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International Baccalaureate (IB)

IB students around the globe fear writing the Extended Essay, but it doesn't have to be a source of stress! In this article, I'll get you excited about writing your Extended Essay and provide you with the resources you need to get an A on it.

If you're reading this article, I'm going to assume you're an IB student getting ready to write your Extended Essay. If you're looking at this as a potential future IB student, I recommend reading our introductory IB articles first, including our guide to what the IB program is and our full coverage of the IB curriculum .

IB Extended Essay: Why Should You Trust My Advice?

I myself am a recipient of an IB Diploma, and I happened to receive an A on my IB Extended Essay. Don't believe me? The proof is in the IBO pudding:

If you're confused by what this report means, EE is short for Extended Essay , and English A1 is the subject that my Extended Essay topic coordinated with. In layman's terms, my IB Diploma was graded in May 2010, I wrote my Extended Essay in the English A1 category, and I received an A grade on it.

What Is the Extended Essay in the IB Diploma Programme?

The IB Extended Essay, or EE , is a mini-thesis you write under the supervision of an IB advisor (an IB teacher at your school), which counts toward your IB Diploma (learn more about the major IB Diploma requirements in our guide) . I will explain exactly how the EE affects your Diploma later in this article.

For the Extended Essay, you will choose a research question as a topic, conduct the research independently, then write an essay on your findings . The essay itself is a long one—although there's a cap of 4,000 words, most successful essays get very close to this limit.

Keep in mind that the IB requires this essay to be a "formal piece of academic writing," meaning you'll have to do outside research and cite additional sources.

The IB Extended Essay must include the following:

• A title page
• Contents page
• Introduction
• Body of the essay
• References and bibliography

Additionally, your research topic must fall into one of the six approved DP categories , or IB subject groups, which are as follows:

• Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature
• Group 2: Language Acquisition
• Group 3: Individuals and Societies
• Group 4: Sciences
• Group 5: Mathematics
• Group 6: The Arts

Once you figure out your category and have identified a potential research topic, it's time to pick your advisor, who is normally an IB teacher at your school (though you can also find one online ). This person will help direct your research, and they'll conduct the reflection sessions you'll have to do as part of your Extended Essay.

As of 2018, the IB requires a "reflection process" as part of your EE supervision process. To fulfill this requirement, you have to meet at least three times with your supervisor in what the IB calls "reflection sessions." These meetings are not only mandatory but are also part of the formal assessment of the EE and your research methods.

According to the IB, the purpose of these meetings is to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their engagement with the research process." Basically, these meetings give your supervisor the opportunity to offer feedback, push you to think differently, and encourage you to evaluate your research process.

The final reflection session is called the viva voce, and it's a short 10- to 15-minute interview between you and your advisor. This happens at the very end of the EE process, and it's designed to help your advisor write their report, which factors into your EE grade.

Here are the topics covered in your viva voce :

• A check on plagiarism and malpractice
• Your reflection on your project's successes and difficulties
• Your reflection on what you've learned during the EE process

Your completed Extended Essay, along with your supervisor's report, will then be sent to the IB to be graded. We'll cover the assessment criteria in just a moment.

We'll help you learn how to have those "lightbulb" moments...even on test day!  

What Should You Write About in Your IB Extended Essay?

You can technically write about anything, so long as it falls within one of the approved categories listed above.

It's best to choose a topic that matches one of the IB courses , (such as Theatre, Film, Spanish, French, Math, Biology, etc.), which shouldn't be difficult because there are so many class subjects.

Here is a range of sample topics with the attached extended essay:

• Biology: The Effect of Age and Gender on the Photoreceptor Cells in the Human Retina
• Chemistry: How Does Reflux Time Affect the Yield and Purity of Ethyl Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine), and How Effective is Recrystallisation as a Purification Technique for This Compound?
• English: An Exploration of Jane Austen's Use of the Outdoors in Emma
• Geography: The Effect of Location on the Educational Attainment of Indigenous Secondary Students in Queensland, Australia
• Math: Alhazen's Billiard Problem
• Visual Arts: Can Luc Tuymans Be Classified as a Political Painter?

You can see from how varied the topics are that you have a lot of freedom when it comes to picking a topic . So how do you pick when the options are limitless?

How to Write a Stellar IB Extended Essay: 6 Essential Tips

Below are six key tips to keep in mind as you work on your Extended Essay for the IB DP. Follow these and you're sure to get an A!

#1: Write About Something You Enjoy

You can't expect to write a compelling essay if you're not a fan of the topic on which you're writing. For example, I just love British theatre and ended up writing my Extended Essay on a revolution in post-WWII British theatre. (Yes, I'm definitely a #TheatreNerd.)

I really encourage anyone who pursues an IB Diploma to take the Extended Essay seriously. I was fortunate enough to receive a full-tuition merit scholarship to USC's School of Dramatic Arts program. In my interview for the scholarship, I spoke passionately about my Extended Essay; thus, I genuinely think my Extended Essay helped me get my scholarship.

But how do you find a topic you're passionate about? Start by thinking about which classes you enjoy the most and why . Do you like math classes because you like to solve problems? Or do you enjoy English because you like to analyze literary texts?

Keep in mind that there's no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your Extended Essay topic. You're not more likely to get high marks because you're writing about science, just like you're not doomed to failure because you've chosen to tackle the social sciences. The quality of what you produce—not the field you choose to research within—will determine your grade.

Once you've figured out your category, you should brainstorm more specific topics by putting pen to paper . What was your favorite chapter you learned in that class? Was it astrophysics or mechanics? What did you like about that specific chapter? Is there something you want to learn more about? I recommend spending a few hours on this type of brainstorming.

One last note: if you're truly stumped on what to research, pick a topic that will help you in your future major or career . That way you can use your Extended Essay as a talking point in your college essays (and it will prepare you for your studies to come too!).

#2: Select a Topic That Is Neither Too Broad nor Too Narrow

There's a fine line between broad and narrow. You need to write about something specific, but not so specific that you can't write 4,000 words on it.

You can't write about WWII because that would be a book's worth of material. You also don't want to write about what type of soup prisoners of war received behind enemy lines, because you probably won’t be able to come up with 4,000 words of material about it. However, you could possibly write about how the conditions in German POW camps—and the rations provided—were directly affected by the Nazis' successes and failures on the front, including the use of captured factories and prison labor in Eastern Europe to increase production. WWII military history might be a little overdone, but you get my point.

If you're really stuck trying to pinpoint a not-too-broad-or-too-narrow topic, I suggest trying to brainstorm a topic that uses a comparison. Once you begin looking through the list of sample essays below, you'll notice that many use comparisons to formulate their main arguments.

I also used a comparison in my EE, contrasting Harold Pinter's Party Time with John Osborne's Look Back in Anger in order to show a transition in British theatre. Topics with comparisons of two to three plays, books, and so on tend to be the sweet spot. You can analyze each item and then compare them with one another after doing some in-depth analysis of each individually. The ways these items compare and contrast will end up forming the thesis of your essay!

When choosing a comparative topic, the key is that the comparison should be significant. I compared two plays to illustrate the transition in British theatre, but you could compare the ways different regional dialects affect people's job prospects or how different temperatures may or may not affect the mating patterns of lightning bugs. The point here is that comparisons not only help you limit your topic, but they also help you build your argument.

Comparisons are not the only way to get a grade-A EE, though. If after brainstorming, you pick a non-comparison-based topic and are still unsure whether your topic is too broad or narrow, spend about 30 minutes doing some basic research and see how much material is out there.

If there are more than 1,000 books, articles, or documentaries out there on that exact topic, it may be too broad. But if there are only two books that have any connection to your topic, it may be too narrow. If you're still unsure, ask your advisor—it's what they're there for! Speaking of advisors...

Don't get stuck with a narrow topic!

#3: Choose an Advisor Who Is Familiar With Your Topic

If you're not certain of who you would like to be your advisor, create a list of your top three choices. Next, write down the pros and cons of each possibility (I know this sounds tedious, but it really helps!).

For example, Mr. Green is my favorite teacher and we get along really well, but he teaches English. For my EE, I want to conduct an experiment that compares the efficiency of American electric cars with foreign electric cars.

I had Ms. White a year ago. She teaches physics and enjoyed having me in her class. Unlike Mr. Green, Ms. White could help me design my experiment.

Based on my topic and what I need from my advisor, Ms. White would be a better fit for me than would Mr. Green (even though I like him a lot).

The moral of my story is this: do not just ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor . They might be a hindrance to you if they teach another subject. For example, I would not recommend asking your biology teacher to guide you in writing an English literature-based EE.

There can, of course, be exceptions to this rule. If you have a teacher who's passionate and knowledgeable about your topic (as my English teacher was about my theatre topic), you could ask that instructor. Consider all your options before you do this. There was no theatre teacher at my high school, so I couldn't find a theatre-specific advisor, but I chose the next best thing.

Before you approach a teacher to serve as your advisor, check with your high school to see what requirements they have for this process. Some IB high schools require your IB Extended Essay advisor to sign an Agreement Form , for instance.

Make sure that you ask your IB coordinator whether there is any required paperwork to fill out. If your school needs a specific form signed, bring it with you when you ask your teacher to be your EE advisor.

#4: Pick an Advisor Who Will Push You to Be Your Best

Some teachers might just take on students because they have to and aren't very passionate about reading drafts, only giving you minimal feedback. Choose a teacher who will take the time to read several drafts of your essay and give you extensive notes. I would not have gotten my A without being pushed to make my Extended Essay draft better.

Ask a teacher that you have experience with through class or an extracurricular activity. Do not ask a teacher that you have absolutely no connection to. If a teacher already knows you, that means they already know your strengths and weaknesses, so they know what to look for, where you need to improve, and how to encourage your best work.

Also, don't forget that your supervisor's assessment is part of your overall EE score . If you're meeting with someone who pushes you to do better—and you actually take their advice—they'll have more impressive things to say about you than a supervisor who doesn't know you well and isn't heavily involved in your research process.

Be aware that the IB only allows advisors to make suggestions and give constructive criticism. Your teacher cannot actually help you write your EE. The IB recommends that the supervisor spends approximately two to three hours in total with the candidate discussing the EE.

#5: Make Sure Your Essay Has a Clear Structure and Flow

The IB likes structure. Your EE needs a clear introduction (which should be one to two double-spaced pages), research question/focus (i.e., what you're investigating), a body, and a conclusion (about one double-spaced page). An essay with unclear organization will be graded poorly.

The body of your EE should make up the bulk of the essay. It should be about eight to 18 pages long (again, depending on your topic). Your body can be split into multiple parts. For example, if you were doing a comparison, you might have one third of your body as Novel A Analysis, another third as Novel B Analysis, and the final third as your comparison of Novels A and B.

If you're conducting an experiment or analyzing data, such as in this EE , your EE body should have a clear structure that aligns with the scientific method ; you should state the research question, discuss your method, present the data, analyze the data, explain any uncertainties, and draw a conclusion and/or evaluate the success of the experiment.

#6: Start Writing Sooner Rather Than Later!

You will not be able to crank out a 4,000-word essay in just a week and get an A on it. You'll be reading many, many articles (and, depending on your topic, possibly books and plays as well!). As such, it's imperative that you start your research as soon as possible.

