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Operators constitute the basic building block of any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they provide.

Types of Operators:

Arithmetic Operators
Unary Operators
Assignment Operator
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Ternary Operator
Bitwise Operators
Shift Operators

This article explains all that one needs to know regarding Assignment Operators.

Assignment Operators

These operators are used to assign values to a variable. The left side operand of the assignment operator is a variable, and the right side operand of the assignment operator is a value. The value on the right side must be of the same data type of the operand on the left side. Otherwise, the compiler will raise an error. This means that the assignment operators have right to left associativity, i.e., the value given on the right-hand side of the operator is assigned to the variable on the left. Therefore, the right-hand side value must be declared before using it or should be a constant. The general format of the assignment operator is,

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

The Assignment Operator is generally of two types. They are:

1. Simple Assignment Operator: The Simple Assignment Operator is used with the “=” sign where the left side consists of the operand and the right side consists of a value. The value of the right side must be of the same data type that has been defined on the left side.

2. Compound Assignment Operator: The Compound Operator is used where +,-,*, and / is used along with the = operator.

Let’s look at each of the assignment operators and how they operate:

1. (=) operator:

This is the most straightforward assignment operator, which is used to assign the value on the right to the variable on the left. This is the basic definition of an assignment operator and how it functions.

Syntax:

Example:

2. (+=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘+’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by adding the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left.

Note: The compound assignment operator in Java performs implicit type casting. Let’s consider a scenario where x is an int variable with a value of 5. int x = 5; If you want to add the double value 4.5 to the integer variable x and print its value, there are two methods to achieve this: Method 1: x = x + 4.5 Method 2: x += 4.5 As per the previous example, you might think both of them are equal. But in reality, Method 1 will throw a runtime error stating the “i ncompatible types: possible lossy conversion from double to int “, Method 2 will run without any error and prints 9 as output.

Reason for the Above Calculation

Method 1 will result in a runtime error stating “incompatible types: possible lossy conversion from double to int.” The reason is that the addition of an int and a double results in a double value. Assigning this double value back to the int variable x requires an explicit type casting because it may result in a loss of precision. Without the explicit cast, the compiler throws an error. Method 2 will run without any error and print the value 9 as output. The compound assignment operator += performs an implicit type conversion, also known as an automatic narrowing primitive conversion from double to int . It is equivalent to x = (int) (x + 4.5) , where the result of the addition is explicitly cast to an int . The fractional part of the double value is truncated, and the resulting int value is assigned back to x . It is advisable to use Method 2 ( x += 4.5 ) to avoid runtime errors and to obtain the desired output.

Same automatic narrowing primitive conversion is applicable for other compound assignment operators as well, including -= , *= , /= , and %= .

3. (-=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘-‘ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by subtracting the variable’s value on the right from the current value of the variable on the left and then assigning the result to the operand on the left.

4. (*=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘*’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by multiplying the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left.

5. (/=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘/’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by dividing the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigning the quotient to the operand on the left.

6. (%=) operator:

This operator is a compound of ‘%’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by dividing the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigning the remainder to the operand on the left.

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Assignment, Arithmetic, and Unary Operators

The simple assignment operator.

One of the most common operators that you'll encounter is the simple assignment operator " = ". You saw this operator in the Bicycle class; it assigns the value on its right to the operand on its left:

This operator can also be used on objects to assign object references , as discussed in Creating Objects .

The Arithmetic Operators

The Java programming language provides operators that perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. There's a good chance you'll recognize them by their counterparts in basic mathematics. The only symbol that might look new to you is " % ", which divides one operand by another and returns the remainder as its result.

The following program, ArithmeticDemo , tests the arithmetic operators.

This program prints the following:

You can also combine the arithmetic operators with the simple assignment operator to create compound assignments . For example, x+=1; and x=x+1; both increment the value of x by 1.

The + operator can also be used for concatenating (joining) two strings together, as shown in the following ConcatDemo program:

By the end of this program, the variable thirdString contains "This is a concatenated string.", which gets printed to standard output.

