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Landscape Architecture Masters Theses Collection

Theses from 2022 2022.

The Eudaimonic Tree Pilot: A Study of Public Engagement in Participatory Art at Three Sites , Olivia A. James, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2021 2021

River Tapi Rejuvenation: Elevating the Ecological Corridor of Surat City , Kinjal Desai, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2018 2018

Curating Place: Using Interpretive Design to Metabolize Change in the Rural, Post-Industrial Landscape of Woronoco Massachusetts , Clark G. Piers-Gamble, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2017 2017

An Incremental Intervention in Jakarta: An Empowering Infrastructural Approach for Upgrading Informal Settelments , Christopher H. Counihan

The Use of Public Plazas in China and the United States: Measuring the Differences Using Direct Observation in Boston and Chongqing , Maozhu Mao, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2016 2016

Restoration: Bridging the Gaps A Graphic Translation of Ecological Restoration , Alyssandra Black, Landscape Architecture

The Role of the Landscape in the Socialization of Cohousing Communities: A Study in Western Massachusetts , Emilie Marques Jordao, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2013 2013

Forms, Transitions, and Design Approaches: Women as Creators of Built Landscapes , Tai-hsiang Cheng, Landscape Architecture

Reconnecting to Landscape: An Evaluation of the Post Hurricane Communities of Biloxi, Mississippi and Galveston, Texas , Elizabeth A. Englebretson, Landscape Architecture

Negotiating Postwar Landscape Architecture: The Practice of Sidney Nichols Shurcliff , Jeffrey Scott Fulford M.D., M.P.H., M.L.A., Landscape Architecture

The Lovely and the Wild: Considering Naumkeag , Carol Waag, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2012 2012

Public Art - Purpose and Benefits: Exploring Strategy in the New England City of Pittsfield, Ma , Pamela Jo Landi, Landscape Architecture

Environmental Design Research and the Design of Urban Open Space: A Study of Current Practice in Landscape Architecture , Jennifer Masters, Landscape Architecture

Culture, Community Development, and Sustainability in a Post-Freeway City , Bryan Obara, Landscape Architecture

Elements of Sustainable Urbanism and Strategies for Landscape Development: Design of Green City , Jie Su, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2011 2011

Bioretention: Evaluating their Effectiveness for Improving Water Quality in New England Urban Environments , Mary Dehais, Landscape Architecture

Landscapes of Compassion: A Guatemalan Experience , Travis W. Shultz, Landscape Architecture

Schoolyard Renovations in the Context of Urban Greening: Insight from the Boston Schoolyard Initiative, Boston, Massachusetts , Katherine A. Tooke, Landscape Architecture

Retrofitting Suburbs: Prioritizing Bmp Implementation to Reduce Phosphorus Runoff , Emily S. Wright, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2010 2010

Strengthening Urban Green: Using Green Infrastructure for Biodiversity Improvement in Boston's Highly Fragmented Urban Environments , Christopher L. Mantle, Landscape Architecture

Communicating Landscape Design Intent to the Non-expert: Small Experiments Using Collage , Deborah Zervas, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2009 2009

The Community Garden as a Tool for Community Empowerment: A Study of Community Gardens in Hampden County , Shanon C. Kearney, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 2008 2008

Alleys: Negotiating Identity in Traditional, Urban, And New Urban Communities , Sara A. Hage, Landscape Architecture

Rural Character in the Hilltowns: Understanding Attitudes About Planning in the Context of Attachment to Place , Anna J. Sadler, Landscape Architecture

Testing the New Suburbanism: Exploring Attitudes of Local Residents in Metropolitan Boston toward Residential Neighborhoods and Sustainable Development , Nicole A. West, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 1932 1932

Project for a state park system for Alabama , Sam Findley Brewster, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 1927 1927

The triangulation method of stadia transit topographic surveying adapted to landscape architecture , Kenneth Boyd Simmons, Landscape Architecture

Theses from 1917 1917

Principles of real estate subdivision with a practical problem , Irving C. Root, Landscape Architecture

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• Articles , Special Edition Articles , Thesis

50 Best Thesis Topics for Landscape Architecture

• February 8, 2023
• Landscape architecture , landscape urbanism , Urban design thesis , urban research

Landscape architecture is a multi-disciplinary field that focuses on the design, planning, and management of the built and natural environments. Landscape architects work to create functional and aesthetically pleasing outdoor spaces that are sustainable and improve the quality of life for people. This field encompasses a wide range of projects, from designing residential gardens to planning public parks and green spaces, creating urban plazas and promenades, and developing environmental restoration projects.

Landscape architects collaborate with other professionals, including architects, engineers, planners, and urban designers, to ensure that their designs are functional, sustainable, and integrate well with the surrounding environment. They also work closely with clients and stakeholders to understand their needs and desires, and to ensure that the final design meets their goals and expectations.

Masters of Landscape Architecture:

A Master of Landscape Architecture (MLA) is a graduate degree program in landscape architecture. It is designed for students who have a strong interest in the design, planning, and management of outdoor spaces and the built environment. The program provides advanced training in design, ecology, planning, history, and theory, as well as hands-on experience working on real-world design projects.

The MLA curriculum typically covers a wide range of topics, including landscape design and analysis, urban design, site planning, ecology, construction and materials, and sustainable design. Students also have the opportunity to specialize in areas such as urban design, park planning, or environmental restoration.

Graduates of an MLA program are prepared to work in a variety of settings, including private design firms, government agencies, non-profit organizations, and academic institutions. They may also pursue careers as independent consultants, providing design and planning services to clients in both the public and private sectors.

The MLA degree typically takes two years of full-time study to complete, although some programs may offer part-time or online options for working professionals.

Masters of Landscape Architecture Thesis:

The Master of Landscape Architecture (MLA) thesis is a final project required for graduation from a MLA program. It is an opportunity for students to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in landscape architecture, as well as to pursue a topic of personal interest in greater depth. The MLA thesis is usually completed in the final year of study and is a requirement for graduation.

The MLA thesis typically involves a substantial research and design project, which can take many forms, including a design proposal for a real-world site, an analysis of a landscape architecture issue, or a theoretical investigation of a design-related topic. The project should demonstrate the student’s mastery of the knowledge and skills acquired during the MLA program, as well as their ability to conduct independent research and design work.

UDL Thesis Publication 2024

Curating the best thesis Globally !

Landscape Architecture Thesis Topics List:

• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting sustainability and green infrastructure.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in mitigating the impacts of climate change.
• The impact of landscape design on water management and conservation.
• An analysis of the integration of landscape design with building design and architecture.
• The role of landscape design in promoting social equity and access to public spaces.
• Evaluating the impact of landscape design on urban biodiversity and wildlife habitats.
• The integration of landscape design in transportation planning and infrastructure development.
• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting public health and well-being.
• The impact of landscape design on local food systems and agriculture.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy.
• The integration of landscape design in coastal and waterfront management and planning.
• An analysis of the role of landscape design in supporting sustainable tourism and recreation.
• The impact of landscape design on air quality and environmental health.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting cultural and historic preservation.
• The integration of landscape design in brownfield and contaminated site remediation.
• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting community engagement and participation.
• The impact of landscape design on economic development and job creation.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting walkability and livability.

• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting natural resource conservation and stewardship.
• The integration of landscape design in sustainable land use planning and management.
• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting community health and wellness.
• An analysis of the integration of landscape urbanism principles in urban design and development.
• Evaluating the impact of landscape urbanism on sustainable urbanism and green infrastructure.
• The role of landscape urbanism in promoting social equity and access to green spaces in urban areas.
• An examination of the integration of landscape urbanism in transportation planning and infrastructure development.
• The impact of landscape urbanism on biodiversity and wildlife habitat conservation in urban areas.

• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting accessibility and universal design.
• The impact of landscape design on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting biodiversity and ecosystem health.
• The integration of landscape design in urban agriculture and local food systems.
• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting green roofs and living walls.
• The impact of landscape design on reducing urban runoff and water pollution.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting social and cultural diversity.
• The integration of landscape design in wetlands and riparian management and conservation.
• An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting community green spaces and urban forests.
• The impact of landscape design on reducing energy consumption and reducing energy costs.

The integration of landscape design in stormwater management and flood control.

An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting renewable energy and alternative fuels.

The impact of landscape design on crime reduction and public safety.

Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting social interaction and community building.

The integration of landscape design in parks and open space planning and management.

An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting wildlife habitat connectivity.

The impact of landscape design on natural resource conservation and management.

Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting water conservation and reuse.

The integration of landscape design in green infrastructure and low impact development.

An analysis of the role of landscape design in promoting cultural and historic awareness.

The impact of landscape design on reducing urban heat island effects.

Evaluating the effectiveness of landscape design in promoting sustainable transportation and mobility.

The integration of landscape design in emergency management and disaster resilience.

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Home > Landscape Architecture > Landscape Architecture Masters Theses

Landscape Architecture Masters Theses

Fully accredited by the American Society of Landscape Architects, RISD’s MLA program is unique in that it gives students access to a wide range of fine art and design courses on campus, along with classes at Brown University, study abroad options and a six-week Wintersession that allows for focused study on campus or off. In addition, the program revolves around environmental and global issues, with recent involvement in projects in Bangladesh, Costa Rica, Ghana and beyond.

In the final year, students complete the course of study by developing a thesis and a methodology for testing their conceptual premise through a committed design project. This final requirement differs from most programs, and allows students to spend the time they need to develop a visual and written language that articulates their interests and future direction. All MLA candidates also participate in the RISD Graduate Thesis Exhibition, a large-scale public show held annually.

These works are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License .

Theses from 2023 2023

Starting From Ecotone Reconnecting Fragmented Mission Hill , Xinyi Cai

Arctic Resilience: Adaptive Networks of Self-Sufficiency , Jingjing Cui

Beyond the Lines , Miranda-Max de Beer

Abundance within Scarcity: Food Security in the Favelas of Brazil , Menglin Ding

Cities of Tomorrow Future Urban Planning Strategies , Jingyu Ge

Landscape De/Re-Construction through Art , Manuel Gonzalez

Liquid Border , YINGFAN JIA

FLOWS OF SOUND “Harnessing Sound As Critical Urban Resources” , Zuan Lin

Temporary urbanism-spatial democracy in the temporary city , Shijie Li

MODERN NOMADISM ——A network of reciprocal moorings , Jinting Liu

Enhancing Wellbeing In Public Landscape Through Light , Ruiqing Miao

CRACKS OF THE CITY: Crack as an invitation for informality , Yusha Miao

The Root of Culture: Human Ritual and the Soils of West Virginia , Aleece Mount

Celebrate Scarcity: Water Harvesting as Cultural Keystone , Jiajun Ni

Orchestration of Experience , Jingyi Shen

SENSIBLE NATURE: To “See” As We Once Did , Yuhan Su

Vanishing Ice , Zhehao Tang

Rebuild Relationships Between City, Agriculture and Ecosystem in the World of the Drought , Ninghao Wang

Moving In, Moving Up, Moving On : The adaptation and preservation of Chinese diasporas through food , Jieqi Yao

Watering the Soul: Reintroduction of Water to the Urban Space , Danfei Zhang

Healing the Haunted: Rituals of Mourning and Suture , Pian Zhang

City as Cemetery , Siqiao Zhao

Theses from 2022 2022

X-Era: adaptation to the future uncertainty with sustainable Indigenous wisdom , Ruoyuan Chen

Systemic design: Experiments to trigger pedestrian empathy in the urban system , Yu Chen

City of intelligent soil: systematic approach towards urban soil mutualism , Yuting Chen

To mine or not to mine? Epistemological development of the Pebble Mine landscape in Lake Iliamna area as a resilient commons system , Chenfang (Vincent) Gang

Urban vine: reimagine the scaffolding as a repair opportunity to transform the ecosystem , Shuyi Guan

Arriving in the city: reimagining the urban footholds for rural workers , Xinlei Gu

Scalability system: A tool for bioregional navigation , Lulu Hou

We walk, we live: reclaiming the rights of female and other gender minorities to the urban commons , Wenxi (Hillary) Huang

Darkness matters: understanding the ecological effects and human sensory perception of night lighting , Zitong (Shirley) Hui

Field guide to gendered public life : balancing the preservation of the existing vibrant public life with the improvement of the female experience , Christina Koutsoukou

Regenerating the ground: Using regenerative agricultural practices to increase urban food production and restore the health of soils , Yuxiao Liao

Anti-gentrification: reconnect Chinatown through culture practice , Xianzhongge (Allen) Liu

Aquatic assemblages: improving dragonfly habitat and water quality in an urban park , Yan Liu

Trash matters: material strategies for prolonging the life of single-use plastic , Zixin Li

Infection-free landscape: adaptable urban open space design during and after the COVID-19 pandemic , Weirong Luo

Offshore speculation: generative ethics for submerged lands , Leigh Miller

Design in support of playfulness , Seung Hwan Oh

Emotional experience: An exploration of reestablishing the connection with nature through novel street tree planning in Providence, RI , Xiuyan Qin

Living with fire , Mohan Wang

Farming publics: Use farming practices as a tool to de-alienate people with land , Sirui Wang

Sensory resilience in urban walkingscapes: Space making strategies for streetside public systems in neuro- inclusive city visions , Yingying Wang

Slow down: Investigating how pop-up installations transform multi-use space , Yuanrui Wang

Landscape of resistance: reimagining public space for a vibrant socio-political life , Ziyu Wang

Zoopolis: repurpose urban infrastructure to welcome invisible neighbors , Yu Xiao

The Urban fabric: upcycling textile waste into raw material for urban ground surface design , Wenlin Yang

Agricultural Landscape as cultural practice : through the lens of rice farming , Yumeng Yan

One land / one ocean: reactivate coastal commons in urban territory , Chengie Zhang

Bee stations: refueling bees and creating opportunities for education , Jinghan Zhou

Cross border conservation - China - North Korea border , Ziyu Zhou

The future of the High Plains Aquifer: addressing potential desertification in the Great Plains , Hongfei Zuo

Theses from 2021 2021

Solastalgic ecotone: the critical zone in suspension , Bareeq Bahman

The sixth migration - rural/urban "heterotopia" , Pan Chen

Inclusive multi-sensory landscape: directing visually impaired people in a perception world , Tianqi Chen

Urban tree community: living with tree spirits , Xueying Chen

Blur the boundaries: an aerial coexisting system for birds and humans on rooftops , Yu Fang

Holding: speculative infrastructure for fire mitigation , Ian George

Rewilding Seattle: a green network for both humans and non-humans , Zhouqian Guo

Mutable landscapes: diversity through the lens of the earth's biomass , Ilya Iskhakov

The TEK-way: traditional ecological knowledge: a catalyst to building resilient communities , Smera Rose Jacob

Transforming islands: a living memorial for the Marshall Islands , Chengwen Jiang

Reimagining the damage: an exploration on urban brownfield regeneration strategies , Jun Jiang

Re-foresting: cohabitation of human and trees , Chengyu Ke

Filmic landscape: a performative space with multi-medium , Zhihong Ke

Land, labor, water: an agricultural commons in the Central Valley of California , Jacob Lightman

Post-industry brownfield renewal system: precision strategy and design via the new methodology , Sirui Li

Fluid ground: imagining a floating future for Tuvalu , Yuxi Liu

Eco-waste: household waste material flows in a circular economy , Erqi Meng

Affordable Green: what cause landscape gentrification and how we deal with it , Siyu Pan

Virtuality, reality, community , Siqi Rao

Synthetic undulation: improving the marine life quality on the Indonesian island of Seleyar , Shreeyaa Shah

Community steward of the deep bay: staging Lau Fau Shan for resiliency through collective participation , Lauren Tam

Across the boundary: addressing segregation along transportation infrastructure , Ruochen Wang

Regional food self sufficiency: new visions for productive landscapes , Yiling Wang

Wandering land: landscape on space station , Xin Wen

Optics / perception / experience: regenerating agricultural landscape through railways , Tianyi Xie

A better city for her: design safer public spaces for women in the United States and China , Geruihan Xu

Mother river: restoring transiting producing , Rui Yang

Eco-corridor for wildlife: reclamation of wildlife habitat in Rhode Island , Xiaodong Yang

Negative carbon growth in the atmosphere: to reverse the growth of carbon in the atmosphere through urban reforestation , Hanchao Zhang

Eco-concrete: reimaging Nantucket infrastructure system , Huaiwen Zhang

Driftscape: maximize urban space uses in the context of densification , Sida Zhang

The second identity: the human-otters ha-ha - utopia for urban animals , Yuxin Zhang

Feeling at home: working with the rhythm of the day to support seniors in urban villages , Guoxi Zhou

Theses from 2020 2020

This land is your land: democratizing landscape architecture , Adrienne Emmerich

A material cooperation over time , Diana Marcela Gallo

Urban storytelling: rebuilding the understanding of place via immersive narrative , Xue Gao

Flowing garments: textile waste reutilization in landscape design , Fengjiao Ge

Generative landscapes: successional and equitable plant propagation on Rhode Island's public lands , Elizabeth Hunt

Mountainous city , Yixuan Hu

Territories of trash: designing the overlap of spaces of disposal and acquisition , Mary Kokorda Cavazos

Dynamic landscape: The theatre of time unfolding , Mo Kong

42nd Soundscaping: sound as media for reshaping urban ecology , Chao Li

3D simulation in flooding Providence , Qing Liu

Urban ecotone: restoring the water-land balance as a strategy for social equity , Yuzhe Ma

Landscapes of exposure: reframing the connection between body + environment , Kayla Murgo

What is rural design? decentralized & community-driven approaches for the Green New Deal that value existing rural land and community , Cornelia Overton

Urban palimpsest: re-placing memory in war torn city Dresden , Xinyi Sun

Reviving the hollowing rural village: research on the coastal mountainous region of Kaihua, China , Rui Tao

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MLA Student Thesis Projects

Mla thesis projects.

Ever wonder what kind of thesis projects our students worked on while here in our program? Check out the topics our students, now alumni, explored!

Quicklinks: 2018-2019 |   2017-2018 |  2016-2017 |  2015-2016 | 2014-2015 | 2013-2014 | 2012-2013 | 2011-2012 | 2010-2011

Coming soon!

Jennifer Ren

Choreographing a Greenway: Exploring Experiential Diversity Through Choreographic Dance Principles

Successful parks provide a rich assortment of experiences that stimulate the body, senses, and emotions. Another way to describe this quality is the term experiential diversity. While experiential diversity is rarely addressed explicitly in typical greenway designs, its implementation is vitally important in order to increase engagement and activate space. The Anacostia riverfront in Washington, D.C. suffers from a severe lack of experiential diversity and is redesigned in this thesis to explore how experiential diversity can enhance greenway design using choreographic dance principles. Many dance principles can be applied to design. By approaching park design as a choreographer of dance, a designer can focus on the human experiences –how materiality and the environment influence movement, senses, and emotions. This thesis demonstrates how dance can be successfully translated into the landscape, and how choreographic dance principles are helpful tools for creating a diverse and engaging landscape composition.

Matthew Zerfas

REGENERATIVE STORMWATER CONVEYANCE: TECHNIQUES TO WATERSHED STEWARDSHIP & TURNING STORMWATER LIABILITIES INTO AMENITIES

Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance (RSC) is a moderately new best management practice primarily implemented in the mid-Atlantic region. This thesis documents the proposed design of an RSC at Parkdale High School in the Washington D.C. metropolitan region. A degraded channel with incised banks between 9 to 12 feet in height was found on site. This stormwater channel runs for 160 feet and has a contributing catchment of 17.2 acres. The proposed RSC was designed to stabilize the channel banks, and create a stable channel profile. The runoff storage volume was calculated to be 4523.1 ft3 total which would treat a runoff volume of 0.24”. This equates to 32% TN, 37% TP and 40% TSS removal. The design provides a viewing area with a photo point and bank pin that would provide an opportunity for students and teachers to assist in visually documenting sediment deposition and geomorphological changes that may occur.

Joshua Franklin

TRANSFORMING ECOLOGICALLY DEFICIENT ROADSIDE GREENSPACE INTO QUALITY POLLINATOR HABITAT

This paper discusses preeminent ecological issues attributable to human development which negatively affect pollinator population sizes and diversity, and suggests design solutions to mitigate them. Under particular scrutiny is the perpetuation of monoculture landscapes. The problems with this ubiquitous practice include increased pesticide and herbicide use, lack of habitat and forage for pollinators, and reduced soil quality. In an effort to attenuate these threats, this thesis proposes two redesigns of University of Maryland campus lawn spaces into designed native plant communities. In these designs, native plants have been arranged in ways that reduce maintenance and provide ecological benefits by considering the unique roles each of them fill in their natural environment. Other strategies, such as defining borders around the habitat and placing smaller plants near the edges, were also implemented in order to positively influence the public’s view of these more naturalized designed systems and encourage adoption.

Avantika Dalal

DESIGNING NEIGHBORHOODS FOR ACTIVE LIVING: THROUGH TRAIL AND TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT

Trail and Transit Oriented Development is a new neighborhood planning and design concept. Trail and transit-oriented developments are high-density, mixed-use communities around public transit stations connected by trails (off-road shared use paths) and a dense network of pedestrian-friendly streets. This concept addresses the lack of pedestrian and bike-friendly design often characterized by suburban sprawl and the resultant lack of physical activity characterized by Americans. Car dependent suburban development promotes sedentary lifestyles. On the other hand, walkable and bike-friendly communities provide opportunities for active living. Neighborhoods designed with the concept of Trail and Transit Oriented Development have a network of trails connecting public amenities, major destinations, new development, and existing neighborhoods. This research project focuses on applying trail and transit-oriented design and planning principles to the Long Branch Sector Plan. There are two proposed Purple Line light rail stops within the boundary of Long Branch Sector. The proposed design provides an increase in trail length and connectivity. It creates a built environment for active living by creating opportunities for walking and bicycling in everyday life.

Laura Robinson

THE SURVIVORS’ MONUMENT: AN EMPOWERING AND HEALING LANDSCAPE FOR SURVIVORS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE AND THEIR SUPPORTERS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

This design investigation explores the duality of landscape architecture to be both a tool for healing survivors of sexual violence and a mechanism for spreading awareness to the general population at the University of Maryland. To design the site, a literature review of healing gardens and case studies were undertaken to uncover the parameters for successfully designing with the restorative properties of nature and healing garden techniques. To understand how to apply this research to redesign the site, Morrill Quad was inventoried and analyzed. The result is a space where awareness and restorative elements are merged to promote the healing of individuals and the community. By utilizing the restorative qualities of nature with healing garden design techniques, the space creates opportunities for stress reduction and mental restoration for all users. The concept of a monument is re-imagined from one object symbolizing an event or person to an entire space representing a movement and those that support it. This monument space serves as an educational piece, a place to embody survivors’ voices, and a restorative environment for survivors and students.

Jorah Reinstein

Toward Conservation of Magnolia Bogs on Utility Rights-Of-Way: Increasing Imageability

Magnolia Bogs are a rare wetland type known only to the gravelly sands of the inner Chesapeake Bay watershed. Scattered across upland landscapes just east of the fall-line, these habitats occur where lenses of clay intersect the rolling terrain and groundwater seeps along the faces of hillsides. Most Magnolia Bogs have been lost to development, but remnant habitats have in several cases been inadvertently preserved on lands managed to support that very development – utility rights-of-way. Magnolia Bogs have become the focus of targeted conservation efforts, but despite intentions, bog remnants on rights-of-way often go unrecognized by maintenance crews and are unintentionally damaged during management procedures, particularly mowing. By adopting the perspective of a mower in the field, the patterns and forms of that experience are investigated. Cognitive mapping concepts are then applied to create suggestions for increasing the apparency of magnolia bogs to maintenance crews.

Reza Mabadi

THE CREATION, EVOLUTION , AND DEGRADATION OF THERAPEUTIC LANDSCAPE DURING THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES IN THE UNITED STATES

During the 18th and 19th centuries, planners, and medical reformists emphasized the restorative effects of natural settings in healthcare facilities. Then, in the 19th and 20th centuries, many hospitals campuses across the United States extensively applied therapeutic landscapes in their designs. While the architectural history of hospitals has been studied thoroughly, the gardens of healthcare institutions have not been independently investigated. In the 20th century, socio-cultural changes and modern technologies caused a degradation of therapeutic landscapes in hospitals. Today, new approaches to medicine and health necessitate a reexamination and reinvention of hospital landscapes in order to better align hospital atmospheres with modern healthcare goals. The goal of this dissertation research is to understand the transformation of hospital landscapes, their evolution and degradation within their socio-cultural context during the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States. This study will also addresses the broad concept of therapeutic landscapes and holistic approaches to using hospital gardens for restorative purposes. Therefore, this research aims to redefine the therapeutic landscape in healthcare facilities by proposing ideas to expand their socio – cultural capacities and extend their therapeutic properties beyond conventional practice. This research hypothesizes that throughout the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States, the therapeutic landscape in hospitals was degraded, and that the reemergence of conventional landscape practices is insufficient to address the whole healing properties of hospital sites. To achieve the stated goal, this research applied a qualitative approach through a case study method. Data collection was conducted via a triangulation strategy, and included semi- structural interviews, content analysis, and an extensive literature review. In analyzing the collected data, I used thick description, spatial-comparative analysis, and content analysis integrated into a holistic framework, in order to examine both historical and modern practices. Analysis of results concluded that throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the therapeutic hospital landscapes in the United States became degraded due to the introduction of new technologies. In addition, the reemergence of conventional landscape practices, such as small healing gardens, does not fully address the restorative potential of hospital sites. Therefore, many new possibilities need to be explored and implemented.