Each school has a slightly different deadline for the Extended Essay. Some schools want them as soon as November of your senior year; others will take them as late as February. Your school will tell you what your deadline is. If they haven't mentioned it by February of your junior year, ask your IB coordinator about it.

Some high schools will provide you with a timeline of when you need to come up with a topic, when you need to meet with your advisor, and when certain drafts are due. Not all schools do this. Ask your IB coordinator if you are unsure whether you are on a specific timeline.

Below is my recommended EE timeline. While it's earlier than most schools, it'll save you a ton of heartache (trust me, I remember how hard this process was!):

• January/February of Junior Year: Come up with your final research topic (or at least your top three options).
• February of Junior Year: Approach a teacher about being your EE advisor. If they decline, keep asking others until you find one. See my notes above on how to pick an EE advisor.
• April/May of Junior Year: Submit an outline of your EE and a bibliography of potential research sources (I recommend at least seven to 10) to your EE advisor. Meet with your EE advisor to discuss your outline.
• Summer Between Junior and Senior Year: Complete your first full draft over the summer between your junior and senior year. I know, I know—no one wants to work during the summer, but trust me—this will save you so much stress come fall when you are busy with college applications and other internal assessments for your IB classes. You will want to have this first full draft done because you will want to complete a couple of draft cycles as you likely won't be able to get everything you want to say into 4,000 articulate words on the first attempt. Try to get this first draft into the best possible shape so you don't have to work on too many revisions during the school year on top of your homework, college applications, and extracurriculars.
• August/September of Senior Year: Turn in your first draft of your EE to your advisor and receive feedback. Work on incorporating their feedback into your essay. If they have a lot of suggestions for improvement, ask if they will read one more draft before the final draft.
• September/October of Senior Year: Submit the second draft of your EE to your advisor (if necessary) and look at their feedback. Work on creating the best possible final draft.
• November-February of Senior Year: Schedule your viva voce. Submit two copies of your final draft to your school to be sent off to the IB. You likely will not get your grade until after you graduate.

Remember that in the middle of these milestones, you'll need to schedule two other reflection sessions with your advisor . (Your teachers will actually take notes on these sessions on a form like this one , which then gets submitted to the IB.)

I recommend doing them when you get feedback on your drafts, but these meetings will ultimately be up to your supervisor. Just don't forget to do them!

The early bird DOES get the worm!

How Is the IB Extended Essay Graded?

Extended Essays are graded by examiners appointed by the IB on a scale of 0 to 34 . You'll be graded on five criteria, each with its own set of points. You can learn more about how EE scoring works by reading the IB guide to extended essays .

• Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum)
• Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum)
• Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum)
• Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum)
• Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum)

How well you do on each of these criteria will determine the final letter grade you get for your EE. You must earn at least a D to be eligible to receive your IB Diploma.

Although each criterion has a point value, the IB explicitly states that graders are not converting point totals into grades; instead, they're using qualitative grade descriptors to determine the final grade of your Extended Essay . Grade descriptors are on pages 102-103 of this document .

Here's a rough estimate of how these different point values translate to letter grades based on previous scoring methods for the EE. This is just an estimate —you should read and understand the grade descriptors so you know exactly what the scorers are looking for.

Here is the breakdown of EE scores (from the May 2021 bulletin):

How Does the Extended Essay Grade Affect Your IB Diploma?

The Extended Essay grade is combined with your TOK (Theory of Knowledge) grade to determine how many points you get toward your IB Diploma.

To learn about Theory of Knowledge or how many points you need to receive an IB Diploma, read our complete guide to the IB program and our guide to the IB Diploma requirements .

This diagram shows how the two scores are combined to determine how many points you receive for your IB diploma (3 being the most, 0 being the least). In order to get your IB Diploma, you have to earn 24 points across both categories (the TOK and EE). The highest score anyone can earn is 45 points.

Let's say you get an A on your EE and a B on TOK. You will get 3 points toward your Diploma. As of 2014, a student who scores an E on either the extended essay or TOK essay will not be eligible to receive an IB Diploma .

Prior to the class of 2010, a Diploma candidate could receive a failing grade in either the Extended Essay or Theory of Knowledge and still be awarded a Diploma, but this is no longer true.

Figuring out how you're assessed can be a little tricky. Luckily, the IB breaks everything down here in this document . (The assessment information begins on page 219.)

40+ Sample Extended Essays for the IB Diploma Programme

In case you want a little more guidance on how to get an A on your EE, here are over 40 excellent (grade A) sample extended essays for your reading pleasure. Essays are grouped by IB subject.

• Business Management 1
• Chemistry 1
• Chemistry 2
• Chemistry 3
• Chemistry 4
• Chemistry 5
• Chemistry 6
• Chemistry 7
• Computer Science 1
• Economics 1
• Design Technology 1
• Design Technology 2
• Environmental Systems and Societies 1
• Geography 1
• Geography 2
• Geography 3
• Geography 4
• Geography 5
• Geography 6
• Literature and Performance 1
• Mathematics 1
• Mathematics 2
• Mathematics 3
• Mathematics 4
• Mathematics 5
• Philosophy 1
• Philosophy 2
• Philosophy 3
• Philosophy 4
• Philosophy 5
• Psychology 1
• Psychology 2
• Psychology 3
• Psychology 4
• Psychology 5
• Social and Cultural Anthropology 1
• Social and Cultural Anthropology 2
• Social and Cultural Anthropology 3
• Sports, Exercise and Health Science 1
• Sports, Exercise and Health Science 2
• Visual Arts 1
• Visual Arts 2
• Visual Arts 3
• Visual Arts 4
• Visual Arts 5
• World Religion 1
• World Religion 2
• World Religion 3

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The IB extended essay is a paper of up to 4,000 words that is required for students enrolled in the International Baccalaureate (IB) diploma program. The extended essay allows students to engage in independent research on a topic within one of the available subject areas.

The extended essay should be an original piece of academic writing that demonstrates the following student's abilities:

• Formulating a research question
• Conductig independent investigation
• Presenting key findings in a scholarly format.

Check out this article by StudyCrumb to discover how to write an IB extendend essay properly. We will give you a complete writing guide and critical tips you need for this essay type.

IB Extended Essay: What Is It?

An extended essay is independent research. Usually students choose a topic in consultation with a mentor. It is an integral part of the International Baccalaureate (IB) degree program. This means that you won't receive a degree without a successfully written paper. It requires 4,000-word study on a chosen narrow topic. To get a high score, you should meet all required structure and formatting standards. This is the result of approximately 40 working hours. Its purpose is giving you the opportunity to try independent research writing. It's approved that these skills are critical for student success at university. The following sections explain how to write an extended article with examples. So keep reading!  

Choosing a Mentor for Extended Essay

IB extended essay guidelines require supervisor meetings, totaling 3-5 hours. They include three critical reflections. A mentor won't write a paper instead of you but can help adjust it. So it is important to consult with them, but no one will proofread or correct actual research for you. In general, initially treat an essay as an exclusively individual work. So your role and contribution are maximal.

Extended Essay Outline

Let's take a look at how to write an extended essay outline. In this part, you organize yourself so that your work develops your idea. So we especially recommend you work out this step with your teacher. You can also find any outline example for essay . In your short sketch, plan a roadmap for your thoughts. Think through and prepare a summary of each paragraph. Then, expand annotation of each section with a couple more supporting evidence. Explain how specific examples illustrate key points. Make it more significant by using different opinions on general issues.  

Extended Essay: Getting Started

After you chose an extended essay topic and made an outline, it's time to start your research. Start with a complete Table of Contents and make a choice of a research question. Select the subject in which you feel most confident and which is most interesting for you. For example, if at school you are interested in natural science, focus on that. If you have difficulties choosing a research question, rely on our essay topic generator .

Extended Essay Introduction

In the introduction of an extended essay, present a thesis statement. But do it in such a way that your readers understand the importance of your research. State research question clearly. That is the central question that you are trying to answer while writing. Even your score depends on how you develop your particular research question. Therefore, it is essential to draw it up correctly. Gather all relevant information from relevant sources. Explain why this is worth exploring. Then provide a research plan, which you will disclose further.  

Extended Essay Methodology

In accordance with extended essay guidelines, it's mandatory to choose and clearly state a methodological approach. So, it will be apparent to your examiner how you answered your research question. Include your collection methods and tools you use for collection and analysis. Your strategies can be experimental or descriptive, quantitative or qualitative. Research collection tools include observations, questionnaires, interviews, or background knowledge.

Extended Essay Main Body

Well, here we come to the most voluminous part of the extended essay for IB! In every essay body paragraph , you reveal your research question and discuss your topic. Provide all details of your academic study. But stay focused and do it without dubious ideas. Use different sources of information to provide supporting arguments and substantial evidence. This will impress professors. For this section, 3 main paragraphs are enough. Discuss each idea or argument in a separate paragraph. You can even use supporting quotes where appropriate. But don't overcomplicate. Make your extended essay easy to read and logical. It's critical to stay concise, so if you aren't sure how to make your text readable, use our tool to get a readbility test . Following the plan you outlined earlier is very important. Analyze each fact before including it in your writing. And don't write unnecessary information.

Extended Essay Conclusion

Now let's move on to the final part of IB extended essay guidelines. In conclusion, focus on summarizing the main points you have made. No new ideas or information can be introduced in this part. Use conclusion as your last chance to impress your readers. Reframe your own strong thesis. Here you must show all key points. Do not repeat absolutely every argument. Better try to make this part unique. This will show that you have a clear understanding of the topic you have chosen. And even more professional will be recommendations of new areas for future research. One good paragraph may be enough here. Although in some cases, two or three paragraphs may be required.

Extended Essay Bibliography & Appendices

To write an impressive extended essay, you should focus on appropriate information. You must create a separate page for bibliography with all sources you used. Tip from us: start writing this page with the first quote you use. Don't write this part last or postpone. In turn, appendices are not an essential section. Examiners will not pay much attention to this part. Therefore, include all information directly related to analysis and argumentation in the main body. Include raw data in the appendix only if it is really urgently needed. Moreover, it is better not to refer to appendices in text itself. This can disrupt the narrative of the essay.  

Extended Essay Examples

We have prepared a good example of an extended essay. You can check it by downloading it for free. You can use it as a template. However, pay attention that your paper is required to be unique. Don't be afraid to present all the skills you gained during your IB.

Final Thoughts on IB Extended Essay

In this article, we presented detailed IB extended essay guidelines. An extended essay is a daunting academic challenge to write. It is a research paper with a deep thematic analysis of information. But we have described several practical and straightforward tips. Therefore, we are sure that you will succeed!

If topics seem too complex, turn to our top essay writers. They will accomplish any IB assignment in the best way your professor can evaluate it!  

Daniel Howard is an Essay Writing guru. He helps students create essays that will strike a chord with the readers.

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How to Write an Extended Essay: from Outline to Conclusion

write an extended essay

As a student, especially those pursuing International Baccalaureate (IB), you will be faced with the challenge of coming up with an extended essay. But few students do not know how to write long essays like an extended essay. That is where we come in.

In this comprehensive guide, I will guide you on the 8 steps to follow when writing a good extended essay and provide you with examples of topics you can use.