The Unary Operators

The unary operators require only one operand; they perform various operations such as incrementing/decrementing a value by one, negating an expression, or inverting the value of a boolean.

The following program, UnaryDemo , tests the unary operators:

The increment/decrement operators can be applied before (prefix) or after (postfix) the operand. The code result++; and ++result; will both end in result being incremented by one. The only difference is that the prefix version ( ++result ) evaluates to the incremented value, whereas the postfix version ( result++ ) evaluates to the original value. If you are just performing a simple increment/decrement, it doesn't really matter which version you choose. But if you use this operator in part of a larger expression, the one that you choose may make a significant difference.

The following program, PrePostDemo , illustrates the prefix/postfix unary increment operator:

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Operators are symbols that perform operations on variables and values. For example, + is an operator used for addition, while * is also an operator used for multiplication.

Operators in Java can be classified into 5 types:

Arithmetic Operators
Assignment Operators
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Unary Operators
Bitwise Operators

1. Java Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on variables and data. For example,

Here, the + operator is used to add two variables a and b . Similarly, there are various other arithmetic operators in Java.

Example 1: Arithmetic Operators

In the above example, we have used + , - , and * operators to compute addition, subtraction, and multiplication operations.

/ Division Operator

Note the operation, a / b in our program. The / operator is the division operator.

If we use the division operator with two integers, then the resulting quotient will also be an integer. And, if one of the operands is a floating-point number, we will get the result will also be in floating-point.

% Modulo Operator

The modulo operator % computes the remainder. When a = 7 is divided by b = 4 , the remainder is 3 .

Note : The % operator is mainly used with integers.

2. Java Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used in Java to assign values to variables. For example,

Here, = is the assignment operator. It assigns the value on its right to the variable on its left. That is, 5 is assigned to the variable age .

Let's see some more assignment operators available in Java.

Example 2: Assignment Operators

3. java relational operators.

Relational operators are used to check the relationship between two operands. For example,

Here, < operator is the relational operator. It checks if a is less than b or not.

It returns either true or false .

Example 3: Relational Operators

Note : Relational operators are used in decision making and loops.

4. Java Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to check whether an expression is true or false . They are used in decision making.

Example 4: Logical Operators

Working of Program

(5 > 3) && (8 > 5) returns true because both (5 > 3) and (8 > 5) are true .
(5 > 3) && (8 < 5) returns false because the expression (8 < 5) is false .
(5 < 3) || (8 > 5) returns true because the expression (8 > 5) is true .
(5 > 3) || (8 < 5) returns true because the expression (5 > 3) is true .
(5 < 3) || (8 < 5) returns false because both (5 < 3) and (8 < 5) are false .
!(5 == 3) returns true because 5 == 3 is false .
!(5 > 3) returns false because 5 > 3 is true .

5. Java Unary Operators

Unary operators are used with only one operand. For example, ++ is a unary operator that increases the value of a variable by 1 . That is, ++5 will return 6 .

Different types of unary operators are:

Increment and Decrement Operators

Java also provides increment and decrement operators: ++ and -- respectively. ++ increases the value of the operand by 1 , while -- decrease it by 1 . For example,

Here, the value of num gets increased to 6 from its initial value of 5 .

Example 5: Increment and Decrement Operators

In the above program, we have used the ++ and -- operator as prefixes (++a, --b) . We can also use these operators as postfix (a++, b++) .

There is a slight difference when these operators are used as prefix versus when they are used as a postfix.

To learn more about these operators, visit increment and decrement operators .

6. Java Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators in Java are used to perform operations on individual bits. For example,

Here, ~ is a bitwise operator. It inverts the value of each bit ( 0 to 1 and 1 to 0 ).

The various bitwise operators present in Java are:

These operators are not generally used in Java. To learn more, visit Java Bitwise and Bit Shift Operators .

Other operators

Besides these operators, there are other additional operators in Java.

The instanceof operator checks whether an object is an instanceof a particular class. For example,

Here, str is an instance of the String class. Hence, the instanceof operator returns true . To learn more, visit Java instanceof .