2016-2017 [ top ]

Renee LaGue

Wild to Wildscape: Designing the Urban Wild

Urban wasteland, terrain vague, postindustrial site, urban wild and wildscape: these are but a few of the terms describing sites which have been disturbed by humans and contain novel or spontaneous vegetation. In this thesis, I investigate the literature for examples of how designers can act upon these sites such that they provide the social, environmental, and artistic benefits of being ‘designed’ without destroying existing vegetative wildness and historical traces. I organize 35 terms into three categories describing the spaces as either negative, empty, or by vegetation type. I find that most design suggestions lie along three axes: history, vegetation, and access/interactivity, along with a general principle of ‘minimal intervention.’ Finally, I synthesize the literature review and precedents and apply what I have found to a test design site, a portion of a former railroad right of way in Alexandria, Virginia.

Charles Dylan Reilly

Walk Along the River: Community Design Process for the Norton Riverwalk

The City of Norton, nestled in Southwest Virginia’s coal country, has a proposed 2-mile Riverwalk running along the Guest River and connecting to an existing Safe Routes to School sidewalk. The designer employed informal interviews, a design charrette, and formal presentations during the summer of 2016 to better understand the challenges and opportunities for the Riverwalk. Design ideas from the community engagement process were triangulated and compared against the site analysis, to better understand which ideas had the most support and were feasible. The resulting design from this process focused on improving pedestrian connectivity; improving quality of life for residents and attracting visitors; and telling Norton’s history, from towering chestnuts to coal mining. The community engagement process reached about 145 people and produced media buzz for the project with four front-page articles in local and regional newspapers. The charrette brought residents from diverse perspectives to the design table.

Transforming Vacant Land: A Green Infrastructure Master Plan for the Neighborhood of Druid Heights, Baltimore

Vacant properties often become an invitation for crime, dumping, and other unwanted activities and are associated with lower property values; increased municipal costs; and poorer health outcomes. However, vacancy can be viewed as an asset for the community and an opportunity for productive reuse. Well-maintained urban green spaces can reduce crime, strengthen social ties, and improve physical and mental health. The green infrastructure master plan for the neighborhood of Druid Heights is a response to findings from the site inventory and analysis and the community and stakeholder engagement process, which indicate a lack of recreational and natural amenities, poor public health outcomes, and high crime rates. By improving access to recreational and natural amenities and creating a connected series of green spaces, the design of this thesis addresses the high vacancy rate of Druid Heights and promotes recreation and social interaction to improve the public health outcomes of neighborhood residents.

Katelin Posthuma

Kintsugi: A New Framework For Post-Industrial Transformation

This thesis uses the Morse Chain factory in Ithaca, New York as a testing ground for the development and exploration of the kintsugi framework as a method for transformation of large-scale postindustrial sites. Deindustrialization has had a profoundly destabilizing effect on many communities that were depended on industry. Abandoned industrial facilities are one of the primary visual markers of deindustrialization. Landscape architects employ two strategies for reclaiming these spaces - the conceal/camouflage approach or the reveal/reinterpret approach. These two approaches are typically presented in opposition to each other, which limits the design potential of these sites The kintsugi framework blends these two operating modes, creating an exciting and interesting operating field for the transformation of post-industrial sites. Based on the traditional Japanese method of repairing broken pottery with gold inlay. This technique incorporates damage as the central element for metamorphosis and change.

2015-2016 [ top ]

Nathan Allen

Mowing To Growing: Transforming A Municipal Golf Course to Urban Agriculture In Baltimore City

This thesis demonstrates how landscape architects can transform underused golf course facilities located within cities for urban agriculture (UA). In the last decade more than 1000 golf courses have closed in the United States. Municipal golf courses represent some of the largest pieces of open space in cities and because of their inherent infrastructure they can provide the ideal location to support large-scale UA. In Southwest Baltimore large food deserts are a serious health concern and represent a lack of access to healthy food options for residents. Carroll Urban Agriculture Park is a design response resulting from a detailed analysis of the existing Carroll Park Golf Course and the surrounding community of Southwest Baltimore. The design will create an urban farm in a park-like setting to provide readily accessible healthy food options and various educational opportunities, and to support current and future urban agriculture related businesses in Baltimore.

Kathleen Hayes

Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance: Design Implications Of An Urban Case Demonstration in Baltimore, Maryland

This research-design thesis explores the implementation of Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance (RSC) as a retrofit of an existing impervious drainage system in a small catchment in the degraded Jones Falls watershed in Baltimore City. An introduction to RSC is provided, placing its development within a theoretical context of novel ecosystems, biomimicry and Nassauer and Opdam’s (2008) model of landscape innovation. The case site is in Baltimore’s Hampden neighborhood on City-owned land adjacent to rowhomes, open space and an access point to a popular wooded trail along a local stream. The design proposal employs RSC to retrofit an ill-performing stormwater system, simultaneously providing a range of ecological, social and economic services; water quantity, water quality and economic performance of the proposed RSC are quantified. While the proposed design is site-specific the model is adaptable for retrofitting other small-scale impervious drainage systems, providing a strategic tool in addressing Baltimore City’s stormwater challenges.

A More Complete Street A Street For Everyone To Enjoy, North East Street, Frederick, Maryland - A Design Investigation Of Different Street Design Theories

This design-research thesis suggests that the improvement of North East Street performances by using Complete Streets, Green Street, Place Making and Context Sensitive Solution principles and practices. Heavily used by a variety of users, often conflicting with one another, University of Maryland Campus Drive would benefit from a major planning and design amelioration to meet the increasing demands of serving as a city main street. The goal of this thesis project is to prioritize the benefits for pedestrians in the right-of-way and improve the pedestrian experience. This goal also responds to the recent North East Street Extension Phrase I of economic renaissances. The goal of this design-research thesis will be achieved focusing on four aspects. First, the plans and designs will suggest to building mixed use blocks, increase the diversity of street economic types and convenience of people’s living. Second, design and plans will propose bike lanes, separate driving lanes from sidewalks and bike lanes by street tree planters, and narrow driving lanes to reduce vehicular traffic volume and speed in order to reduce pedestrian and vehicle conflicts. Third, plans and designs will introduce bioswales, living walls and raingardens to treat and reuse rain water. Finally, the plans and designs will seek to preserve local culture and history by adding murals and farmers market. The outcome of the design-research thesis project is expected to serve as an example of implementing Complete Streets, Green Street, Place Making and Context Sensitive Solution principles and practices in urban landscape, where transportation, environment and social needs interact with each other.

Amina Mohamed

Shifting Scales, Adjusting Lenses: A Framework For Investigating Baltimore's Urban Vacancy

This thesis addresses contemporary gaps of vacancy within literature by using qualitative and quantitative methods and tools to determine the quantity, location, and interspatial relationships of vacant buildings and lots located in Baltimore Maryland. Spatial analyses were conducted to answer three questions of vacancy: 1) how many vacant lots and buildings exist, 2) whether there are spatial patterns of vacancy, such as clustering around geographic locations or within watersheds, and 3) how to prioritize intervention opportunities that respond to the city's larger issues? Using the city’s vacant lot and building data-sets, two concepts emerged from these investigations. First, Utilized Landscapes as a classification system that identifies lands that serve a function but have un-traditional qualities that make them susceptible to being labeled “vacant.” Second, the development of Transitional Zones, geographical areas with a high density of vacant buildings or lots that should be prioritized.

George Sorvalis

Maximizing Landscape Performance At Advetist Hospital: Healing The People, Healing Sligo Creek

This paper answers the question of whether a design intervention on Washington Adventist Hospital’s Takoma Park campus can combine stormwater Best Management Practices with outdoor healing spaces, to improve the health of the local creek (Sligo Creek) while creating a restorative environment for the hospital community. To improve the health of Sligo Creek, a campus-wide stormwater analysis was undertaken, in addition to an intervention-site-specific stormwater analysis, and a literature review of stormwater best management practices. To create a restorative environment, a literature review of healing gardens was undertaken, in addition to a campus-wide site analysis, to uncover the most ideally suited site to create a restorative environment.

Nicholas Yoder

Changing Course: Repurposing Golf Ladrum ndscapes for Wildlife Habitat and Recreation

2014-2015 [ top ].

Robyn Edwards

Choice Experiments and Design Decision-Making

Jonathan Gemmell

Rethinking Playgrounds: A Design Investigation of Playscape Theory

This thesis studies how playscapes and nature play offer alternatives to traditional playground designs by encouraging multiple facets of childhood development. Playscapes promote play spaces that integrate physical, mental, and educational features. Harnessing the malleability of the natural landscape provides clear developmental advantages that surpass traditional structure-based playground design and provide opportunities for building environmental literacy. After combining research with feedback taken from site users, a design will be proposed for the exterior of Riverdale Elementary School, in Riverdale Maryland. Anacostia Watershed Society has received a grant for implementing stormwater controls and improving the quality of the nearby Wells Run stream. The design of this project will show how it will be possible to combine playscape, nature play, and environmental literacy goals with stormwater storage and treatment to transform the school's environment.

Harris Trobman

ENGAGING CHILDREN IN HAITI: UTILIZING FOUND MATERIALS AND PROVEN TECHNIQUES TO GROW FOOD AND FILTER WATER

The focus of this thesis is the design and implementation of a community health project at a new school campus for 600 students in St. Louis Du Norde, Haiti. The design harvests and filters rainwater to drinking water standards, grows nutritional vegetable crops on secure rooftops, creates social space, and recycles old tires, plastic bottles and rice sacks that otherwise pose a massive solid waste problem in Haiti. The processes are also taught to the students so they can take and use the planters at home. The materials for building the growing containers and the growing media are all free and made from local wastes (tires, plastic bottles, rice sacks, manure, soil etc.). They are easy to build and free to construct making them accessible to even to the poorest and neediest families in Haiti. The idea is to develop easily replicable and desirable solutions to the basic health needs.

2013-2014 [ top ]

Nancy Britt

Greenway as the Framework for Community Design on the Patapsco River Valley

By the nature of their shared locality, greenway corridors and the communities along them share a unique set of socio-cultural and ecological resources that are rooted in the greenway's landscape form and character. When unified, greenways and surrounding communities foster a sense place that is deeply site specific. This thesis explores the unique characteristics of greenway landscapes, using them as a basis for formulating cohesive design criteria for creating vibrant greenway-adjacent communities. These criteria offer solutions for balancing growth and conservation strategies to guide community design within the framework of the greenway, achieve community and greenway sustainability, and support the integrity of the landscape. Using a site along Maryland's Patapsco River Valley, this thesis demonstrates how these criteria can work towards achieving an ideal community form where design highlights unique site features to create awareness of and support for the greenway context.

Shoshanah Haberman

The Micro -Landscape Modular Urban Apartment Gardens

Paul Jester

Shifting Gears: Exploring Parametric Design to Renovate an Urban Waterfront

A powerful tool currently being used by architects and planners, parametric design has yet to be embraced by landscape architects. Through research and design, this thesis seeks to answer two questions: what is parametric design and how can it benefit the field of landscape architecture? Looking at historical and present-day sources, the evolution of computer aided design has been drawn out leading to the emergence of parametric design. An explanation and analysis of parametric tools, including a series of case studies, has been conducted to show how these tools are presently being utilized by designers. Utilizing parametric methods and tools, a design proposal was created to renovate a waterfront site in Baltimore, MD that focused on highlighting the city history and promoting health for the local residents and inner harbor.

Operation Market Garden: Establishing a Sustainable Food System in West Baltimore's Poppleton Neighborhood

Food deserts and food insecurity are public health concerns, associated with negative health outcomes for children and adults and connected to poverty, racial disparities, and other social inequalities. Urban agriculture offers one solution to the food accessibility issues in West Baltimore. Besides the initial purpose of food production, urban agriculture can play an important role in contributing at varying scales to the social interactions and economic viability of communities. These multifunctional landscapes can be used as design solutions for challenges posed by urban development. This thesis explores the roles that landscape architecture and urban agriculture can play in improving food environments for schools, families, and communities located in urban food deserts. This investigation examines urban agricultural planning strategies that address food accessibility issues and yield fresh produce, while also providing valuable public open space for community members. This project applies these strategies to the West Baltimore neighborhood of Poppleton to offer a critique of proposed urban agriculture solutions.

Adriana Mendoza

Anacostia: Community As Form

The essence of this thesis is to explore what form public art takes on in order to visualize Anacostia's community identity during the urban revitalization of the neighborhood. The current small and large-scale revitalization efforts by the City (Washington D.C.) are showing change in both the physical and social fabric of the community and neighborhood. As a predominantly African American community that has faced disinvestment and injustices--socially, economically, and politically--many residents are concerned that these City efforts will physically displace them, as well as the collective memory of the community. This thesis seeks to transform a vacant lot, slated for development, into a temporary, transient, multi-functional public art design for engaging the community in the process of exploration and expression of their community identity. Public art is used as a strategy to provide a platform for residents to effectively become present, visible and audible at a time when many residents feel as though they are not part of Anacostia's future.

Joshua Silverstein

Parchment to Touchscreen: Landscape Journey and Experience for 21st Century Learning

Experiences of landscape journey are informed and mitigated by modalities of place-based practices. Historically, documentation and transmission of landscape knowledge was limited to narratives of those with power and influence. Today, the democratization of power and decentralization of knowledge, particularly as affected by technology, are projected to affect powerful changes for our future. This project creates innovation in place-based learning through an interdisciplinary approach combining landscape design for outdoor learning environments with collaborative curriculum development. Educators from Gesher Jewish Day School in Fairfax, VA were involved in this collaboration that has yielded an exciting, fresh approach to engaging student relationships to landscape. Students connect to narratives of landscape journey and experience in Jewish tradition while engaging in guided personal explorations of place. In the process, new wisdom, the "Torah of Place," is generated, documented and transmitted through both traditional sense-of-place activities and pedagogies integrating modern mobile technology such as smartphones and tablets.

Elisabeth Walker

Exploring Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Sustainability. How Cultural and Social Factors Inform a Sustainable Redesign of Whitmore Park (Annapolis, MD).

Even though sustainability is defined by four parameters - ecological, economic, social and cultural, sustainable design is essentially reduced to ecological and economic aspects (Nadenicek et al., 2000). That narrowed focus ignores those, on whom sustainable development depends on: people and their physical manifestation, culture. Sustainable design depends on both economic and ecological health, cultural vitality (Lister, 2007) and stewardship. When sustainable development does not encourage stewardship, it is prone to fail in the long term (Nassauer, 2011). This design-research thesis focuses on the socio-cultural aspects of sustainable design and the role of participatory engagement in identifying the social and cultural layers of Whitmore Park. It explores how cultural and social factors can inform a sustainable redesign of the neglected 0.7-acre Whitmore Park in Annapolis, MD. The project also helps the community to save the park´s existence through creating a common, sustainable long-term vision for it. In order to create that vision, the designer used various community engagement methods to reconnect the communities to their plaza, and to explore socio-cultural sustainable design approaches. The park´s new aesthetics, functions and programming are driven by the results of the community engagements, as well as the SITEs (Sustainable Sites Initiative) design recommendations. The citizens´ involvement, as well as the socio-culturally sensitive and aesthetically pleasing design will foster a sense of community, and pride, which are important conditions for stewardship and therefore, sustainable development.

Travis Wierengo

REVIVAL THROUGH RESILIENCE: Small Craft Harbor Design within a Coastal Urban Community

Coastal communities along the Mid-Atlantic shoreline are facing difficult decisions moving forward into the 21st Century. The Rockaway Peninsula exemplifies many issues urban coastlines are facing. Environmental degradation, historic urban infill and development, a stagnant economy, and aging infrastructure, are only a few dilemmas communities along the Rockaway Peninsula are dealing with in the wake of the most current natural disaster that has left many questioning the future development of the area. This thesis explores what roles a Small Craft Harbor (SCH) could function as within an urban setting along the Atlantic coastline. The project will offer suggestions as to how programmatic elements within SCH development along the back bay shoreline of the Rockaway Peninsula, could serve to protect and enhance not only the human communities residing on the peninsula, but ecological systems fighting for survival within the back bay waters of the Jamaica Bay.

2012-2013 [ top ]

Risa Abraham

Revealing Risk & Redefining Development: Exploring Hurricane Impact on St. Croix, USVI

This thesis explores the direct and indirect role of landscape architecture in disaster risk reduction specifically focusing on designing and managing natural resources such as sun, wind and water as well as allocating infrastructure to improve the power and transportation system on the public, private and regulatory levels that can prove to endure the impact of a hurricane and promote a "culture of prevention." Every year a significant amount of damage is cause by natural disasters throughout the whole world. This highlighted the importance of mitigating the adverse impacts of disasters through the process of disaster risk reduction. The architecture, landscape architecture and urban design disciplines and the construction industry have a strong relationship with disaster management and therefore provide a high need in identifying how landscape architecture can contribute towards disaster risk reduction. This thesis focuses on the role of the design and construction industry, specifically the landscape architecture profession, in disaster risk reduction. A two-step approach was formalized to develop an understanding and to produce a design proposal based on the practice and theories of landscape architecture. The first step explores the definition of disasters and risk and provides a comprehensive literature review on disaster mitigation. The second step includes the systematic development and application of these policies, strategies and practices to limit or avoid the effects of hazards in the form of a three-tiered detailed design and mitigation plan. The findings from both steps will be applied to re-design the town of Christiansted, St. Croix, in the United States Virgin Islands.

Sarah Capps Ashmun

Healing Invisible Wounds: Landscapes for Wounded Warriors Suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Characterized by pervasive symptoms of intrusion, numbing, and hyperarousal, coping with PTSD can be a tenacious and lifelong challenge for sufferers (Cahill and Foa 2010). Given the recent surge of war veterans resulting from Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom with a high prevalence of PTSD, landscapes may provide a free and accessible means for veterans to successfully cope with their PTSD symptoms and seek treatment. The intention of this project is to merge holistic therapies for PTSD with successful landscapes for trauma patients into the creation of adaptable design principles. Guiding Principles for PTSD will be incorporated into the design of a Healing Woodland for wounded warriors at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, while also providing potential solutions for other sites aiming to incorporate holistic therapies for PTSD into the landscape.

Matthew Busa

Designing for the Shrinking City: Re-imagining Burke Lakefront Airport in Cleveland, OH

Like many post-industrial cities in the Midwestern United States, Cleveland is shrinking. A decline in its manufacturing-based economy in the late 20th century has led to unemployment and outmigration, eroding the quality of life and economic stability of inner city neighborhoods. Traditional planning strategies that rely heavily on growth as a means of addressing shrinking city problems have proven to be somewhat ineffective. This thesis explores an alternative planning approach suggesting that Cleveland might successfully shrink into an archipelago of small, sustainable neighborhood islands while failed neighborhoods would be converted to productive "green belts". This project applies this approach to the site of an under-utilized municipal airport, proposing a new design that enhances the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of Downtown Cleveland. Specifically, the design solution promotes transit-oriented development, connects existing neighborhoods to the waterfront, cleans polluted water, and re-uses dredge material to create a recreational and ecological landscape.

Emilie Carroll Carter

Designing for Interpretive Signage: Best Practices for Increasing Attraction Power

Interpretive signage, murals, and art installations are an important element of passive outdoor education for those who do not have formal education or knowledge about how landscapes work. The inclusion of passive education in projects has become increasingly necessary as new types of green infrastructures such as rain gardens, bioswales, and floating wetlands, are introduced to the landscape. Landscape architects can contribute to educational efforts by including interpretive signage on a site. While this practice is being implemented among many sites around the United States, it is unclear how effective these installations are in educating the public - specifically adults. This thesis project takes an in-depth look at the effectiveness of interpretive signage located around low-impact design elements and proposes a set of best practices for designing sites with interpretive signage. To support the best practices, data is being collected at two sites with methods that include surveying site occupants, field observation of occupant interactions with signage, and interviews with project designers. Initial data analysis from the pilot study shows that interpretive signage does positively affect people's views on environmentally sensitive design, but a variety of factors such as signage location and visibility of installation can affect the percentage of people who read signage.

COMPLETE STREETS CODE FOR ROADWAY FACILITY IMPROVEMENT IN COLLEGE PARK CAMPUS, THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND - A CONTEXT-SENSITIVE APPROACH

This design-research thesis suggests that the improvement of campus roadway facilities using Complete Streets principle and practices can enhance the overall pedestrian experience. Campus Drive, one of the main arterials in the College Park campus of the University of Maryland, will be used as a case study. Heavily used by a variety of users, often conflicting with one another, University of Maryland Campus Drive would benefit from a major planning and design amelioration to meet the increasing demands of serving as a university main street. The goal of this thesis project is to prioritize the benefits for pedestrians in the right-of-way and improve the pedestrian experience on campus. This goal also responds to the recent Facilities Master Plan vision of building a more walkable campus. The goal of this design-research thesis will be achieved focusing on four aspects. First, design and plans will discourage cut-through driving to reduce vehicular traffic volume on Campus Drive in order to reduce pedestrian and vehicle conflicts. Second, plans and designs will clarify cyclists' use of the right-of-way and create a built environment that will reduce and hopefully eliminate current riding on pedestrian sidewalk. Third, the case study seeks to improve public transit facilities on Campus Drive to better serve users of which the majorities travel as pedestrians on campus. Finally, the case study seeks to improve pedestrian facilities to enhance pedestrian connectivity, accessibility, and overall experience on University of Maryland Campus Drive. Campus Drive roadway facilities will be inventoried. Roadway segments typologies will be identified and classified. A toolkit, road improvement design interventions, will be developed based on this classification. An improved master plan will be developed utilizing the toolkit while considering the specific site context around specific segments and the overall functions carried by Campus Drive as a campus main street. Detailed plans and designs will be developed for focus areas that demonstrate the goals and objectives. The outcome of the design-research thesis project is expected to serve as an example of implementing Complete Streets principles and practices in urban commuter university campuses, where transportation needs and institutional functions interact with each other.

Laura Kendrick

The Purposeful Edge: Designing for Wildlife Along the Anacostia River

As urbanization increases, many cities will reassess their land use policies and practices to establish a balance between densification and ecological sustainability. Creating and improving urban wildlife habitat can increase biodiversity and provide places for people to experience native vegetation and animals. Among the inspiring collection of culturally significant places, Washington, DC has many small reserve parks. For wildlife habitat to be sufficient, larger tracts are often needed. This thesis project capitalizes on one such expanse along the Anacostia River by proposing the area surrounding Robert F. Kennedy stadium and its parking lots become places where habitat is integrated into the urban fabric. Integration means creating spaces where humans and wildlife coexist, each enhancing the lives of the other by their interactions. Healthy ecosystems are a piece of the sustainability puzzle, and the future of the world's cities must include the application of ecological knowledge in designing urban spaces.

A SCENARIO PLANNING APPROACH FOR SCHOOL GREEN ROOFS TO ACHIEVE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT BENEFITS: A CASE STUDY OF BRIER'S MILL RUN SUBWATERSHED

In 2010, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), a "pollution diet", for the Chesapeake Bay watershed for six states (New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia) and the District of Columbia. The EPA required responsible agencies to develop statewide Phase I Watershed Implementation Plans (WIPs) to support the implementation for TMDLs. Previous planning efforts included the development of Subwatershed Action Plans (SWAPs), which provided a baseline of conditions, proposed tools for achieving TMDL reductions and visions for the subwatersheds. In 2012, the Phase II WIP process was developed to refine Phase I plans at the county level, including more local details about a variety of green infrastructure interventions to optimize nutrient and sediment load reductions. While green roofs were considered an important tool in the SWAP plans, they were not included in Prince George's County's Phase II WIP plans. Recently, Prince George's County has implemented a new green roof incentive policy. In light of this new policy, this research explores how green roofs might contribute to reducing TMDLs. The research uses Brier's Mill Run Subwatershed as a case study to demonstrate the benefits of both the incentives and the green roof as a tool in the SWAP plan. The objective of this research is first to document the specific role of green roofs in stormwater management in Brier's Mill Run Subwatershed. Secondly, the thesis provides three metrics to measure and compare the stormwater management benefits of each proposed institutional green roof in the research site. The third goal is to use a scenario approach to achieve school green roofs benefits that contribute to the stormwater management goals of the subwatershed.