As noted by one of our top essay writers for hire , extended essays are not like your ordinary essays. As the name suggests, they are extended versions of essays and it may take longer and a unique approach to writing them.

However, before delving into such details, it is important to first understand what extended essays are.

Need Help with your Homework or Essays?

What is an extended essay.

An extended essay (EE) is a form of writing that provides learners with a chance to carry out independent research concerning a topic of their interest.

It is part of the requirements for the International Baccalaureate (IB) program and its content is based on a freely-selected topic provided that there is an instructor for the subject in school since candidates should have a supervisor for the subjects.

To be more precise, an extended essay can be regarded as a 4000-word structured piece of writing centered on an International Baccalaureate student’s topic and it may take various forms.

What is meant by “it may take various forms” is that the way it looks depends on the topic selected. The next section will provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to write an extended essay. 

People Also Read : I Can’t Write My College Essay: Here’s what to do to score A

How to Write an Extended Essay

When writing an extended essay, there 8 steps that should be taken to effectively complete it on time. Carefully read through the 8 steps to fully understand how to write an extended essay.

Step 1: Selecting a Topic and Researching on it

This is the first step that you should take before writing your extended essay.

As noted, extended essays will allow you to write on the topic of your interest.

However, various topics are provided by your instructor and it is upon you to select the topic that interests you.

You should keep in mind that the topic selected should have enough material and resources to support your topic and the position of your arguments concerning the topic.

Some topics may have limited resources.

At the same time, select a topic that is neither too broad nor too narrow. A narrow topic may lack enough material to have a 4000-word extended essay while a broad topic may require a lot of supporting material that may exceed the 4000-word limit.  

If you find the first step confusing or you find it difficult to tackle it on your own, it is advisable to seek a mentor/advisor. You should select an advisor or mentor with whom you will connect well and the one who understands the topic and what is required when writing extended essays.

Such a mentor will help you select the topic that fits your interest. While helping you select a topic that is not too narrow or broad, they should push you to deliver your best. Mentors/advisors can be your instructors or friends who have completed extended essays. 

Once this is done, research extensively concerning your topic and ensure that the sources of your information are peer-reviewed and credible. They should provide the most recent research or information concerning your topic.

Note the sources of your information so that you can cite and reference them in your extended essay. 

Step 2: Coming up With a Research Question

This is an important step because selecting a research question will provide you with a focused and clear summative statement to be used during your research.

It will act as a roadmap or a guideline that will help you during the writing process. It will also help you formulate a clear and concise thesis statement that will summarize your arguments and the position you will take in your extended essay. 

Step 3: Structuring Your Extended Essay

As aforementioned, extended essays should always take an academic format. This means that it should have an acceptable academic structure.

At the same time, since International Baccalaureate (IB) guidelines are constantly updated, you should follow the latest guidelines so that you can utilize the latest format. 

The acceptable format for your extended essay will include an introduction, methodology, main body, conclusion, bibliography, and appendices.

This will be the general structure for your extended essay.

It should be noted that this structure is not an outline.

What this means is that the structure should be considered when coming up with an outline.

Once you have decided the structure of your extended essay, come up with an outline based on your topic, thesis, and arguments.

An outline will act as a guide during the drafting process and it will save a lot of time.

This is because you will have already outlined your extended essay and what you will be doing is to add content to the points you have highlighted. Ensure that individual points translate to a single paragraph. 

You should also note that the extended essay will have a table of contents. Therefore, the outline will be very important when coming up with your table of contents that is located after the cover page of your extended essay. 

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Step 4: Writing the Introduction

Once you have completed the above steps and you have come up with an outline based on the extended essay’s structure, the next step is to introduce your topic and elaborate it to your target readers.

There are various things you should consider when coming up with an introduction.

First of all, the introduction should be catchy and interesting.

This is because your readers will read it before deciding on whether to continue with the rest of the paper.

The best way to do this is to begin your introduction with something catchy or attention-grabbing sentence.

This will arouse the reader’s curiosity to know more about the topic.

The second thing you should know about the introduction is that it should offer a crisp and clear description of what you are going to talk about and the various strategies you will use to explore the topic. It all depends on the topic.

You can decide to highlight the issues that will be explored and the ways of addressing such issues. It is all about proving some brief background of what you will be exploring in the rest of the paper.

Do you remember that you formulated a research question after researching your topic? While introducing the topic of your extended essay, you should provide the context of your research question where you address the situation or the background from which the question comes.

While doing so, you should state the research question and elaborate on why answering the question is important for the paper’s findings. 

The introduction should also tell the readers why the research you present in your extended essay is important, interesting, and/or valuable to the discipline and the audience.

Finally, you should conclude your introduction by writing your thesis statement. This should be the last sentence of your introduction paragraph(s). 

Step 5: Methodology

This is also a very important step when writing an extended essay. To make sure that all the important aspects of the methodology are covered, you should divide this section into two.

The first section of the methodology explains your sources of information and the second section explores the related theories, topics, and arguments that will be used to explore your topic. 

In the first section, you should describe every primary and/or secondary source used, why the sources are important, and their limitations.

Sources of secondary research can include news articles, annual reports for companies, business textbooks, magazine articles, and encyclopedias. The final thing you should do while in section 1 is to state the adjustments made in your research. 

For the second section, you should provide a brief explanation of the theories that are going to be applied and the reason why they are the most appropriate in explaining your arguments.

Also, give the limitations of each theory, topic, or argument applied. Finally, state the changes made during the research and writing process.

Step 6: Drafting the Main Body

This should be the most elaborate part of your extended essay because you will concentrate on the research, analysis of the research, discussion, and evaluation.

You should try to retain the flow of step 5 that has steps 1 and 2. This will demonstrate that you understand the concepts of the International Baccalaureate while still addressing your topic using the relevant sources. 

In the first section, for each of the theories, arguments, and topics used to address your topic, include about 4 examples of each to help you answer the research question effectively. Also, address the qualitative tools applied before the quantitative tools.

The second section goes beyond the course to educate your evaluator and/or readers concerning your topic. Explore the related concepts and theories deeply while providing different perspectives on the topic.

Remember that you should be evaluating the findings here. Use analytical insight to further explain your arguments and points of view. Graphs and other forms of data presentation can be used. However, they should apply to the research.

Step 7: Writing the Conclusion

In this step, you should sum up your arguments from all your sections. It is important to stipulate what has been researched and how it has helped answer the research question.

It should be noted that no new information should be added in the conclusion. Mention some limitations of the research and their impact, and the reasons behind such limitations.

Finally, state the thing(s) you can do differently if you were to write another extended essay.

Step 8: Bibliography and Appendices

On a different page or the next page after the conclusion, reference your sources of information using the correct format (APA, MLA, Chicago, or Harvard styles). Always remember to arrange the references from A to Z. Bibliography or references are not part of the word count.

The appendices section showcases the extra work you have done such as transcripts of the interviews conducted, additional analysis, and any other data that you found interesting but did not include in the body of your paper. 

Once you are done with writing, thoroughly proofread your work and correct any grammatical or spelling errors made. Make sure that the work is well formatted with all the sections included.

At the same time, make sure that nothing in your paper is copy-pasted because it will be regarded as plagiarism. Always do this before submitting your extended essay. 

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Best Length of an Extended Essay

While there is no universally agreed minimum word count for an extended essay, you should not write less than 3,000 words. This is because lesser than that will demonstrate that you did not adequately research your topic.

Since the acceptable word limit on the upper side is 4,000 words, always strive to write more than 3,500 words. Unlike other types of essays like a GRE Essay that is short, an extended essay is long in terms of word count.

In other cases, the minimum word count is 1,500 words, and the maximum word count is 4,000 words. It is up to the student to decide what their word count should be. It is important not to go over or under the prescribed word count by more than 10%. The upper limit of 4000 words should be a guideline rather than a firm rule.

Can the extended essay be over 4000 words?

Yes, the extended essay may be up to 4000 words in length. The upper limit is 4,000 words for all extended essays. This upper limit includes the introduction, the body, the conclusion, and any quotations, but does not include:

• the abstract
• the contents page
• acknowledgments
• any diagrams, charts, tables, and graphs
• the bibliography

How Many Pages is an Extended Essay?

4000 words is 8 pages single spaced, and 16 pages double spaced. The number of pages changes depends on the number of words, the font, and the font size. Usually, the extended essay is 4000 words in length, so it is quite a bit longer than your average essay. Double-space, Times New Roman 12 is pretty much universal, in college anyway.

What are the extended essay minimum and maximum word count?

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12 Examples of Extended Essay Topics

• What is the effect of age and gender on the photoreceptor cells in the human retina?
• How is climate change impacting the appearance of coral reefs?
• An evaluation of how antioxidants work in our bodies?
• Is there an association between viewing violence on television and the display of violent acts?
• What motivational climate should a coach employ to achieve optimal performance in athletes?
• How does the X hormone affect human behavior?
• How were women treated differently in the 1920s and 1950s Great Britain?
• What role did economics play in the unification of Germany from 1834 to 1871?
• How does the sugar concentration affect the refractive index of water?
• What factors influence the location of industries in country/city X?
• An investigation into the significance of preserving the quality of water in a continent/country/city?
• What effect does the coating of aspirin tablets have on the hydrolysis of aspirin?

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Frequently Asked Questions

Can you redo an extended essay.

Yes. You can redo an extended essay if you appeal to the relevant institution about the reason(s) why you failed on the first try. You should provide credible and sensible reasons for you to be considered. It is only then that you are granted a retake. 

Can You Fail an Extended Essay?

Yes. You can fail an extended essay if you do not follow the essay’s requirements, instructions, or rubric. 

What Happens if You Fail an Extended Essay?

If you fail an extended essay, you will not graduate with a diploma. Therefore, if you fail, you should request a retake and do your best to write a good extended essay. 

How many points is the extended essay worth?

The Extended Essay is a 4,000-word essay that you write on a topic of your choice. This counts towards your IB Diploma and it’s worth 3 points of your overall score.

The Extended Essay is often the most rewarding part of the IB Diploma. It gives you the chance to study something that you want to learn about in-depth, and it can be on any topic you choose – as long as there’s an expert to supervise it!

Can I publish my extended essay?

You may publish your extended essay. There are some things to consider before you do though: • Check that the subject of your essay is appropriate for publishing. Some subjects, such as science and math, may not be appropriate for publication because of how quickly the field develops. Also, check that your advisor approves of publishing the essay. • Check that you have gotten all the necessary permissions you need before you publish. • Check with your advisor if you have any doubts about these things.

Josh Jasen or JJ as we fondly call him, is a senior academic editor at Grade Bees in charge of the writing department. When not managing complex essays and academic writing tasks, Josh is busy advising students on how to pass assignments. In his spare time, he loves playing football or walking with his dog around the park.

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September 14, 2021

A Definitive Guide to the IB Extended Essay (EE)

The Extended Essay (EE) is an independent, self-directed academic research, presented in the form of a 4,000-word paper. One component of the International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) core, the extended essay is mandatory for all students. The final work is given a grade from E to A, and makes up part of each student’s final IB score. These are our thoughts on how to do well in the EE:

Step 1: Choosing a Extended Essay (EE) topic

Choosing a good topic for your extended essay can make a huge difference on your final score. Firstly, you should always choose a topic that you are interested in! The writing process becomes much more engaging, and will also be good content you can write in your personal statement for your university applications.