The ternary operator (conditional operator) is shorthand for the if-then-else statement. For example,

Here's how it works.

If the Expression is true , expression1 is assigned to the variable .
If the Expression is false , expression2 is assigned to the variable .

Let's see an example of a ternary operator.

In the above example, we have used the ternary operator to check if the year is a leap year or not. To learn more, visit the Java ternary operator .

Now that you know about Java operators, it's time to know about the order in which operators are evaluated. To learn more, visit Java Operator Precedence .

Introduction
Java Arithmetic Operators
Java Assignment Operators
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Java Logical Operators
Java Unary Operators
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Java - Assignment Operators with Examples

Java assignment operators.

Following are the assignment operators supported by Java language −

The following programs are simple examples which demonstrate the assignment operators. Copy and paste the following Java programs as Test.java file, and compile and run the programs −

In this example, we're creating three variables a,b and c and using assignment operators . We've performed simple assignment, addition AND assignment, subtraction AND assignment and multiplication AND assignment operations and printed the results.

In this example, we're creating two variables a and c and using assignment operators . We've performed Divide AND assignment, Multiply AND assignment, Modulus AND assignment, bitwise exclusive OR AND assignment, OR AND assignment operations and printed the results.

In this example, we're creating two variables a and c and using assignment operators . We've performed Left shift AND assignment, Right shift AND assignment, operations and printed the results.

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Java Assignment Operators

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Assignment operators in java: an overview.

We already discussed the Types of Operators in the previous tutorial Java. In this Java tutorial , we will delve into the different types of assignment operators in Java, and their syntax, and provide examples for better understanding. Because Java is a flexible and widely used programming language. Assignment operators play a crucial role in manipulating and assigning values to variables. To further enhance your understanding and application of Java assignment operator's concepts, consider enrolling in the best Java Certification Course .

What are the Assignment Operators in Java?

Assignment operators in Java are used to assign values to variables . They are classified into two main types: simple assignment operator and compound assignment operator.

The general syntax for a simple assignment statement is:

And for a compound assignment statement:

Read More - Advanced Java Interview Questions

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

Simple Assignment Operator: The Simple Assignment Operator is used with the "=" sign, where the operand is on the left side and the value is on the right. The right-side value must be of the same data type as that defined on the left side.
Compound Assignment Operator: Compound assignment operators combine arithmetic operations with assignments. They provide a concise way to perform an operation and assign the result to the variable in one step. The Compound Operator is utilized when +,-,*, and / are used in conjunction with the = operator.

1. Simple Assignment Operator (=):

The equal sign (=) is the basic assignment operator in Java. It is used to assign the value on the right-hand side to the variable on the left-hand side.

Explanation

2. addition assignment operator (+=) :, 3. subtraction operator (-=):, 4. multiplication operator (*=):.

5. Division Operator (/=):

6. modulus assignment operator (%=):, example of assignment operator in java.

Let's look at a few examples in our Java Playground to illustrate the usage of assignment operators in Java:

Unary Operator in Java
Arithmetic Operators in Java
Relational Operators in Java
Logical Operators in Java

Q1. Can I use multiple assignment operators in a single statement?

Q2. are there any other compound assignment operators in java, q3. how many types of assignment operators.

1. (=) operator
1. (+=) operator
2. (-=) operator
3. (*=) operator
4. (/=) operator
5. (%=) operator

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Java provides many types of operators to perform a variety of calculations and functions, such as logical , arithmetic , relational , and others. With so many operators to choose from, it helps to group them based on the type of functionality they provide. This programming tutorial will focus on Java’s numerous a ssignment operators.

Before we begin, however, you may want to bookmark our other tutorials on Java operators, which include:

Arithmetic Operators
Comparison Operators
Conditional Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise and Shift Operators

Assignment Operators in Java

As the name conveys, assignment operators are used to assign values to a variable using the following syntax:

The left side operand of the assignment operator must be a variable, whereas the right side operand of the assignment operator may be a literal value or another variable. Moreover, the value or variable on the right side must be of the same data type of the operand on the left side. Otherwise, the compiler will raise an error. Assignment operators have a right to left associativity in that the value given on the right-hand side of the operator is assigned to the variable on the left. Therefore, the right-hand side variable must be declared before assignment.