Nicholas Patrick

Experiencing Temporary Artscapes

The focus of this thesis is on temporary artscapes - public installations that are originally-creative and intentionally-temporary in some way. A temporary art installation has the ability to quickly and clearly transform a place, increase our understanding and awareness of a particular site, and redefine and highlight the importance of public space. This design-research thesis proposes that temporary artscapes have the capacity to significantly alter the experience of a landscape. Through the investigation and evaluation of the theories, intentions and working methods of the artists, landscape architects, and architects involved in recent projects, this thesis explores the value of temporary artscapes in landscape-design. Two key research investigations assist this investigation. Designing the Experience explores the artistic process of designing a temporary installation, through the collaborative designing and building of a temporary art installation with a sixth-grade class at the British School of Washington. Experiencing the Design explores the experience of a temporary art installation from the perspective of the public audience, through the surveying of people during a temporary art installation in a prominent public space at the University of Maryland. The outcomes of the investigation and two research investigations determine my strategy in choosing a site within the University of Maryland campus in which to design and test a conceptual temporary artscape.

Light in the Landscape

This design-research thesis proposes the redesign of Tide Lock Park in Alexandria, Virginia as an exploration of light. By researching the cultural history of artificial lighting as well as the sculptural use of light as art, this thesis seeks to distinguish lighting design that goes beyond functional and safety concerns to include design that honors the human relationship to darkness, as well as the artistic and emotive qualities of lighting. To accomplish these goals, this thesis proposes a landscape design for Tide Lock Park which meets the City of Alexandria's objectives as described in the Waterfront Small Area Plan. The design includes three distinctive areas of light, providing visitors the opportunity to engage the night in multiple ways.

Sarah Watling

WHAT DOES THE MINE HAVE TO TELL US? ART AS A RECLAMATION STREATEGY IN THE POST-MINED LANDSCAPE OF THE OLDEST KNOWN MINE IN THE WORLD, NGWENYA MINE SWAZILAND

Swaziland's Ngwenya Mines, the oldest known mine in the world, has been a source of ochre for cultural use for over 43,000 years. Until the 20th Century, extraction at Ngwenya Mine left an imperceptible mark on the landscape until industrial technology enabled new mining practices that have dramatically and irrevocably altered this landscape. The intent of this thesis is to further the development of mine reclamation models and ultimately benefit similar sites around the world. By building on current mine reclamation strategies where Land Art is a mediator between ecology and industry, this thesis focuses on the important story Ngwenya Mine can tell. With no intervention, the conclusion will be an untreated landscape with limited potential. With creative design responses, a story of cultural and ecological integrity can persist into the future.

2011-2012 [ top ]

Michael Boeck

Reimagining the Cambridge Shoreline: Encouraging Implementation of Sustainable Shoreline Erosion Controls in Cambridge, MD

Erosion in the Chesapeake Bay area occurs naturally and unnaturally. It is a concern for property owners, environmentalists, and communities. New legislation in Maryland specifies "living shoreline" as the preferred type of erosion control. Long-term success of the legislation depends on public support. Choosing to restore degraded or structural shorelines is an expensive undertaking and arguments that rely on environmental benefits alone are insufficient. The key is to develop, design, and promote erosion control devices that meet property owner and community goals. This research-design thesis asks the following question: As `living shorelines' become the preferred method of shoreline erosion control in the Chesapeake Bay, how can these shorelines be designed to meet the goals of property owners and residents, while being environmentally sensitive? The author argues that shoreline designers must integrate human dimensions research as well as scientific research into their designs in order to encourage widespread implementation.

Zoe Clarkwest

COMMUNITY BASED APPROACHES TO STORMWATER DESIGN IN A BALTIMORE NEIGHBORHOOD

This interdisciplinary research-design thesis explores the role of resident engagement in developing a design criteria for urban stormwater runoff design solutions, urban greening, and activating public spaces in the urbanized McElderry Park neighborhood of Baltimore. Drawing upon stakeholder and resident interviews, community workshops, resident working groups, and site observations and analysis the designer developed design criteria for site interventions as well as neighborhood-wide programming elements. Residents identify jobs, safety and health as primary concerns. Beyond harvesting stormwater, site interventions must provide safety, education, entrepreneurial opportunities, exercise, etc. Building on community input, the design interventions proposed by the designer are site specific, but the intervention types are readily adaptable. The overall design process and programming strategies apply to a variety of urban sites. Given the amount of stormwater managed by the interventions, the potential jobs created by the interventions, and other benefits provided to residents, the model merits field testing at the neighborhood scale.

Allison Jensen

GREEN AND BLUE SCHOOLS: THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE RAINWATER DESIGN AT GEORGETOWN VISITATION PREPARATORY SCHOOL IN GEORGETOWN, WASHINGTON DC.

The artful management of stormwater has a capability to create educational arenas by combining environmentally sensitive rainwater design with education. School settings provide great opportunities for integrating on-site stormwater treatment into many aspects of the curriculum from the sciences to the arts. Presently, urban settings have new initiatives for creating green schools, which covers all levels of sustainability for the campus. This research project focuses on the development of stormwater and water-related designs for Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School in Georgetown, Washington DC. The main research is an assessment of the school's existing stormwater usage and runoff and also evaluating possibilities for new stormwater management techniques to be a supplement to curriculum.

Joyce Kelley

Redefining the ORILLA: community awareness at the water's edge in Baltimore

This thesis proposes a redesign of a waterfront park in South Baltimore, Maryland. Middle Branch Park, located one mile south of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, offers a unique opportunity to restore a degraded shoreline in the context of watershed stewardship. This thesis strives to reestablish Middle Branch as a functional critical buffer within the urban fabric of Baltimore city by utilizing shoreline restoration techniques, stormwater management and floating wetlands. The issues of water quality within the Middle Branch and the surrounding area are reflected in the design decisions. The design focuses on visualizing the hydrology of water in the landscape and creates opportunities for people to be within the water-landscape. Moreover, within this design the dynamic overlap of water and land is used as design tool to interconnect education, health and community within the new park design.

Kory Kreiseder

Addressing New Stormwater Policies in the Redesign of the National Grove of State Trees at the United States National Arboretum

The National Grove of State Trees at the United States National Arboretum is in need of redesign to meet ecological and social needs. The Grove serves as a scientific and cultural landscape and can be repurposed to serve the public as an ecological demonstration for contemporary environmental issues. In an intensive effort to clean up the local rivers of the District of Columbia and the Chesapeake Bay, the two agencies of the District Department of the Environment and DC Water have enacted stormwater runoff fees, based on impervious surface fees, on all property owners located in the District of Columbia. The redesign of the Grove is compounded by the Arboretum's need to add more parking to the area where the Grove is currently located. The objective of this thesis is to reimagine the design and interpretation of the Grove as well as address the impervious area charge assessments.

Rosamaria Mora Montenegro

"PUERTAS": THE MEANING OF GATEWAYS AND A DESIGN PROPOSAL FOR THEIR INTERPRETATION IN CASCO ANTIGUO, PANAMA

"Puertas", translated as portals or gateways, give residents and visitors the first visual images of the city. Their importance depends in the way they connect two areas, as well as in the way they give identity to the city as a whole. With the expansion of the city, the Historic District of Panama (Casco Antiguo) lost part of its defensive wall and its two original city entrances: Puerta de Tierra (Land Gateway) and Puerta de Mar (Water Gateway).When these elements were destroyed, the city lost part of its physical boundaries and part of its identity as a fortified colonial settlement. This thesis is a historical and design investigation into the role of city entrances and how their interpretation in Casco Antiguo can improve the visitor's experience. The reinterpretation of these entrances will also mark the boundaries of the Historic District that function as meaningful links between Casco Antiguo and its surrounding areas.

Kimberly Moyer

Wildness as Infrastructure

An interesting line of tension happens when wildness is physically juxtaposed with order. This tension is an emblematic feature of the urban wildscape. This research/design thesis explores ways to inject qualities of wildness into the urban environment where order, functionality, and safety are a necessary part of the landscape. The exploration is primarily focused on aesthetics; the full engagement of the senses in the perception of the environment. Nevertheless, the sustainability of urban wildscapes has important implications for its survivability. With appropriate research and design, a degraded urban landscape can be transformed into a minimal maintenance wildscape. The goal of this project is to identify design parameters and apply them to a specific place: Baltimore's "Highway to Nowhere" with designed acts of intervention and a restrained approach to maintenance. The intent of these interventions is to encourage a predictable succession of urban wildlife habitats with varying levels of human presence.

Chris Myers

DESIGNING FOR BIODIVERSITY TO INFLUENCE HABITAT ON A GREEN ROOF IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

This paper will discuss design elements to enhance pollinator and avian diversity on a green roof in the District of Columbia. Biodiversity trends on green roofs in Canada, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and the United States are discussed. Focusing on North America, reconciliation ecology is explored through the use of case studies. The design process for designing a green roof is divided into three parts: identifying program goals, site analysis, and design concept. Design guidelines are extrapolated from conservation literature for the creation of green roofs that support pollinator and avian habitat. These "bioroofs" will be draped over the United States Coast Guard Headquarters building which will serve as a template for creating a green roof to target the least tern, the killdeer, the butterfly and the bee, in the District of Columbia.

Matthew Sickle

Nomadic Memorial: Dynamic Landscapes of Commemoration for the Civilian Public Service

This design-research thesis suggests the creation of a memorial commemorating the Civilian Public Service (CPS), a World War II era program of alternative service for conscientious objectors. Through an exploration of memorial culture, the thesis seeks to distinguish the commemoration of nonviolence from the commemoration of war and to propose a memorial that inspires its visitors to consider nonviolence and conscientious objection as positive aspects of American culture. To accomplish these goals, a memorial composed of modular commemorative elements was designed. Rearranging this kit of parts in combination with a new group of locally appropriate trees, the memorial will relocate to a different American city each year and return to Washington, D.C. every four years. With the growth of a new grove of trees and its donation to the neighborhood the memorial inhabits, the latter will draw attention to the history and the variety of services performed by the CPS.

2010-2011 [ top ]

Kameron Aroom

Riverpark: Adaptive Reuse of South Capitol Street Bridge

This thesis proposes the adaptive reuse of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge, located in Washington, D.C. into an urban park dedicated to the pedestrian experience. Also named the South Capitol Street Bridge, the bridge currently serves as the vital connection between the north and south quadrants of the District of Columbia. With plans to replace the existing bridge, and by utilizing the existing infrastructure, Riverpark will serve as the green link enhancing the pedestrian and cycling experiences between the Capitol Riverfront and Poplar Point across the Anacostia River in southeast Washington.

REINFORCING COMMUNITY: THE MEANING OF PLACE ATTACHMENT AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE REDESIGN OF LANGLEY PARK

This thesis is a design study of a residential community in Langley Park, Maryland with a diverse international population, a mix of mid-twentieth century housing stock, and a car-oriented commercial center. Langley Park will experience dramatic changes over the next ten years as the proposed transit center and light rail line is realized. The study proposes a new way for landscape architects to approach community design. It suggests that by consulting the scholarship of place attachment, designers can develop design strategies and apply them in design practice. Five strategies are proposed. Following a site analysis which identified assets and problems, the author established design objectives that would enhance the community's character and repair damage caused by a lack of connectivity. This thesis suggests designers can incorporate the concepts found in the literature of place attachment and thereby develop strategies to successfully achieve the design objectives.

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Master thesis in Landscape Architecture 2020

G A S V Æ R K

Ă˜ S T E R B R O

Ă˜ S T R E

A sustainable socialand climate change adapted city qaurter

2020 Master thesis at University of Copenhagen, 30 ECTS point

Author: Amalie Ellehøj Okkels

Faculty of Science

Submitted: 2020 - 01 - 15

Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management

Supervisor: Li Liu

Master of Science (MSc) in Landscape Architecture

Student nr: xsk875

Title: Masterplan of Østre Gasværk, a sustainable socialand climate change adapted city qaurter in Østerbro Copenhagen

- Urban Design

Amalie Ellehøj Okkels

MASTERPLAN OF ØSTRE GASVÆRK A sustainable social- and climate change adapted city qaurter in Østerbro Copenhagen

All material and photos are produced by Amalie Ellehøj Okkels unless other is stated, and all maps face north if not other is stated.

This 30 ECTS thesis is the final project of the Landscape Architecture Master program with the Urban Design spezialization at the University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science. This thesis would not have been possible without the help and support I have recieved. Thanks to my supervisor Li Liu for useful supervision, critique and inspiration. Thanks to Rambøll, especially Nichlas Claus Rasmussen for introducing me to the site, and sharing knowledge with me. Thanks to my lovely family and friends who have been very supportive. Finally I will like to thank my friends and fellow thesis-students who have contributed to a great work-environment while giving support and feedback.

Collage from the thesis proposal

This thesis takes its starting point in the local plan of Østre Gasværk, Østebro Copenhagen. Østre Gasværk used to be an industrial site, a Gas Plant. The site is contaminated, and has been left unused since the industrial activities ended 50 years ago, and the structures were torn down. Since then there has only been contemporary functions happening on the site, despite a couple of football fields that are the only longterm planned constructions.

This thesis offers an alternative masterplan that emphasizes green areas with less dense housing and improved stormwater capabilities. The current natural environment and the existing users off the site are accomondated differently than suggested in the local plan. Inspired by the original local plan and through my exploration of Østre Gasværk, the potentials and the challenges of the site unfolded, and a strategic framework and design proposal came to be. The new plan for Østre Gasværk suggested in this project, revolves around the cultural history of the site.

At present the municipality wishes to transform the area into a new neighboorhood. Different actors has given their ideas on this transformation. On March 30, 2017, The City Council of Copenhagen has approved the local plan for Østre Gasværk Kvarteret.

Traces of the Gas Plant have almost dissappeared, The proposal highlights the cultural history in combination with transforming the site into accomodating current and future needs.

The purpose of the the local plan is to make it possible to develop a new city quarter on the previous site of Østre Gasværk, together with the football fields. The fields are owned by the sport club B93.

My thesis supervisor Li Liu suggested that I work on Østre Gasværk, after discussions with Rambøll. My choice of the gaswork project was motivated by the challenges of transforming an urban site with a cultural history in combination with stormwater challenges. My focus was to create a project that has a multifunctional purpose where the different functions interact to benefit each other. The project takes advantage of my specialisation in Urban Design through my master studies, working in neighborhood and city scales, with an understanding of urban cohesion. An advantage of choosing the Ostre Gasvark site was that clear requirements and specifications were already available from the local plan.

The design satisfies the requirements of the original masterplan, while trying to preserve the existing natural and social cultural qualities. The cultural history is highlighted through shape, material and vegetation in the design proposal.

According to the local plan the area will contain public- and private housing, a nursing home, an ice rink, a common parking space and public accessible green areas.

The design cosists of three phases, which incrementally transform the site into a sustainable social- and climate change adapted city quarter called Østre Gasværk Park-Quarter(Østre Gasværk Park-kvarter).

A park and an activity loop brings coherence in the area, and new routes provide access to surrounding areas.

008 009 011

SOCIAL CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

SPECULATION

Urban analysis

ANALYSIS SUMMERY

Site analysis - historic

Site analysis - current situation

ELABORATION

Project site

Project definition

Architecture and users

Identity and landscape

IMPLEMENTATION STAREGY

NARURAL ENVIRONMENT

Connection - users of the park-city-quarter

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Terrain and soil

Leading water

Background 041

INTRODUCTION

Green areas - the park

Architecture - the city

NARURAL ENVIRONMENT 079

Cloudburst management plan of Copenhagen

Natural flow routes

Cross-sections

Cloudburst pipes

Flooding scenario

Terrain and natural flow routes

Pipe system

PROJECT SITE Gasværksgrunden located in Copenhagen - Østerbro, used to be an industrial site. The industrial activities ended 50 years ago.The site remains contaminated but several contemporary structures have been constructed. A couple of football fields are the only longterm planned constructions at the site.

Today members of a football club are the main users of the area together with the inhabitants surrounding the area, as well as the children connected to the institutions within this part of Østerbro. Other people visiting the area are users of the contemporary ice rink. Due to climate changes Copenhagen Municipality is requiring that the city will be designed towards meeting the intentions presented in Copenhagen’s Cloudburst Management Plan (publication 9, Københavns Kommune 2012). The municipality strives to develop the site of Østre Gasværk to create housing and to deal with the stormwater issues in the area, as well as offering recreational spaces.

Svanemøllen Strand

Svanemøllen st

Nordhavnstunellen

Svanemølleværket

Østre Gasværk Teatret

Århusgadekvarteret Nordhavn st

Sandkaj Brygge

Trekroner Langelinje

Copenhagen city center

Photo 1, By & Havn, 2018 9

BACKGROUND Residential buildings

THE CONTEXT In my project I work within the local plan area, but also focus on the surrounding connections.

Urbanization has increased the demand for more housing in cities.

My project attempts to accomodate requirements from the municipality shown in the local plan (Publication 1 Lokalplan, 2017) and requests made by Østerbro Lokaludvalg (Publication 5, Skitseforslag 2014).

Former industrial sites are unused spaces that can be transformed into residential areas. These areas have historical value, but also challenges. When transforming the areas the historical traces can create unique identities for the places.

PROPOSAL BY ØSTERBRO LOKALUDVALG

6,0 5,5 5,0 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0

Due to climate change, extreme weather conditions are appearing. Increased cloudburst events requires improved stormwater management, particularly surface management since it is expensive and difficult to regulate underground water management.

In 2014 before the Local plan was decided, Østerbro Lokaludvalg made a proposal for a masterplan for Østre Gasværk (Appendix 1) in collaboration with Marianne Levinsen Landskab Aps. The wish from the community is to use the site as an extension for the different institutions in the area, providing new recreational outdoor activities in an open landscape.

To mitigate climate change and lower damage a sustainable plan is needed that combines and benefits different users and the landscape. The Copenhagen municipality has planned for stormwater management projects to be incorporated in the city’s infrastructure. Within Østerbro a stormwater tunnel has been built to channel water from the surface to the sea. The stormwater tunnel is situated in Gasværksgrunden, and water from Gasværksgrunden and the surroundings can be fed to the tunnel. The munucipality is also interested in creating detention basins that can catch the water, and only slowly feed to the stormwater tunnel.

THE LOCAL PLAN The area included in the local plan is a approximately 102,750 m2. The eastern end of the site was transformed into football fields in the 1990’s, measuring approx. 51,000 m2. The western end of the site (approx. 4,000 m2) has been unused since the buildings where demolished in the 1970’s. Only a builing that used to contain a gastank reveals the history of the site. The building is now used as Østre Gasværk Theater.

THE THESIS This thesis takes its starting point in the local plan Østre Gasværk, Østerbro Copenhagen. The local plan proposes to transform the contaminated industrial site into a residential area with other urban functions, including an ice rink, more football fields, and green areas.

To create access to Østre Gasværk Kvarter by car, the local plan includes the area towards Strandboulevarden via Svendborggade. The local plan creates 39,000 m2 of residential space, a permanent ice rink (5,500 m2), shops, recreational area(1,000 m2), a promenade in the south, and a multistorey car park. Some of the current football fields will be reorganized and upgraded.

The clients for the project is the Copenhagen Municipality and the sports club B93. B93 is responsible for Svanemølle-anlægget, and the club house ‘Slottet’ is located north of Østre Gasværk.

Grænse for lokalplanområde

A park and an activity loop will connect the area, and new connections to the surrounding areas will be established.

The plan above shows the terrain and building foundation.

The residential buildings will be characterized by block buildings in U-forms of 4-8 floors. The residential space will include:

The existing terrain combinded with the degree of soil contamination has helped decide the formation of the new terrain.

SOCIAL HOUSING (Almene boliger) 7,500 m2, max 120 apartments at the same place 250 family apartments, and a nursing home.

Extremed contaminated areas will be seiled with closed hard surfaces or by adding extra soil resulting in small hills.

OWNER-OCCUPIED (Ejerboliger) 9,500 m2

Areas with little contamination stays more or less intact and low making it possible for water to flow into the bodies, and hereafter be disposed.

YOUTH HOUSING (ungdomsboliger) 3,900 m2

The water will be lead into the north of the site by raising the terrain in general, and especially under neath the ice rink, the residential buildings and the park.

NURSING HOME (plejeboliger) 9,000 m2 New apartments will have a max. size of 95 m2, and min. size of 50 m2. There will be build approx. 190 apartments in all, resulting in approx. 330 residents.

Figure 1, Lokalplan, 2017 12

PROJECT DEFINITION

The assignment is divided into six main sections: The first section introduces the thesis assignment. Second section is an urban analysis of Østre Gasværk, from a large scale to a smaller scale. The analysis includes a cloud burst plan for the area, and describes architecture and other existing elements within and surrounding the area. A more detailed analysis of the site is then provided with a social cultural aspect, with a historic presentation, and a natural environmental aspect.

The third section describes the design principles that guide the project, as well as value criteria related to the creation of a social sustainable city. The fourth section describes the proposed design through plan, section, orthoview, visualizations and diagrams.

This thesis is a proposal for Østre Gasværk, transforming the site from an abandoned industrial area into a social- and climate sustainable area called Østre Gasværk Park-Quarter.

The site will connect infrastructure and stormwater systems across parts of the city and create social cohesion between past identities, and present and future users in and around Østre Gasværk.

The place will be a public stormwater park with urban functions and residential living within.

The fifth section presents some of the steps in the implementation phase. The last section provides a summary and discussion.

METHOD This master thesis project takes its starting point in the local plan: Local plan nr. 545

My investigations led me to queston the local plan, since I felt that the place had more to offer than what could be achieved following the design in the local plan.

Østre Gasværk Kvarteret (Publication 1, Lokalplan, 2017).

While the local plan is good and offers welldesigned solutions, I felt that the spririt of the place could be emphasised more. I wanted to create more green spaces and social cohesion, in offering solutions for the water detention and the social experience across spaces.

Rambøll was asked to refine the local plan, working strictly according to the local plan, while managing the storm water requirements. In discussions with Rambøll, it was suggested that I work with certain detail areas, and focus on the water management. New aspects and ideas on the project were also welcome. Rambøll did not share their plans with me, so as not to prejudice my proposal.

In this way the local plan was my starting point, making Østre Gasværk relevant to work with, guiding what the site is today, and what it should be transformed into in the future.

Initially I followed the requirements of the local plan which includes a high area of residential space, urban functions, semi public and public green spaces, as well as a high storage capacity of detaining stormwater.

The design in the local plan meant that I was able to use it as a foundation. From there I could regulate the importance of the different areas and requirements, turning some up and others’ down.

I visited the site to better understand the strengths and waeknesses of the area, and to identify opportunities and potential challenges. The visits included notes and maesurements, photos and casual conversations with users of the site. I learned about the cultural history of the site and studyied photos of Østre Gasværk, to understand the spirit of the place.

My design has been developed through mapping, registration, notes, photos, drawings and 3D sketching. I have gained understanding of the current cultural social and natural environment, integrating culture historic elements, and working in preserving the spirit of the site.

SOCIAL CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT To understand the potentials and challenges of transforming Østre Gasværk I next provide a coarse to fine grain description of the issues:

URBAN ANALYSIS Context Reference Access to green areas Green areas in Østerbro The area surrounding Østre Gasværk

A SITE ANALYSIS - HISTORIC History of the area

Timeline of Østre Gasværk Identity

A SITE ANALYSIS CURRENT SITUATION This section focuses on two main areas: Connections 1. Social Cultural Environment 2. Natural Environment

Architecture

The analysis of both focus areas follow a coarse to fine scale analyis to identify qualities and challenges in Østre Gasværk.

URBAN ANALYSIS

1:1,000,000

Copenhagen City Hall

Østerbro is a district located in the north area of central Copenhagen. The Østre Gasværk site is located approximately 4,7 km north of Copenhagen City Hall.

ØSTRE GASVÆRK

ASSISTENT KIRKEGARDEN

Approx. 875 Ha

Approx. 10 Ha

Approx. 20 Ha.

Approx. 4.5 Ha

The population of Østerbro grew rapidly during the1850’s. It consist of several parts with variation in urban planning in relation to different periods. It is a mixed city quarter with residential living, urban functions, green areas, and characterized by its many embassies (website 1, detlillemuseum, 2019).