Always be creative and original when choosing your research topic. Think about how you can make your research question and the way you communicate your academic research unique. In addition, if you wish to explore a multidisciplinary field , you could consider writing a World Studies extended essay . This research is analysed through at least two disciplines, encouraging students to apply their knowledge to a problem with global significance. For example, you may want to consider the effects of an electric vehicle subsidy on climate change. This is an exciting opportunity and provides a good insight to an interdisciplinary university degree such as PPE.

Step 2: Framing your research question

Once you know your extended essay subject, your next step is to choose a question. Often, questions will be framed as “To what extent does…”. Exploring multiple perspectives, and critically analysing each of these, are key to success. Therefore, try and shape your question so that more than one point of view can be explored.

Similarly, make sure your question is specific ! Having a focused question will guide your research and show that you can explore one area in detail. For example, here are 2 examples of Economics extended essay questions:

• To what extent do smartphone companies compete with each other?
• To what extent do Apple and Samsung operate in a duopoly in the global smartphone market?

The second research question is more focused, allowing for greater in-depth research into which areas they are competing over. You can use secondary data from both companies’ annual reports, competitor websites, and undertake primary research (such as through an Economic survey or personal interview) – Having a research question that allows you to explore a specific area critically will definitely help you to score highly.

Step 3: Meeting your supervisor to establish specific targets

We recommend meeting with your supervisor as early as possible to check whether your research question is appropriate. If it is, this is a great opportunity to explore potential avenues of research. For example, a Physics extended essay on the path of a bowling bowl may look to incorporate several different features, such as force, weight, and air resistance into a model. Whichever subject area you choose, your supervisor is usually your first port of call for any questions you have.

During the meeting, it will be good to establish a timeline for your extended essay. Although this may only be rough, this will give you deadlines to work towards (much like you will need to do for university essays). Similarly, setting specific targets for your next meeting, such as writing an introduction or doing your survey, will also give you definitive targets to meet. Make sure at the end of this meeting you have clear goals to achieve and by your next meeting.

Furthermore, make sure that you are keeping a record of all of your meetings with your extended essay supervisor. 6 of the 36 marks for the EE are from your Reflections on Planning and Progress Form (RPPF) where you reflect on the meetings you have had with your supervisor. These should show that you are engaged with your topic, so discuss the ideas you have considered in response to setbacks whilst writing your extended essay and make sure to use personal pronouns (I, my) to convey your engagement. Detail any changes you made to your research method and demonstrate how you have taken a creative approach to your topic, as these will highlight what you have done to stand out.

Step 4: Starting your EE research

Following the meeting with your supervisor, it is time to begin researching your topic! This does not have to be too detailed to begin with, and we recommend aiming to research enough to write an introduction to your essay. This introduction should outline the main themes you will explore and your line of argument. To reiterate, your main argument may change as your essay develops, so do not worry if it is not perfect when you begin.

Some useful sources of information are your school library or Jstor. Your school librarian may be able to suggest some good books or articles to start reading, whilst using academic sources like Jstor or Google scholar gives you access to a wide range of academic material. When reading books or journal articles, you do not have to read them cover to cover! In fact, you should only read the sections that are relevant to your topic, and reading the introduction and conclusion will often tell you whether a journal article is relevant.

When reading, consistently keep in mind your essay title as this will help you to focus your reading on key sections of texts. For instance, highlight the key sections of the texts to review later. Alternatively, you could make notes in a separate word document; such as Googledocs; or with pen and paper. It is useful to keep everything you do in the same format, however, so you can easily collate it.

Step 5: Writing the essay’s first draft

The most difficult part with the EE is getting the first draft down. Many students struggle o to write the perfect introduction and methodology, and get stuck for weeks in the process. Your introduction and first draft do not have to be perfect but should form the base of your essay moving forward. It is often good to form a plan from your research that contains the key elements of each paragraph. Once you are confident with this and have filled it in with more research, you can turn this into a fully operational first draft.

We recommend breaking down the writing stage into several paragraphs, setting yourself mini-goals to achieve. This will help you to move along faster and make the seemingly daunting task of a 4,000-word essay a lot simpler. Similarly, you should use the research you have to support your ideas. Your research might consist of facts to back up your analysis or other writers’ opinions that agree with your own. Furthermore, you can also use this research to explore multiple points of view, coming to a conclusion as to which one is most appropriate. However, save yourself time whilst doing this by including links to the original article, rather than full references, as it is likely you may change the content of your essay and the references you use as you progress.

Make sure you save your extended essay frequently and to an accessible platform such Dropbox or Google Drive so that if your computer were to crash your progress will be stored!

Step 6: Reviewing your first draft

Your aim when meeting with your supervisor this time is to look over your first draft to see which parts are excellent, which can be explored further and which need to be rethought. This can be split into a number of meetings; for example, I looked at my introduction, then at the 4 sections of my main body, and finally at my conclusion. This reshaped the goals that I had moving forward and gave me specific subsections to work on.

Whilst editing your first draft, do not be afraid to delete, reword or move some parts that you have written, as this will help you shape your extended essay into the finished article. You can, if needed, even slightly alter your question. I changed my question at the start of April, with a June deadline for my essay. However, changing my essay question did not leave me with a whole new essay to write, as I was able to use most of what I had already written, adapting it to focus on the new question. Whatever changes you have to make, they are all moving you towards a complete final version, so stay positive!

Step 7: Refining your Extended Essay

After your meeting, review the changes you have to make to your methodology and research process. You should consider whether you have critically investigated the variables in your RQ and whether it is backed up by a solid methodology. For instance, are there any counter arguments you have not considered? Does your research process flow? Always draw links to each paragraph, so that your essay has a logical flow from its introduction to its argument, counter arguments, responses, and conclusion.

When researching areas in more detail, make use of what you have learnt from your current research. For instance, look at the suggested reading or references in books that you have read or look at articles from the same journal. Furthermore, stay up to date with the news in case you can include new research in your extended essay.

When editing, it is useful to save a new copy of your extended essay (for example, EE draft 2) so that you can track any changes that you make. Also, if anything were to happen to your new copy, you always have the previous copy and notes from the meeting to re-do any changes. We recommend doing this on Googledocs whether changes are saved real-time on the servers so you don’t lose precious work if your computer crashes.

Step 8: Final Notes

Once you are done with your initial drafts, ensure that you have professional presentation, consistent formatting, and proper citations. Make sure that you have included page numbers and a bibliography (if required). Additionally, make the layout justified, font and size, as well as double spaced as per IB requirements. You have to include a cover page with a title, your research question, word count and subject. You also have to meet your supervisor the final time to fill out your viva voce (oral) section of the RPPF before the final submission.

Step 9: Final Submission

When submitting your extended essay, ensure that your name, candidate number and your school’s name are not on the document. This will ensure that your EE is marked fairly without prejudice. Your EE is electronically stamped and the IB can track who it belongs to, as is your RPPF.

We wish you the best of luck with your extended essay and hope you enjoy the process. If you would like help with your extended essay, please take a look at our courses or contact us for more information. We also offer IB tuition for various subjects and University applications mentoring and are more than happy to tailor our classes to your needs and requirements!

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The Extended Essay Step by Step Guide 5: Structure and Planning

When it comes to writing a brilliant first draft of your Extended Essay, or any essay, I fully believe that a solid structure is one of the surest guarantees of success there is. It’s the skeleton of the essay that makes it into a fully formed being instead of a pile of jelly. And the best way to make sure you have a skeleton instead of just gelatine (is that a rhyme?) is to create a plan or outline.

We’ve talked about how to choose a topic , go about your research , and pin down a research question. So now we’re going to address how you can take all of that work and turn it into a concrete plan. It’s all about organising your ideas so that they are as clear as possible. After you’ve done this, writing the essay will be about simply filling in the gaps!

Preparing to construct your Extended Essay Outline

Know your destination.

Although your research question should already suggest what you are aiming to achieve in the essay, your conclusion needs to take this a step further. It can’t just be the same as your introduction but in different words (as tempting as that option is!). Everything in your essay should take the reader on a journey to this conclusion. It should help progress your argument so that we get closer with every paragraph.

If you’re now realising that you don’t know your destination, take the time to figure this out before you start writing. The results of a Science experiment will make it pretty obvious, but even in more subjective subjects such as English, History and World Studies you need to decide what conclusion your research points towards.

My advice to you, if you simply aren’t sure, is to follow your instincts. Think about how your evidence has affected what you personally think about the topic. Chances are it will have convinced you of something. For a reminder of different types of essay conclusions, there are some useful summaries in this article.

Define your ideas

Take a moment to free your mind from all the details, facts, quotes and data. Go back to the essence of your essay, which is the argument you are trying to make. Without using your research to speak for itself, identify all the different ideas you want to include, and the things you want to say.

For example, you might have evidence that Virginia Woolf uses imagery of flowers frequently throughout Mrs Dalloway , but what does this actually mean in the context of your question? The idea behind it might relate more to her affinity with nature, or the parallels she draws between flowers and people.

Exercise 2: write down all the ideas you want to include in your essay. Don’t worry about an order yet. Focus instead of getting all of your ‘points’ written down somewhere. Not only is this likely to help your organise your thoughts, but it will also mean you can refer back to it later to make sure you haven’t forgotten one of your favourite ideas! This can take the form of a mind map, a list, a Word Doc. Do whatever feels easiest, because chances are this is what will help your ideas flow naturally.

Filter your evidence

I can 99% guarantee you that you won’t be able to use all the research you have done. A lot of it will be:

• Irrelevant to the question
• Repetition of what you already have
• Not quite right for your line of argument

THEREFORE it is important that you filter your evidence so that you only have the best examples and information.

Use your research question as your starting point and your conclusion sentence (the one you wrote earlier) as the end point. It is your job to make sure that every piece of research is part of a bridge between the two. Absolutely every quote, fact or piece of data that you include should actively answer your question. If it doesn’t, don’t include it.

Exercise 3: First, highlight the clearest, most informative research that you have gathered. Next, take all of these pieces of research, and write a short, one-sentence summary next to each one, describing how it relates to your question. Use your own words. You will hopefully start finding that they are backing up some of the points you know you want to include.

Constructing your Extended Essay Outline

There are different techniques you can use to structure an essay. Because the Extended Essay is much longer than what most of you will be used to, I strongly recommend using a particular technique or process to do this. Below are some examples, and you should do whatever works best for you.

The Bullet-Point Outline:

You know this one. It’s the most classic example of how to structure an essay and the one most of you have probably tried before. The trick with this one is to start small and expand outwards afterwards.

• Summarise each paragraph into one line that defines the idea or sub-topic behind it.
• Evidence, data or a quote
• How the example relates to the idea you are trying to convey
• Expand your paragraph bullet points by adding in other ideas or points that are directly relevant to the overall idea behind it

The Post-it Note Outline:

I’m defining this as anything that involves you breaking down your paragraphs into defined pieces. Post-it notes, cards, and scraps of paper are the most common examples. This option is brilliant if you struggle coming up with an order for your ideas straight away. Instead it lets you play around with all the different parts of your essay as you go, until you have put them in the best possible order.