You can learn more about variables in our programming tutorial: Working with Java Variables .

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

Java assignment operators are classified into two types: simple and compound .

The Simple assignment operator is the equals ( = ) sign, which is the most straightforward of the bunch. It simply assigns the value or variable on the right to the variable on the left.

Compound operators are comprised of both an arithmetic, bitwise, or shift operator in addition to the equals ( = ) sign.

Equals Operator (=) Java Example

First, let’s learn to use the one-and-only simple assignment operator – the Equals ( = ) operator – with the help of a Java program. It includes two assignments: a literal value to num1 and the num1 variable to num2 , after which both are printed to the console to show that the values have been assigned to the numbers:

The += Operator Java Example

A compound of the + and = operators, the += adds the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right before assigning the result to the operand on the left. Here is some sample code to demonstrate how to use the += operator in Java:

The -= Operator Java Example

Made up of the – and = operators, the -= first subtracts the variable’s value on the right from the current value of the variable on the left before assigning the result to the operand on the left. We can see it at work below in the following code example showing how to decrement in Java using the -= operator:

The *= Operator Java Example

This Java operator is comprised of the * and = operators. It operates by multiplying the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left. Here’s a program that shows the *= operator in action:

The /= Operator Java Example

A combination of the / and = operators, the /= Operator divides the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigns the quotient to the operand on the left. Here is some example code showing how to use the /= operator in Java:

%= Operator Java Example

The %= operator includes both the % and = operators. As seen in the program below, it divides the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigns the remainder to the operand on the left:

Compound Bitwise and Shift Operators in Java

The Bitwise and Shift Operators that we just recently covered can also be utilized in compound form as seen in the list below:

&= – Compound bitwise Assignment operator.
^= – Compound bitwise ^ assignment operator.
>>= – Compound right shift assignment operator.
>>>= – Compound right shift filled 0 assignment operator.
<<= – Compound left shift assignment operator.

The following program demonstrates the working of all the Compound Bitwise and Shift Operators :

Final Thoughts on Java Assignment Operators

This programming tutorial presented an overview of Java’s simple and compound assignment Operators. An essential building block to any programming language, developers would be unable to store any data in their programs without them. Though not quite as indispensable as the equals operator, compound operators are great time savers, allowing you to perform arithmetic and bitwise operations and assignment in a single line of code.

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Assignment Operator in Java with Example

Assignment operator is one of the simplest and most used operator in java programming language. As the name itself suggests, the assignment operator is used to assign value inside a variable. In java we can divide assignment operator in two types :

Assignment operator or simple assignment operator
Compound assignment operators

What is assignment operator in java

The = operator in java is known as assignment or simple assignment operator. It assigns the value on its right side to the operand(variable) on its left side. For example :

The left-hand side of an assignment operator must be a variable while the right side of it should be a value which can be in the form of a constant value, a variable name, an expression, a method call returning a compatible value or a combination of these.

The value at right side of assignment operator must be compatible with the data type of left side variable, otherwise compiler will throw compilation error. Following are incorrect assignment :

Another important thing about assignment operator is that, it is evaluated from right to left . If there is an expression at right side of assignment operator, it is evaluated first then the resulted value is assigned in left side variable.

Here in statement int x = a + b + c; the expression a + b + c is evaluated first, then the resulted value( 60 ) is assigned into x . Similarly in statement a = b = c , first the value of c which is 30 is assigned into b and then the value of b which is now 30 is assigned into a .

The variable at left side of an assignment operator can also be a non-primitive variable. For example if we have a class MyFirstProgram , we can assign object of MyFirstProgram class using = operator in MyFirstProgram type variable.

Is == an assignment operator ?

No , it's not an assignment operator, it's a relational operator used to compare two values.

Is assignment operator a binary operator

Yes , as it requires two operands.

