspective, gain deeper knowledge in bilingual and multicultural pedagogies and secure strengthened credentials that enables them to become teacher-leaders and advocates for bilingual educators, administrators, children and their families both inside and outside of the PK-12 education system. Through graduate coursework designed to promote reflection and refine teaching, students may tailor their course of study to earn State of Texas English as a Second Language (ESL) Certification or State of Texas Bilingual Certification and/or a Graduate Certificate in Dual Language Bilingual Education (DLBE); preparation for ESL Certification or Bilingual Certification and/or a DLBE Certificate is built into the program. 

This program does not include a teaching credential. However, the M.Ed. in Bilingual Education may be combined with our on-campus Alternative Certification Program (45 credits total) for individuals seeking to obtain this M.Ed. degree and who also want to earn a Texas elementary [EC-6], Secondary or Special Education [PK-12] teaching license with ESL or Bilingual Certification. Admission to the Alternative Certification Program requires a separate application process.

Our faculty have all earned their Ph.D.s and have a wealth of knowledge both theoretical and practical. Their goal is to ensure that you are prepared to address the needs of schools and other youth-serving agencies, particularly in multicultural communities.  

Required Courses

BED 5331: Foundations of Bilingualism and Teaching Emergent Bilinguals 

BED 5310: Cross-Linguistic Pedagogies

BED 5325: Assessing Bilingual Learners    

BED 5336: Biliteracy

BED 5339: Academic Language

BED 5343: Content Area Instruction for Emergent Bilinguals

Electives (Select THREE courses) 

BED 5305: Research in Bilingual Education

BED 5315: Translanguaging Research and Pedagogy

BED 5320: Language Policy in Education

BED 5334: Teaching Content and Literacy in Spanish

BED 5335: Dual Language Bilingual Education

BED 5338: Place, Practice and Identity

BED 5340: Dual Language Bilingual Education Capstone

TED 5313: Diversity in Educational Settings

SPED 5322: Teaching Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners With Special Needs

BED 5300: Bilingual Education Capstone

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College of Education, Health and Human Sciences

Physical Address: 921 Campus Drive Moscow ID, 83844

General Contact: Phone: 208-885-6772 Email: [email protected]

Student Services: Phone: 208-885-6610

Fax: 208-885-1071

Mailing Address: University of Idaho Boise Center 322 E. Front Street Boise, ID 83702

Phone: 208-334-2999

Fax: 208-364-4035

Email: [email protected]

Web: Boise Center

Coeur d'Alene

Mailing Address: University of Idaho CDA Center 1031 N. Academic Way, Suite 242 Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814

Phone: 208-292-2519

Fax: 208-667-5275

Email: [email protected]

Web: CDA Center

Doctoral Degree Overview

The University of Idaho College of Education, Health and Human Sciences offers three doctoral degree programs. Students who are pursuing a doctoral degree in education have various areas of specialization to choose from.

Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)

The Doctor of Education prepares students as professional leaders, educators and practitioner-scholars who actualize the knowledge base in their respective field. Students will:

Create and model ethical evidence-based best practices

Lead organizational change 

Establish a caring and collaborative learning community

Support the principles of teaching and learning practices

Utilize the principles of effective leadership

Develop proficiency utilizing and applying technologies

Evaluate the individual, organizational, and societal contexts of learning

Design research that addresses professional policy issues

Integrate ethical sensitivity toward diversity and social justice in research, teaching and learning

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

The Doctor of Philosophy prepares students as researchers, faculty and/or discipline-based scholars who contribute to the knowledge base of their respective fields. Students will:

Engage in ethical, empirical, theoretical, and/or conceptual inquiry

Develop an active research agenda

Engage in grant-writing, proposal and manuscript preparation and presentations

Develop understanding of pedagogies and content 

Contribute to professional organizations, societies and/or academies

Engage in appropriate outreach/service 

Doctor of Athletic Training (D.A.T.)

The Doctor of Athletic Training provides advanced knowledge in the field and improves professional clinical skills as a practicing certified athletic trainer. Students will:

Understand the history and wider context (including barriers and future potential) of athletic training

Become well-versed in manual therapy paradigms

Utilize state-of-the-art rehabilitation strategies to improve clinical outcomes

Integrate evidence-based practice and practice-based evidence into their clinical practice

Study manual therapy approaches and outcomes in multi-site research 

Learn to treat patients from a holistic integrative approach

Participate in meaningful clinical research

Develop meaningful strategies and skills to help prepare the future generations of athletic trainers to effectively treat patients

The Doctoral Handbook will guide students through the steps necessary to be considered for admission to the doctoral program in the College of Education, Health and Human Sciences (EHHS) and College of Graduate Studies. For more information about our programs, contact us by email at  [email protected] or call 208-885-6772.

For additional information

• View our Education doctoral pages
• View our Athletic Training doctoral pages

Questions on our Graduate Programs?