Østre Gasværk is approx. 102,750 m2. It is contaminated due to previous industrial activites on the site.

This is a public cemetery surrounded by a dense faubourg styled city area. The cemetary is regularly perceived as a park. The only building located in the cemetary is a church.

When considering the future of Østre Gasværk, it is important to understand the context of Østerbro.

It is planned to build between 270 and 340 apartments, a hotel, swimming pool and other recreational functions on the preindustrial island (Article 1, tv2lorry, 2019).

The above examples help build an understanding of the size of the area of Østre Gasværk in connection to the green space, and mixed-use areas, while presenting ideas of what facilities will be in Østre Gasværk in the future.

Østerbro seen from south west towards north east.

In Østerbro you find urban life and a strong commercial nerve along Østerbrogade.

BUILDING AND BUILDING STRUCTURE The carré structure dominates Østerbro. Individual neighborhoods are experienced differently and coexist due to the historical development. Some building breaks with the carré structure. Places with different urban structures in Østerbro include Brumleby,

Parken and Fælledparken are located in Østerbro and are some of the city’s most visited places. The main development of Østerbro occurred in the years that followed 1890.

Østerbro and Nordhavn seen from east towards west.

Komponistkvarteret, large residential areas at Ryvangen and the large institutional areas at the University Park, Rigshospitalet, the former Øresundshospital, and Rosenvængets Allé.

Because of the urban development in Nordhavnen it is important to support and develop railway connections to access the harbour from Østerbro.

The linked roads Dag Hammerskjolds Alle Østerbrogade - Strandvejen have since the founding of Copenhagen, been the most important connection to Nordsjælland.

Photo 1 and 2, By & Havn, 2018 21

Sv -s ane tr mø an ll de e n

Studies show that visiting green areas plays a positive role in lowering stress level, and the distance to green areas makes a difference to how often people visit these green areas.

Number of visits in green areas per week

Øs Ga tre sv ær k

Ve Cl d Ha ass ve en el

Distance to nearest green area (metres) 33 HA

The correlation between distance to green areas and the visiting-frequency.

Øs An tre læ g

en rk pa ed ll

Map of green areas, 1:35,000 Stress index

As Ki sis rk te eg ns år de n

6.35 KM Circumference

il rk pe Su

ACCESS TO GREEN AREAS The situation map shows the green/recreational areas located near Østre Gasværk. Fælledparken, Sandkaj and Søerne are the easiest accessable areas. All recreational areas are located in distance from 400 m or more.

Visits in green areas per week

The correlation between stress-index and distance to nearest green area. Low number in the stress index mean high amount of stress.

Østerbro city quarter is represented by a classic faubourg quarter with narrow streets, tall buildings, and little greenery, resulting in relative closed and dark areas.

The curve in the first diagram shows how the number of visitors decreases noticable by more than a half after a distance of between 0-400 m. Therefore it is important to create green spaces that are easily accessible for the inhabitants.

When taking a look at the map of green areas it shows that the inhabitants in Østerbro have access to green areas, such as Fælledparken, Sandkaj and Søerne. Considering Østre Gasværk would be transformed into a mainly residential area, you will need to walk 400 m before accessing a green recreative area.

To create a public green space in Østre Gasværk it is therefore essential to cover the need for green access close to the existing and future residents around and in Østre Gasværk.

Figures 2 and 3, p. 25, Hansen, K.B, 2005

GREEN AREAS IN ØSTERBRO

SVANEMØLLE STRAND

FÆLLEDPARKEN

KILDEVÆLDSPARKEN

4000 m long

6,35 km in circumference

Fælledparken is a huge park compared to the other parks in Copenhagen. The park has many big lawns in the center that allow for various activities, sport, big groups to gather and events. The paths are surrounded by big trees an offer for people the opportunity to walk, run and bike. The park has designated areas for special activites such as skating, playgrounds and pavillions.

Søerne connects some of the different cityparts in Copenhagen, which makes it attractive to follow when orienting around the city. There is limited space, which makes it crowded, but it feels bigger because of the view over the water.

Kildevældsparken is often seen with few people visiting it, which makes for a calm atmosphere. The atmosphere can be described like a village pond.

Sandkaj and Svanemølle Strand are crowded on hot summer days, offerring the opportunity to swim and enjoy the water and open horizon.

Railway buildings

When zooming into the area surrounding Østre Gasværk you see different landmarks, which work as orientation points within the area (Book 5, Lynch, K., 1960, p 9). Noticable landmarks are Svanemølle st, Svanemølle-værket, Østre Gasværk Theater and Slottet. You see these buildings when arriving by train and arriving at the roads.

Residential neighborhood

Previous Øresundshospitalet

Østre Gasværk

Modernistic block

Østre Gasværk Theater Tunnel

STRANDBOULEVAR

o ebr EJ r r V ø < N JAGT

City er >

er ent y c >

< CPH City center

Modernistick block: Up to 13 floors

Tall buildings of 8-14 floors in a modernistick block style dominate visually with their green facades. They are located in the south west corner of Østre Gasværk. The surroundings of Østre Gasværk vary with the local city areas in style and volume. The variety is greater here than many other places in Østerbro, where the general style is faubourg.

Hospital buildings: Previous Øresundshospitalet Buildings dating from 1875-1876

Svanemølle - anlægget

Faubourg : The district is in general characterized by Faubourg styled buildings.

North of Østre Gasværk the area was historically a hospital with generally yellow brick buildings. Today the buildings house a sports hall, institutions and other facilities. Running along the west part of the area are various buildings, houses, and schools. Some of these buildings dates back from the industrial era.

School buildings

Buildings around Svanemølleværket is primarily used by rowing clubs and similar activites. Plans propose transforming Svanemølleværket into a museum in the future. Hopefully this area will become a significant attraction. Today access to this area is via a tunnel and the heavy trafficked Kalkbrænderihavnsgade. A route to cross above the railway is recommended to offer a more pleasant, visual and direct route to the water front.

The part of Østerbro shown on the map is dominated by faubourg style areas. The facades are generally decorated with interesting facades, mainly in red bricks. The carré blocks are between 5-7 floors.

ØSTERBROGADE

There is several bike route possibles to the center, but fewer connections when travelling up north.

Hellerup >

Svanemølle- Svanemølle værket st

Arriving by car, bike or foot, the main road is Østerbrogade connecting Hellerup to the center. Another main road is Jagtvej connecting to Nørrebro.

Østre Gasværk Theater

Terraced house

Svanemølle st

7 min walk from Østre Gasværk is Svanemølle st., which is a big station connecting several train lines. Nørreport st is within 7 min.

Out e Øst r erb ro Inn e ØSt r erb ro

THE AREA SURROUNDING ØSTRE GASVÆRK

Bike routes Main roads Landmark Local city area

Please see photo copyright in reference 27

SITE ANALYSIS HISTORIC

Aerial photo Photo 9, kbhbilleder, 1936

HISTORY OF THE AREA

The original coastline of Øresund ran along the east side of the industrial site, and there was a harbour connected to the gas plant, where the coal was loaded directy into the coal houses. In 1897 the railway was built, and therefore the ships had to be unloaded in Nordhavn and the coal transported by train.

During the industrial era Østre Gasværk was a factory that produced gas for Copenhagen. By heating coal to high temperatures it released all the gas, and the coal turned into coke, that could be used for fuel in households’ fires.

Gas production produces a number of secondary products such as heavy metals, and therefore the production has caused significant pollution on the site. The map from around 1899 shows how circular buildings or silos containing the gastanks could be found in the industrial area in and around Gasværksgrunden.

SVANEMØLLEN The quarter is named after the mill. However the mill was later demolished.

Illustration 1, strandvejskvarteret Map 1, historiskatlas 1840 - 1899

Transformation of an previous used hospital building at Øresundshospitalet into a club house for B93. The building is called ‘Slottet’.

TIMELINE OF ØSTRE GASVÆRK

The area is used for gas production.

A building hosting a gastank is built, designed by Martin Nyrop (now Østre Gasværk Teater).

A sportclub called B93 uses the area in the north east of Østre Gasværk. The photo shows the prior board members.

The map shows that the waterfront is developed with e.g a bathhouse. In the north of Østre Gasværk, Øresunds Hospital is build.

1928 - 1945

Untill 1899

Gas production ends.

The map shows that the water on Gasværksgrunden is reclaimed, and that the harbour area is developed into a harbor for sailing boats.

1953 - 1976

Theater plays are performed in the building previous used as a gastank.

The map shows that the industrial buildings are removed with the contaminated top soil, and that the east of Østre Gasværk is turned into football fields. Water is drained under the football fields.

1980 - 2001

Map scale 1 : 27,500 made in ArcMap Please see photo reference for copyright

Only few buildings from the industrial time are left. The buildings are not well preserved. The area reveals traces of anarchy with graffiti and broken glass.

1976 1978 1979

The site is contaminated and no official functions are happening.

The map shows that today there is a contemporary ice rink in the center and a contemporary kindergarden in the south of the site.

S The photos show what used to identify the site. The buildings were primarily constructed of red- and yellow bricks.

Photo above is from 1956, and shows how the site of Østre Gasværk used to be dominated by the industrial buildings and silos.

Photos are from Københavns Stadsarkiv, 2019

W Previous Øresundshospitalet

S The buildings were characterized by a classic industrial style, and railways led wagons into the area. When figuring out how Gasværksgrunden can be transformed in the future it is useful to consider the heritage identity due to the historical develop of the site.

The photo is from 1949, and shows how the tracks follow the east of Østre Gasværk, and that tracks used to lead into the site.

Photos from Københavns Stadsarkiv , 2019

j tve Jag Contemporary kindergarden

Contemporary ice rink

Contaminated soil

Football fields

Kalkbrænderiha

SITE ANALYSIS CURRENT SITUATION

Østre Gasværk consists of a couple of football fields, and a contaminated area. On the contaminated area a contemporary ice rink and kindergarden is placed. When looking closer to this part of Østerbro you can look into the social cultural environment, such as users functions, architecture, the site history and infrastructure. 39

Aerial photo, By & Havn, 2019

(Svanemølle beach)

SVANEMØLLEN ST

Østre Gasværk is located close to public transport, 8 min from the new metro station: Poul Henningsens Plads. Bus and train connections are also easy accessible.

a. When entering from Svendborggade you have a long view into Østre Gasværk. The view ends when reaching sight of the contemporary icerink.

Via Svendborggade and Sionsgade you can enter Østre Gasværk by car. A bike path runs along the tracks and the east side of Østre Gasværk, connecting Svanemølle St with the path along the tracks all the way to Østerport st.

b. When entering Østre Gasværk from Østerbrogade via Sionsgade you see Sions Church. Johan Svendsens Vej near Sionsgade is dominated by red brick buildings in 5-7 floors.

From Østre Gasværk, to enter the harbour area by foot or bike, you need to cross the big train track terrain via a tunnel south of Østre Gasværk. From the tunnel you follow the heavily-trafficked Kalkbrænderihavnsgade. This road leads to the recreational area of Svanemølle beach.

c. The entrance when arriving to Østre Gasværk via the bike path is unwelcoming, and uneasy to access. Only people on foot can enter. The area looks unmaintained, and there is much graffiti. d. The path at Østre Gasværk is mainly gravel, but asphalted near the school and kindergarden to make it accessble for trucks to deliver goods.

POUL HENNINGSENS PLADS

Access by car

Østerbrogade

Strandboulevarden

Johan Svendsens Vej

Access by foot/bike

Map of the connection from Østre Gasværk to the surroundings 1:5000

e1 The other paths leading into Østre Gasværk in the north are less accessble, due to poor maintenance and overgrown vegetation.

f. The area outside Øster Gasværk Theater looks welcoming for visitors, but the connection to the Østre Gasværk is poor for pedestrians.

e2 Picture e2 shows how the road on the other side of the vegetation is pleasent and can potentially be better connected to Østre Gasværk.

Improving the routes from and to Østre Gasværk is recommended to encourage people into the area, and provide the opportunity to pass through the site from other city parts to the waterfront.

a UNDERSTATIONEN: Event venue

b ØSTRE GASVÆRK THEATRE

c EVENTYRØEN DAYCARE

d ØSTERBRO ICE RINK: contemporary building

e B93 TENNISHALL

f ØSTERBRO LILLESKOLE

g1 and g2 STRANDVEJSSKOLEN

h ‘SLOTTET’: Owned by club 1893

i Buildings containing business

j Diving club, Sail-/ rowingclub

k SVANEMØLLEVÆRKET b a i

ARCHITECTURE AND USERS

walking there, it was noticable how the children, especially girls, sought this place to find peace, and get away from the crowded inner yard.

The needs of existing users are important to include when designing the proposal. In this way the area will encourage urban life, and attract future residents.

The buildings that are not highlighted are mainly residential buildings. Around Østre Gasværk there are many buildings housing activities for children, and this is very visible around the site.

The buildings here are used for sports and owned by the ball club B93. The main building is Slottet, previously part of Øresundshospitalet, and now renovated into its colorful pink orange facade. The tennis hall is less noticeable with its black semireflecting facades.

WESTERN AREA

On the north border of Østre Gasværk besides Slottet, a housing community is located for vulnerable young people.

The terrain slopes heavily from Østre Gasværk down to this area, where there are buildings with different sort of business functions. The buildings orient mainly opposite from Østre Gasværk. The building in between the theater and Understationen is for supply and energy distribution.

These people are able to gaze out at Østre Gasværk across the football fields, towards Svanemølleværket, and benefit from the peaceful open area.

EASTERN AREA In the west a big school with several buildings is located. The children are, at the moment, able to watch out towards the open Østre Gasværk. When

Business and others

Buildings for sports

Buildings for water sports

Cultural activities

Institutions, schools etc

Map of buildings and users in and around Østre Gasværk 1:5000

Buildings dating back to the industrial era

Østre Gasværk, and bike/walk a long the busy road: Kalkbrænderihavnsgade. The train tracks seems like a barrier for accessing the harbour. Future plans reveal that Svanemølleværket might be transformed into a recreational area, with a potential museum and business area.

Many buildings around Østre Gasværk contain cultural offers, and the place stands out in this way, being open and mixed in functions compared to many other places in Østerbro.

Within Østre Gasværk a temporary ice rink is placed. It will be removed when the construction of the new permanent ice rink is completed.

A few buildings are preserved from the industrial era located at the edge of the site of Østre Gasværk, standing as elements from the past.

HISTORICAL BUILDINGS

To get from Østre Gasværk to Svanemølle Beach by foot or bike you need to go through a tunnel south of Please see copyright for photos in reference

b4 Previous Øresundshospitalet Tennis courts

Strandvejsskolen

IDENTITY AND LANDSCAPE Area photos together with the map present the different spaces to identify those that have potential for transformation and those spaces to preserve the existing qualities.

South of the theater is a well-established entrance although it is more a pass-through rather than a place to stay or wait. In the west corner of Østre Gasværk is a P-LOT a turning place for vehicles, and a road running along the child institutions. Because of these structures, the children are met with vehicles and asphalt.

SIONSGADE is a quiet vehicle street, and because of the schools, children are active on both sides of the road. KALKBRÆNDERIHAVNSGADE is a loud, busy and wide road which is unpleasant for bikes and pedestrians.

The TENNIS COURTS are disconnected to the surroundings. It is recommended to open up to Østre Gasværk with a path, while keeping the neccesary fences around the courts.

The PREVIOUS ØRESUNDSHOSPITALET has small narrow quiet streets. It appears as a well functioning area. Determining where to connect Østre Gasværk in the north by improving the infrastructure, this area should avoid too much pass-through traffic.

a. In this place you feel far from the busy city with long views and open sky. Gravel is the main surface.

The fence around the FOOTBALL FIELDS is tall, and dividing the site. It is suggested to aim for creating softer borders.

b. Young people seek this place to get away from the city.

North of ØSTRE GASVÆRK THEATER the area is laid out with containers among other things, functioning as an unpleasant rear to the theater. West of the theater is a narrow path used by the users of the “Unit for supply and energy distribution”-building. The path is disconnected from Østre Gasværk.

c. The narrow area along the Strandvejsskolen is often used by school children. They seek this place to avoid the crowded inner yard, getting a nice view of the green vegetation and the open sky. d. This area is overgrown creating a sense of a tiny forest. There is a nice direct view from Strandvejsskolen to the forest.

It is recommended to connect the path to Østre Gasværk.

Asphalt surface

Selfgrown vegetation

Pleasent space

Path with Gravel surface

School/institution border

Unpleasent space Potential area for improving

e. Wet area overgrown with Salix.

Map characterizing pleasant- and unpleasant areas 1:5000

j. Traces in the ground show that people tend to use this route, although there is no official path, and the soil is moist and wet. There is no fence around the football fields in this area allowing by-passers.

f. Water pipe leading water to the cloudburst tunnel. g. The place has an abrupt terrain slope, and appears dark and unpleasant due to the fence. It is recommened to design for a softer edge.

k. The path is surfaced with asphalt making it userfriendly. It is mainly used by runners and dog walkers. The area feels narrow and unintersting, stuck between the tracks and the tall fence of the football fields.

h. The path here is well established with small pockets. The path abrupts towards Østre Gasværk making it a weak connection.

l. The place along Svanemølleværket is used as berths. Exisiting swimming zones in Copenhagen experience overload and therefore it is recommended to change into a swimming zone when Svanemølleværket in the future will be transformed into a recreational space.

Even though the football fields belong to Club B93, there is poor connection between the clubhouse ‘Slottet’ and the football fields. i. Nice and wellgrown one row allé of Castanea, that clarifies the border of Østre Gasværk.

Please see copyright for photos in reference

VARIOUS USERS WITHIN LIMITED SPACE

VANISHED HISTORICAL TRACES Only a few buildings dating back to the industrial era are preserved. These buildings are located on the edge of Ă˜stre GasvĂŚrk, outside the local plan area. All structures and buildings within the local plan area have been demolished, and it is therefore a challenge to highlight and reveal the history of the site.

To create an area with social cohesion it is important to plan for both the existing users and the new residents. Investors have an interest in a large amount of housing, while existing users prefer a transformation without new housing. Many new functions, for example the ice rink, will attract various visitors, and since the site is relatively small compared to the many users and wished functions, the area has to provide multifunctional spaces.

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT To understand the opportunities and challenges of transforming Østre Gasværk, the following analysis in scale from big to small is provided: COPENHAGEN Cloudburst Management Plan of Copenhagen

ØSTERBRO The cloudburst branches in catchment area Østerbro Strategy Indre Østerbro Ydre Østerbro Natural flow routes Cloudburst pipes

ØSTRE GASVÆRK Flooding scenario Terrain and natural flow routes Soil Pipe system Future

CLOUDBURST MANAGEMENT PLAN OF COPENHAGEN Cloudburst is defined as a heavy rainfall with more than 15 mm of rain falling in 30 minutes (Website 2, dingeo).

The essential cloudburst pipes will take 7-9 years to complete. To begin with, the first projects in the various water catchment areas must be able to work separately and in connection to the already existing cloudburst pipes.

Extreme rainfall and cloudburst is occurring more frequently and more strongly than before.

These projects must be merged with the urban development in Copenhagen, so that it brings new values and qualities to the city. In addition, for economic reasons, they must be started where other construction work has already commenced.

Past cases of heavy rainfall have resulted in high damage costs. In order to safeguard against future heavy rain and the damage it may cause, Copenhagen has developed a comprehensive solution in the form of a cloudburst plan to reduce damage in extreme rainfall and cloudburst.

Each of the 7 water catchment areas has their own hydraulic connection, which means that all projects in a water catchment area are a total solution and are dependent on each other. Therefore you cannot remove a project without affecting the others.

This plan consists of around 300 projects distributed across Copenhagen’s 7 water catchments. The water catchment areas are based on how the water flows on the surface during rain. The many projects will, by means of stormwater management, relieve sewerage systems and secure the housing and the urban spaces in Copenhagen.

The various cloudburst projects and their connection are based on the stormwater runoff.

This is done by combining stormwater solutions on the surface together with underground stormwater pipes. In this way you avoid that water from everyday rain and cloudburst is drained into the sewers.

The cloudburst branches act as a continuous hydraulic solution, and a cloudburst branch is the smallest hydraulic unit in which the cloudburst project can be seen.

The total solution in the water catchment areas is subdivided into what are called cloudburst branches.

There are a total of 60 cloudburst branches, which are spread over the 7 water catchment areas.

These solutions will delay and lead water to lakes and harbours. In order for this to be possible, four extra-large pipes called cloudburst tunnels must be constructed, which are essential for the water to be discharged into the harbor. One cloudburst tunnel is placed at Østre Gasværk.

The 7 water catchment areas, and the 60 cloudburst branches presented in the ‘Cloudburst Management Plan for Copenhagen’ (Publication 6, Københavns Kommune, 2015, p. 35).

(Publication 6, Københavns Kommune, 2015, p. 6-9, p. 13-14, p. 31, p. 34)

Please look for Danish cloudburst definitions in appendix 2

INDRE ØSTERBRO Strandboule -varden

Area: 191 HA Households: 20109 Risk: high Number of projects: 9

Cloudburst road Green retention roads Forsinkelsespladser Detention area Grønne veje Vegetation road Skybrudsledninger Cloudburst pipe Skybrudsveje

Forsinkelsesveje

Carl Nielsen’s Allé

STRATEGY The vision for Østerbro is to create a new green urban space and clean stormwater to the harbour.

In the catchment area Østerbro, there are 3 cloudburst branches: Ydre Østerbro, Indre Østerbro and Klosterfælleden, altogether containing 18 projects.

By completing the nine projects in the cloudburst branch, a high-risk area with 20109 households, is protected.

The water from the cloudburst branch Klosterfælleden however leads to the north part of Fælledparken.

The following are the initiatives in the cloudburst plan of Østerbro:

YDRE ØSTERBRO

Østerbro consists of two plateaus, which are connected by a slope. This means that it is relatively simple to handle rainwater in the upper and the middle section of the catchment area.

- A cloudburst pipe that collects the stormwater along Østerbrogade.

Area: 120 HA Households: 9973 Risk: high Number of projects: 11

(Publication 6, Københavns Kommune, 2015, p. 75).

The water from the catchment area Østerbro is primarily discharged into the harbour through underground pipes.

The goal for Østerbro catchment area is to create stormwater solutions, that combine surface solutions with underground pipes, creating new urban spaces that are robust to climate change.

The water is led through seven cloudburst pipes into the harbour of Copenhagen (please look at appendix 3 for further information), and does not interfere with the stormwater situation in Østre Gasværk. CLOUDBURST BRANCHES IN CATCHMENT AREA ØSTERBO

INDRE ØSTERBRO

The area south of Østre Gasværk is also managed in the Indre Østerbro cloudburst branch.

Østerbrogad

The main project in the cloudburst branch Indre Østerbro is Strandboulevarden. Strandboulevarden will be transformed into both a green retention road and a cloudburst road, that collects and delays stormwater from the area between Østerbrogade and Strandboulevarden.

Green area per inhabitant: 15.58 m2

The site of Østre Gasværk is located both in the cloudburst branch Indre Østerbro and Ydre Østerbro.

FUTURE AND CURRENT

Area: 8.74 km2.

Existing cloudburst tunnel at Østre Gasværk

FUTURE AND CURRENT SITUATION

Inhabitants: approx. 75,000 in 2015

- A cloudburst pipe from Østerbrogade to Kalkbrændihavnen, which was made in 2016.

In the lower part, the terrain slope is quite small, meaning that the water gathers here, and can easily cause flooding, if not quickly led into the harbour.

- Adjustments in the existing sewer systems - Terrain regulation

Østerbrogade and Strandboulevarden are located at the start of the lower part of the catchment area. Therefore these streets are easily flooded. The solution for Østerbro is therefore creating opportunity for directing stormwater from Østerbrogade and Strandboulevarden to the harbor.

- Cloudburst roads

The cloudburst branch Ydre Østerbro consists of 11 cloudburst projects that together form one coherent cloudburst solution for the area, shown in the map. The main structure in the cloudburst branch is the cloudburst road Østerbrogade(OS9), which combines detention cloudburst road OS10 Carl Nielsen’s Allé and the cloudburst tunnel underneath the site of Østre Gasværk.

The other projects in the cloudburst branch lead water from the upstream areas of Skt. Kjelds Plads, Tåsinge Plads and Kildevældsparken all the way down to Østerbrogade (please look at appendix 4 for further information). By completing the 11 projects in the cloudburst branch, a high-risk area with 9973 households, is protected.

(Publication 6, Københavns Kommune, 2015, p. 71). Together they form a coherent stormwater flow from Østerbrogade to the harbour of Copenhagen.