Assignment operator program in Java

a = 2 b = 2 c = 4 d = 4 e = false

Java compound assignment operators

The assignment operator can be mixed or compound with other operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication etc. We call such assignment operators as compound assignment operator. For example :

Here the statement a += 10; is the short version of a = a + 10; the operator += is basically addition compound assignment operator. Similarly b *= 5; is short version of b = b * 5; the operator *= is multiplication compound assignment operator. The compound assignment can be in more complex form as well, like below :

List of all assignment operators in Java

The table below shows the list of all possible assignment(simple and compound) operators in java. Consider a is an integer variable for this table.

How many assignment operators are there in Java ?

Including simple and compound assignment we have total 12 assignment operators in java as given in above table.

What is shorthand operator in Java ?

Shorthand operators are nothing new they are just a shorter way to write something that is already available in java language. For example the code a += 5 is shorter way to write a = a + 5 , so += is a shorthand operator. In java all the compound assignment operator(given above) and the increment/decrement operators are basically shorthand operators.

Compound assignment operator program in Java

a = 20 b = 80 c = 30 s = 64 s2 = 110 b2 = 15

What is the difference between += and =+ in Java?

An expression a += 1 will result as a = a + 1 while the expression a =+ 1 will result as a = +1 . The correct compound statement is += , not =+ , so do not use the later one.

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Java's Basic and Shorthand Assignment Operators

Reference assignment, primitive assignment, primitive casting, shorthand assignment operators, basic assignment operator.

Java's basic assignment operator is a single equals-to (=) sign that assigns the right-hand side value to the left-hand side operand. On left side of the assignment operator there must be a variable that can hold the value assigned to it. Assignment operator operates on both primitive and reference types. It has the following syntax: var = expression; Note that the type of var must be compatible with the type of expression .

Chaining of assignment operator is also possible where we can create a chain of assignments in order to assign a single value to multiple variables. For example,

The above piece of code sets the variables x, y, and z to 100 using a single statement. This works because the = is an operator that yields the value of the right-hand expression. Thus, the value of z = 100 is 100, which is then assigned to y , which in turn is assigned to x . Using a "chain of assignment" is an easy way to set a group of variables to a common value.

A variable referring to an object is a reference variable not an object. We can assign a newly created object to an object reference variable as follows:

The above line of code performs three tasks

Creates a reference variable named st1 , of type Student .
Creates a new Student object on the heap.
Assigns the newly created Student object to the reference variable st1

We can also assign null to an object reference variable, which simply means the variable is not referring to any object:

Above line of code creates space for the Student reference variable st2 but doesn't create an actual Student object.

Note that, we can also use a reference variable to refer to any object that is a subclass of the declared reference variable type.

Primitive variables can be assigned either by using a literal or the result of an expression. For example,

The most important point that we should keep in mind, while assigning primitive types is if we are going to assign a bigger value to a smaller type, we have to typecast it properly. In Above piece of code the literal integer 130 is implicitly an int but it is acceptable here because the variable x is of type int . It gets weird if you try 130 to assign to a byte variable. For example, The below piece of code will not compile because literal 130 is implicitly an integer and it does not fit into a smaller type byte x . Likewise, byte c = a + b will also not compile because the result of an expression involving anything int-sized or smaller is always an int .

Casting lets us convert primitive values from one type to another (specially from bigger to smaller types). Casts can be implicit or explicit. An implicit cast means we don't have to write code for the cast; the conversion happens automatically. Typically, an implicit cast happens when we do a widening conversion. In other words, putting a smaller thing (say, a byte ) into a bigger container (like an int ). Remember those "possible loss of precision" compiler errors we saw during assignments. Those happened when we tried to put a larger thing (say, an int ) into a smaller container (like a byte ). The large-value-into-small-container conversion is referred to as narrowing and requires an explicit cast, where we tell the compiler that we are aware of the danger and accept full responsibility.