» Visit our Graduate Program FAQ page

Admission Details

Ed.D. or Ph.D.

• Next available: Fall 2024
• Application Deadline: Feb. 1
• Summer only
• Next available: Summer 2024
• Application Deadline: April 15
• Doctoral Handbook pdf
• EHHS Doctoral Core Course Rotation xlsx
• Doctoral Dissertation Proposal Approval pdf

Bilingual Endorsement

What you can earn, credits earned, time commitment, an endorsement for current uw students and in-service teachers.

The Bilingual Endorsement program is designed for any certified educators seeking to enhance their ability to better serve and advocate for multilingual learners in their classes, as well as for those who plan to teach in a Dual Language classroom. Elementary MIT Candidates pursuing this endorsement will remain matriculated as UW graduate students through the summer quarter. In-service teachers will register as NM (non-matriculated students).

What you'll learn

The Bilingual Endorsement in Washington is addressed through standards focusing on: 

• Bilingualism and biliteracy,
• Sociocultural competence,
• Dual language instructional practices and pedagogy,
• Authentic assessment in dual language,
• Professionalism, advocacy and agency,
• Program design and curricular leadership.

You will acquire this knowledge and skills in foundations and methods courses. In addition, you may complete a field experience. The competencies are met through coursework and the completion of supervised fieldwork.   

After graduation

After completion of this endorsement, you will be qualified to teach in a target language (Spanish, Mandarin, Japanese, etc.) in a bilingual or Dual Language classroom setting.

Let's connect

For any questions about the program, contact Patricia Ferreyra, Endorsement Coordinator, at [email protected]

For additional information regarding funding for teachers in Dual Language Schools, contact Renee Shank, at [email protected]

For any questions about endorsement and certification requirements, contact Michael Nielsen, Certification Officer, at [email protected]

Registration for In-Service Teachers

There are three steps to the process:, step 1: register for nm status.

(...or GNM with the College of Education only if you want to do a UW Graduate Program in the future and count your ELL/ML credits toward that degree. Note that the College of Education has its own process, which is not the same as for other UW graduate programs. For more information see:   https://education.uw.edu/admissions/non-matriculated-and-graduate-non-matriculated-students ) )

Registering for NM Status

WA State Employees who intend to apply as a first time or returning non-matriculated (not seeking a degree) students under the tuition exemption program must complete the online non-matriculated application for tuition exemption. There is a $80 non-refundable registration fee.

*Contact Patricia Ferreyra or Michael Nielsen if you want to use endorsement credits toward a graduate degree at UW in the future. In that case, you will have to register for GNM status.

Step 2: Complete Tuition Exemption Forms 

The second step is to submit the correct Tuition Exemption Request form for WA State Employees: Complete and submit Washington State Tuition Exemption Request Form [UoW 1250] .

Application Deadline: Completed forms must be submitted no later than two (2) weeks or ten (10) business days before the first day of the quarter. In Spring 2024, the first day of the quarter is March 25th and the first day of classes for the ELL/ML Endorsement is March 26th. In Summer 2024, the first day of the quarter is June 17. The first day of classes for the ELL/ML Endorsement is July 9.

Late Applications: Forms submitted after the deadline date are considered late. Students may have one late submission only; after which tuition exemption forms cannot be accepted.

Step 3: Register for Classes

The third step, once an employee has obtained student status and submitted a tuition exemption form, is to log into https://my.uw.edu and register for courses on the appropriate eligibility date. If you are prompted to enter edcodes, email Patricia Ferreyra at [email protected] .

* WA public employees who are tuition exempt students do not register using the Non-Matriculated (NM) paper registration approval or registration forms, and do not require instructor signatures to register. Review the Registration Policies & Procedures website for additional information.

Registration Eligibility Dates

All non-UW Washington state employees register on the 4th day of the quarter. WA state employees doing tuition exemption can begin registering on February 9th for Spring Quarter: 

Course enrollment is not permitted prior to the appropriate registration eligibility date for all courses when using a tuition exemption. This includes any additional courses even if they are not taken as tuition exempt. 

Students registering before the assigned tuition exemption registration eligibility date will not be permitted to convert to the tuition exemption program, and will be required to pay regular tuition for all registered credits. Course Adds are not accepted after the third week of the quarter.

The Bilingual Endorsement is an intensive, quarter-long program. Your cohort will follow a sequence together. 

Cohorts take the same course sequence together. The following is a sample schedule and is subject to change.

• EDC&I 540: Foundations of Immigrant Schooling (3 credits) 
• EDC&I 542: Approaches to Assessing Second Language Students in K-12 Schools (3 credits)
• EDC&I 545: Multilingual Socialization and Development (3 credits)
• EDC&I 549: Practicum (3 credits)
• EDC&I 554: Bilingual Teaching Methods and Assessment (4 credits)

There is a required practicum seminar where teachers continue to develop their practice teaching bilingual learners through peer support and reflection. 