(Publication 6, Københavns Kommune, 2015, p. 73).

CLOUDBURST PIPES

The stormwater in the southern part of Ydre Østerbro flows towards Jagvej and east to Østerbrogade.

In Ydre Østerbro the common sewer catches water from Skt. Kjelds Plads kvarter and the Svanemølle area, where the water runs towards Østerbrogade.

A report proposing detailed cloudburst solutions has been made by Københavns Kommune, NIRAS A/S, Marianne Levinsen ApS, HOFOR (Publication 7, Skybrudsopland Østerbro, 2013).

The terrain at Østre Gasværk is rather flat. Because of the raised railway terrain along the east side of Østre Gasværk, the stormwater on the site flows in north east direction to the harbour .

However in case of cloudburst events the stormwater in the western area of Ydre Østerbro flows towards Kildevældssøen in the north, and follows along the orange line to the harbour.

Skt. Kjelds Kvarter

Tåsingegade

Being build Strandboulevarden

Existing cloudburst tunnel

The lines shows cloudburst pipes (publication 7, Skybrudsopland Østerbro, 2013, p 67)

Current flow paths at Ydre Østerbro. Flow paths runs from green to red. (Publication 7, Skybrudsopland Østerbro, 2013, p 36)

Blue lines: cloudburst pipes, on a daily basis they will function as a separation system for drainage of roof and pavement water. Green lines: cloudburst pipes, leading stormwater from Tåsingegade via Strandboulevarden. Dotted green line shows the green retention road/cloudburst pipe at Strandboulevarden.

CURRENT SITUATION

Previous Carl Øresundshospital Nielsens Allé

Svanemølle area Svanemølle area

The route Strandboulevarden leads the water to cloudburst pipes located in Indre Østerbro and further to the harbour, having no impact on Østre Gasværk (Publication 7, Skybrudsopland Østerbro, 2013, p 67).

Water in Østerbrogade cloudburst pipe is either led to the route Carl Nielsens Allé or the route at Strandboulevarden.

From the central part of Ydre Østerbro the stormwater flows down towards Østerbrogade, through the previous Øresundshospital to the harbour.

Previous Øresundshospital

The route Carl Nielsens Allé leads stormwater into the cloudburst tunnel located in Østre Gasværk and further to the harbour.

The water from Ydre Østerbro will be led to a cloudburst pipe underneath Østerbrogade.

(Publication 7, Skybrudsopland Østerbro, 2013, p 34-36)

Kildevældsparken

Strandboulevarden will have both a green retention road (on surface) and a cloudburst pipe(skybrudstunnelen Strandboulevarden(website 7, hofor.dk).

Ka l k - h av b r æ n d eri nen

NATURAL FLOW ROUTES

TERRAIN AND NATURAL FLOW ROUTES

FLOODING SCENARIO

Østre Gasværk is in relatively low terrain. The area north and south of Østre Gasværk is likewise relatively low. a

Bluespot 2016, 15 mm cloudburst event in 30 min.

The flooding south of Østre Gasværk will in the future be managed in the Strandboulevarden green retention and cloudburst road.

Water tends to stay on the surface in the center of Østre Gasværk where there is rather low terrain.

Østre Gasværk is highly contaminated due to the industrial activities of the gas plant (1878-1969) that used to run on the site (please see appendix 7, dingeo 2019.

The terrain rises in the west, leading stormwater from other places in Østerbro to Østre Gasværk. On the eastern border of Østre Gasværk the railway terrain rises creating a border for the stormwater to run directly to the harbour. Instead the stormwater runs in a zigzag direction north of the site.

area and connect it to the cloudburst tunnel in Østre Gasværk. (Publication 7, Skybrudsopland Østerbro, 2013, p 67)

The cloudburst event of 15 mm is chosen to show what the minimum flooding scenario looks like in the case of a cloudburst.

The soil in the western part of Østre Gasværk is more polluted than the soil in the eastern part. In the eastern part the terrain has been added with a new layer of 1 m clean soil on top of the contaminated soil. This was done in 1990’s when the football fields were constructed (Website 3, kulturarv).

The pictures shows that surface water is to be found in different places in Østre Gasværk. This existing feature is worth considering when designing the proposal for Østre Gasværk.

A critical area for flooding is the previous Øresundshospital. The solution for managing the stormwater problem is to adjust the pipes in this

The site is contaminated with BTEXs, phenols, tar, heavy metals and cyanide, threatening the groundwater.

6,5 6,0 5,5 5,0

Cloudburst tunnel

Kalkbrænderi havnen

Øs ter bro ga de

Østerb rogade

To harbour 3,5

7,0 2,0 2,5

Stra ndb oul eva rde n burst road

Strandboulevarden green retention- and cloud

ndb oule va rd en

Map 3, Bluespot 2016 1:5000 57

Natural flow route 1:5000 58

PIPE SYSTEM

CLOUDBURST TUNNEL In Østre Gasværk there is the cloudburst tunnel. It was built in 2016, and located along the north edge of Østre Gasværk with two cloudburst wells.

The common sewer system is to be found under the west side of Østre Gasværk. It means that it is possible to lead stormwater from the newly built roads in the area into the existing common sewer system.

The cloudburst tunnel leads stormwater from Ydre Østerbro, Østerbrogade, the previous Øresundshospital and Østre Gasværk into Kalkbrænderihavnen.

DRAIN Underneath the football fields in the west side of Østre Gasværk drainage is installed.

Stormwater led from Østre Gasværk into the cloudburst wells, can handle a maximum of 700 liters per second during a rain event that statistically will come once every 100 years.

The drainage in the north is rather old, not working well and should be reconstructed, the drainage in the south is rather new due to the construction of the two artificial pitches.

RAINWATER PIPE You find rainwater pipes in different places in Østre Gasværk, leading water into the cloudburst wells.

Gas pipes are also installed in this area cleaning the soil.

COMMON SEWER SYSTEM A big common sewer pipe is placed in the north of Østre Gasværk. In case of cloudburst, the first flush from roads is flowing to the common sewer pipes.

EAST The stormwater from subcatchment area east will be managed inside this area, and drained away into the cloudburst tunnel well in the east. Water will flow to the cloudburst tunnel with a speed of 100 l/s from subcatchment area east.

To manage stormwater in Previous Øresundshospital it is proposed to establish more pipes leading stormwater to the cloudburst well in Østre Gasværk(p 70, Publication 7, Københavns Kommune). Strandboulevarden will be transformed into a green retention road combined with a cloudburst road. The surface and pipe project will finish in 2021, leading stormwater to the harbour through cloudburst pipes located south of Østre Gasværk (Website 7, hofor).

WEST In subcatchment area west the water will be datained in bassins within the site of Østre Gasværk and led to the cloudburst tunnel in the west. The municipality wishes to detain the stormwater volume from Sionsgade, the buildings and the local park, which is measuring 2200 m3. Water will flow to the cloudburst tunnel with a speed of 600 l/s from subcatchment area west.

The main focus in this assignment is to manage stormwater from the subcatchment area east and west shown in the map. The subcatchment west is covering Sionsgade and the west side of Østre Gasværk. The subcatchment area east is covering the football fields.

In subcatchment area west it is required to detain 850 m3 of stormwater in the detention bassins.

The following is specified with the intention of managing a 100 year event (CDS 100 1,54 cloudburst (CDS-cloudburst in a 100-year event with a 1,4 security factor and 1,1 climate factor)).

TOTAL When measuring the subcatchment area east and west the water flow to the cloudburst tunnel will be 700 l/s. The areas of buildings, roads, bassins etc. in the local plan design can be used as estimation when comparing the detention volume in the thesis design proposal.

FUTURE SITUATION

Kalk - h av b r æ n d e nen ri

The map shows the measurements calculated in the design from the original local plan.

Previous Øresundshospital Låge til tennisbaner (låst)

700 l/s Asfalt

Sio nsg ade

114 m3 Græs

n retention- and cloudbu

Strandboulevarden gree

Strandb oulevard en

Cloudburst well

Common sewer pipe

Rainwater pipe

Well Maps are scale 1:5000

SUMMARY STORMWATER It would seem simple to lead the water to the harbour from Østre Gasværk due to the close location, but because of the raised railway terrain a cloudburst pipe has been built to lead the water to the harbour. To avoid stressing the cloudburst pipe it is necessary to make detention solutions on surfaces to regulate the water, and slowly lead it into the cloudburst wells. Based on the local plan, the site of Østre Gasværk will be transformed in a way that future functions avoid stormwater damage. The design of buildings and terrain will ensure that water is handled on the surface and led away from buildings. An existing common sewer system will catch stormwater falling on roads.

SOIL Because the site is contaminated it is important to plan in a way that contaminated soil avoids contact with groundwater. Contaminated soil shall furthermore avoid being exposed on the surface where it can cause problems to people and animals.

The multifunctional space has another benefit, which often result in an area that will be used many hours a day, instead of being limited to working hours as occurs in an exclusively residential area.

A large volume of detained water according to the Copenhagen Cloudburst Plan has to be detained at Østre Gasværk. CONTAMINATED SOIL

The area has contaminated soil that raise the risk of cancer when in direct contact with people. It is neccersary to determine a design where this is avoided, while ensuring the management of stormwater on the surface.

How can Gasværksgrunden be transformed into a well-functioning city part that respects the sites unique history and existing users while accommodating the future wishes of the municipality, dealing with the soil contamination and turning stormwater into a resource?

The stormwater will be managed in a way that avoids contact with contaminated soil. The same goes for the groundwater that needs to avoid contact with contaminated soil. VARIOUS USERS WITHIN LIMITED SPACE

ANALYSIS SUMMARY

To create an area with social cohesion it is important to plan for both the existing users and new residents. Investors have interest in a large amount of housing, while existing users prefer a transformation without new housing.

Østre Gasværk is set to be transformed, because of the request for more housing in Copenhagen, and because of the wish to build an ice rink. The vision from the municipality is to build a new housing quarter with several other urban and green functions.

Many new functions, e.g. the ice rink, will attract various visitors, and since the site is relatively small compared to the many users and wished functions, the area has to provide multifunctional spaces.

The vision from the municipality is challenged by another bigger scale vision for Copenhagen to collect stormwater at Østre Gasværk. A lot of the area is needed to solve this problem. Meanwhile these visions can conflict, because the soil in Østre Gasværk is highly contaminated.

VANISHED HISTORICAL TRACES Only a few buildings dating back to the industrial era are preserved. These buildings are located on the edge of Østre Gasværk, outside the local plan area. All structures and buildings within the local plan area have been demolished, and it is therefore a challenge to highlight and reveal the history of the site.

The municipality’s vision for many functions in Østre Gasværk, a wish for collecting stormwater from nearby areas and the soil contamination on the site are themes that need to be dealt with in the following proposal.

DESIGN PRINCIPLES When determining how to design the site, it is relevant to consider different ideas. By considering theories from urban thinkers, I have proposed some design criteria I value when trying to establish a social sustainable design.

PARK-CITY-QUARTER

GARDEN CITY

TY R C I RT E A QU

To understand what concept I wish to work towards, it is relevant to understand how a city-quarter is defined, as well as a park.

QUARTER (quarter noun (area))

PARK (noun)

‘‘ an area of a town where a particular group of people live or work or where a particular activity happens. ‘‘

‘‘ An area of land set aside for public use, as: a. A piece of land with few or no buildings within or adjoining a town, maintained for recreational and ornamental purposes.

(Website 4, dictionary.cambridge)

PARK-CITY -QUARTER

Illustration 2

b. A landscaped city square. ‘‘ Also defined as: ‘‘ ... an open square in a city, with benches, trees, etc.... ... usually laid out with walks, drives, playgrounds, etc., for public recreation ... ... a large area known for its natural scenery and preserved for public recreation by a state or national government... Sports, A stadium or an enclosed playing field: a baseball park. ‘‘

Ebenezer Howard initiated in 1898 the idea of the garden city because of his belief that overcrowding and deterioration was the main problem of the cities (Book 1, Howard, E., 1960).

Østre Gasværk, the original titles of the magnets have been adjusted from ‘town, country and town-country’ into ‘cityquarter, park and park-city-quarter’. The scale, the dense surroundings of the existing city, and the demands from the municipality is therefore the reason why the vision is to establish a park-cityquarter.

His idealised garden city was designed to house 32,000 people on a site of 2,400 ha (Book 1, Howard, E., 1960). In comparison Østre Gasværk is approx. 10 ha, and it is intended that approx. 330 people will be housed on the site.

The next page suggest and explains what criterias should be balanced into a site to create social sustainability.

Today we still have similar challenges, and so Howard’s ideas are still relevant. Due to the difference in scale of Howard’s intentions and the size of

(Website 5, yourdictionary)

Social sustainable city criterias:

< PARK

PARK- CITYQUARTER

RESIDENTIAL AREA

Public place

Mainly private place

by themselves. Permitting private gardens/ balconies allows residents to influence their outside surroundings.

As explained on the previous page, the vision is to create a park-city-quarter where the values from a park and a residential area are combined. The park is a public space that usually results in many positive factors for the users in the city as well as benefits to the climate. There is a high demand for new residential areas, and it is therefore important to build these places that are more or less private. Residential areas can be socially challenged feeling unsafe if built like a ghetto, and highrise areas can lead to little green space that is important for both climate and social sustainability.

Making spaces in the public space for semi private gardens encourages creativity and activity. In this way people are offered to work in the gaps and in the margins, also described as ‘everyday urbanism’ (Book 2, p 43 Haas, 2008). That larger spaces are zoned into smaller ones creates possibilities to seek safe-feeling spots and makes it possible to be near other people because of the visual borders. In this way you ‘shorten distances between people’ creating social cohesion (Publication 3, p 3, gehlinstitute, 2017).

< MIXED CITY

MAINTENANCE

URBAN SPRAWL

CROWDED CITY

< PUBLIC

PRIVATE/SEMI PRIVATE

When designing a new space, the users have an important role. If creating an exclusively residential area, it can become lifeless during certain hours when people travel to school, work etc. The same applies to an area exclusively for visitors, e.g. a tourist place, school area, business area etc, where people are only present during certain hours of the day, but the area is empty at night. Making the area lively during all hours, designing for a mix of users and functions. creates a sense of safety. (Book 4, Jacobs, J., 1961)

To make a model providing responsibility for the outdoor areas, the local housing community can be activated. This approach is tested out by AlmenBolig+, with the intention of making affordable housing. The intention is that all outdoor areas are maintained by the residents (Website 9, kab-bolig, 2019). This responsibility can bring closer relations between neighbours, and have a positive affect on social cohesion.

ORIENTATION

Deciding that a well functioning city quarter has mixed-use functions, among residential housing, it is relevant to determine what type of residents you want to attract. Creating many small cheap apartments can lead to crowded, poor social problemized ghettos, whereas large expensive apartments take up a lot of space, benefitting the privileged and creating sprawl. It is therefore a criteria to design for mixed housing avoiding monotomy, and improving social integration across various groups. In this way there will become a mix in low- and high income residents (Website 8, Bankrate, 2019).

To be able to orient plays an important role in good city planning. ‘‘Translated into practical planning, this emphasizes the importance of careful design of pedestrian routes where the distant destination is not in view, but where the primary direction toward the destination is maintained.’’ (Publication 4, p 45, gehlinstitute, 2017). To meet this criteria I present soft unstraight orientation lines. If the buildings are shaped round it feels softer and less of an obstacle than a sharp edge with corners. Furthermore the unstraight roads lower the speed of vehicles thereby making the traffic more safe.

When designing it is relevant to not only think about the planned design, but also about how it will be maintained over time. Creating outdoor spaces that are soley public can often become boring because the site appearance is decided far from the users. Furthermore poeple tend to care less for the responsibility of the public areas compared to what is owned

Since the unstraight roads are not the most convient for cars, hopefully less people choose to drive in the area, and instead walk or bike ride (Book 4, p 72, Gehl, J. 2011).

The vision is to transform Ă˜stre GasvĂŚrk into a well functioning city part that respects its unique history and accomodates the future wishes of the municipality together with finding solutions of the challenges. This is proposed through:

SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

CLIMATE SUSTAINABILITY

- A carefull transformation that cares for the existing qualities.

- Flexible designs that accommodates changes in weather and users needs, particular dealing with stormwater events.

- Highlighting the cultural history of the site - Connecting the fragmented city parts across the borders physically and creating a meeting point - Considering the multifunctional spaces, accommodating various interests.

PROPOSAL CONCEPT Social cohesion in combination with climate sustainability is presented in a park-quarter concept. The park will have different green areas and functions, both inside buildings and outdoor.

OFFERING A GREEN SPACE Designing a park that invites existing and new users to use the area, allowing to find different spaces that satisfy different needs.

TREATING WATER IN SYNERGY Creating possibilities for people to interactand understand the local ecosystem better. When designing, it is important to plan for no infiltration and detention, because of the contaminated soil. The water will be slowly drained to the cloudburst tunnel. Exposing the water to people, making them aware of nature while stimulating senses. The water transforms from being an issue to a resource.

CREATING COHESION Opening up the area to become a pass or gateway from one city part to another, making the city more accessable, and creating a meeting point.

IMPLEMENTING MODEST BUILDINGS

The main concept; social cohesion in combination with climate sustainability is presented and categorized by the following strategies.

Buildings behaving as element within the landscape, and not segrating spaces within the landscape. Another wish is to imitate the buildings to the surrounding buildings, and highlight the history of the place through material and shape.

These strategies introduce the idea of an park-cityquarter at Ă˜stre GasvĂŚrk.

CREATING MULTIFUNCTIONAL SPACES Intergrating existing and future users through flexible spaces, outdoor as well as indoor, exploiting posibilities in vertical and horisontal spaces.

ORTHOVIEW The proposal suggests a transformation into a park-city-quarter which is a park integrated with housing and several urban functions, both indoor and outdoor. It will be named Østre Gasværk Park-Quarter (Østre Gasværk Bypark). The space will be active, lively and offer possibilities 78

B93 club house ‘Slottet’

Recycling station

Svanemølleværket Tennis court

Basen school

Tennis hall

Stormwater drainage wells B

Lille Bjørn - youth centre

Aquarius Diving club

ACTIVITY LOOP

Kalkbrænderihavnen

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE PATH Meadow

Football access

Football Playground Strandvejsskolen - school

Bike parking

Multifunctional field

V1 Residential building

Insect hotel

Climbing area

Urban garden

Bouldering wall

Construction playground

Sionsgade Culture house Østerbro Lilleskole - school

Residential building

Basket court

A Forest V3

Urban rooftop garden Scene/ basket court

Vertical playground A´

Trampoline Recycling station

P-house Roof topurban garden

Staircase Parking lot

Understationen

New paths connect the area with the surroundings, and invite people on foot or bike to access the waterfront easier from Østerbro and the rest of Copenhagen.

Water playground

At the ground floor the buildings contain an ice rink, a culture house, shops, a kindergarden and more. On the floors above, there is varied housing, from student apartments, a nursing home, public housing and private housing. The form of the buildings is inspired by the silos that previously dominated the industrial site. Futhermore the rounded shapes of the buildings form soft edges that allow the park to appear fluent and coherent.

Eventyrøen - kidnergarden

Multifunctional lawn

The park-quater consist of several green spaces with activities that vary depending on the users and the climate. During more wet periods, water will be visible on the surface allowing children to play and learn.

Strandboulevarden 80

CROSS-SECTION

The section shown below and on the following page gives an idea of the volume of the buildings, and the various spaces created in between.

inspired by the silos that used to dominate the industrial site. Futhermore the rounded shapes of the buildings forms soft edges that allows the park to appear fluent and coherent.

The park consist of several green spaces with activities that vary depending on the users and the climate. During more wet periods water will be visible on the surface allowing children to play and learn.

New paths connect the area with the surroundings, and invite people on foot or bike to access the water front easier from Østerbro and the rest of Copenhagen. The forest is a public park where you find dense vegetation, existing trees together with added trees.

The buildings host housing, an ice rink, a culture house, shops, a kindergarden and a workshop. The form of the buildings is

SECTION A-A´ playground

elevator urban garden

basketball court

bouldering wall

recycling station

BUILDING 20 m

MULTI-STOREY CAR PARKING

clean soil contaminated soil

pibe trampoline

basket -ball court

bench road rain bed

bike parking

café/ library

PUBLIC SQAURE

FOOTBALL FIELD

SECTION B-B´

BUILDING ØSTRE GASVÆERK THEATER

BUILDING WITH YARD

rain bed recycling station

trampocafé/library line

stormwater pibe

1 : 1500 84

THE SQUARE The square will be a lively meeting point functioning as the center of the park. It is located in-between the ice rink, the football fields, the multistorey car park and the common rotunda functioning primarily as a culture house. The square is expanding on both sides of Svendborggde, and the location of the square makes it easy to access by foot, bike or vehicle.

‘Slottet’

Water channel Ice rink

THE ICE RINK Pedestrain path

Svendborggade

Some elements in the square are inspired by features in a baroc garden, to frame and highlight the importance of the place, and to welcome the users of the ice rink. The baroc gardens’ classic strict structure appears in the grid structure of the trees in front of the entrance to the ice rink.

Like the wood trunks in the Forest area, the benches around the square are formed in a simple rectangular shape, although these are made from concrete fitting into the urban context.

Football field/ multifunctional space

Detention bassin

The often used fountains in classic baroc gardens are reimagined through the water play elements appearing in the surface of the square in front of the ice rink. The water is saved during heavy rain events and can be used as installation and a playful refreshing element during warmer days. The white stepping stones in the square allow you to pass the square even though the place flows with water. People with disabilities can cross the square by walking on the path at the edge of the sunken square.

Gardens Residential building

Water stream

Access to football fields

Water bassin

During days with no rain, the square in front of the ice rink offers people to stay on the circle shaped benches surrounding the trees, or on the round shaped plateaus, all made in wood. Benches surrounding the trees also offer bike parking. The tree grates are open allowing water to run into the soil of the tree. In places with traffic running by, the grates will be sealed with metal grids, allowing water to flow into the soil without by-passers damaging the roots. GREEN AND BLUE SPACES The water canal running along the football fields, functions as a soft edge border between the road with the path and the active football area. Children can interact with the water in the canal since the contaminated soil is sealed off with a membrane. The fence prevents footballs escaping the field, and is made of poles. These can be interacted with, by, for example, tying slacklines. This type of fence makes it easy to watch people playing football.

Urban rooftop garden Culture house

Water grate

The water in the canal will often be visible, but in dry periods it will simply seem like a slope with vegetation. The same happens in the detention bassin located opposite of Svendborggade.

Tree Grate, Steel Entrance

Outdoor starircase

THE SQUARE expands on both sides of the road between the ice rink and the common rotunda.

Using the outdoor staircase following the building upwards to the roof, you find a library and conference room, student apartments, both small single ones, and some with bigger shared flats. On the roof you find a public urban garden, that can be rented for private events.

The section shows how the terrain appears at the square. In case of rain events, the water runs to the square. The stepping stones make it possible to move around on the sunken square. The water is stored and can be used for watering the trees, and for playful water installation formed as small water fountains. When these storing functions are filled up, the water will be led into a water pipe and afterwards into an open water stream.

The urban gardens will be publicly accessible, and maintained in a relation between restaurants and schools. This process will benefit both actors by creating learning for the children, and help the restaurants maintaining the gardens. In very extreme rain cases, the roads can overflow, leading water away from the buildings and football fields.

THE COMMON ROTUNDA is primarily a culture house, containing a café on the groundfloor. The groundfloor will be designed with a glass structure that results in a soft edge between indoor and outside.

The road is measuring 7,5 m, the bikelane 2 m and the footpath 2 m.

Urban roof top garden

Elevator Public roof top

Student flats

Common rotunda Student flats

Ice rink Student housing

Conference room

Tree allé of Tilia

Tree grid of Gleditsia triacanthos

Library Recycling station

Basekt court

Café Bike path

Sionsgade Water basin

Movable chairs

Østerbro Lilleskole - school

Hill Common staircase

Nature playground

FOREST PLAN Residential building

The publicly accessible forest is a space located in the south-west corner of the site. Preserved existing trees together with newly planted ones, in a reshaped terrain, covers this space, making it closed and wild – associating to a forest.

Recycling station Gravel

You are offered to use the bonfire found in the south west corner, making the area fit for small school excursions. In case of stormwater, the water flows into the detention bassins, which are dry in other periods.

A tree allé creates cover and privacy towards the small rotunda which contains residential housing. Despite limited space, the area invites many kinds of users by zoning the area with terrain levels and vegetation. Attached to the apartments you find gardens or balconies.

Path for bikes and pedestrians Detention bassin

Accessing the area from Sionsgade, you are met by a hill with a slide. Different playful elements such as movable chairs, rectangular shaped movable wood trunks and stepping stones are placed throughout the area. These elements are to be found all over Østre Gasværk Park-Quarter.

