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Case Study Questions Class 8 Geography Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

Case study questions class 8 geography chapter 2 land, soil, water, natural vegetation and wildlife resources.

CBSE Class 8 Case Study Questions Geography Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources. Important Case Study Questions for Class 8 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources.

At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks.

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 8 Geography Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

Case study – 1.

In a small village in Tanzania, Africa, Mamba gets up very early in the morning to fetch water. She has to walk a long way and returns after a few hours. She then helps her mother in the house and joins her brothers in taking care of their goats. All her family owns is a piece of rocky land around their small hut. Mamba’s father can barely grow some maize and beans on it after toiling hard. This is not enough to feed their family for the whole year. Peter lives in the heart of the sheep rearing region in New Zealand where his family runs a wool processing factory. Everyday when he returns from school, Peter watches his uncle taking care of their sheep. Their sheep yard is situated on a wide grassy plain with hills in the far distance. It is managed in a scientific way using the latest technology. Peter’s family also grows vegetables through organic farming. Mamba and Peter stay in two different parts of the world and lead very different lives. This difference is because of the differences in the quality of land, soil, water, natural vegetation, animals and the usage of technology. The availability of such resources is the main reason places differ from each other.

QUESTION MARKS:1

1.Why does Mamba get up very early in the morning?

Ans: Mamba gets up very early in the morning to fetch water.

2.Where does Peterlive in?

Ans: Peter lives in the heart of the sheep rearing region in New Zealand.

QUESTION MARKS:2

1.Why Mamba and Peter lead very different kind of lives?

Ans: Mamba and Peter stay in two different parts of the world and lead very different lives. This difference is because of the differences in the quality of land, soil, water, natural vegetation, animals and the usage of technology.

2.Where Peter’s sheep yard is situated and how is it managed?

Ans:Peter’s sheep yard is situated on a wide grassy plain with hills in the far distance. It is managed in a scientific way using the latest technology.

Case Study – 2

Land is among the most important natural resources. It covers only about thirty per cent of the total area of the earth’s surface and all parts of this small percentage are not habitable. The uneven distribution of population in different parts of the world is mainly due to varied characteristics of land and climate. The rugged topography, steep slopes of the mountains, lowlying areas susceptible to water logging, desert areas, thick forested areas are normally sparsely populated or uninhabited. Plains and river valleys offer suitable land for agriculture. Hence, these are the densely populated areas of the world. Land is used for different purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries. This is commonly termed as Land use. Can you list out the different ways in which Mamba’s and Peter’s family use their land? The use of land is determined by physical factors such as topography, soil, climate, minerals and availability of water. Human factors such as population and technology are also important determinants of land use pattern. Land can also be classified on the basis of ownership as – private land and community land. Private land is owned by individuals whereas, community land is owned by the community for common uses like collection of fodder, fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs. These community lands are also called common property resources.

QUESTIONS &ANSWERS: Marks: 1

1.What is the most important natural resource?

Ans: The most important natural resource is Land.

2. What is the main reason of uneven distribution of population in different parts of the world?

Ans: The uneven distribution of different population in different parts of the world is mainly due to varied characteristics of land and climate.

1. what is the meaning of ‘Land Use’?

Ans: Land is used for different purposes such as agriculture,forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries. This is commonly Termed as Land use’.

2. What is the difference between private land and community land?

Ans:Private land is owned by individuals whereas, community land is owned by the community for common uses like collection of fodder, fruits, nuts or medical herbs.

Case Study – 3

The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil. It is closely linked to land. Landforms determine the type of soil. Soil is made up of organic matter, minerals and weathered rocks found on the earth. This happens through the process of weathering. The right mix of minerals and organic matter make the soil fertile. Landslides are simply defined as the mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope. They often take place in conjunction with earthquakes, floods and volcanoes. A prolonged spell of rainfall can cause heavy landslide that can block the flow of river for quite some time. The formation of river blocks can cause havoc to the settlements downstream on its bursting. In the hilly terrain landslides have been a major and widely spread natural disaster that often strike life and property and occupy a position of major concern.

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS: MARKS:1

1.What is closely linked to land?

Ans:Soil is closely linked to land.

2.What make the soil fertile?

Ans:The right mix of minerals and organic matter make the soil fertile.

1.What is called soil?

Ans: The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil.

2.What can cause heavy landslides?

Ans: A prolonged spell of rainfall can cause heavy landslide that can block the flow of river for quite some time.