The summer practicum experience consists of an online asynchronous course. Candidates meet all assignments, participation expectations, and deadlines as articulated in the syllabus and other course materials in the course learning management system. The course may offer learners optional, ungraded opportunities to meet in real time, such as through virtual office hours. 

Upon completion of coursework and fieldwork, you must take the West-E exam 050 to complete the endorsement requirements. You can register for the exam online at http://www.west.nesinc.com/

Admission requirements and process

Before beginning the application process, we recommend reaching out or attending an information session. This will help us get to know you and make sure you have all the information and materials you need to get started on your application!

Please fill out the Summer 2024 intake form .

Your application materials will be manually assessed and checked into the application database. The Endorsement Coordinator will notify applicants about final status by early June.  

Costs and funding

Estimated costs and funding.

The anticipated cost of completing the spring or summer coursework for current graduate students is $6,528 for a resident* plus any registration, practicum and technology fees. Non-matriculated summer fees are approximately $7,062 (see the  Graduate and Professional Tuition Dashboard ).

The following information is for WA state K-12 teachers who want to complete the UW ELL/ML endorsement, and for those who are also applying for a tuition exemption as WA state employees. 

You will most likely register as a "non-matriculated student" (NM). Start by accessing this resource:

• The University Registrar’s guide on how to apply for a tuition exemption as a WA state employee AND register as an NM student:  https://registrar.washington.edu/registration/tuition-exemption/

In-service educators may also wish to explore the Washington Student Achievement Council’s Educator Retooling Conditional Scholarships. For more information, visit: https://wsac.wa.gov/teachers

Please start with the emails or phone numbers shown below for clarifying questions.  

For general questions about the logistics and contents of the ELL/ML Endorsement, reach out to Patricia Ferreyra at  [email protected] .

Kent State Ranks Best Online Master’s in Education Programs, Best Online Master’s in Nursing Programs, Best Online Master’s in Business Programs and Best Online Master’s in MBA Programs in the U.S. News 2024 Best Graduate Schools Rankings

Kent State University is recognized nationally for high-quality 100% online graduate degree programs.

U.S. News & World Report recognizes Kent State in the Best Online Master’s in Education Programs, Best Online Master’s in Nursing Programs, Best Online Master’s in Business Programs, and Best Online Master’s in MBA Programs lists in its new 2024 Best Online Programs rankings. Notably, three of the university’s online programs rank among the top 100 on the list, with the online master’s in education programs moving up 84 spots to No. 58, the highest ranking for a public institution in northern Ohio on this year’s list.

Kent State aims not only to make quality education more accessible to the meritorious many but also to create lifelong learners. Both aspects have once again been recognized on a national scale.

Kent State University’s Graduate Education Programs

Kent State’s  College of Education, Health and Human Services   currently offers 25 master’s programs and 14 doctoral programs, including Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Education degrees. The breadth of these offerings, coupled with faculty expertise and experience in research and teaching, makes the college an ideal place to pursue graduate study in the disciplines related to education as well as health and human services.

Kent State University Online Master’s Degrees from the College of Education, Health and Human Services

The College of Education, Health and Human Services (EHHS) at Kent State University offers several graduate degrees, concentrations, and certificates 100% online . With the working professional in mind, the college provides quality education on an online platform.

Cultural Foundations (M.Ed.)

The Online Master of Education degree in Cultural Foundations  explores education through a range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives: philosophy of education, history of education, sociology of education, comparative/international education, anthropology of education, gender studies, multicultural studies, and religious studies.

Curriculum & Instruction (M.Ed.)

The Online Master of Education degree in Curriculum and Instruction   provides a wide range of graduate study opportunities in progressive, research-based curriculum and teaching practices. The program prepares educators for continuing professional development, education in a multicultural society, and leadership for curriculum reform and renewal.

Educational Psychology (M.Ed.)

The Online Master of Education degree in Educational Psychology  provides advanced study for students interested in the application of psychological principles to learning and instruction. It includes various disciplines, including cognitive psychology, human development, and learning theory.

Educational Technology (M.Ed.)

The Online Master of Education degree in Educational Technology   prepares students to design, develop, and use a variety of technologies in school classrooms, training facilities, or other educational settings. The program’s Online and Blended Learning Certificate and the Computer Technology Endorsement are also offered online.

Hospitality & Tourism Management (M.S.)

The Online Master of Science degree in Hospitality and Tourism Management provides an integrated hospitality and tourism graduate education, emphasizing regional, national, and global implications of the field. Students will develop critical analysis skills, and research abilities, and understand advanced hospitality and tourism issues.

Research, Measurement & Statistics (M.Ed.)

The Online Master of Education degree in Research, Measurement & Statistics   Develops educators and specialists in assessment, measurement, research design, and program evaluation for careers in schools (pre-kindergarten to grade 12) and in higher education.