As a final note on casting, it is very important to note that the shorthand assignment operators let us perform addition, subtraction, multiplication or division without putting in an explicit cast. In fact, +=, -=, *=, and /= will all put in an implicit cast. Below is an example:

In addition to the basic assignment operator, Java also defines 12 shorthand assignment operators that combine assignment with the 5 arithmetic operators ( += , -= , *= , /= , %= ) and the 6 bitwise and shift operators ( &= , |= , ^= , <<= , >>= , >>>= ). For example, the += operator reads the value of the left variable, adds the value of the right operand to it, stores the sum back into the left variable as a side effect, and returns the sum as the value of the expression. Thus, the expression x += 2 is almost the same x = x + 2 .

The difference between these two expressions is that when we use the += operator, the left operand is evaluated only once. This makes a difference when that operand has a side effect. Consider the following two expressions a[i++] += 2; and a[i++] = a[i++] + 2; , which are not equivalent:

In this tutorial we discussed basic and shorthand (compound) assignment operators of Java. Hope you have enjoyed reading this tutorial. Please do write us if you have any suggestion/comment or come across any error on this page. Thanks for reading!

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Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:

Try it Yourself »

Although the + operator is often used to add together two values, like in the example above, it can also be used to add together a variable and a value, or a variable and another variable:

Java divides the operators into the following groups:

Arithmetic operators
Assignment operators
Comparison operators
Logical operators
Bitwise operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform common mathematical operations.

Java Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

In the example below, we use the assignment operator ( = ) to assign the value 10 to a variable called x :

The addition assignment operator ( += ) adds a value to a variable:

A list of all assignment operators:

Java Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values (or variables). This is important in programming, because it helps us to find answers and make decisions.

The return value of a comparison is either true or false . These values are known as Boolean values , and you will learn more about them in the Booleans and If..Else chapter.

In the following example, we use the greater than operator ( > ) to find out if 5 is greater than 3:

Java Logical Operators

You can also test for true or false values with logical operators.

Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or values:

Java Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators are used to perform binary logic with the bits of an integer or long integer.

Note: The Bitwise examples above use 4-bit unsigned examples, but Java uses 32-bit signed integers and 64-bit signed long integers. Because of this, in Java, ~5 will not return 10. It will return -6. ~00000000000000000000000000000101 will return 11111111111111111111111111111010

In Java, 9 >> 1 will not return 12. It will return 4. 00000000000000000000000000001001 >> 1 will return 00000000000000000000000000000100

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JAVA OPERATORS

They are used to manipulate primitive data types. Java operators can be classified as unary, binary, or ternary—meaning taking one, two, or three arguments, respectively. A unary operator may appear before (prefix) its argument or after (postfix) its argument. A binary or ternary operator appears between its arguments.

Operators in java fall into 8 different categories:

Java operators fall into eight different categories: assignment, arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, compound assignment, conditional, and type .

Java has eight different operator types: assignment, arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, compound assignment, conditional, and type.

ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS

The java assignment operator statement has the following syntax:

variable> = < expression >

If the value already exists in the variable it is overwritten by the assignment operator (=).

Download AssignmentOperatorsDemoSource code

ARITHMETIC OPERATORS

Java provides eight Arithmetic operators. They are for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulo (or remainder), increment (or add 1), decrement (or subtract 1), and negation. An example program is shown below that demonstrates the different arithmetic operators in java.

The binary operator + is overloaded in the sense that the operation performed is determined by the type of the operands. When one of the operands is a String object, the other operand is implicitly converted to its string representation and string concatenation is performed.

String message = 100 + “Messages”; //”100 Messages”

Download ArithmeticOperatorsDemo Source code

RELATIONAL OPERATORS

Relational operators in Java are used to compare 2 or more objects. Java provides six relational operators:

greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal (>=), less than or equal (<=), equal (==), and not equal (!=).

All relational operators are binary operators, and their operands are numeric expressions.

Binary numeric promotion is applied to the operands of these operators. The evaluation results in a boolean value. Relational operators have precedence lower than arithmetic operators, but higher than that of the assignment operators. An example program is shown below that demonstrates the different relational operators in java.

Download RelationalOperatorsDemo Source code

LOGICAL OPERATORS

Logical operators return a true or false value based on the state of the Variables. There are six logical, or boolean, operators. They are AND, conditional AND, OR, conditional OR, exclusive OR, and NOT. Each argument to a logical operator must be a boolean data type, and the result is always a boolean data type. An example program is shown below that demonstrates the different Logical operators in java.