FOREST SECTION The terrain underneath the building is higher than the surroundings. This allows a bike parking system where the front wheel leans into the building facade.

The residential buildings next to the forest have gardens and balconies making it possible for residents to enjoy indoor as well as outside in a semi-private surroundings. According to Jan Gehl a building up to 5 floors makes it possible for people to interact across the different levels (please see appendix 5). The Small Rotunda is 5 floors suiting conditions for a well proportioned city.

The section shows how the forest area is filled with different possible activities. In the area next to Ă˜sterbro Lillesskole you find different playful elements making it attractive for children to use the area as an extension of the school yard, to be used during school time and after.

The allĂŠ next to the residential building provides a visual border making it comfortable for visitors and residents to stay close to each other in the same place.

The terrain elevates from contour 2,5 m to 5,0 m making the area interesting to explore. The lowest point will be filled with water during rain events, making it interesting for children. The potential filled water bassin is sealed off by a membrane from the contaminated soil making it safe for children to be exposed to soil and water.

Describing the proposal in a social cultural environment is structured through the park-city diagram.

EXISTING USERS

DOG WALKER AND RUNNER

>>

> >

P-lot, existing

CONNECTION - USERS OF THE PARK-CITY-QUARTER

DOGWALKER AND RUNNER

It is relevant to consider how the spaces close to the existing user groups function when designing the new quarter.

There will be 300 new parking spaces in Østre Gasværk park-city-quarter, 30 are found on the street, and the rest (270) will be in the multistorey parking lot built in combination with the ice rink. The street parking is mainly for residents, especially nursing home residents. There will also be possibilities for short-term parking and for goods delivery.

In the proposal the areas close to the borders of the surroundings, are green public spaces, inviting in existing users to Østre Gasværk. The diagrams show the differernt user groups primary routes.

Existing grass enforcement is to be found here, and the proposal suggest to continue this pavement onto the other side of Svendborggade (b).

EXISITING USERS BIKE AND PEDESTRIAN Underlining the border of Østre Gasværk, a steel edge will surround to show where the park-city-quarter begins and ends. The border will function as a visible border rather than a physical, meaning most places you are able to cross the edge. The edge will work as a band that varies from being a steel edge in different forms, and poles in different heights, and distance.

This group have improved access across the park-city quarter connecting Østerbrogade and Kalkbrænderihavnen. In the south west corner, a narrow path allows pedestrians to pass. Bikes will need to be pushed.

The surface of the square is covered with cobble stones, and these stones are used for edges near the water canals (d). Slightly sloped water channels run along the paths leading water into detention bassins (g).

The roads will primarily be surfaced with asphalt (a). The common multistorey parking lot is found behind the ice rink, close to the main road of the site, Svendborggade, resulting in little traffic in the area. It will cover the need for parking by residents of the nursery home and other residents, as well as the users of the ice rink.

The bike paths near the round buildings are all blue likewise the standard surface in lightcrosses, creating an urban feeling (h).

On the facades of the multistorey parking lot you find activity walls. Bouldering walls cover the facades towards the football area.

If you need to work or study there are indoor public facilities. You can utilise the library, cafe and conference room in Østre Gasværk park-city-quarter.

A path measuring 700 m is suitable for dogwalkers. Dog owners, as well as disabled and old people at the nursing home, have easy access for a walk around the park. The edge path of the park-city is 1.4 km long and suits for running.

SUMMERY The park functions as a public area offering both quiet spaces to relax, and active spaces for play and movement for children as well as adults.

SKATER Young people can journey to the east side of the park where you find the skate area, isolated from the urban gaze, or young people can hang out near the square, using, for example, the basket area (i).

RESIDENTS Residents have private green space in terms of balconies and small gardens, and easy access to the public park. The ground floor in the three silo shaped buildings house a community house, workshop, laundromat, kindergarten and supermarket, making it convenient for the residents. That residents are living in the park is making the place active all hours a day, and creating a sense of safety and excitement. Selling apartments at Østre Gasværk support the cost of establishing the park, while maintenance cost are low because residents and other actors are responsible for maintaining some of the outdoor spaces.

b. Grass reinforcement

c. Aggregate concrete

e. Cobble stone

f. Surface that resembles coal

h. Blue bike path

g. Water channel

i. Concrete

VISITORS Residents and visitors have many possibilities for meeting places, including a café, a library, a conference room, a common house and workshops, as well as the outdoor spaces in the park which work well for a stroll.

Please see photo copyright in reference

GREEN AREAS - THE PARK

Good conditions are provided to support biodiversity has good conitions, and the atmosphere has a wild, natural appearance.

g c a1 d h c

f. THE PLAIN a2

Even though the design attemps to make the users able to impact the spaces, and the area to flourish, it is important to make room for bigger activities to happen. Therefore, the plain is uninterupted by the water events, and flexible for different events and uses by childcare institutions.

During dry periods, the space can be used for, for example, picnics and dog walking. In the case of a rain event, it fills up with water. The place can be used for educational purpose where children can experience wildlife that settles here. SUMMARY

g. THE PRIVATE GARDENS

The park offers places for play, sport, yoga, bigger events, or smaller gatherings.

c. THE RAINGARDENS The raingardens appereance change according to weather. In dry periods these spaces can be used for play and rest. In wet periods the raingardens can invite for play, and the change in the garden appereance is exciting for people.

a. THE URBAN GARDENS These gardens will be maintained by private organizations, for example people connected to the restaurants or schools, thereby providing fresh grown food for the restaurants and places for children to learn about ecological growth. The plant boxes will measure 1x1 m for easy access.

d. THE GREEN ROOFS The rainwater is evaporated. In case of larger rain events the water will be catched in reservoirs and used for watering the urban gardens.

b. THE FOREST In this part many of the trees will be retained, and the forest area will have its local identity preserved. However, new paths and changes in the terrain will make it more adaptable for detaining water, and invite people for more activites.

e. THE SKATE AREA An active space for people to skate, rollerskate, use stunt scooters or simply to hang out. The place is distant located from the rest of the park, and feels like a retreat from the city’s gaze.

As the inhabitants move into Østre Gasværk park-city quarter, they will get the feeling of living in a park. They are able to use the open public park, but it will be possible to choose between private, semi private, semi public and public space.

The residents have access to private outdoor space via balconies or small front gardens. It creates safety and a constant lively environment in the park-city.

h. THE SQUARE

The park will be open for everyone, and will likely be used especially by the institutions around Østre Gasvark.

This area will be often visited, and be a meeting point between user groups.

i. THE GREEN COMMON The green common attempts to imitate the existing landscape, and is influenced by the water detention bassins that are seen at different places in the landscape. During rain events the place becomes flooded to form a lake that can be enjoyed during leisure walks. The place transforms according to the season and rain frequency. The space has high grasses, and lower ones near the paths.

THE GASVÆRKS ROTUNDIES (Gasværks-Rotunderne)

ARCHITECTURE - THE CITY

The local plan requires that approximately 48.000 m2 residential space is built. This proposal only suggests 19.894 m2, to maintain good light in the street level. There will be approx. 284 apartments if they measure 70 m2 in average. All buildings have green roofs.

The architecture is inspired by the previous silos that used to dominate the site. The three buildings will be named the Gasværk Rotundies(Gasværk-rotunderne). The buildings are mixed-use, where public facilities are mainly organized on the ground floor. The ice rink is currently being built and therefore not worked with further. There will be 4 to 6 floors.

GRAND ROTUNDA

SMALL ROTUNDA

COMMON ROTUNDA

(Store Rotunde)

(Lille Rotunde)

(Menig Rotunde)

Primary mixed residential

Primary nursing home with

Public building with 6 floors

building with 4. floors and

5 floors and a shared indoor

and an entrance via elevator

a shared inner yard with

staircase. The building

and outer staircase. The

public access. The building

measures 5,397 m2, and the

building measures 3,619

measures 10,878 m2, and the

floors contain following:

m2, and the floors contain following:

Public urban rooftoop

student flats

1./2./3. floor

3./ 4./ 5. floor

1./2. floor

residential - family floor/

nursing home

nursing home 3108 m2 pr floor

Ground floor shop/ workshop/

g2 Ground floor

kindergarden/ laundromat/

Ground floor

shop/ workshop/ office space

office space

1079 m2 pr floor

603 m2 pr floor

a. Materials that makes associations to Østre Gasværk Theater shall dominate the facades of the Gasværks Rotundies.

e. The 6 floor house is inspired by the black diamond and their café Øjeblikket. There are plenty of big windows, light and great contact between indoor and outdoor spaces.

semi private space

g. The bike racks will be different according to the location.

d. Common Rotunda is inspired by Gemini Residence that has an open common staircase space in the center.

public space

18 m distance between the buildings

c. At Østre Gasværk you will have a similar volume experience as Axel Towers because of the different towers and round shapes, that makes the urban space accessable.

f. The photos shows how the recycling station will be covered in vegetation and blend into the surroundings.

private space

b. Tietgen Student Hall is an inspiration for the Grand Rotunda. The inner yard will have public access and become a semiprivate space.

16,5 m distance between the buildings

First photo shows bike racks located up against the small gardens of the rotundas at ground level.

The second photo shows how the racks are combined with benches located at the square.

The round shape of the buildings makes the urban space connected, and each building has a special appeareance due to differences in size and height. The park-city-quarter will seem lively due to the residents, and the buildings will be experienced as part of the park.

Sections 1:1000

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

Visualization - V3 - shows how it is possible to cross the green inner yard of one of the buildings. You are able to experience green spaces whenever you move around at Østre Gasværk Park-quarter. During rain events the water lands on the green roofs. A container on the roofs collect the water to store until the vegetation needs water. In this way it is possible to water the green roofs, the gardens, the trees and other vegetation in the park. In case of extreme rain events, the water is led away from the buildings into water bassins. In this inner yard a water bassin in the center collects the water. The water is led on through the water flow system into the cloudburst tunnel, and then into Kalkbrænderihavnen.

Benches and barbeques are placed in-between the green setting. People can stay here without feeling stared at, and the vegetation absorbs sound making the place more peaceful. The round shaped buildings are built with yellow brick stones to cherish Østre Gasværk Theater and its architect, since it has been built in similar materials.

The vegetation in the inner yard provides pleasant shade inside the building, and creates privacy to the apartments caused by obstacles in looking directly through the yard into private homes.

Interaction with neighboors can be experienced in many ways through the common spaces in the ground floors and outdoor if wished. In this way the resident can change the balance between private and common according to the resident’s wishes.

Facade-shifts in the building reveals where indoor rooms start and stops. The structure will unfold a play in light and shadow changing throughout the day. Moreover the structure creates privacy for the residents, since you feel slightly more distant from your neighbour’s glance in the private sphere.

The yard changes appearance according to the weather and season, where visual water creating a pond sometimes can be experinced.

TERRAIN AND SOIL

LEADING WATER

Currently the ice rink is being built. According to the local plan the terrain in this part will be raised. Before the construction starts at the west side of the area, it is in this thesis project suggested to plant vegetation that cleans the contaminated soil. When the construction phase starts at the west side of the site, the terrain will be transformed as shown on the map above.

The western part of Østre Gasværk is not as contaminated as the eastern part. Therefore it is not neccessary to install a membrane everywhere, but only at raingarden detention basins. In case of rain events, the water will infiltrate into the clean soil. The water will not be led into the contaminated soil due to the membrane.

In the modelling process of the terrain, the 0,5 m top layer of contaminated soil will be exchanged with clean soil thereby preventing exposure of pollution to people and animals.

The future vegetation in Østre Gasværk will determine if 0,5 m clean soil is needed as the top layer, or if more is needed due to big trees, or less is needed in areas with, for example grasses.

Rain gardens, working as detention basins, will be installed using a membrane between the added clean top layer soil and the existing contaminated soil. At the eastern side of Østre Gasværk a membrane working as explained above was installed in the 90’s.

The diagram shows how the water is led from the surface to the cloudburst tunnel. Because of the contaminated soil, the site will be covered with 0,5 m of clean soil. The places where the water is to be detained before being led to the tunnel, will be sealed with a membrane layer on top of the contaminated soil and underneath the clean soil.

Most water will be detained in green areas and for the longest time. Skate, sport and other facilities with hard surfaces will detend water in extreme cloudburst cases, and car roads will detend water in even more extreme cases. The water in the cloudburst tunnel runs into the harbour.

The membrane will be installed in a way that the existing trees are preserved. The roots from new trees are able to penetrate the membrane.

Since Previous Øresundshospitalet is situated rather low and easily flooded, there will be built a little embankment to prevent the water from Østre Gasværk flowing into Previous Øresundshospitalet.

Places with hard surfaces will not need a membrane. The primary areas for detention are larger spaces used for recreational purposes.

The new design of Østre Gasværk results in a different water flow. The new flow means that the water is transformed from being an issue, that stays on the surface, into being a quality for the users of the area. The water adds an aesthetic and playfull element, and can be saved and used for dry periods.

Common sweer system

Detention bassins

Added drain

Road rainwater flow direction

Stormwater from polluted surfaces is led to the common sewer system. Because rainwater falling on roads are polluted, the existing common sewer system will serve the stormwater falling on roads. In this way the clean stormwater falling on unpolluted surfaces will stay clean, and can be led to the harbour. The existing common sewer system is located close to the new roads in Østre Gasværk, only requiring a few changes when constructing this part of Østre Gasværk.

Water flow direction Cloudburst well Cloudburst pipe

Østre Gasværk functions as one coherent cloudburst system, where stormwater from clean surfaces is led to the harbour via the cloudburst tunnel. The diagram shows the new water functions in Østre Gasværk. The stormwater flows in the direction to the detention bassins. The detention bassins will catch stormwater from buildings, green areas, paved squares and pedestrian/bike paths. The detention bassins are connected through underground rainpipes. In this way the volume in the basins can be regulated. The water will stay in the basins before being led into the cloudburst wells, and then led into the harbour.

C.a.b. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 24 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

g. e. 81 130 m2

The actual volume of the detention basin is 410 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. m.

C.c. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 2 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

g. C.h. h.248

The actual volume of the detention basin is 811,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

m2 120 m2 c.

C.d.e. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 28 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

C.a.b. 330 m2

C.i. 112 i.

C.j. k. 549

The actual volume of the detention basin is 35,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

C.f. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 0 m3, meaning no need for a basin, since the permeable soil can infiltrate the water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 3 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

Calculations has been made to determine whether the detention basins accomodate the requirements from the municipality (please see page 61) in case of a 100 year event. Østre Gasværk is divided in two main subcatchment areas: east and west, where east consists of one local subcatchment area, and west is divided further into 10 local subcatchment areas. There are 13 detention basins named from a. - m. in total at Østre Gasværk. There are 11 local subcatchment

areas named C.(c for catchment) followed by a letter(basin name as shown in the map). In east there is 1 local subcatchment area named C.m. In west there is 10 local subcatchment areas. All the basins covers an area of 5917 m2, and has a total volume of 4.905,5 m3. The total volume is calculated by using the classic volume formulas for a cube, sphere etc. The results of the classic calculated detention volume therefore is misleading not taking account of drain capacity, repetition period etc.

To investigate whether the volume of the water basins in the proposal are meeting the municipality’s requirements, I have used an excel model that calculates the minimum needed volume of each detention basin. The excel model is created ‘byspildevandskomiteen’ (Website 8 www.laridanmark.dk). Knowing the size of the detention basin area, the catchment area and the drain capacity, the model calculates what is the minimum water volume a detention basin can contain in case of a 100 year event.

C.g. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 75 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 110 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. C.h. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 21 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

The actual volume of the detention basin is 1458,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. C.i. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 5 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 69,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. C.j. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 29 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 94,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

C.k. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 85 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 274,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

EAST C.m. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 270 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 4.905,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

TOTAL CAPACITY IN ØSTRE GASVÆRK In all the area can detend 2.825,5 m3. My proposal succeeds in staying within the requirements of the municipality’s wish to detain 850 m3, making it even more robust than for a 100 year cloudburst event, and with a drain capacity within the limits required by the municipality. The results of the classic calculated detention volume is misleading, but only verifies that even more water can actually detend at Østre Gasværk. To get an exact result, engineers would need to be involved.

C.l. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 286 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 410 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

Another 2200 m3 stormwater is flowing from Sionsgade, and will be detained in basin c. and h, that are connected by pipe, and have plenty of space to detain the Sionsgade stormwater. Basin c. and h., that are connected through pipes have plenty of space left to detain stormwater from Sionsgade. Detaining the 2200 m3 from Sionsgade and the stormwater from their own local subcatchment areas, the two basins leave another 51 m3 in spare capacity.

(Please look at appendix 6 to see detailed calculations) 114

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY

These places are the first to be realised at GasvĂŚrksgrunden.

FOOTBALL FIELDS

The football fields will be one of the first projects to be implemented. The two small football fields in the north west corner are in a a lower terrain. In the case of rain events, these will be flooded and detain water. The football field parallel with the ice rink will be able to host different events, for example, markets.

By using the method phytoremediation, the suggested plants are sown on the contaminated ground at GasvĂŚrksgrunden, and absorb the contaminants into their tissues, gradually reducing the amount in the soil until it is safe for humans.

The football area will have different access areas without a port, but with an opening as shown in the diagram. The football matches can be watched from a grandstand in the north, along the sides of the fields or from the rooftop of the P-house.

ICE RINK, THE SQUARE AND SVENDBORGGADE The local plan indicates that the ice rink, will be built with a maximum of 3 floors, with a maximum height of 13 m. Administration and service functions will be on the top floor. The hall with the ice rink and the P-house will have a maximum height of 16 m excluding the fence around the basketball court this is placed on the roof.

The plants mentioned here can absorb metals like: arsenic, nickel, thallium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, zinc, lead, mercury and chromium. Eventually the soil on the site will be gently cleaned until the place is clean enough to be built on.

Thlaspi caerulescents

Iberris intermedia

Pteris vittata

Rinorea niccolifera

These projects are proposed to be added in the future.

The new infrastructure accommodates both visitors and residents of the park. You can access the park by foot, bike or vehicle.

Østre Gasværk Park will be realised in the future, edged with a steel band that is reminiscent of the train tracks that used to exist on the site, and the marine bollards that used to run along the old coast line in the east side of Gasværksgrunden. The band will vary from being a steel edge in different forms, and poles of different heights, and distance. The edge will show where the park begins and ends.

The ice rink is currently being built. However, the other buildings will be implemented together with the rest of Phase 2.

3. PHASE These project areas are proposed to be added after Phase 1 and 2 are complete.

ACTIVITY PATH

There is broken glass and graffiti, and it seems like some people use Østre Gasværk to get away from the crowded and busy city. This group of people and the youth culture can persist, being free to unfold at the skate area.

The activity path is a path following the edge of Østre Gasværk. It is route well made for runners, dog walkers or as a warm up route for athletes.

Plans suggest that Svanemølleværket may be tranformed into a recreational area.

The location of the skate landscape is close to the train, but otherwise quite isolated, which gives oportunitues to unfold without the city’s gaze. New trees will be planted, and the surface will be made pleasant for skaters to use. In the north a larger area is an actual skate park, that can collect rain water in case of bigger rain events. High grasses will follow the path which resembles the old natural coastline that used to border where the path runs today.

Circumference 1.400 m

In the north of Østre Gasværk the activity path has a little slope running besides it. During rain events, the slope will contain water leading into the stormwater wells.

The grasses will be resistant to drought and the area can lead the surface water to the skate bowl for retention before being lead to the stormwater tunnel. The grasses will have associations to the beach vegetation and highlight the history of the coastline that was located here.

A new route connecting Østre Gasværk to Svanemølleværket via a bridge will be suggested making bikes and pedestrians able to access Svanemøllestranden, Svanemølleværket and other water front areas easier and more pleasantly than the existing routes.

BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT

The possible plans of transforming Svanemølleværket and the surroundings into a recreational site with a beach, can make reference to the past time when a bath house was located where the yacht area is today. The bath house existence can be documented by the map in the timeline from page 34-35.

The municipality can benefit from the thesis, by getting new design solutions that can inspire and challenge the existing local plan. The original local plan for Østre Gasværk made it possible to implement an ice rink, residential area and a public park. The plan includes many good ideas. My proposal differs from the original plan, by attempting to highlight and emphasize the history of the site in a different way than presented in the local plan.

that a ‘’ third way’ Is emerging in real world practice that is not limited by the strictures of academic discourse. This ‘’ unbounded’’ way is propelled by environmental imperatives, the demands of communities for real participation in city-building decision-making which has spawned more creative participation approaches, and a better understanding of how cities envolve and adapt over time. (Publication 8, The Urban Design Reader. Larice, M., 2013, p 635)

The materials in the park-city-quarter associate with the industrial era, repeating elements of steel, yellow bricks and imitating the coal, presented as the black surface in the Square. WATER

BUILDINGS The thesis proposal meets all the requirements of the local plan except for the number of residential units. The consequese of more residential space in my design would result in taller rotundies when adding more floors, reaching the requirement of 48.000 m2 residential space. An example is the Small Rotunda that approx. would be 11 storey rather than 5 etc.

Since almost all traces have been deleted, I searched for inspiration in old maps. The beauty of the silos inspired me to use the shape in the new proposal of Østre Gasværk. Furthermore the round form made it possible for the park to have a good flow connecting the different areas on the site.

The buildings presented in the local plan referes to a form language connected to the fourbaurg of Østerbro. There is a clear distinguish in the outdoor spaces created by the squared structure of the buildings. Because of the location, shadow is falling onto the playground in the north. Meanwhile the playground is located in a way that it can be used as a detention bassin. Looking at this area, I struggled to find a solution to the condition of the children’s playground. The shadow of the building meant that I moved the building further to the south. The playground shifted character into a nature playground rather than an urban one. The playground concept got spread out on the site creating a long playground route rather than a specific area.

Why did I not choose to simply plan a park? In the past, the site used to contain both (industrial) landscape and buildings, and this proposal produces a similar arangement. The buildings will contain new functions, meeting the wishes of what a modern sustainable city is. During the industrial era, the train tracks that now run along Østre Gasværk used to continue into the site, connecting to the infrastructure, but were removed when the industry ended. In the same manner, you can understand the new bridge crossing the tracks as a renewed thought of today’s important infrastructure in the city, now with pedestrian and bikes in focus.

There is a vision for a new way of managing rainwater. Instead of viewing rain as a problem we have to eliminate, we chose to view the rainwater as a resource.

These thoughts are used an a vision to strive towards when transforming the project.

Creating landscaped channels in the green areas and the streets, and later discharging the water to the harbour, means that the water stays on the surface, where it cannot cause any damage.

The design proposal suggests the main structures and connections, but leaves room for people to take intiative in forming the park, both by being able to manage the private balconies and gardens, or by the urban non-residential gardeners.

SOCIAL The elements placed in the park are movable and you are able to interact with the objects and landscape that transforms over time and according to weather conditions.

The focus is regarding people, and the process and work method is adapted to answer the human needs. As the inhabitants move into Ostre Gasvark park-city quarter, they will get the feeling of living in a park. They are able to use the open public park, but it is also possible to choose between private, semi-private, semi-public and public space.

‘‘Flexibility in the play environment leads to increased flexibility in the child. The child is then better able to make use of the flexible environment... and moves closer to their developmental potential than would otherwise have been the case’’. (Litterature 2, Broadhead and Burt, 2012, p 31).

The park will be open for everyone, and will likely be used especially by the institutions around Ostre Gasvark.

This flexibility talks into a language of what stimulates children, and can be a way of creating more interesting playgrounds for children.

FLEXIBILITY ‘’ A Third way for Urban Design, ‘’ in practice ‘’ a great deal is happening ‘’ that lies between the extremes of theory. Addressing particularly the seemingly polar opposite positions taken by New Urbanism and Post Urbanism, he argues

The thesis suggest a transformation of Østre Gasværk into a sustainable social, park-cityquarter. The thesis proposal meets the requirements of the local plan, establishing an ice rink, green spaces, combined with a catchment area for stormwater detention and housing, despite the number of residential units, which could be met by adding more floors if highy necessary.

The sightline to ‘Slottet’ Club house is continued with an allé of trees and a path, highlighting this view and attaching the two areas. To point to the harbour area and Svanemølleværket a bridge is suggested, making travel on foor or bike pleasant and easy across parts of the city.

SPIRIT OF THE PLACE

To reveal traces of the spirit of the place, the buildings imitate the old silos. Around Østre Gasværk Park-Quarter there is a steel edge showing the border. The steel is a reference to the railway that used to run in the area.