Special Education (M.Ed.)

The Online Master of Education degree in Special Education   provides students with an advanced understanding of contemporary research and practice issues in special education. The General Special Education concentration, the Autism Spectrum Disorder graduate certificate, and the Behavioral Intervention Specialist graduate certificate are also offered fully online.

Interprofessional Leadership (Ed.D.)

The Online Doctor of Education degree in Interprofessional Studies   allows for the study of leadership from an interprofessional perspective that is framed around questions of equity, ethics, and social justice to bring about solutions to complex problems of practice. The program prepares leaders who can construct and apply knowledge to make a difference for individuals, families, organizations, and communities.

More information on Kent State Online Master’s Degrees from the College of Education, Health and Human Services .

Kent State University’s Online Master’s in Nursing Program

Kent State’s online master’s in nursing program offered by the College of Nursing ranks No. 54 on this year’s list, up 11 spots from last year, making it once again the highest-ranking program among all public and private institutions in northern Ohio.

Kent State’s Master of Science in Nursing program thoroughly prepares registered nurses for roles in advanced practice, education, research, and healthcare administration. Students develop a strong foundation for further postgraduate and doctoral-level study in nursing, with the College of Nursing  helping them during every step of their education and professional practice. 

Kent State University Online Master of Science in Nursing

The online Master of Science in Nursing degree prepares nurses for advanced clinical roles while making them eligible for national certification as clinical nurse specialists (CNS), nurse practitioners (NP) or to serve as nurse educators, health care management, or leadership roles.

This degree meets the educational eligibility requirements for national certification in the respective area of study. The degree program can be completed in four to five semesters (two full academic years) for full-time students. Part-time students typically take three to four years to complete the program.

For more information on Kent State’s Online Master of Science in Nursing degree, visit https://onlinedegrees.kent.edu/degrees/master-of-science-in-nursing .

More information on Kent State’s additional online nursing degrees .

Kent State University’s Online Master’s in Business Programs

The university’s online master’s in business program moved up three spots to land at No. 97 on this year’s list, the highest ranking among all institutions in Northeast Ohio. Lastly, the university’s online master’s in MBA program ranks No. 107 on the 2024 U.S. News list, making it the highest-ranked program among all institutions in northern Ohio. Both the online master’s in business program and the online master’s in MBA program are offered by Kent State’s Ambassador Crawford College of Business and Entrepreneurship.

Kent State University’s Online Master’s in Business Administration (MBA)

The online Master of Business Administration degree is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB).

The MBA degree prepares students for responsible leadership positions in private, nonprofit, and public organizations. Upon completion of the degree, graduates demonstrate a global mindset and competence in critical thinking, digital technology, communication, teamwork, and ethical and sustainable management.

The program welcomes students from a full range of undergraduate degrees. Regardless of their undergraduate education, students will find a challenging program designed to prepare them for management positions in organizations.

For more information on Kent State Online’s Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) visit, https://onlinedegrees.kent.edu/degrees/mba .

More information on Kent State’s additional online business degrees .

About the U.S. News & World Report 2024 Rankings

To be considered for inclusion on the list, U.S. News evaluated schools in the Best Online Programs list based on a variety of factors, such as student engagement, faculty credentials, and services and technologies. The 2024 list is designed for individuals looking to complete or further their education. This year’s edition evaluates more than 1,800 online bachelor’s and master’s degree programs using metrics specific to online learning. The rankings only include degree-granting programs offered primarily online by regionally accredited institutions.

For more information about the U.S. News 2024 Best Online Programs list, visit www.usnews.com/education/online-education/rankings .

Kent State University Online Degrees

Kent State University is a pioneer in online and distance education, offering its first online program 20 years ago. Kent State now offers 90 online degree and online certificate programs, unmatched by most peer universities with new online programs and online degrees continually added.

Earn your degree anytime, anywhere, with Kent State University’s online graduate degrees, online undergraduate degrees, and online certificate programs.  Kent State Online   brings together online programs and assistance for students, faculty, the community, and global audiences.

For more information on Kent State’s Online Degrees, visit  https://onlinedegrees.kent.edu .

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Pullman-Moscow Regional Airport terminal project nears completion

The Palouse’s new air travel hub is nearing completion and set to open to the public later this month.

The Pullman-Moscow Regional Airport’s new 47,000 square foot terminal is opening May 22 after two years of construction . The $92 million project includes a brand new terminal nearly six times larger than the existing structure, as well as an additional 4,500 square foot expansion debuting later this summer.

Airport officials hosted a pre-opening tour of the new facility for Palouse-area media on Tuesday.

The new terminal includes capacity for three ticket counters, two TSA screening lanes and three rental car counters. Private charter security screenings will also be available in August with the completion of the western expansion. Passengers arriving into Pullman will no longer have to brave the weather conditions outside, and will instead pass through a modern security gate inside the terminal building.