If you like the idea of this process but can’t stand the idea of lots of physical pieces of paper, there are some apps that perform a similar function such as Gingko or Evernote .

The Spreadsheet Outline:

For the structure nuts among you. The beauty of this is that it lets you easily compare paragraphs in terms of length and content by breaking each one down into clear sections. You can choose how exactly you format it, but it might look like this:

As with the post-it version it is super easy to use this method to change the order of your paragraphs. You can also tailor the columns depending on what categories are most relevant to you. If you want to go a step further you can even colour code your sheet, for example according to 1st hand data or 2nd hand data, or close analysis and thematic analysis.

The key is to have a view of the bigger picture of your essay. How you go about it is up to you!

Read Part 6 – How to write it!

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Example essays

The International Baccalaureate® (IB)  programme resource centre,  a key resource for educators at IB World Schools, includes several examples of  extended essay titles .

These highlight the diverse range of topics covered by International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) students during their extended essays.

Some examples are:

• “An analysis of costume as a source for understanding the inner life of the character”
• “A study of malnourished children in Indonesia and the extent of their recovery after a period of supervised improved nutrition.”
• “Doing  versus  being: language and reality in the Mimamsa school of Indian philosophy.” 
• “The effects of sugar-free chewing gum on the pH of saliva in the mouth after a meal.”
• “To what extent has the fall in the exchange rate of the US dollar affected the tourist industry in Carmel, California?”
•  “What level of data compression in music files is acceptable to the human ear?”

Also available in the programma resource centre , the Diploma Programme Assessment Procedures has guidance on choosing a subject for the extended essay.

The PRC is only available to existing IB World Schools.

You can also purchase examples of essays in the IB Store . These essays fulfil the requirements for an ‘A’ grade in the extended essay.

If your school is not one already, learn how to become an IB World School  in order to implement the DP.

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The Do’s and Don’ts of Extended Essay (EE)

The Extended Essay (EE) is an exhilarating yet challenging journey that every IB student embarks upon during the diploma. It is a culmination of years of hard work and dedication, an opportunity to delve into a subject you are passionate about, and a chance to demonstrate your research and writing skills. However, the path to completing an outstanding EE can be strewn with obstacles and pitfalls. Drawing from personal experience, I will share some valuable do’s and don’ts to guide you through your Extended Essay journey.

Do’s:

Utilize your supervisor.

 One of the greatest resources at your disposal is your EE supervisor. Regularly communicate with them, seek their guidance, and ask questions when you are unsure. A good rapport with your supervisor can make a significant difference in your EE experience.

Advocate for Yourself

If, like me, you find yourself shuffled through supervisors or encounter issues with your assigned supervisor, don’t hesitate to advocate for yourself. Request a change if necessary and ensure you have a supervisor who understands and supports your research goals.

Start Early

Procrastination is a common pitfall in the EE process. Start your research and writing as early as possible. A well-structured timeline can help you manage your time effectively and reduce last-minute stress. Starting your EE journey with research rather than writing will allow you to understand the implications of your question and your writing process will be a lot smoother. Then the summer holiday between Y1 and Y2 of IB is the best time to get ahead in writing your EE, even if you only do a little, it’s still going to make the whole process during Y2 so much easier.

Choose Your Passion

 Select a topic that genuinely excites you. Your EE is a substantial research project, and your passion for the subject matter will keep you motivated throughout the process. Plus, it will reflect in the quality of your work. This can also help in choosing a future area of study after the IB – who knows, maybe you could be on your way to a PhD in your EE area in the future.

Reading Widely

When researching, it’s beneficial to engage in a wide variety of sources. When you’re researching make sure to read all perspectives on your matter, from the journal articles to documents, to news articles, and even people’s personal anecdotes. While you may not use all of these, you do need to get every countless perspective on an issue to make informed interpretations and back up your claims. This wide-range of research and engagement with your topic also makes you develop a deeper passion and brings fun to the process.

Draft and Redraft

 Writing is a process that often requires multiple drafts. Don’t expect your first draft to be perfect. Edit and revise your work diligently, and seek feedback from peers and teachers to refine your essay.

Cite Sources Properly

Adhere to proper citation and referencing styles (such as MLA, APA, or Chicago). Plagiarism is a serious academic offense, and citing sources correctly is crucial to maintaining academic integrity. What is strongly advised by many IB schools is that the percentage of integrity – or TurnItIn score – should be under 20%, so citing and referencing is vital in all IB assignments.

Don’ts

Procrastinate.

As mentioned earlier, procrastination can be your worst enemy. Avoid putting off your EE tasks until the last minute. This can lead to rushed research, lower-quality work, and unnecessary stress.

Choose a Topic Solely for Its Ease

 While it’s important to choose a subject you are passionate about, avoid selecting a topic solely because you think it will be easy. EE is about challenging yourself and exploring your academic boundaries.

Overcomplicate Your Topic

 On the other hand, don’t choose a topic that is overly complex or beyond your current knowledge level. Striking the right balance between challenge and feasibility is essential.

Ignore feedback

When you receive feedback from your supervisor or peers, don’t dismiss it. Feedback is a valuable tool for improvement. Embrace constructive criticism and use it to refine your EE.

Neglect your Reflections

 Your 3 reflections are worth 6 marks, which is a lot in terms of EE. If you know that you might forget to complete them, or won’t remember things to put in them, keep a document while you’re on your EE journey to keep track of all problems, solutions and lessons you’ve learnt – this will help you synthesize great reflections and help your future self.

The IB Extended Essay is a rigorous and rewarding endeavor that can shape your academic and personal growth. By following these do’s and don’ts, you can navigate the challenges and make the most of this unique opportunity. Remember to harness your passion, seek guidance from your supervisor, and start early to ensure a successful Extended Essay journey. Embrace the process, and you’ll emerge with not only a valuable piece of research but also a sense of accomplishment that will stay with you long after your IB days are over.

You may also like…

• Regina’s guide to citing (MLA formatting)
• Christina’s tips on working with your EE supervisor

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How Long Is An IB Extended Essay? Let’s Find Out

by  Antony W

October 28, 2023

Your IB Extended Essay should be 4,000 words long as the upper limit. Because it's an independent, self-directed, and mandatory piece of research with a rigid structure, the essay you write shouldn’t exceed this limit.

Key Takeaways  

• Your essay should demonstrate a higher level of confidence, engagement, and critical thinking.
• The essay should also show a high level of curiosity and the ability to think and solve complex problems. 
• In addition to the Extended Essay , you will work on IAs, ToK, and a CAS project.

So you need professional writing to  complete your EE from start to finish? You can hire Help for Assessment because our writing service is legit and we guarantee the best results. 

What’s the Typical Length of an Extended Essay?

An extended essay should not be more than 4,000 words long. IB advises instructors never to read any more words past the set limit.

And exceeding the 4,000-word mark can actually get you penalized.

Your first draft can be as long as 6,000 words or maybe even more. When working on your final copy, you’ll often find yourself deleting some sections of your paper to maintain relevance and clarity.

And as you do that, you have to keep in mind that your work should be 4,000 words long.

To be abundantly clear, IB hasn’t set an actual minimum word count for the project yet, but that’s not an excuse to make your work shorter.

We suggest aiming for at least 3,000 or 3,500 words, as that gives you more room to fully investigate your topic and present your findings.

What Should I Write in an Extended Essay?

Your EE can be about anything provided it’s within the limits of the approved categories of subjects.

Ideally, your IB instructor and supervisor expects to see an essay on any of the six subjects, which are Biology, Chemistry, English , Geography, Math, and Visual Arts.

Our guide on choosing EE topics makes it easier for students to determine what topics to explore within these limits.

The guide also includes links to example topics. So check it out if you need more insights and help in identifying a suitable topic to explore.

Given that you have the freedom to choose any topic provided it matches one of the six subjects, it shouldn’t be difficult to work on your EE from start to finish.

Some Tips to Make Your Extended Essay Great

While the IB program gives you the freedom to write on any topic that falls within the scope of the accepted subjects, it’s important to understand that there are mistakes they don’t expect you to make.

You want to score top grades for your EE, no question about that. To do so, you need to make sure you adhere to the following rules:

1. Never Plagiarize Any Part of Your EE 

There’s nothing worse in IB than plagiarized piece of work . To IB teachers, plagiarism is an indication that you didn’t take your work seriously and therefore failed to invest time to do original research.

Taking a piece of written work in bulk and using it as your own without citing or quoting the author is wrong and can easily have you penalized.

Really the best way to avoid plagiarism is to avoid falling for the assumption that you can easily get away with it.

You have to invest your time and effort to research, outline, organize, and put down your ideas in a way that demonstrate absolute commitment to the assignment.

There are times when you can’t avoid but to include some texts in your work exactly as they are.

In this case, make sure you cite or quote the author as a clear indication that you found the source helpful and good fit for your extended essay.

2. Start Your EE Early 

Procrastination is a big problem for many IB students. Unfortunately, it’s the reason why many students fail to score a 34 in an EE.

Remember, the EE is a long-term project that goes beyond just writing down the words to hit the target limit.

From research and outlining to writing and holding reflection sessions, you need more than just a couple of weeks to complete the project. 

So you should start as early as you can. Even if you feel like your topic is easy to explore, consider getting started months before the first or second reflection session so you can stay on track.

3. Hold All the Three Meetings with Your Supervisor

Your supervisor will be an important support system throughout the EE period. So you shouldn’t hesitate to ask for help if you feel stuck or unsure about something.

Understand that the reflection process counts towards the final marks of your EE. Therefore, it’s important that you attend all the three meetings with your supervisor.

Confusions might arise somewhere along the way as you work on your extended essay, and that’s okay.

The best thing to do in such a case is to ask your teacher for help as soon as you can.

As you can see, an extended essay has a maximum word count that your paper simply can’t exceed. Keep in mind that 4,000 words is the set limit, not where you should get to.

That means it’s fine if your essay is less than 4,000 words, but you should try to make it 3,000 or 3,500 words for more clarity at least.

That way, your teacher will have an easy time reading and understanding your EE subject and then award you the best marks possible. 

About the author 

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

• [email protected]

• How Long Does It Take to Write an IB Extended Essay?

Table of Contents

An International Baccalaureate extended essay is an in-depth research paper written on a specific topic. It is a requirement for any student who wishes to achieve a full IB diploma and it is designed to give students the opportunity to showcase their skills, knowledge and understanding of a particular topic.

The IB extended essay serves many purposes and its importance cannot be overemphasized. Firstly, it allows students to demonstrate their analytical and critical thinking skills, which will be useful for university courses and beyond. Secondly, it helps to develop the student’s ability to conduct independent research, evaluate different sources and draw conclusions from their findings. Finally, it teaches students how to organize and present data in a concise and persuasive manner.

Writing an IB extended essay requires careful planning and dedication. It is important to choose a topic that interests you and makes sure you have access to quality sources of information. You should also make sure to budget your time and break the task down into manageable chunks, as this will help you stay focused and finish the extended essay within the allocated timeframe.

Planning and Scheduling for the Extended Essay

The IB Extended Essay is no small task. It requires a lot of dedication, research and understanding. The most successful essays are those that are well-planned and organized. As such, it is important to plan ahead: determine what type of essay you will write, select an interesting and compelling topic, and set a timeline to complete the essay.