The thesis proposal ensures that future residents and users, together with existing users, landscape and architecture are communicating positively and harmoniously, all actors benefitting from the transformation.

Many of the trees will be preserved, for example some of the trees within the yard of the Grand Rotunda and some trees located in the Forest.

Østre Gasværk will be a counter to the surrounding Faubourg city quarter, and work as the frames for recreational life.

FLEXIBILITY

Residential housing and other urban functions will be incorporated to accomodate the wishes of the municipality and the existing users, creating a vibrant and safe environment all hours of the day.

The proposal suggest turning the water from an issue on the site into a resource for the people.

Meanwhile the proposal meets some of the wishes of the existing users proposed by the present plan of Østerbro Lokaludvalg (Appendix 1).

The formation of the terrain tries to imitate the existing terrain, raising the terrain places with buildings. The terrain proposal looks similar to the proposal in the local plan. The intention is to seal off contaminated soil and implement membranes in places where the terrain is low.

SOCIAL - A MEETING POINT The proposal consists of a park where you within find three buildings as well as the ice rink. The three buildings contain a mix between residential living and public facilities. The park is public, but vegetation still offers privacy for the residents. In this way the area will stay lively during all hours of the day.

In case of extreme rain events, the water will be led to the low areas, overflowing roads in a last resort scenario, ensuring that water can be detended in Østre Gasværk, both for rain falling on the site and the rain in Sionsgade.

The design is flexible to future requirements. The spaces in-between the buildings and roads are designed such that the functions of the spaces can change over time according to what is needed.

A focus in the proposal is establishing a park where displayed water and stored water adds aestetics, contributes to learning and reduces the cost of the water supply for the vegetation in the park.

The uses are contemporary, and guiding, but not static. The elements placed in the spaces can easily be changed or removed. In this way the area functions like a masterframe in the landscape rather than a master plan.

Managing the stormwater has been higly prioritised, and even more water than requsted by the municipality can detend on the site. The detention basins and the park offers green spaces for the institutions and residents in and around Østre Gasværk Park-Quarter.

CONNECTION The water detends on surface, later leading water to the stormwater tunnel, resulting in exposed water for people, making them aware of nature, and stimulating senses, together with functioning as a recreational space.

New bike- and pedestrian connections open up the area to the surroundings, inviting people in and making a more effiecient city structure.

The place will be lively, active, and support integration and social cohesion.

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1 Østre Gasværk Kvarteret, Lokalplan nr 545. 10. april 2017

Illustration 1 www.strandvejskvarteret.dk https://www.strandvejskvarteret.dk/102/ article/1176/300/ Found on 21-11-2019

Figure 2 and 3 Hansen, K.B, Nielsen, T.S, Tilde, T., (2005): Natur og grønne områder forebygger stress, Københavns Universitet.

PUBLICATIONS

Publication 1 Østre Gasværk Kvarteret, Lokalplan nr 545. 10. april 2017 Publication 2 Hansen, K.B, Nielsen, T.S, Tilde, T., (2005): Natur og grønne områder forebygger stress, Københavns Universitet. Publication 3 gehlinstitute.org. The Twelve Quality Criteria, 2017. https://gehlinstitute.org/wp-content/ uploads/2017/08/QUALITY-CRITERIA-FINAL. pdf Publication 4 gehlinstitute.org, 2017. https://gehlinstitute.org/wp-content/ uploads/2017/11/2017_WHO_Report_FINAL_ WEB.pdf Publication 5 Marianne Levinsen Landskab Aps, Østerbro Lokaludvalg. 2014. Skitseforslag. Gasværksgrunden Østerbro, Et parklandskab for idræt og rekreative aktiviteter, Skitseforslag for disponering af Gasværksgrunden udarbejdet af Marianne Levinsen Landskab Aps for Østerbro Lokaludvalg. https://oesterbrolokaludvalg.kk.dk/sites/ oesterbrolokaludvalg.kk.dk/files/uploadedfiles/gasvrksgrunden_pjece_net.pdf

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MAP MATERIAL

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INSPIRATION

Holmegårdsparken Plejehjem

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b2 Tietgenkollegiet 2019 Skønhed skal gøre fremtidens bygninger bæredygtige https://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/ skoenhed-skal-goere-fremtidens-bygningerbaeredygtige Found on 21-11-2019

2019 Pinterest Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.pinterest.dk/ pin/166351779967695203/

d Kaas & Marksø http://www.k-m.dk/emner/298-IslandsBrygge-32A-1-102-2300-K%C3%B8benhavn-S/ Found on 21-11-2019 e Screenshot googlemaps.com. Found on 2111-2019 f1 gourdiefraser.blogspot.com

eurekalert.org 2019 New species of metal-eating plant discovered in the Philippines Public Release: 9-May-2014 Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_ releases/2014-05/pp-nso050914.php healthline.com 2019 7 Emerging Benefits of Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi) Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/bacopamonnieri-benefits#1

P. 127 Photo from left to right: minimal-bianco-nero.tumblr.com poetryconcrete: “Traditional Repair, Immaterial Injury, by Kader Attia, 2015, sculpture in situ. ” Pinterest Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.pinterest.dk/ pin/339107046943226020/ guia arquitectura photo remash.tumblr.com Pinterest Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.pinterest.dk/ pin/339107046944466003/

Photo from left to right: ccetompkins.org 2019 Hydrilla: An Invasive Water Weed Cornell Cooperative Extension, Tompkins County Found on 21-11-2019 http://ccetompkins.org/environment/invasivenuisance-species/aquatic-invasives/hydrilla pondsuperstores.co 2019 Pistia stratiotes - Water Lettuce Floating Pond Plant Found on 21-11-2019 https://pondsuperstores.com/pistia-stratioteswater-lettuce-floating-pond-plant/ biopix.dk 2019 Alpe-Pengeurt (Thlaspi caerulescens ssp. caerulescens) Found on 21-11-2019 http://www.biopix.dk/alpe-pengeurt-thlaspicaerulescens-ssp-caerulescens_photo-40918. aspx By Marc Douchin fleursauvageyonne.github.io 2019 Ibéris intermédiaire Iberis intermedia Guers., 1803 Found on 21-11-2019 https://fleursauvageyonne.github.io/flsv/ mauve/iberis.htm flora.org 2019 Flora of Israel Online Pteris vittata L. Found on 21-11-2019 https://flora.org.il/en/plants/ptevit/

Miguel Castro 2019 Pinterest Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.pinterest.dk/ pin/339107046943226007/ By Keith Dobie Festoon Poles April 3, 2017 bsccustom Found on 21-11-2019 https://bsccustom.com/portfolio-posts/ littleton-village-sculpture/bsc-lv-poles/ By Sandra RUSTY MOORING BOLLARD Old ships mooring bollard at busselton jetty, West Australia Taken on February 26, 2009 flickr Found on 21-11-2019 https://www.flickr.com/photos/oz_ walkers/3312881439/

DEFINITIONS (big scale- to small scale solution) Catchment area: vandopland Cloudburst branch: Skybrudsgren Cloudburst project: Skybrudsprojekt Cloudburst tunnel: Skybrudstunnel Cloudburst pipe: Skybrudsledning Cloudburst road: Skybrudsvej Green retention roads: Forsinkelsesvej Vegetation road: grøn vej Appendix 4 Rainwater pipe: regnvandsledning Detention area: forsinkelsesplads First flush: daglig regn

P. 40, Cities for people, Gehl J., 2010

DETENTION CAPACITY

MEASUREMENTS

Permaeable:

The aim is to calculate whether the detention basins accomodate the requirements from the municipality in case of a 100 year event.

Østre Gasværk: 102,750 m2 (10.275 ha)

a. (160,5 m2 x 0,5 m) + (59 m2 x 0,5 m) = 110 m3

Østre Gasværk new buildings, roofs:

b. (242 m2 x 0,5 m) + (84 m2 x 0,5 m) = 163 m3

Østre Gasværk is divided in two main subcatchment areas: east and west, where east consists of one local subcatchment area, and west is divided further into 10 local subcatchment areas.

Ice rink: 4183 m2 (0.4 ha) P house: 2090 m2 (0.2 ha) Common rotunda: 596 m2 (0.06 ha)

c. (109,5 m2 x 0,5 m) + (232 m2 x 0,5 m) = 171 m3 d. 1/3 x h x g = 130 m2 x 0,5 m x 1/3 = 22 m3

Small rotunda: 1070 m2 (0.1 ha)

In east the drain capacity is 100 l/s to the cloudburst well in the east. In west the drain capacity is 600 l/s to the cloudburst well in the west.

d. g. C.h. h.248

C.j. k. 549 m2

In east there is 1 local subcatchment area named C.m. In west there is 10 local subcatchment areas. Dividing the drain capacity on the 10 local subcatchment areas, makes each of these areas able to lead 60 l/s water to the cloudburst well west. Permeable areas will be timed with 0,1 because of infiltration in the soil before flowing to the detention basins.

C.i. 112 i. C.g.

There are 13 detention basins named from a. - m. in total at Østre Gasværk. There are 11 local subcatchment areas named C.(basin name).

Grand rotunda: 3036 m2 (0.3 ha) Recycle stations: 303 m2 (0.03 ha)

e. 1/3 x h x g = 81 m2 x 0,5 m x 1/3 = 13,5 m3 f. 1/3 x h x g = 19 m2 x 0,5 m x 1/3 = 3 m3

4183 m2 + 2090 m2 + 596 m2 + 1070 m2 + 3036 m2 + 303 = 11,278

g. (937 m2 x 0,5 m) + (686 m2 x 0,5 m) = 811,5 m3

Østre Gasværk - Østre Gasværk roofs = 91,472 m2 (9 ha)

h. (430 m2 x 0,5 m) + (252 m2 x 0,5 m) + (85 m2 x 0,5 m) = 1458,5 m3

Sionsgade: 4,840 m2 (0.5 ha)

i. (112 m2 x 0,5 m) + (27 m2 x 0,5 m) = 69,5 m3

Sionsgade roofs: 288 m2 + 212 m2 + 22 m2 + 130 m2 + 118 m2 + 780 m2 + 422 m2 + 700 m2 + 31 m2 + 647 m2 + 219 m2 + 55 m2 + 740 m2 = 4,364 m2 (4 ha) Sionsgade + Sionsgade roofs= 9,204 m2 (0.9 ha)

j. (38 m2 x 0,5 m) + (151 m2 x 0,5 m) = 94,5 m3 In all permeable 2,916.5 m3 (0.3 ha) Paved: k. 274,5 m3

Catchment area in total: 100,676 m2(10 ha)

l. (338 m3 + 482 m3) / 2 = 410 m3

All rain gardens have a membrane underneath. Therefore they act as a detention basin as well as a paved surface. Volumes for each detention basin are found via areas (m2) in the sketch up drawing, and calculated with the formular for each shape: box, sphere etc. The following pages shows the calculations.

Paved squares: 478 m2 (0.05 ha) The car roads: 3980 m2 (0.4 ha)

m. 304 m3(skate square) + 4.601.5m3 (half sphere) = 4.905,5 m3

The other pedestrian paths:

5590 m3 in all paved (0.6 ha)

5783 m2 + 177 m2 + (915-718) = 6157 m2 (0.6 ha)

Detention basins 8506,5 m3 in all (0.9 ha)

Gravel path: 1217 m2 (0.1 ha)

The rest areas without detention basins:

The rest areas with vegetation and detention basins 91,472 m2 - 478 m2 - 3980 m2 6157 m2 - 1217 m2 = 79640 m2 Detention basin in all: 5917 m2 (0.6 ha)

79640 m2 - 5917 m2 = 73723 m2 (7.4 ha) PAVED pedestrian paths + car roads + paved squares = 10615 m2 (1 ha) PERMEABLE basins + green areas = 79640 m2 (8 ha)

Paved: 656 m2 (including raingarden)

Permeable: 193 m2 x 0,1 = 19,3 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface. The raingarden is not measured into this calculation since the ecxel is measuring the infiltration for the raingarden)

C = 19,3 m2 +656 m2 = 675 m2

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 0 m3, meaning no need for a basin, since the permeable soil can infiltrate the water in the local subcatchment area.

My proposal succeeds in staying within the requirements of the municipality, making it even more robust than for a 100 year cloudburst event, and with a drain capacity within the limits required by the municipality.

C = 6000+4500 m2 = 10500 m2 C.m. m = 330 m2 Permeable: 45000 m2 x 0,1 = 4500m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

m = the big skate surface + half sphere = 304 m3 + 4.601.5m3 = 4.905,5 m3

f = 19 m2 f = half sphere = 1/3 x h x g = 19 m2 x 0,5 m x 1/3 = 3 m3

Paved: 6000 m2

The actual volume of the detention basin is 3 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 270 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

The actual volume of the detention basin is 4.905,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

Paved: 8837 m2

C = 125 +8837 m2 = 8962 m2

Permeable: 1253 m2 x 0,1 = 125 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 286 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

C = 1425 m2

Permeable: 0 m2

Paved: 1425 m2

i = (112 m2 x 0,5 m) + (27 m2 x 0,5 m) = 69,5 m3

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 5 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

l = (338 m3 + 482 m3) / 2 = 410 m3

The actual volume of the detention basin is 410 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

The actual volume of the detention basin is 69,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. 138

C.g. C = 91,7 +4.272 m2 =4.363,7 m2

Permeable: 917 m2 x 0,1 = 91,7 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

C = 209,4 + 3880 m2 = 4.089,4 m2 Permeable: 2094 m2 x 0,1 = 209,4 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

g = 1666 m2

k = 274,5 m3 Paved: 4.272 m2

g = box = (160,5 m2 x 0,5 m) + (59 m2 x 0,5 m) = 110 m3

Paved: 3880 m2 (including raingarden)

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 85 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 274,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 75 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

The actual volume of the detention basin is 110 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

C.d.e. C.j. j = 276 m2 Permeable: 0 m j = (38 m2 x 0,5 m) + (151 m2 x 0,5 m) = 94,5 m3

d = pyramide = 1/3 x h x g = 130 m2 x 0,5 m x 1/3 = 22 m3

Permeable: 2630 m2 x 0,1 = 263 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

Paved: 2.566 m2

Paved: 2267 m2 (including raingarden)

C = 263 + 2267 m2 = 2.530 m2

e = 81 m2 e = pyramide = 1/3 x h x g = 81 m2 x 0,5 m x 1/3 = 13,5 m3

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 29 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 94,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 28 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

The actual volume of the detention basin is 35,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. 140

Permeable: 3008 m2 x 0,1 = x 300,8 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

a = pyramide = (160,5 m2 x 0,5 m) + (59 m2 x 0,5 m) = 110 m3

g = 120 m2 g = box = (937 m2 x 0,5 m) + (686 m2 x 0,5 m) = 811,5 m3

Paved: 1150 m2 (including raingarden) b = 330 m2

Paved: 2073 m2 (including raingardens)

C = 1150 m2 b = pyramide = (242 m2 x 0,5 m) + (84 m2 x 0,5 m) = 163 m3

C = 300,8 m2 + 2073 m2 = 2.373,8 m2

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 2 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area. The actual volume of the detention basin is 811,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars. The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 24 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

My proposal succeeds in staying within the requirements of the municipality, making it even more robust than for a 100 year cloudburst event, and with a drain capacity within the limits required by the municipality. Another 2200 m3 stormwater is flowing from Sionsgade. Some can be stored in detention basin C.c, and other will be led to another basin. Sionsgade stormwater volume - Detention basin c excel volume - Detention basin c proposal volume = 2200 m3 - 2 m3 - 811,5 m3 = 1386,5 m3 1386,5 m3 stormwater needs to be detented in another basin to prevent flooding.

C = 71,8 + 2.146 m2 = 2.217,8 m2

Permeable: 718 m2 x 0,1 = 71,8 m2 (permeable has to be timed with 0,1 because of the infiltration into green surface)

h = 248 m2 h = (430 m2 x 0,5 m) + (252 m2 x 0,5 m) + (85 m2 x 0,5 m) = 1458,5 m3

Paved: 2.146 m2 (including raingarden)

Dentention basin h. can contain up to 1458,5 m3. The excel recommends to detain 21 m3 when catching stormwater in the local subcatchment area(C.h.). 1458,5 m3 - 21 m3 = 1437,5 m3 That means that plenty of volume is left to detain more stormwater in basin h. Pipes are connecting the water basins across Ă˜stre GasvĂŚrk, and the water is detented before being led to the cloudburst tunnel. A pipe between detention basin h. and c. will be constructed in a way that the stormwater from Sionsgade is managed by both basins. 1437,5 m3 - 1386,5 m3 = 51 m3 When the stormwater from Sionsgade is detained by basin c. and h., another 51 m3 is in spare.

The excel calculates a basin with a minimum volume of 21 m3 to be able to detend the cloudburst water in the local subcatchment area.

The actual volume of the detention basin is 1458,5 m3 when calculating via classic formulars.

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Landscape Architecture: Research Topics

Image: Footbridge, Japanese Garden Location: Washington Park Arboretum Author: Joe Mabel License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Date: 06/21/2007

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Home > CAD > LANDARCH > LANDARCH_ETD

Theses and Dissertations

Theses from 2022 2022.

Storytelling as Design Methodology: Reclaiming Little Manila's Urban Landscape Identity , Alyssa M. Gill

Celebrating Wetland Foodways: Joining Ecosystems & Cultures on the Louisiana Gulf Coast , Deborah La Rue

Acknowledgement, Education, Memory: Reframing the Cemetery Landscapes of the Enslaved , Aubrey L. Phillips

Theses from 2020 2020

Give Us Back Our River's Edge: An Analysis Of Man Made Flood Controls Along The Mississippi River , taylor jacobsen

Thiết Kế cho Gia Tài Nông Nghiệp: Cho Khu Tôi ở Nu Ô Linh Đông - Designing for a Living AgriCultural Heritage: For my Vietnamese Neighborhood in New Orleans East , Nguyệt Nguyễn

Water, Waste, and Race: Designing for Change on the Shelby County Landfill , Elizabeth Peterson

The Siltcatcher: A Sediment-Capture System for Wetland Creation and Coastal Protection in Western Lake Pontchartrain , Andrew M. Wright

Theses from 2019 2019

BUILDING A BETTER BATTURE: A REGIONAL RECREATIONAL ENHANCEMENT AROUND THE MORGANZA TO THE GULF LEVEE , Taylor N. Fehmel

ĐỔI MỚI DIY: TACTICAL RURALISM AND TANGIBLE MODELING IN THE MEKONG DELTA , Phillip Fernberg

Making Connaught Place (New Delhi, India) Bicycle And Pedestrian Friendly , Surabhi Jain

The Corridor Des Arts , Kade M. Jones

Multi-purposeful Water Design for Monte Sano Park in Baton Rouge , Yuta Masakane

Rules of Distributary Engagement: Cultural Adaptation and Digital Enhancement of Hydro-ecological Decision-making in the Mekong Delta, Việt Nam , Clare-Mai H. Nguyen

Theses from 2018 2018

From the Water: Interpreting the Legacy of Bayou Teche , Joni Elizabeth Emmons

Salvation of Landscape: Landscape Remediation of Desertification in China , Chenliang Ma

Designing Peace in Hiroshima , Inmi Moon

Incremental Landscape at a Baton Rouge Oil Refinery: Temporal Framework for Phytoremediation in Louisiana Cancer Alley , DaHyung Yang

Preservation and Reformation , Yedi Zhang

Theses from 2016 2016

#Cone-Versation: A Tactical Urbanist Experiment , Yifu Liu

Developing Agritourism in the Caribbean: Critical Ethnography and Sustainable Landscape Design to Improve the Human Experience at Letan Bossier, Haiti , Kristen Maria Lonon

Resilient Future: The Cultural Riverfront Edge in the New Capital, Amaravathi, in Andhra Pradesh, India , Priyanka Malik

Creating Sustainable Future of a Degraded Urban Canal: Mae Kha, in Chiang Mai, Thailand , Sunantana Nuanla-Or

Mass Incarceration by Design: The Impacts of Urban Renewal and Landscape Architecture's Absence on the Prison Industrial Complex and the Use of Landscape Architecture as an Antidote to Mass Incarceration , Abigail P. Phillips

Fresh Flow: Where The City Meets The Sea , Wanqin Su

Can We Make Chinatown a More Sustainable Environment: Rethinking and Remaking Chinatown, San Francisco? , Zhen Wang

From Ruins to Home The Exploration of Shikumen’s Development , Xinye Zheng

Theses from 2015 2015

Informal Landscape Architecture: A Tool to Improve Water Quality for Informal Settlements along Waterways in Bangkok , Jidapa Chayakul

The Cost of Design: A Life-Cycle Assessment of Green Infrastructure Technology , Cheryl Kaye Lough

Revisit and Revise: The Introspective Approach to Reclamation and Redevelopment in Miami's Urban Core , Jescelle Renee Major

Using Stormwater Modeling in Iterative Site Design: An Integration of Techniques from Engineering and Landscape Architecture , Brooke Erin Morris

New Orleans, A City of Layers Preventing Extinction , William Francis Reinhardt

Theses from 2007 2007

The art of perception: Robert Irwin's Central Garden at the J. Paul Getty Center , Jennifer Kay Zell

Theses from 2005 2005

Quiet revolutions: neighborhood urban forestry programs , Ann McCoy Allen

An "ecolodge" in Thailand: a site design based upon the local vernacular village , Pudtan Chantarangkul

Using site-specific art as an alternative for interpreting Port Hudson State Historic Park, Louisiana , Yi-Chia Chen

Crime prevention and the perception of safety in campus design , Mary Frances Fernandez

Press Street: a concept for preserving, reintroducing and fostering local history , Brian J. McBride

Palimpsest encounters: a baseline study of Federal, Antebellum, and Postbellum New Orleans gardens using the Notarial Archives drawings , Cecilia L. McNab

Four dimensional presentations as a new representation method: a proposal for the use of interactive multimedia presentation in landscape architecture , Kinoto Miyakoda

Master planning communities with wildlife in mind , Helen A. Peebles

Local narratives: an approach to participatory planning in community revitalization projects , Herpreet Kaur Singh

Theses from 2004 2004

Arrive, explore, reflect: the development and evaluation of a web-based program to introduce high school students to landscape architecture , Courtney Bailey

Design exploration: totem as alternative for efficient and socially responsive burial , Mark Evan Bazzell

Accelerating the transition to a sustainable society , Christopher Brian Bennett

The Atchafalaya Basin proposal for nomination to the World Heritage Site list , Mitchell W. Coffman

Reading the humor in Korean traditional space - dreaming the restoration of old sentiment - , Sungmi Han

A site design in a hurricane prone coastal environment: Grand Isle, Louisiana case study , Naniek Kohdrata

Nature is to nurture: a post occupancy evaluation of the St. Michael Health Care Center, Texarkana, TX , Leigh LaFargue

Middlegate Japanese Gardens: preservation, private property and public memory , Margaret Anne Legett

Development of outdoor educational landscapes in forested wetlands of Louisiana's Atchafalaya Basin , Margaret Ann McClain

A pedestrian friendly environment for downtown Baton Rouge , Aya Miyakoda

A Louisiana plantswoman: Margie Yates Jenkins , Gayna B. Veltman

Theses from 2003 2003

Relative costs of infill vs. suburban residential developments: a case study of the Greater Baton Rouge area , John Lawrence Brian

Sustainable agriculture and the Red Stick Farmers' Market: an exploration of the use of concept in design , Lawrence Christopher Campany

Studio design critique: student and faculty expectations and reality , Elizabeth Marie Graham

Design guidelines of a therapeutic garden for autistic children , Bonnie Barnes Hebert

Restructuring the spaces under elevated expressways: a case study of the spaces below the Interstate-10 overpass at Perkins Road in Baton Rouge, Louisiana , Ramon Irizarry

Exterior accessibility issues: a study of the outdoor spaces connected with housing facilities at Louisiana State University , Frank Hardy Lewis

Sustainable development principles for East Baton Rouge Parish , Xia Li

Gateways into the Atchafalaya: developing a framework for water-based recreation in the Atchafalaya Basin parishes , Steven Joseph Lumpkin

A proposal for a SPARK Park site selection process in East Baton Rouge Parish , James M. McCord

Exedra: form and function in the landscape , Daniel W. McElmurray

C.C. Pat Fleming: Houston, Texas, landscape architect , Paige Allred Phillips

Using smart growth principles for development in St. Landry Parish , Rebecca L. Scheffler

Children's perception of racial urban boundaries: a case study in Baton Rouge , Aspasia Xypolia

Theses from 2002 2002

Toward a design process , Joel Shay Aulie

Building community: an environmental approach to crime prevention , Gustavo A. Barreto

An assessment of thesis alternatives for Landscape Architecture programs in the United States , Evan Warfield Brandon

Ecologically sensitive wetland sites: an investigation of land use attitudes and development trends with educational objectives , Linda A. Chance

Xeriscape guidelines adapted to residential gardens in Cyprus , Elli George Georgiou

The differences in performance of a left vs. right brained golfer on a curvilinear golf course , Robin Suzanne Jamison

Landscape overlay zoning district ordianance: for the Lafayette "oil patch promenadea", Highway US 90, Lafayette Parish, Louisiana , Neal Wesley Kessler

An analysis of marina environmental practices on the north shore of Lake Pontchartrain , Arthur Hunter Marks, III

The Historic Landscape of Mendocino: what terms define the landscape of a Rural Historic Landscape? , William Morrison

Open space for the public: an evaluation of designed open spaces on urban university campuses , Elizabeth Errett Neil

An integrated approach to stormwater management in the coastal zone , Clotho Alexis Spinner

Improving the design of golf course communities as wildlife habitats , Jason R. Watton

Theses from 2001 2001

Healing the Whole Person: A Post Occupancy Evaluation of the Rooftop Therapy Park at Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center, Knoxville, Tennessee , Brad Edward Davis

Towards Establishing a Process for Preserving Historic Landscapes in Mexico: The Casa Cristo Gardens in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico , Marcela De Obaldia

Signs sense: exploring signs in urban place making , Amy Elizabeth Pecquet

Landscape architecture in El Salvador: a case study of the Cerro Verde National Park , Stephen Price Wilson

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• Scholars' Bank. Graduate Theses and Dissertations This link opens in a new window Electronic theses and dissertations completed at the University of Oregon from 2008 to present. Selected older dissertations may be available.