In spite of the changes, Pullman-Moscow Regional Airport Board Chair and Pullman Mayor Francis Benjamin said the security experience is still likely to be the fastest passengers have experienced with air travel.

References to the Palouse and its institutions of higher education will be evident throughout the new airport. Artistic depictions of the Palouse punctuate each ticket counter, while Washington State University and University of Idaho iconography will be visible throughout the site. Glenn Johnson, longtime Pullman mayor and voice of the Cougs , welcomes visitors to the terminal and provides pre-boarding instructions.

WSU and UI, both heavy users of the airport, provided a joint $1 million in support for the project in 2021, with the cities of Pullman and Moscow contributing a further $2 million each.

Art Bettge, vice-chair of the airport board, noted during a tour of the facility that between the new terminal and the runway project completed in 2022, the Palouse has seen $250 million in investments for a local cost of about $18 million. The lion’s share of the two project’s funding has come from federal sources.

Unlike most airports, summer represents a slowdown for the airport, giving staff time to adjust to the new facilities before the number of flights is expected to pick up in the fall. The airport currently offers two flights to Seattle daily through Aug. 15, with that number rising to five or six thereafter with the addition of a daily flight to Boise. Additional destinations are also being considered.

The new terminal includes seating for upwards of 160 people, an outdoor seating area, a service animal relief area, and space for concessions both pre- and post-security screening. Approximately 70 people work at the airport, with additional staffing needs likely once the new terminal is fully online.

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M.J. Murdock Charitable Trust grant supports WSU concrete sealer research

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Student turns textile scraps into wearable art

To please Putin, universities purge liberals and embrace patriots

Russian university leaders are imbuing the country’s education system with patriotism to favor Putin, quashing Western influences and dissent.

Two weeks before the start of his 25th year as Russia’s supreme political leader, Vladimir Putin made a sweeping proclamation: “Wars are won by teachers.”

The remark, which Putin repeated twice during his year-end news conference in December, shed light on a campaign he is waging that has received little attention outside wartime Russia: to imbue the country’s education system with patriotism, purge universities of Western influences, and quash any dissent among professors and students on campuses that are often hotbeds of political activism.

At St. Petersburg State University, this meant dismantling a prestigious humanities program called the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences. For more than a decade, until May 2022, the faculty — or college — was led by Alexei Kudrin, a liberal economist and former finance minister who had been a close associate of Putin’s since the early 1990s, when they were deputy mayors together in St. Petersburg.

“We had many classes on U.S. history, American political life, democracy and political thought, as well as courses on Russian history and political science, history of U.S.-Russian relations, and even a course titled ‘The ABCs of War: Causes, Effects, Consequences,’” said a student at the faculty, also known as Smolny College. “They are all gone now,” the student said, speaking on the condition of anonymity for fear of retribution.

About this series

In a radical reshaping of Russia’s education system, curriculums are being redrawn to stress patriotism and textbooks rewritten to belittle Ukraine, glorify Russia and whitewash the totalitarian Soviet past. These changes — the most sweeping to schooling in Russia since the 1930s — are a core part of Putin’s effort to harness the war in Ukraine to remaster his country as a regressive, militarized state.

Since the February 2022 invasion of Ukraine, leaders of Russian universities, which are overwhelmingly funded by the state, have zealously adopted the Kremlin’s intolerance of any dissent or self-organization, according to an extensive examination by The Washington Post of events on campuses across Russia, including interviews with students and professors both still in the country and in exile.

Professors who spoke out against the war, or allowed safe spaces for students to question it, have been fired. Students who picketed or posted on social media for peace were expelled.

Meanwhile, those who volunteer to fight in Ukraine have been celebrated in line with Putin’s promises that war heroes and their descendants will become the new Russian elite, with enhanced social benefits, including special preference for children seeking to enter top academic programs. Normally, such programs require near-perfect grades and high scores on competitive exams — uniform standards that applicants from all societal backgrounds have relied on for decades.

And the most fundamental precept of academic life — the freedom to think independently, to challenge conventional assumptions and pursue new, bold ideas — has been eroded by edicts that classrooms become echo chambers of the authoritarian nativism and historical distortions that Putin uses to justify his war and his will.

As a result, a system of higher learning that once was a beacon for students across the developing world is now shutting itself off from peer academies in the West, severing one of the few ties that had survived years of political turbulence. Freedom of thought is being trampled, if not eradicated. Eminent scholars have fled for positions abroad, while others said in interviews that they are planning to do so.

At the Russian State University for the Humanities in Moscow, officials last July created the Ivan Ilyin Higher Political School, which is now being led by Alexander Dugin, a fervent pro-Putin and Orthodox Christian ideologue who was tasked with “revising domestic scientific and educational paradigms and bringing them into line with our traditional Russian spiritual and moral values.”