Start by creating a timeline. Estimate how much time you need to research, write and revise your essay. Be sure to factor in extra time in case of any unexpected delays. Once you have the timeline in place, break your tasks into manageable chunks. For instance, schedule a certain amount of hours over a few days to conduct research and another couple of days to draft the essay. This will help you manage your workload, allowing you to stay on track with your writing.

In addition to planning and scheduling, it is also important to organise your resources. As you are conducting research for your essay, make sure to save reliable sources and keep track of important quotes and information. This will save time when writing, as you will have all the necessary resources readily available.

Remember, planning and organizing are essential when undertaking the Extended Essay. Taking the time to plan will ensure that you make the best use of your resources and ultimately allow you to submit a well-crafted essay.

Topic Selection

Choosing an interesting topic for your extended essay is extremely important. It will form the basis of your research and set the tone for your writing. You want to pick a topic which is both relevant to your field of study but also captures your imagination. A boring topic can make it difficult to stay motivated and remain focused when tackling the work!

Here are some strategies to help you identify an appropriate topic for your IB Extended Essay:

• Consult with your tutor: Your teacher can help guide you to potential topics and advise you on whether the topic is suitable and achievable.
• Do your own research: Read through academic journals, magazines, newspapers etc. and familiarise yourself with current debates and issues in your area. Compare the different ideas, theories and perspectives to help narrow down your topic.
• Brainstorm questions: Think of questions related to the subject that intrigue you. Can you think of any interesting angles or arguments to explore?
• Find inspiration: Take a look at other sample essays and see if there’s something that takes your fancy. What other topics have been previously written about?

When you have decided on a few possible ideas, create a project timeline that outlines the key steps and deadlines you need to meet in order to successfully complete your Extended Essay. This should help you to remain focused and motivated throughout the assignment.

Research & Referencing

To complete the extended essay, you will need to demonstrate a deep understanding of your topic. This means you will need to conduct research and use that information to support your opinions in the essay.

When researching for the essay, it is important to use reliable and current sources. Good resources of information can come from online articles, published journals and books, interviews, and documentaries. It is essential to be mindful of the websites you use, as some may not be reliable and undermined the credibility of your work.

Once you have gathered your sources, you must reference them appropriately within the essay. To do this, you should provide an in-text citation for every piece of evidence you incorporate into the essay. This will help to give credit to the original author, as well as demonstrate that you have done extensive research.

In-text citations are usually placed at the end of a sentence, before the punctuation. The exact format of the citations is normally determined by the referencing style chosen, such as Harvard or APA. As well as including in-text citations, you must also provide a full list of the works you have cited. This could be in the form of a bibliography or a reference page, depending on the referencing style you choose.

Researching and referencing correctly is a vital part of writing the extended essay. By utilising reliable sources, referencing correctly and citing all evidence used, you will be able to confidently demonstrate your knowledge of the topic, helping to increase the chances of achieving a higher grade.

Drafting and Rewriting

Completing the IB Extended Essay task involves drafting and rewriting to develop your ideas into a full-length essay. This section provides advice on how to approach this part of the process.

Before starting to draft your essay, consider what kind of evidence will be needed to support your argument. You need to reference your sources accurately, so start gathering different forms of evidence from reliable sources. Do not forget to make notes as you go so you can refer back to them.

Start to draft your essay by outlining the key points of your argument and decide how you want to present them. Ensure your sections are well connected, and focus on making sure each of your points is clearly expressed. Once your draft is complete, check that all the evidence you have used supports your claims. Read through your work and decide if any particular sections need more development or restatement.

Rewriting allows you to modify and improve the content of your essay. Begin by refining the structure and language of your essay. Make sure you use accurate grammar and spelling throughout. Evaluate which sections need further augmentation or changes and focus on fine-tuning the tone and overall readability of your essay.

Set yourself deadlines to ensure you are able to submit your essay within the allocated time frame. When revising your essay, take into consideration how lengthy it should be and if there are any limitations imposed on the topic. Remember to limit the number of drafts you make during the rewriting stage – if it’s taking too long, try to move on or ask for further guidance.

By taking the time to draft and rewrite your essay before submission, you can be confident that you have presented your argument in an accurate and engaging way.

Proofreading & Editing Your Extended Essay

Proofreading and editing your extended essay is a crucial step before its submission. This process can help you to ensure that your essay is accurate and of high quality. With proofreading and editing, you can make sure that your essay is free of errors, clear, consistent and well-structured.

When proofreading and editing your extended essay, it is important to pay attention to the following elements:

• Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling: Ensure that your essay does not contain any grammar, punctuation or spelling mistakes. These mistakes may be distracting for readers and hence, should be avoided.
• Structure and Formatting: Check that your essay is logically organized, with a clear introduction, body and conclusion. Also, ensure that the format of the essay is consistent and that in-text citations and end-notes are correctly used.
• Language: Make sure that the language used in your essay is appropriate and of good quality. Avoid using informal language, slang and colloquialisms.
• Content: Read your essay carefully to make sure that the content is accurate and that all relevant points are addressed. Check that your argument is clear, organized and logical.
• Clarity: Lastly, after you have edited for accuracy, read your essay aloud and check for clarity. Make sure that your essay communicates its message in a clear and concise manner.

By undertaking these steps, you can improve the accuracy and readability of your extended essay, paving the way for successful submission.

Time Management: How Long Should it Take?

Writing the International Baccalaureate (IB) Extended Essay is a challenge for any student, but with effective time management strategies, the task can be completed successfully. It’s important to understand that there is no one-size-fits-all answer as to how long it should take to write an IB Extended Essay because the amount of time needed will vary depending on your topic and the amount of research required. However, there are some things you can do to help manage your time effectively.

Break Up The Task Into Manageable Chunks

By breaking the task into smaller steps, you are more likely to complete it in the allotted time. Start by researching the topic and forming your argument. Develop an outline of the essay structure and assign yourself appropriate deadlines to complete each section. Make sure to give yourself enough time to properly revise and proofread your work.

Set Goals & Hold Yourself Accountable

Setting goals and tracking your progress is essential for success. Identify what needs to be done each day, then break it down into smaller, achievable tasks. Plan ahead and create accountability checkpoints to ensure you don’t fall behind schedule. If necessary, ask family and/or friends to regularly check in on your progress.

Take Breaks & Reward Yourself

Working towards a large goal such as the IB Extended Essay can be daunting. Don’t forget to take periodic breaks throughout the process and reward yourself for milestones achieved. Whether you choose to treat yourself to a snack, watch an episode of a favorite show, or take a walk around the block, taking a break can help reset your focus and make it easier to get back to work when you return.

Review & Submission

Once you have written and revised the essay, it’s time to review it and get it ready for submission. Reviewing your essay is an important step as it allows you to ensure that your ideas are effectively expressed and that your work is free from any errors. To do this you should read through the essay multiple times, checking for any content that needs to be added, removed or revised.

Start by reading the essay aloud, as this will help you catch any mistakes that your eyes may have missed on the page. You can then use a spellchecker such as Grammarly or Microsoft Word to check for any typos, structural errors or punctuation mistakes. It is also a good idea to get another person to read through the essay if possible, as they may pick up on things that you didn’t notice. Ensure that all of your points are stated clearly and that there is evidence to back them up.

Once you have reviewed and revised the essay, it’s time to submit it. Before doing this, make sure that you have followed the formatting requirements, including any specified font/text size, line spacing and margins. Additionally, ensure that you have correctly referenced any sources used. Finally, once you have checked everything is in order, submit your essay via the relevant online submission system.

By following these steps, you can be sure that you are submitting a finished, high-quality Extended Essay that meets all of the requirements. Good luck!

Conclusion: Key Points for Completing an IB Extended Essay

The International Baccalaureate (IB) Extended Essay is an opportunity to demonstrate research, analysis and writing skills in the student’s subject of choice. Writing the Extended Essay can be challenging, but it doesn’t have to be overwhelming. This guide has provided a comprehensive overview for students to create and submit their Extended Essay with not only the best quality, but in good time.

The key steps to follow include:

• Introduce: outline what the extended essay is and why it is important.
• Plan: devise a schedule and plan to complete the task.
• Topic: select an interesting, suitable and relevant essay topic.
• Research & Reference: look for reliable sources of information and correctly reference.
• Structure: break down the essay into manageable parts and develop a strong argument.
• Draft: write a rough draft and make revisions accordingly.
• Proofread & Edit: revise the written work for accuracy and readability.
• Time Management: set aside a realistic timeline to complete each step.
• Review & Submit: review the finished essay and submit it according to the guidelines.

By following the steps outlined in this guide, students will have the knowledge to write an engaging, effective and efficient International Baccalaureate Extended Essay.

The appendix of your IB Extended Essay guide should include two components: sample essay outlines and examples of different referencing styles. Including these items in your guide can help to ensure that your readers are fully prepared to complete their Extended Essay with confidence.

Sample essay outlines should provide guidance on how to structure the essay and help readers to plan their arguments and flow of information. Each essay outline should consist of a title, introduction, main body, conclusion, and list of references. The introduction should explain the essay topic and the main argument, followed by the main body which should have distinct sections that introduce different aspects or opinions about the topic. The essay should end with a concise conclusion and a comprehensive list of references.

Examples of different referencing styles should include MLA, APA, Chicago and Harvard formats. These can be used as a visual aid to help readers understand the different referencing styles clearly. It is important to note that each style has its own set of rules which must be followed in order for the essay to be correctly referenced.

Having sample essay outlines and examples of different referencing styles will help to make the process of completing an IB Extended Essay much easier. Including these two components in your guide is an essential part of providing your readers with all the necessary information they need to complete their Extended Essay successfully.

• Last Edit 15 AUG 2023

Nick Radlinsky

Nick Radlinsky is a devoted educator, marketing specialist, and management expert with more than 15 years of experience in the education sector. After obtaining his business degree in 2016, Nick embarked on a quest to achieve his PhD, driven by his commitment to enhancing education for students worldwide. His vast experience, starting in 2008, has established him as a reputable authority in the field.

Nick's article, featured in Routledge's " Entrepreneurship in Central and Eastern Europe: Development through Internationalization ," highlights his sharp insights and unwavering dedication to advancing the educational landscape. Inspired by his personal motto, "Make education better," Nick's mission is to streamline students' lives and foster efficient learning. His inventive ideas and leadership have contributed to the transformation of numerous educational experiences, distinguishing him as a true innovator in his field.

📚🔍 Explore a Wide Range of IB Extended Essay Topics! 🔍📚

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The IB IA rubric is carefully structured to assess students’ understanding, skills and application of subject matter in a nuanced and comprehensive manner. Each subject rubric, whether for sciences such as Biology and Chemistry, humanities such as History and Psychology, or Mathematics, emphasizes a unique set of criteria tailored to assess specific competencies and skills.

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International Baccalaureate/Extended Essay Tips

• 1.1 Recommendations
• 1.2.1.1 Essay Competitions
• 1.3.1 Citing Sources
• 1.3.2 Organization
• 1.3.3 IBO Official Guide

Introduction and Getting Started!

Start Working NOW!

The Extended Essay (EE) is one of the requirements of the IB Diploma Programme. It provides students with an opportunity to conduct independent research on a topic of interest to them. It is written on a freely-chosen topic as long as there is a subject teacher in school, as the candidate must have a subject supervisor.