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2021 Thesis Prize in Landscape Architecture: Gracie Villa’s “City | Forest: Reordering Plant-Human Relationships Toward Healthy Cities”

by Gracie Villa (MLA I ’21) — Recipient of the Thesis Prize in Landscape Architecture

Based in the belief that the quality of the urban landscape directly reflects the quality of its soil, I propose to utilize processes of beneficial disturbance to reorder the vegetative and soil regimes in the city’s public realm. The outcome is a regenerative living infrastructure identified as the City Forest ; a collection of trees, associated undergrowth, and soil where people live, work, and play. This topology offers an alternative to the objectified street trees that make up most of America’s urban vegetation and curates an intensive dialogue between people and forest, or city and forest, not possible under current spatial practices.   

In this case study, the City Forest redefines major corridors in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as an  efficacious  place to begin intensifying the forest. Cambridge is a leader in urban forestry but has yet to boldly confront the socioeconomic practices inhibiting a healthy future. By rejecting the hierarchies and land – use patterns inherent to our car-centric landscapes, the City Forest emphasizes solidarity with nonhuman nature and advocates against destructive forms of economic practice and ontological distinction, asserting that the natural capital that accumulates in the forest reciprocates directly with  a  healthy lived experience in the city.

Visit the 2021 Virtual Commencement Exhibition to see more from this and other prize-winning projects.

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Dissertations and Theses - Landscape Architecture

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• 5 Interesting Architecture Dissertation Topics
• 6 Research Topics in Modern Design
• 7 Sustainable Architecture Topics
• 8 Trending Topics in Landscape Design

With this in mind, it’s vital that you stick to your field of study and the topics that are within it. If you’re clueless as to what to talk about, you can always go online and see what other people have to say and what they’re writing about; this could give you a heads-up on what’s to come. If, for example, you study architecture, there are many things that you could address in your final document.

The structures for buildings around the world change with the years and come from many different styles that have very different meanings because of the cultures in which they were created within. This gives you an endless list of possibilities to talk about. There really are no limits when it comes to writing about architecture.

You could discuss the never-ending debate regarding whether old buildings should be preserved or not. All you’ll have to do is provide your idea and opinion based on a series of research that you’ll need to do prior to writing your final draft. A dissertation paper isn’t something that you do in one day; this document requires months and months of hard, tedious work, where you have to read a lot and work on your citation formats and turn in various pieces of work that others will revise and provide feedback for you to adjust and have the cycle repeat itself endless times.

When you’re faced with the task of  writing your dissertation for your Ph.D , the most important factor to consider is the topic. If you need inspiration, take a look at the list of topics below, which were popular choices among other students. You can also buy case study online to get an in-depth look at a particular subject. Whichever route you choose, make sure to pick a topic that interests you. If you still have no idea of what to talk about, you can take a look at the list below, which will provide you with a series of topics that other students have been talking about throughout the years, and they are still popular. If you still have no idea of what to talk about, you can take a look at the list below, which will provide you with a series of topics that other students have been talking about throughout the years, and they are still popular.

Eco-Friendly Architecture Dissertation Topics

These architecture dissertation topics are more than just popular, and we have a list of dissertation topics in architecture that will make any task you have on mind easier. At the same time, we will partially be focused on waste management, recycling spaces, and renewable energy, which are all related here. Let’s check the best architecture thesis topics right now.

• Eco-friendly neighborhood development
• Making more urban parks
• Best eco-friendly community garden design
• Old building eco-restoration
• Proper waste management
• Fast and cheap riverfront development
• Making the most advanced SMART village
• Completely sustainable building idea
• What is regenerative design?
• What is an urban agriculture center?

Architecture Dissertation Topics in Risk Management

It is important for all architecture students to have a good understanding of dissertation topics in architecture, as it is an essential field. This list of topics will be a great help when researching, and with the help of professional thesis writers, you can even pay for thesis writing to get the best results. With this assistance, you can be sure to get the best quality dissertation that will impress your peers.

Here we have a list of dissertation topics in architecture that are mandatory to know, and you will probably see a lot of architecture dissertation topics from this group. We can add that it is an essential field of architecture and one all students need to know more about.

• Best practices for making safety better
• How to avoid future water pollution?
• Managing risks of high-end infrastructures
• Limits of computer simulation
• Benefits of risk computer simulations
• Pros of low-cost and high-strength buildings
• Cons of low-cost and high-strength buildings
• New methods for decreasing risk in architecture
• Common risk mistakes new workers make
• Using virtual reality to test the risk

Need help with dissertation writing? Get your paper written by a professional writer Get Help Reviews.io 4.9/5

Landscape Architecture Dissertation Topics

You may need to focus on one of these when it comes to proper dissertation writing. Each dissertation topic here is a bit special, and each dissertation topic is something you will need to invest a lot of research in and then make presentable. Let’s see the best topics of this type.

• Processing data on food, water, and energy in the real-time
• Benefits of offshore wind energy projects
• Using landscape to make architecture self-sustainable
• Evolution on current energy landscape models
• Food access for locals in large cities
• Shaping the landscape to suit people more
• Making landscape more suitable for people with disabilities
• Using rainwater design in a modern city
• Adaptive reuse of a river park
• Adapting building design to the specific landscape

Architecture Dissertation Topics for Urban Planning and Transport

The field of architecture we have here is a bit special but more important than ever before. Now you can see the topics that will help you and the ones that can make any process of this kind even better and definitely easier.

• Low-cost homes and low-cost transport
• Should we make more skyscrapers?
• Suburban communities and transporting issues
• Benefits of developing a marine park
• Is transport suitable for modern cities?
• How transport can be improved in multi-million cities
• Incorporating airports in urban planning
• Making train stations more suitable for urban areas
• Managing a million tourists in a modern city
• Hotels that can accommodate more visitors than ever before but are eco-friendly

Interesting Architecture Dissertation Topics

Here you can see all about housing schemes, appealing ideas, and more that are definitely going to make your writing process easier and better the lack of a better word. Each one of these ideas has been more than just popular. Focus on building design if this is what you like.

• How to know what the right number of restrooms is when building a large, public venue.
• Redefining a city through architecture.
• Maximizing small spaces: all there is to know.
• Building for the family: privacy and closeness.
• Cathedrals: using the new world’s budget to recreate the old world.
• Discuss the difference in the design of houses in cold climates and warm climates.
• Explain some benefits of using technological models in architectural diagrams.
• Provide an accurate description of an architectural model that would be appealing to a religious client.
• Discuss the nature of middle-class architecture and its place in modern society.
• Include elements of famous architects without copying their work.
• Getting people to move through energizing architecture.
• Architecture and the family. The need for closeness and privacy
• Cathedrals: Recreating the old world on a new world budget

It is no wonder that more and more students are turning to these services for dissertation help . They can provide guidance, expertise and offer support for editing, proofreading, and writing for your best results. With their help, the dissertation can be completed in a timely and efficient manner.

Research Topics in Modern Design

The contemporary architecture will cover the hot topics in the field, and a good place to start would be one of these engaging building design topics:

• Multicultural Architecture in the Urban Landscape
• Trends of Environmental Technology in Residential Structures
• Developing Commercial Projects for IoT
• Evaluating Design in Municipal Structures
• Creative Designs in the Modern Era
• Maximizing Resources and Space with Accessibility
• Minimalist Design in Compact Areas
• Methods of Mitigating Damage from Natural Disaster
• Methods of Pre-fabricated Design
• Features of Portable Housing Units

Sustainable Architecture Topics

With so much focus on the environment and technology associated with it, there is a significant push to develop green tech with design. Here are some ideas:

• Applications of Hemp in Building Structure
• Retrofitting Inefficiency with Existing Buildings
• Building in Response to Climate Change
• Micro-Construction for the Future
• Creating Self-Sufficient Structures
• Calculating Solar Panel Output with Planning
• Determining Optimal Insulation R-Values
• Principles of Net Zero Design
• Reducing A Structure’s Carbon Footprint
• Heating and Cooling Systems with Renewable Energy

Trending Topics in Landscape Design

Architecture is more about structures. There is the landscape that accompanies it. You must consider many elements of the environment you place your structures. Here are a few topics you can use:

• Planning for Water Scarcity and Droughts
• Maximizing Green Space in Residential Designs
• Managing Flood Zones with Climate Change
• Revitalizing Landscapes
• Reducing Development Risks with Wildlife
• Principles of Urban Agriculture
• Optimizing Drainage for Water Conservation
• Child-Friendly Landscapes
• Retaining Green Cities in Periods of Growth
• Efficient Public Infrastructure

Who said architecture couldn’t be exciting? With these modern architecture dissertation topics, you’re well on your way to getting your proposal approved. A dissertation is a rewarding academic achievement that is quite exhausting, which is why some students buy a dissertation . With much new technology and urban requirements coming into the mix, a degree in architecture is well worth the investment. Don’t be afraid to ask for architecture dissertation help, as we at Papersowl.com are here to assist 24 hours. We cover all aspects of academic writing and can work with a portion of your paper or even do the whole dissertation. So if you’re stuck, reach out to us.

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University Library

Doctoral Theses in Landscape Architecture

A chronological checklist.

The following are doctoral theses completed by individual students in the Department of Landscape Architecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.  Please see Find Dissertations for more details about locating doctoral theses in general.  Check the online catalog for doctoral theses not listed here.

Burrows, Steven. Indiana state parks and the Hoosier imagination, 1916-1933/ by Steven Burrows. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2017. Found in IDEALS

Li, Dongying. Access to nature and adolescents’ psychological well-being/ by Dongying. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2016. Found in IDEALS

Li, Zheng. Managing historic mountain landscapes near a modern city: the case of the Beijing Western Hills, 1912-2012/ by Zheng Li. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2015. Found in IDEALS

Modi, Sonal Mithal Sumeshkumar. Embodied knowledge of landscape: accomodating ongoing subjective experience in the presentation of heritage landscape/ by Sonal Mithal Sumeshkumar Modi. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2015. Found in IDEALS

Holland, Martin. “Empty chairs, broken lives”: The Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum/ by Martin Holland. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2014. Found in IDEALS

Williams, Douglas. Fertile ground: Community gardens in a low-income inner-city Chicago neighborhood and the development of social capital among African Americans/ by Douglas Williams. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2014. Found in IDEALS

Zhou, Xiaolu. Investigating the association between the built environment and active travel of young adults using location based technology/ by Xiaolu Zhou. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2014. Found in IDEALS

Brown, Nicholas. Landscape, justice, and the politics of indigeneity: denaturalizing structures of settler colonialism in the Alberta/Montana borderlands/ by Nicholas Brown. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2013. Found in IDEALS

Jiang, Bin. Establishing dose-response curves for the impact of urban forests on recovery from acute stress and landscape preference/ by Bin Jiang. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2013. Found in IDEALS

Miller, Abbilyn. Determining critical factors in community-level planning of homeless service projects/ by Abbilyn Miller. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2012. Found in IDEALS

Li, Chuo. Chinatown and Urban Redevelopment: A Spatial Narrative of Race, Identity, and Urban Politics, 1950-2000/ by Chuo Li. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2011. Found in IDEALS

Lee, Sungkyung. Narrated Landscape as Counterweight to Perception of Placelessness in Contemporary Urban Landscape: Re-Visioning Place in Gwangbok -Dong and Nampo -Dong, Busan, South Korea/ by Sungkyung Lee. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2009. Found in IDEALS

Lamzah, Assia. The Impact of the French Protectorate on Cultural Heritage Management in Morocco: The Case of Marrakesh/ by Assia Lamzah. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2008. Found in IDEALS

Leibowitz, Rachel. Constructing the Navajo Capital: Landscape, Power, and Representation at Window Rock/ by Rachel Leibowtiz. Dissertation (Ph.D.) – University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 2008. Found in IDEALS

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• Chair of Landscape Architecture and Transformation
• TUM School of Engineering and Design
• Technical University of Munich

Master Thesis

As a rule, the Master students choose the subject for their final Master thesis on their own, proving that they are capable of finding and defining relevant themes in current landscape architecture independently. If you want to start your Master thesis at the LAT under the supervision of Professor Weilacher, you do not necessarily have to deal with industrial landscapes. All interesting subjects related to landscape architecture are welcome to be discussed.

Please follow these steps:

A. Contact professor Weilacher early enough and discuss with him, if your chosen subject is generally suited for a final thesis and if he has approriate capacities to work with you. Good projects are always related to a relevant current theoretical question in international landscape architecture.

B. Check out, if you have fulfilled all administrative requirements to start your thesis (minimum credits etc.) For this purpose send your transcript of records as a PDF to the Architecture Dean's Office (Julie Strickland; [email protected]) for clarification of module credit. As a rule, 60 ECTS must have been earned in 2 semesters to be admitted to the master's thesis. In special cases, 3 semesters (90 ECTS) must be completed. Please regard the FPSO valid for you!

C. Write an exposé about your project and send it early enough before your next meeting to the professor. This exposé is the basis for the start of your thesis. It should consist of the following parts:

1.     Introduction to your project 2.     Portrait of your site in words, images and plans 3.     Precise formulation of the key problem for your thesis, with 3 to 5 important key assumptions (hypotheses!) 4.     Precise aim of your work (very important!) 5.     Planned table of content for the written report 6.     Time schedule (weeks) 7.     Planned scope of final work (as precisely as possible: how many plans? formats? scales? model? report? etc. etc.) 8.     Literature sighted so far 9.     Projects finished so far in your study

The exposé is important for you in order to plan your workload and in order to set the aim of your work as clearly as possible. As soon as the professor has agreed upon your exposé, you have to register your thesis officially and within 6 months you have to finish your final project.

The length of the master's thesis should be at least 60.000 and at most 120.000 characters including spaces (number of characters without abstract/summary). Pay attention to the formal requirements of correct citation of literature and source references for figures (see citation guide LAT *).

D. After the discussion and acceptance of the exposé, please register your thesis with title and starting date in the Office of the Dean of Studies for Architecture (Julie Strickland; [email protected]) and hand over a copy of the registration document to the supervisor or to his secretary. At this point, your second supervisor should already be determined. This is usually a research assistant of the chair.

... and at the end of your thesis :

E. Please hand in all printed original plans (A0 posters) and your written report at the closing date. Hand in your written report in 3 copies: 1 copy for the library and 2 copies for your coaches. The size of the report should be in A4 upright format. Please use the layout template * . All final plans shall be included in the report in miniature versions. Also include photos of your model in the report. Please bring your model to the final presentation. Please save all files (all plan in original size, as miniature versions (DIN A3) as jpg, the original file of the report, and as PDF) on a storage medium (CD/USB-Stick). Write a summary of your project (max. 2 pages A4) and put it as a separate PDF-file on the storage medium. The summary/abstract should also be part of the report.

F. Arrange a date for your final presentation with professor Weilacher and make sure this date is noted in the calendar at the secretary of the LAT.

G. The final presentation of your work takes 60 minutes: 30 minutes to present your project and 30 minutes for the discussion with the audience. Please keep an eye on an professional presentation performance.

H. In a final interview with the professor you will have a chance to talk about your work once more in detail and you will get your grade.

I. Each year, the architecture faculty exhibits the submitted master's theses in an annual show (online or as a pdf publication). Various details and illustrations are required for this, see www.ar.tum.de/publikationen/abschlussarbeiten/ After successful completion of your thesis, please send these documents to [email protected] and in cc to your second supervisor.

In addition, master theses at LAT will also be listed on the website of the chair and a summary of the thesis on one A4 page will be made available for download. Please prepare this summary according to the layout template * .

If you should have any further questions, please contact directly Professor Dr. Udo Weilacher.

Good luck with your final project!

Here you will find as an assistance:

• Master's summary (PDF) of what to generally consider when writing a thesis at LAT
• Important citation rules (PDF) for theses
• Overview of all previous Master theses at LAT
• Layout template for the master thesis (INDD CS6, IDML ).
• Layout template for the summary of the thesis for the chair website.

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70+ Architecture Dissertation Topics in 2024

Manali Ganguly ,

Mar 4, 2024

Share it on:

The architecture dissertation topics that are most relevant in 2024 are urban transport, architecture of shopping malls and restaurants, constructing of modern museums, constructing green buildings, designing ecological workspaces, and many more.

The top architecture dissertation topics for 2024 include marine park design, multimedia film city, modern art museum, architecture in restaurants, architecture in shopping malls, urban transport, peripheral park designs, etc.

Architecture is a subject that needs creative thinking. Working on a dissertation in architecture will help in a comprehensive knowledge of the subject. A high-quality dissertation also adds points to the academic result of a student. There are a wide range of topics to choose from.

Top Architecture Dissertation Topics in 2024

When writing a dissertation, the most crucial point is the selection of the right topic. There are plenty of options available. However, choosing the right topic adds value to the end result. It must be noted here that the selection must be done based on a topic of interest. There are various categories to choose from. Mentioned below are the categories and the topics under those.

• Landscape Architecture Dissertation Topics
• Sustainable Architecture Dissertation Topics
• Risk Management Architecture Dissertation Topics
• New Age Architecture Dissertation Topics
• Naval Architecture Dissertation Topics
• Ecological Architecture Dissertation Topics

1. Landscape Architecture Dissertation Topics

The architecture dissertation topics under this category have been provided below for the concerned students:

• The importance of dedicated green areas or zones in a city
• Eco-friendly architectural design
• Green building
• The impact of landscape architecture on modern life’
• Making roof gardens
• The relationship between landscape architecture and ecosystem
• Aim of landscape engineering
• Creating natural swimming pools
• Creating a modern city with rain water storage and usage
• Reusing river park
• Building green highways
• Importance of building parks in the society

Also Check: Top 100+ Research Paper Topics

2. Sustainable Architecture Dissertation Topics

The dissertation topics pertaining to sustainable architecture have been provided below. Students interested in writing their dissertation paper in this category can have a look at the options given below for the selection of architecture dissertation topics:

• Sustainable architectural plan for the neighbourhood
• Architectural differences pertaining to modernity and tradition
• Creating an architectural design suitable for the elderly or the ageing people
• The importance of regenerative design
• The importance and need of urban farming
• The rebuilding of communities after a disaster
• The concept of responsive architecture
• The relationship between architecture and mathematics through parametric design
• Impact of architecture on the physical and mental well-being of man
• The concept of biophilic design
• Architecture behind the creation of smart cities
• Using the old and dilapidated architectures to create new architectural designs
• The concept of public space design
• Conservation of heritage properties
• Architectural designs to support sustainable transport

Also Check: NIRF Architecture Ranking 2024

3. Risk Management Architecture Dissertation Topics

Students seeking to write their architecture dissertation paper on risk management, can take ideas from the topics given below.

• Management of risk by the architects relevant to the construction of modern and urban buildings
• Analysing the limits of technology in architectural designs
• Reviewing and analysing the open-home design concept in architecture
• Analysing the benefits of buildings with high strength over low cost buildings
• Optimization of safety within the architectural designs of buildings
• Construction of buildings in areas prone to earthquakes
• Planning a city based on the principles of water conservation

Also Check:  Thesis Vs. Dissertation: Meaning, Differences and Similarities

4. New Age Architecture Dissertation Topics

Students who are looking forward to working on some interesting architecture dissertation topics can find some of the best topics below:

• The maximisation and utility of small spaces
• Usage of technical models in the architectural designs
• The difference in construction and design of houses in the cold and tropical climates
• The importance of designing a house that fosters mental and physical well being of the members
• The value of the middle class architecture in today’s world
• Analysis of the important architects around the world
• Discovering new architectural designs for nuclear families
• The building of a community centre
• Architectural ideas for places prone of earthquakes
• Architectural designs of places prone to tsunamis

Also Check: Architecture Courses after 12th

5. Naval Architecture Dissertation Topics

The most interesting naval architectural dissertation topics have been shared below for the students:

• Creating the model ship for future
• The rules for controlling damage in naval architecture
• Modernization of the naval architecture
• Designing a Yacht
• Layout and design of the first ship
• Difference in the architectural designs of old and modern day ships
• The design and architecture of a military ship
• The design and architecture of a submarine
• Designing of a small ship
• Differences in architecture between a passenger ship and cargo ship
• Architecture behind a boat without nails
• The differences in the ship building patterns of different countries
• The difference in the designs of a boat and a yacht
• The architecture of a tanker
• Naval architecture of the old times

Also Check: PhD in Architecture

6. Ecological Architecture Dissertation Topics

The ecological architecture dissertation topics are being increasingly taken up by the students. Mentioned below is a complete list of such topics:

• How to make architecture eco-friendly?
• Incorporation of ecological resources in the construction of buildings
• Materials used in architecture: effect on the environment
• Creating eco-house
• The impact of modern and urban architecture on ecology
• Constructing shopping malls with ecological design and materials
• Building wood houses and its effect on the ecosystem
• The effect of modern architectural designs on animals
• Incorporating more greens in the construction of offices and buildings
• The effect on skyscrapers on bird-life

While it is important to go forward with the architectural designs and styles, it is also crucial to measure the pros and cons of the same on sustainability. The students pursuing a course in architecture, such as B.Arch or M.Arch or an MTech or BTech in Architecture Engineering , must go through the above-mentioned architecture dissertation topics for writing their papers.

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Home & House Stagers in Elektrostal'

Location (1).

• Use My Current Location

Popular Locations

• Albuquerque
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• Elektrostal', Moscow Oblast, Russia

Professional Category (1)

• Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU)

Featured Reviews for Home & House Stagers in Elektrostal'

• Reach out to the pro(s) you want, then share your vision to get the ball rolling.
• Request and compare quotes, then hire the Home Stager that perfectly fits your project and budget limits.

A home stager is a professional who prepares a house for sale, aiming to attract more buyers and potentially secure a higher selling price. They achieve this through the following techniques:

• Rearranging furniture to optimize space and functionality.
• Decluttering to create a clean and spacious look.
• Making repairs to address visible issues.
• Enhancing aesthetics with artwork, accessories, and lighting.
• Introducing new furnishings to update the style.

Their goal is to present the house in the best light. Home stagers in Elektrostal' help buyers envision themselves living there, increasing the chances of a successful sale.

• Decluttering
• Furniture Selection
• Space Planning
• Art Selection
• Accessory Selection

Benefits of the home staging in Elektrostal':

• Attractive and inviting: Staging creates a welcoming atmosphere for potential buyers.
• Faster sale: Homes sell more quickly, reducing time on the market.
• Higher sale price: Staging can lead to higher offers and appeal to a wider range of buyers.
• Showcasing best features: Strategic arrangement highlights positives and minimizes flaws.
• Stand out online: Staged homes capture attention in online listings.
• Emotional connection: Staging creates a positive impression that resonates with buyers.
• Easy visualization: Buyers can easily picture themselves living in a staged home.
• Competitive advantage: Staging sets your home apart from others on the market.
• Affordable investment: Cost-effective way to maximize selling potential and ROI.
• Professional expertise: Experienced stagers ensure optimal presentation for attracting buyers.

What does an Elektrostal' home stager do?

What should i consider before hiring an interior staging company, questions to ask potential real estate staging companies in elektrostal', moscow oblast, russia:, business services, connect with us.