“There has been a catastrophic degradation in Western humanitarian history,” Dugin said at a January seminar on transforming Russian humanities education. “This is evidenced by gender problems, postmodernism and ultraliberalism. We can study the West, but not as the ultimate universal truth. We need to focus on our own Russian development model.”

How we reported ‘Russia, Remastered’

Last month, students pushed an online petition to protest the naming of the school after Ilyin, a philosopher who defended Hitler and Mussolini in World War II and advocated for the return of czarist autocracy in Russia. In a statement to Tass, the state-controlled news service, the university denounced the petition as “part of the information war of the West and its supporters against Russia” and asserted, without providing evidence, that the group behind it had no connection to students at the school.

Programs specializing in the liberal arts and sciences are primary targets because they are viewed as breeding grounds for dissent. Major universities have cut the hours spent studying Western governments, human rights and international law, and even the English language.

“We were destroyed,” said Denis Skopin, a philosophy professor at Smolny College who was fired for criticizing the war. “Because the last thing people who run universities need are unreliable actors who do the ‘wrong’ thing, think in a different way, and teach their students to do the same.”

The demise of

Smolny College

The demise of Smolny College

St. Petersburg State University, commonly known as SPbU, has long been one of Russia’s premier academies of higher learning. It is the alma mater of both Putin, who graduated with a degree in law in 1975, and former president Dmitry Medvedev, who received his law degree 12 years later and now routinely threatens nuclear strikes on the West as deputy chairman of Russia’s national security council.

In many ways, the university has become the leader in reprisals against students and staff not loyal to the Kremlin, with one newspaper dubbing it the “repressions champion” of Russian education. Its halls have become a microcosm of modern Russia in which conservatives in power are pushing out the few remaining Western-oriented liberals.

Like other aspects of Putin’s remastering of Russia — such as patriotic mandates in the arts and the redrawing of the role of women to focus on childbearing — the shift in education started well before the invasion of Ukraine. In 2021, Russia ended a more than 20-year-old exchange program between Smolny College and Bard College in New York state by designating the private American liberal arts school an “undesirable” organization.

Jonathan Becker, Bard’s vice president for academic affairs and a professor of political studies, said the demise of Smolny was emblematic of a wider shift in Russia as well as a new intolerance of the West.

“A huge number of faculty have been let go, several departments closed, core liberal arts programs which focus on critical thinking have been eliminated,” Becker said. “All of that has happened, and it’s not just happened at Smolny — it has happened elsewhere. But we were doubly problematic because we both represent critical thinking and partnership with the West. And neither of those are acceptable in present-day Russia.”

In October 2022, in a scene captured on video and posted on social media, dozens of students gathered in a courtyard to bid a tearful goodbye to Skopin, Smolny’s cherished philosophy professor who was fired for an “immoral act” — protesting Putin’s announcement of a partial military mobilization to replenish his depleted forces in Ukraine.

The month before, according to court records and interviews, Skopin was arrested at an antiwar rally. He ended up sharing a jail cell with another professor, Artem Kalmykov, a young mathematician who had recently finished his PhD at the University of Zurich.

That fall, the university launched an overhaul that all but shut Smolny College and replaced the curriculum with a thoroughly revamped arts and humanities program.

The dismantling of Smolny marked the resolution of a years-long feud between Kudrin, the liberal-economist dean, and Nikolai Kropachev, the university rector, whom tutors and students described as a volatile character with a passion for building ties in the highest echelons of the government.

It’s hard to describe the insane level of anxiety the students felt at the start of the invasion, and I’d say 99 percent of them were against it.”

Denis Skopin

Former philosophy professor at Smolny College

It’s hard to describe the insane level of anxiety the students felt at the start of the invasion, and I’d say

99 percent of them were against it.”

It’s hard to describe the insane level

of anxiety the students felt at the start

of the invasion, and I’d say 99 percent

of them were against it.”

It’s hard to describe the insane level of anxiety

the students felt at the start of the invasion,

and I’d say 99 percent of them were against it.”

In February, Sergei Naryshkin, the head of Russia’s Foreign Intelligence Service, sent a heartfelt birthday message to Kropachev, thanking him for his “civic and political activity” and for “comprehensive assistance in replenishing personnel.”

One student described how Kropachev once interrupted a meeting with students and hinted that he needed to take a call from Putin, in what the student viewed as a boast of his direct access to the Russian leader. Both St. Petersburg State University and Moscow State University were assigned a special status in 2009, under which their rectors are appointed personally by the president.

Skopin, who earned his PhD in France, and his cellmate, Kalmykov, were perfect examples of the type of academic that Russia aspired to attract from the early 2000s to the mid-2010s — enticed after studying abroad to bring knowledge home amid booming investment in higher education. But by 2022, the system seemed to have no need for them.

Video of the gathering in the courtyard shows students erupting in sustained applause, and one student coming forward to hug Skopin.

“It’s hard to describe the insane level of anxiety the students felt at the start of the invasion, and I’d say 99 percent of them were against it,” Skopin said.