Recommendations

The IBO recommends that candidates spend approximately 40 hours in total on their extended essays, and if you put it off until that last weekend, your work won't be nearly as good as it can be. Talk to your IB school supervisor, as it is his or her job to set internal school deadlines (i.e. choosing a topic, formulating an outline, rough draft, final draft, etc).

Getting Started

• Firstly, find a topic you're actually interested in, or you'll never work on it.
• Don't stress. After doing all your research 4,000 words is nothing (your first draft could be 6,000-8,000 words). While the Extended Essay has the potential to make you hate your own topic (as many academic assignments do), an interest in the topic can motivate you to pull through in the end.
• Many students are appalled at the sheer number of words that this task requires. But by following the guidelines set out for you, you'll quickly realize how hard pressed you will be to contain your work to the limit.
• Make sure that your focus is somewhat specific, or that you have a specific topic in mind (instead of just a general subject area).
• Example : Your final essay title should be somewhat similar to the style used in the Internal Assessments for the 20th Century World Issues course - specific and focused with some form of cause and effect. Check the official Extended Essay guidelines for more on this - it offers sample essay titles (along with title choosing advice and essay titles to avoid) for each subject area.
• If the above example does not apply to you, perhaps ask your IB Coordinator for examples from students past. Many of them keep a record of every essay, mainly to ensure there is no plagiarism.
• Make sure you stay on top of the work.
• Look over the guidelines and the explanations.

To get a diploma, you need to complete the TOK Essay and the Extended Essay. At best, you can achieve 3 bonus points towards your IB diploma, so don't ignore your schoolwork, as your courses are worth much more. The point matrix is outlined in the "Diploma Points Matrix for the Extended Essay and TOK" grid in the IBO form. You can still get your diploma if you get a "Mediocre" on one and an "Elementary" on another. NOTE: As of May 2010, an 'Elementary' on both TOK and Extended essay is an automatic fail, but you may still pass with an 'Elementary' on either one, just not both. An 'Elementary' on either is a so called 'failing condition' which requires a minimum 28 points rather than the usual 24 to obtain your diploma.

However, you can make a very good essay, provided you allot yourself enough time to write about something you are interested in. The IBO knows that you are between 16 and 18 years old and thus does not require a perfect essay or a groundbreaking new discovery. They just want to see that you can work on and complete a big project.

Picking a Topic

You'll want to write about a topic or subject you're fairly familiar with. For instance, if you've nailed the process of writing labs, do a science investigation. It'll be just like a big lab write-up, and writing the method, materials, qualitative/quantitative observations are all part of the word count, and take up a significant amount of words.

Essay Competitions

Find out if there are competitions or scholarship opportunities in which you can enter your essay. Why not kill two birds with one stone and head off to university with a scholarship? If you don't win, at least you'll get feedback, something the IBO neglects to give.

Writing a Good Extended Essay

Everyone wants to write a good Extended Essay, but just remember that it's really not as overwhelming as it sounds. Some candidates will find their first drafts are in the 6,000 to 8,000 range, while others will reach about 2800-3500. In fact, keep in mind that 4,000 words is the maximum word count and not where you must get to. While most essays have a word count in the 3,900 range, it is perfectly acceptable to submit an essay that is 3,500 words. While there is no actual minimum word count, you would probably want to write over 3,000 words, since a short essay might imply that the topic was not investigated thoroughly enough. However, some topics - mathematics among them - may require only 2,000 words to fully investigate them.

Citing Sources

Keep legible, consistent and accurate notes that include bibliographic information. There's nothing more annoying than browsing through a 1200 page book looking for where that key quotation came from. Cite your sources in a consistent manner (either in MLA or APA format, or some other recognized format). IBO is very strict with plagiarism, so remember that the text has to be your own and do not forget to make references. You will have to sign an IBO form certifying that your EE is your own, and has no unsourced material in it, before they will even read your essay. Failure to submit an Extended Essay will result in no diploma being awarded.

Use the internet to find information but do include books in your research especially if your essay is not on the Sciences. Be skeptical in your use of the internet. Anyone can post anything, so read with a critical eye. Generally, university and academic websites are good sources to refer to. News sources are generally reliable, but be sure to stay away from "gossip" media which often contorts the truth.

Keep in mind that a general guide line used in many schools is 5 sources minimum for the IA in History, so if you are doing a History paper aim to have as close to ten sources as possible if not more for the EE.

Organization

Once you have researched your topic, you should spend a lot of time structuring and organizing your essay. Make sure your essay has a clear introduction, research question/focus (i.e. what you will be investigating), body, and conclusion. A poorly organized or unclear essay will hurt the assessment of your essay. You should also spend some time making sure that your 300-word abstract is clear and succinct in summarizing your essay. An unclear abstract will make your essay difficult to understand and will also hurt the assessment of your essay.

Although this is stated in the "General Requirements" for the Extended Essay, I feel it is necessary to repeat: if you are doing a paper in a subject not offered at your school, be very careful , especially if doing your paper in World Religions. You might want to either reconsider your choice of topic, or make sure you have several people with good credibility in that topic reading your paper. If you don't, especially in World Religions, you could end up offending your reader, and I promise you, you do not want to do that.

You can do your extended essay on any topic for which an IB class exists - i.e. something like Islamic History, which only about 100 candidates a year write about. However, you cannot do your extended essay in Theory of Knowledge, most pilot subjects and school-based syllabus subjects (check with your IB coordinator). Bear in mind that getting a good score in your extended essay, combined with your score for your Theory of Knowledge essay, may reward you with up to 3 bonus points. So aim high!

IBO Official Guide

The IBO's official guide to writing the Extended Essay can be found here: http://xmltwo.ibo.org/publications/DP/Group0/d_0_eeyyy_gui_1012_1/html/production-app3.ibo.org/publication/258/part/1/chapter/1.html

The above site is quite useful in perusing tips and hints for writing the essay, in addition to viewing the IBO standards for the essay. Note that the above link is for consideration purposes only.

"three: The Ultimate Student's Guide to Acing the Extended Essay and Theory of Knowledge" by Alexander Zouev - a book full of tips and time savers for IB EE.

• Book:International Baccalaureate

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Extended Essay Guide: The Conclusion

• Purpose of Guide
• Writing Your Research Question
• Finding Resources
• Research Plan Ouline
• Drafting Your Paper
• The Introduction
• The Conclusion
• Citations/Bibliography
• Proofreading Your Paper
• IB Assessment Criteria/Subject Specific Guides/Exemplars/Etc

Extended Essay Conclusion

A conclusion is not merely a summary of the main topics covered or a re-statement of your research question, but a synthesis of key points and, if applicable, where you recommend new areas for future research. For most essays, one well-developed paragraph is sufficient for a conclusion, although in some cases, a two or three paragraph conclusion may be required.

• A Brief Guide to Writing an EE Conclusion

Checklist for the Conclusion

Another writing tip.

New Insight, Not New Information!

Don't surprise the reader with n ew information in your conclusion that was never referenced anywhere else in the paper. If you have new information to present, add it to the discussion or other appropriate section of the paper. Note that, although no actual new information is introduced, the conclusion is where you offer your most "original" contributions in the paper; it's where you describe the value of your research, demonstrate that you understand the material that you’ve presented, and l ocate your findings within the larger context of scholarship on the topic, including describing how your research contributes new insights or value to that scholarship.

Conclusions . The Writing Center. University of North Carolina.

Twelve Steps to Writing an Effective Conclusion . 

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• Last Updated: Nov 15, 2016 1:55 PM
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How Long is Extended Essay? Minimum and Maximum Word Count

Table of contents.

Welcome! This article will dive into the world of extended essays, exploring the most important aspects like minimum and maximum word count.

To start things off, let’s define what an extended essay is. An extended essay is a type of academic writing assignment that requires a student to research and write about a specific topic . They are typically longer than traditional essays, allowing for more in-depth research and analysis.

Furthermore, extended essays are usually part of university applications or part of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program. The purpose of such assignments is to assess the student’s ability to think critically and apply the knowledge and skills gained from their studies.

Now that you have an idea of what an extended essay is, let’s move on to the actual topic of this article: the length of an extended essay. This is an important factor in writing an extended essay since it determines the scope of research and analysis that needs to be done. In this article, we’ll discuss the general length of an extended essay, any variations as well as the minimum and maximum word count.

By the end of this article, you should be able to determine the right word count for your extended essay and understand why sticking to it is important. So, without further ado, let’s get started!

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What is an Extended Essay?

The extended essay gives students the opportunity to explore a particular field or topic in depth. For example, a student studying art history might choose to explore a particular artist or school of art. Similarly, a student studying physics might research the properties of a particular phenomena. The research process allows students to apply the theories and concepts they’ve learned in class to real-world scenarios.

The extended essay is also designed to give students practice in critical thinking, research skills, and writing. By having to conduct thorough research, develop a well-structured piece, and form an argument in their written work, students are able to hone their academic writing skills.

Overall, the extended essay provides students with a valuable learning opportunity and the chance to delve into a topic of interest at a more in-depth level.

Length of an Extended Essay

The standard length for an extended essay is typically between 3,000 and 4,000 words. The exact word count required for an extended essay could vary depending on the subject and area of the topic being discussed.

In some cases, students may be asked to submit an essay of a different length. For example, essays related to arts and film topics can sometimes be longer, while essays related to science topics are often shorter.

When deciding how many words to write in your essay, it’s important to consider the complexity of your topic, the depth of your research, and the requirements of the assignment or institution.

It’s also important to note that if you exceed the maximum recommended word count for an extended essay, the quality of your essay could suffer. Exceeding the word count limit could result in the essay sounding rushed or incomplete.

Minimum Word Count for an Extended Essay

Maximum word count for extended essay.

When you are writing an extended essay, there is a recommended maximum word count that you should aim for. This maximum word count is usually required in order to ensure the essay has enough depth and detail while not going over the top and becoming too long. It is usually recommended to have an essay of 4,000 words or less.

Having an essay that is too long can be detrimental for several reasons. Firstly, it is likely that your essay will become disjointed and unfocused if there is too much information included. Secondly, having a longer essay can make it harder to assess, as the markers may struggle to read and understand all of the content in your essay without getting bored. Furthermore, exceeding the maximum word count can also detract from other parts of your submission, such as the quality of your research or the written presentation of your essay.

It is important to remember that having an essay that is more than 4,000 words does not automatically mean that it is a bad essay. However, it is usually best to avoid going over the maximum recommended word count, as this can have a negative impact on the assessment of your essay. The best way to make sure you are meeting the maximum word count is to keep track of your word count while writing and to stick to a specific structure to ensure your essay stays focused and concise.

Writing an Extended Essay

Extended essays (EE) are in-depth research papers that require significant effort and planning. While each institution has its own unique requirements, there are generally accepted guidelines to follow when writing an extended essay.

Generally, both the structure and format of an EE should be clear and concise. It should begin with an introduction, followed by body paragraphs which support the thesis statement, and end with a conclusion that summarizes the main points of the essay.

An introduction should provide some background on the topic of the essay and introduce the reader to the main idea that will be explored. This will help the reader gain a better understanding of the paper’s purpose.