Download LogicalOperatorsDemo Source code

Given that x and y represent boolean expressions, the boolean logical operators are defined in the Table below.

BITWISE OPERATORS

Java provides Bit wise operators to manipulate the contents of variables at the bit level.

These variables must be of numeric data type ( char, short, int, or long). Java provides seven bitwise

operators. They are AND, OR, Exclusive-OR, Complement, Left-shift, Signed Right-shift, and Unsigned Right-shift. An example program is shown below that demonstrates the different Bit wise operators in java.

Download BitwiseOperatorsDemo Source code

The result of applying bitwise operators between two corresponding bits in the operands is shown in the Table below.

Download BitwiseOperatorsDemo2 Source code

COMPOUND OPERATORS

compound operators perform shortcuts in common programming operations. Java has eleven compound assignment operators.

= argument2.

The above statement is the same as, argument1 = argument1 operator argument2. An example program is shown below that demonstrates the different Compound operators in java.

Download CompoundOperatorsDemo Source code

CONDITIONAL OPERATORS

The Conditional operator is the only ternary (operator takes three arguments) operator in Java. The operator evaluates the first argument and, if true, evaluates the second argument. If the first argument evaluates to false, then the third argument is evaluated. The conditional operator is the expression equivalent of the if-else statement. The conditional expression can be nested and the conditional operator associates from right to left: (a?b?c?d:e:f:g) evaluates as (a?(b?(c?d:e):f):g)

An example program is shown below that demonstrates the Ternary operator in java.

Download TernaryOperatorsDemo Source code

Download TernaryOperatorsDemo2 Source code

Type conversion allows a value to be changed from one primitive data type to another. Conversion can occur explicitly, as specified in

the program, or implicitly, by Java itself. Java allows both type widening and type narrowing conversions.

In java Conversions can occur by the following ways:

Using a cast operator (explicit promotion)
Using an arithmetic operator is used with arguments of different data types (arithmetic promotion)
A value of one type is assigned to a variable of a different type (assignment promotion)

OPERATOR PRECEDENCE

The order in which operators are applied is known as precedence. Operators with a higher precedence are applied before operators with a lower precedence. The operator precedence order of Java is shown below. Operators at the top of the table are applied before operators lower down in the table. If two operators have the same precedence, they are applied in the order they appear in a statement.

That is, from left to right. You can use parentheses to override the default precedence.

In an operation such as,

result = 4 + 5 * 3

First (5 * 3) is evaluated and the result is added to 4 giving the Final Result value as 19. Note that ‘*’ takes higher precedence than ‘+’ according to chart shown above. This kind of precedence of one operator over another applies to all the operators.

1. How to generate a random number between 1 to x, x being a whole number greater than 1

Ans: double result = x * Math.random();

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❯ Java Tutorial

Java Bitwise AND Assignment (&=) Operator

Java bitwise and assignment.

In Java, Bitwise AND Assignment Operator is used to compute the Bitwise AND operation of left and right operands, and assign the result back to left operand. In this tutorial, we will learn how to use Bitwise AND Assignment operator in Java, with examples.

The syntax to compute bitwise AND a value of 2 and value in variable x , and assign the result back to x using Bitwise AND Assignment Operator is

In the following example, we take a variable x with an initial value of 9 , add bitwise AND it with value of 2 , and assign the result to x , using Bitwise AND Assignment Operator.

In this Java Tutorial , we learned about Bitwise AND Assignment Operator in Java, with examples.

example of java assignment operator

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Overview of Java

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Operators in Java

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Flow Control in Java

Java Assignment Operators with Examples

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Access Modifiers in Java

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Classes of Java

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JDBC - Java Database Connectivity

Assignment Operators

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

1. (=) operator:

2. (+=) operator:

Reason for the Above Calculation

3. (-=) operator:

4. (*=) operator:

5. (/=) operator:

6. (%=) operator:

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