After his dismissal, some students tried to fight the administration’s plan to dismantle the Smolny program.

“At one point we found ourselves in a situation where out of 30 original faculty staff, we had just three tutors left,” said Polina Ulanovskaya, a sociology student and activist who led the student union. “And the quality of education definitely suffered, especially all of the politics-related classes.”

Ulanovskaya said that on the political science track, only two professors have stayed, and many classes were eliminated, including a human rights course. There are now just two courses offered in English, down from 21.

With every new professor, Ulanovskaya said, she felt a need to test the waters. Would the word “gender” trigger them? Could she say something opposition-leaning? What would be a red flag?

Ulanovskaya opted out of writing a thesis on her main research topic — Russian social movements, politicization of workers and historic-preservation activists — out of fear that it would be blacklisted. Instead, she wrote about Uruguay.

“The main problem at the faculty now is that there is no freedom and especially no sense of security,” she said. “I guess there is no such thing anywhere in Russia now ... you can’t trust anyone in any university.”

A few weeks after The Post interviewed Ulanovskaya last fall, she was expelled, formally for failing an exam, but she and Skopin said they believe it was retaliation for her activism.

Another student, Yelizaveta Antonova, was supposed to get her bachelor’s degree in journalism just days after legendary Novaya Gazeta newspaper reporter Yelena Milashina was brutally beaten in Chechnya, the small Muslim-majority republic in southern Russia under the dictatorial rule of Ramzan Kadyrov.

Antonova, who interned at Novaya Gazeta and looked up to Milashina, felt she could not accept her diploma without showing support for her colleague. She and a roommate printed a photo of Milashina, depicting the reporter’s shaved head and bandaged hands, to stage a demonstration at their graduation ceremony — much to the dismay of other classmates, who sought to block the protest.

“They essentially prevented us from going on stage,” Antonova said. “So we did it outside of the law school, and we felt it was extra symbolic because Putin and Medvedev studied in these halls.”

They held up the poster for about half an hour, until another student threatened them by saying riot police were on the way to arrest them. Antonova believes the protest cost her a spot in graduate school, where she hoped to continue her research comparing Russia’s media landscape before and after the invasion.

Eight months after the graduation ceremony, authorities launched a case against Antonova and her roommate for staging an unauthorized demonstration — an administrative offense that is punishable by a fine and puts people on law enforcement’s radar. Antonova left the country to continue her studies abroad.

Ideological divides

The history college at St. Petersburg State has long been a battleground for various ideologies, with cliques ranging from conservatives and Kremlin loyalists to unyielding opposition-minded liberals, according to interviews with students and professors.

The February 2022 invasion of Ukraine caused a deeper split. Some students and professors openly praised Putin’s “special military operation,” as the Kremlin called the war, while others joined rallies against it.

“The war gave them carte blanche,” said Michael Martin, 22, a former star at the college — to which he was automatically admitted after winning two nationwide academic competitions and where he earned straight A’s.

Martin was a leader of the student council, which on the day of the invasion issued an antiwar manifesto quickly drafted in a cafe.

Another history student, Fedor Solomonov, took the opposite view and praised the special military operation on social media. When Solomonov was called up as part of the mobilization, he declined to take a student deferral and went to fight. He died on the front on April 1, 2023.

Soon after Solomonov’s death, screenshots from internal chats where students often debated history and politics were leaked and went viral on pro-war Telegram channels. In some, Martin and other classmates expressed antiwar sentiments, while another showed a message — allegedly written by an assistant professor, Mikhail Belousov — vaguely describing events in Ukraine as “Rashism,” a wordplay combining “Russia” and “fascism.”

In an aggressive online campaign, pro-war activists demanded that Belousov, who denied writing the message, be fired and that the antiwar students, whom they labeled “a pro-Ukrainian organized crime group,” be expelled.

“A cell of anti-Russian students led by a Russophobe associate professor is operating at the history faculty,” read posts on Readovka, a radical outlet with 2.5 million followers. “They are rabid liberals who hate their country.” Belousov was dismissed and seven students, including Martin, were accused of desecrating Solomonov’s memory and expelled.

Belousov has gone underground and could not be reached for comment.

“They essentially tried to make me do the Sieg Heil,” Martin said, recalling the expulsion hearing, where he said the committee repeatedly asked leading questions trying to get him to say the war was justified. The committee also asked him repeatedly about Solomonov.

“I said he was for the war and I was against it — we could argue about that,” Martin said. “I didn’t find anything funny or interesting in this — I’m truly sorry for what happened to him, but at the same time, I don’t think that he did something good or great by going to war.”

Martin said that as the war raged on, the university began “glorifying death” and praising alumni who had joined the military.

This narrative also warped the curriculum.

A few weeks into the invasion, the school introduced a class on modern Ukrainian history, with a course description asserting that Ukrainian statehood is based “on a certain mythology.”