The body paragraphs should provide evidence and analysis to support the main point. Make sure to cite all sources used and include relevant facts and quotes. The goal is to make sure the reader understands the argument presented and can easily follow the paper’s flow.

The conclusion should be a summary of the main points discussed in the body and should leave an impression on the reader. Additionally, if any particular requirements or style guidelines were requested by the institution, they should be adhered to.

By following these guidelines, one can create an effective and well-structured extended essay that meets the requirements of the institution that it is being submitted to.

Pros and Cons of a Long Extended Essay

Writing an extended essay is no easy task, so it’s important to consider both the pros and cons of writing a longer essay. On one hand, a longer essay provides you with more space to develop your argument, while on the other hand, it can limit the scope of your research if you run out of time and words.

On the plus side, having more words allows you to properly explore the ideas, evidence and arguments that you have available to you. This can provide more space to make your case stronger and more convincing. Your reader will be able to get a better understanding of your viewpoint as well as the depth of your research.

However, there can sometimes be disadvantages to writing a longer essay. If you don’t manage your time effectively and you get towards the end of your essay with too many words left to write, then you may find yourself rushing through your conclusion. This could leave your essay feeling incomplete and your argument underdeveloped.

Additionally, having too many words can also make it difficult to stay focussed on your topic. Your essay can meander, as you try to cover too much ground in too few words. This can also lead to a lack of clarity in your paper, leaving your reader feeling confused or unable to see the connections between your points.

In conclusion, writing a longer essay provides both advantages and disadvantages. A longer essay allows you to properly explore your arguments and provide more space for evidence and proof, however it can be difficult to manage the word count and maintain momentum throughout the paper.

How to Measure Word Count and Plan Time

Measuring word count, planning time, breaking it down, sticking to the plan, advantages of sticking to the word count, examples of word counts.

When writing an extended essay, it is important to understand what the word count guidelines are, and what kind of essay should be written according to each one. Here we will look at examples of essays with different word counts and discuss their content.

A good starting point is the standard minimum word count for an extended essay. This is usually 1,500 words, although the requirement may vary depending on the subject or the school. At this length, it is possible to cover a fairly broad topic in-depth. For example, an essay about the history of the American Civil War could include discussion on the causes of the war, key battles, and the results of the conflict.

On the other end of the spectrum is the maximum word count for an extended essay. This is usually 4,000 words, again depending on the subject or school. At this length, it is possible to have a very focused examination of a particular event, issue, or person. For example, a student might write an essay on the life and works of Martin Luther King Jr., including his campaigns for civil rights and his impact on the world.

In between these two numbers are other word count levels ranging from 2,000 – 3,000 words. These can be used for more specialized topics that require greater detail. Examples include a study of the psychological effects of cyberbullying or the role of gender in modern literature.

It’s important to note that it’s possible to write good extended essays within any of the word count ranges, as long as the content is suitable for the length. The key is to identify a topic that fits the overall length and achieve a balance between breadth and depth.

With this in mind, here are some examples of extended essays of different lengths and what topics would be suitable for each:

• 1,500 words: A comparison between the civilizations of Greece and Rome
• 2,000 words: An analysis of the role of technology in the modern workplace
• 3,000 words: A study of the rise and fall of Napolean Bonaparte
• 4,000 words: A close examination of the Cuban Missile Crisis and its implications

As you can see, there is a wide range of potential topics and word counts when writing an extended essay. The key is to identify a suitable topic, understand the required word count, and create an essay of the right length with enough detail to cover the topic thoroughly.

Summarizing the Article

When summarizing an article, it’s important to make sure you have a strong conclusion. This means going back to the main points of the article and providing a summary. It should cover the main ideas, facts, and opinions discussed in the article.

To sum up the tips from this guide, here’s what you need to know about extended essays:

• Extended essays are a valuable tool for writing assignments, especially in academic contexts.
• The standard length of an extended essay is usually around 4000 words, but there can be exceptions to this.
• The minimum word count for an extended essay is usually around 2000 words and the maximum is usually around 6000 words.
• An extended essay should have an introduction, body, and conclusion, as well as any specific requirements outlined by the assignment.
• Writing an extended essay that is too long can hurt the quality of your work, while sticking to the recommended word count can help improve it.
• It’s important to track your word count and plan your time accordingly so that you don’t exceed the recommended length.

For best results, it’s important to remember the key points from this guide and apply them when writing your own extended essay. By sticking to the recommended length and following the structure, you’ll be able to create an effective and successful extended essay.

Writing an extended essay is a challenging process that requires plenty of research and planning. Understanding the guidelines for length and word count is essential for producing a high-quality essay.

Essays must meet the minimum requirements for length, typically ranging from 1,500 to 4,000 words. Successfully meeting this requirement depends on the complexity and scope of the subject matter. Exceeding the maximum word count can negatively affect the quality of the essay, so it’s important to adhere as closely to the guidelines as possible.

Nailing down the structure, format and content of an extended essay are all part of the writing process and require careful planning. Following the guidelines for word count helps ensure that the essay is succinct and focused, and will help the reader understand the key points of the essay quickly.

We hope this guide has been helpful for any students embarking on the journey of writing an extended essay. By understanding the importance of the word count guidelines and how to use them, you can write an effective and well-structured essay that meets the necessary demands.

• Last edit 22 APR 2023

Valerie Green

Valerie Green is a dedicated educator who spends her time helping high school and college students succeed. She writes articles and guides for various online education projects, providing students with the tools they need to excel in their studies. Friendly and approachable, she is committed to making a difference in the lives of students.

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Late nights in Hesburgh Library

A central experience of the arts and letters student.

There are few experiences that hone a person's concentration and productivity more than a late night in Hesburgh Library. 

Most Notre Dame students have likely been in this scenario. It’s 8:30 p.m., you’ve just finished eating dinner with your friends in the dining hall and are now left to sit with the daunting reality that you have a 12 page paper due the next morning which you have hardly started. You’ve had weeks to do this paper but, inevitably, it has come down to the last night.

A deluge of emotions spring forth from this scenario. Regret, fear, anxiety and perhaps a sense of hopelessness are all common. All we want in this moment is for the assignment to disappear and to be able to return to our normal lives and spend time with our friends.

But necessity calls. The essay must be written. The work must be done. 

I pack my bag and make the dreaded trek to the library. From afar, despite the iconic “Touchdown Jesus” mural, the building seems foreboding. Its brutalist architecture looms above campus, daring all who might take up the gauntlet to enter.

Reluctantly, I make my way through the door and up to a desk on the 11th floor. As I look out the window, the sun makes its way below the horizon and the lights begin to turn on around campus. I crack open my laptop and begin the work. 

The words begin to spring forth, slowly and painfully at first, but faster and more smoothly as I go. I grow in confidence, but moments of doubt still come into my mind. At some points, it seems as though finishing the essay is simply not possible. Perhaps school is simply not for me and I should instead herd cattle on a farm in Ireland for the rest of my life.

But then I am called back to reality and continue writing again. The essay must be written. The work must be done.

As I work and struggle through the essay, the lights on campus flicker off, one by one. 

The ancient books that surround me are now my only company. For decades they have sat there, watching countless other students do the same thing as me. 

At last the essay is done. I shut the laptop, standing up with a feeling of triumph. I stagger to the elevator and then out into the early morning.

Alone, I walk back to the dorm. The lights are almost all out now and the campus is quiet. The night cloaks the gothic buildings and the silent statues. A different world exists in this silent hour.

The new day will rise soon with its hope and its disappointment, its victory and its defeat, its joy and its bitterness. But as I walk back from Hesburgh, all of that is far away. I feel a sense of satisfaction and gratitude. The work has been done. 

Yes, I probably should write my essays before the night they are due. But among the bookshelves, amidst the chaos, I find something that pushes me to dig deeper within me, to see the work to its conclusion. Ultimately, those late nights in Hesburgh are necessary once in a while. 

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USCIS Increases Automatic Extension of Certain Employment Authorization Documents to Improve Access to Work Permits

WASHINGTON — Building on extensive modernization efforts that have streamlined and improved access to work permits for eligible noncitizens, USCIS today announced a  temporary final rule (TFR) to increase the automatic extension period for certain employment authorization documents (EADs) from up to 180 days to up to 540 days. This announcement follows improvements that have reduced processing times for EADs significantly over the past year.

The temporary measure announced today will prevent already work-authorized noncitizens from having their employment authorization and documentation lapse while waiting for USCIS to adjudicate their pending EAD renewal applications and better ensure continuity of operations for U.S. employers. This is the latest step by the Biden-Harris Administration to get work-authorized individuals into the workforce, supporting the economies where they live.

“Over the last year, the USCIS workforce reduced processing times for most EAD categories, supporting an overall goal to improve work access to eligible individuals.  However, we also received a record number of employment authorization applications, impacting our renewal mechanisms,” said USCIS Director Ur M. Jaddou. “Temporarily lengthening the existing automatic extension up to 540 days will avoid lapses in employment authorizations. At the same time, this rule provides DHS with an additional window to consider long-term solutions by soliciting public comments, and identifying new strategies to ensure those noncitizens eligible for employment authorization can maintain that benefit.”

This TFR aligns with an ongoing effort at USCIS to support employment authorized individuals’ access to work. USCIS has reduced EAD processing times overall and streamlined adjudication processing, including:

• Reducing by half EAD processing times of individuals with pending green card applications from FY2021 to date,
• Processing a record number of EAD applications in the past year, outpacing prior years,
• Engaging with communities to educate work-eligible individuals who were not accessing the process and provide on-the-ground intake support of applications,
• Reducing processing time for EADs for asylum applicants and certain parolees to less than or equal to 30-day median,
• Extending EAD validity period for certain categories from 2 years to 5 years,
• Streamlining the process for refugee EADs, and
• Expanding online filing for EADs to asylum applications and parolees.

This temporary measure will apply to eligible applicants who timely and properly filed an EAD renewal application on or after Oct. 27, 2023, if the application is still pending on the date of publication in the Federal Register. The temporary final rule will also apply to eligible EAD renewal applicants who timely and properly file their Form I-765 application during a 540-day period that begins with the rule’s publication in the Federal Register.

Absent this measure, nearly 800,000 EAD renewal applicants – including those eligible for employment authorization as asylees or asylum applicants, Temporary Protected Status (TPS) applicants or recipients, and green card applicants – would be in danger of experiencing a lapse in their employment authorization, and approximately 60,000 to 80,000 employers would be negatively impacted as a result of such a lapse. EADs are generally valid for the length of the authorized parole period. This TFR does not extend the length of parole.

Since May 12, 2023 to March 13, 2024, DHS has removed or returned over 617,000 individuals, the vast majority of whom crossed the Southwest Border, including more than 97,000 individual family members. The majority of all individuals encountered at the southwest border over the past three years have been removed, returned, or expelled. Total removals and returns since mid-May exceed removals and returns in every full fiscal year since 2011.

As part of this temporary final rule, USCIS is soliciting feedback from the public that would inform potential future regulatory action. For more information, visit our  Automatic Employment Authorization Document Extension page .

For more information about USCIS, please visit  uscis.gov  or follow us on  Twitter ,  Instagram ,  YouTube ,  Facebook , and  LinkedIn .