They essentially tried to make me do the Sieg Heil.”

Michael Martin

Former student at St. Petersburg State University

Belousov, the former assistant professor, criticized a course titled “The Great Patriotic War: No Statute of Limitations,” taught by an instructor with a degree in library science. The key message of the course is that the Soviet Union had no role in the start of World War II — a denial of Russia’s joint invasion of Poland with Nazi Germany in 1939.

According to a government document reviewed by The Post, Russia’s Higher Education Ministry plans to introduce this course at other universities to ensure the “civic-patriotic and spiritual-moral education of youth,” specifically future lawyers, teachers and historians, and to “correct false ideas.”

“These are obviously propaganda courses that are aimed at turning historians into court apologists,” Martin said.

Martin was expelled days before he was supposed to defend his thesis. He quickly left the country after warnings that he and his classmates could be charged with discrediting the army, a crime punishable by up to 15 years in prison. A criminal case was initiated against Belousov on charges of rehabilitating Nazism.

“This is all very reminiscent of the Stalinist 1930s purges,” Martin said. “The limit of tolerated protest now is to sit silently and say nothing. There is despair at the faculty and a feeling that they have crushed everything.”

New Russian elite

To lure more Russian men to fight in Ukraine, the government has promised their families various sweeteners, including cheap mortgages, large life insurance payments and education benefits for their children.

In 2022, Putin approved changes to education laws to grant children of soldiers who fought in Ukraine admissions preferences at Russia’s best universities — schools that normally accept only students with near-perfect exam scores and impressive high school records.

Now, at least 10 percent of all fully funded university spots must be allocated to students eligible for the military preference. Those whose fathers were killed or wounded do not need to pass entry exams.

The new law solidified a previous Putin decree that gave special preferences to soldiers and their children. In the 2023-24 academic year, about 8,500 students were enrolled based on these preferences, government officials said. According to an investigation by the Russian-language outlet Important Stories, nearly 900 students were admitted to 13 top universities through war quotas, with most failing to meet the normal exam score threshold.

In areas of Ukraine captured by Russian forces since February 2022, a different takeover of the education system is underway, with Moscow imposing its curriculum and standards just as it did after invading and illegally annexing Crimea in 2014.

For the 2023-24 academic year, according to the Russian prime minister’s office, more than 5 percent of fully state-financed tuition stipends — roughly 37,000 out of 626,000 — were allocated for students at universities in Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson or Zaporizhzhia, the four occupied or partly occupied areas of Ukraine that Putin has claimed to be annexed.

The relatively large allocation of tuition aid in occupied areas shows how financial assistance and education are central to Putin’s effort to seize lands in southeast Ukraine and absorb its population into Russia in violation of international law.

Deans of several leading Russian universities have made highly publicized trips to occupied Ukraine to urge students there to enroll into Russian schools, part of a multipronged effort to bring residents into Moscow’s orbit.

The Moscow-based Higher School of Economics, once considered Russia’s most liberal university, recently established patronage over universities in Luhansk, with Rector Nikita Anisimov often traveling there.

An inward turn

A few weeks after the invasion started, Moscow abandoned the Bologna Process , a pan-European effort to align higher education standards, as Russia’s deans and rectors strove to show they weren’t susceptible to foreign influence.

Higher Education Minister Valery Falkov said Russian universities would undergo significant changes in the next half-decade, overseen by the national program “Priority 2030,” which envisions curriculums that ensure “formation of a patriotic worldview in young people.”

Soon after Russia quit the Bologna Process, Smolny College was targeted for overhaul.

“The decision was an expected but distinct shift from the more liberal model of Russian higher education policy that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union,” said Victoria Pardini, a program associate at the Kennan Institute, a Washington think tank focused on Russia.

Another prestigious school, the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, canceled its liberal arts program in 2022 after authorities accused it of “destroying national values.”

In mid-October 2023, the Higher Education Ministry ordered universities to avoid open discussion of “negative political, economic and social trends,” according to a publicly disclosed report by British intelligence. “In the longer term, this will likely further the trend of Russian policymaking taking place in an echo-chamber,” the report concluded.

Russia’s position among

countries by number of

scholarly papers published

Source: Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics

of Knowledge

Russia’s position among countries by

number of scholarly papers published

Source: Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge

Russia’s position among countries by number of

Many international exchange programs have been canceled — some because Russian students now have difficulty obtaining visas. Still, a heavy brain drain is underway. “All those who could — they left the country,” Skopin said of his students. “Those who can’t are thrashing around as if they are in a cage.”

Martin is among those who got out — he was recently accepted into a prestigious master’s program abroad and plans to continue his research into 19th-century Australian federalism.

Skopin now teaches in Berlin and is a member of Smolny Beyond Borders, an education program that seeks funding to cover the tuition of students who leave Russia because of their political views. As of late 2023, an estimated 700 students were enrolled.