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Extra Questions for Class 8 Geography with Answers

Extra questions for class 8 social science Geography with Answers are available below. Learning the answers of these questions will help you to self analyse your performance and identify your strengths and weaknesses. These questions also include all the important topic from every chapter of the subject and also many of these questions are likely to be repeated in the exams. Hence, practising these questions will help you to score high marks in the exam.

CBSE Class 8 Geography Extra Questions and Answers

• Chapter 1 Resources
• Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
• Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources
• Chapter 4 Agriculture
• Chapter 5 Industries
• Chapter 6 Human Resource

Start solving these CBSE extra questions from Class 8 geography and revise the subject preparing for the exam. You can just click on the respective links provided above to access the chapter-wise extra questions. We have compiled here the extra questions from Class 8 geography from every chapter.

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Case Study Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area| Class 12 Geography

Case Study Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area is a subpart of the Class 12 Geography Chapter 6 that is titled Planning and Sustainable Development. The subpart Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area talks about its background, objectives, facts, and advantages in detail. The Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) was developed to facilitate the irrigation system of the Thar region of the Rajasthan state.

In this article, we are going to discuss the Class 12 Geography Chapter 6 subpart Case Study Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area in detail.

Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area

Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area is an irrigation facility canal that starts from the Harike Barrage of the Punjab state and ends in the Thar desert of Rajasthan. The canal is around 9060 km long and it serves around 19.63 million hectares area for the irrigation process. The canal was launched in 1958.

The construction process of the Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area was done in two different stages as mentioned below.

Stage – 1

Stage 1 of the project developed in some areas of Rajasthan including Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, and some parts of the Bikaner district. The Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area can serve around 5.53 lakh hectares area of this location.

Stage – 2

Stage 2 of the project was developed in the districts of Rajasthan like Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Nagaur, Jodhpur, and Churu. The Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area can serve around 14.10 lakh hectares area of this location. Stage two covers most of those areas where the daily temperature in summer touches around 50 degrees Celsius.

Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area – Development Objectives

There are so many development objectives of the Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area as mentioned below.

• Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area can offer developed irrigation facilities in the desert areas.
• The canal is efficient in reducing the rising demand for the different types of agriculture processes.
• It also supplies water for drinking purposes and for industrial use.
• The Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area helps to improve the living conditions of the drought-prone areas of the deserts of India.
• The canal also provides a good supply of drinking water for humans and cattle.
• It also creates more job opportunities to increase the growth of the area.

Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area – Advantages

Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area have so many advantages as mentioned below.

• Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area provides irrigation water to the different parts of Rajasthan.
• There are so many drought-prone areas where the water reserve is too low and in that context, this canal provides the drinking water to these areas.
• The Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area made a significant mark in agricultural development.
• There are so many green fooders beside the canal which helps the people to develop fisheries here.
• There are two major locations Suratgarh and Anupgarh, which have two mini-hydropower plants that contribute some amount of electricity to the State’s total production.

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Case Study Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area- FAQs

Where is indira gandhi nahar located.

The Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal in India. It starts at the Harike Barrage near Harike, a few kilometers downriver from the confluence of the Satluj and Beas rivers in Punjab state, and ends in irrigation facilities in the Thar Desert in the northwest of Rajasthan state.

Which is the most important effect in Indira Gandhi Canal command area?

Attaining sustainable development in the Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area requires major thrust upon the measures to achieve ecological sustainability. The spread of canal irrigation has led to an increase in cultivated area and intensity of cropping.

What is the origin of Indira Nahar?

The Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal in India. The origin of this canal is from the Harike barrage situated in Punjab at the confluence of the Sutlej and Beas. From Harike, 204 Km long Indira Gandhi Feeder off-takes, which has 170 Km length in Punjab & Haryana and balance 34 Km in Rajasthan.

Who built Indira Gandhi Canal?

Kanwar Sain. The idea of Indira Gandhi Canal was conceived by a hydraulic engineer, Kanwar Sain. He proposed that desert land in Bikaner and the Jaisalmer could be brought under irrigation.

Which is the longest canal in India?

Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal in India. It is approximately 650 km long and flows across Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan. The Indira Gandhi Canal Project is the largest irrigation project of the world.

What are the benefits of Indira Gandhi Canal?

The canal is the longest in India and allows for agricultural development by irrigation along its route allowing the growth of mustard, cotton, and wheat. The canal also provides plentiful and clean drinking water to the state as well.

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• Chapter 2 Land Soil Water Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Resources

CBSE Notes Class 8 Geography Chapter 2-Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

Observe the land, type of soil and water availability in the region you live in. See how it has influenced the lifestyle of the people there. 90% of the world’s population occupies only 30% of the land area. The remaining 70% of the land is either sparsely populated or uninhabited. To learn more thoroughly about topics such as Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources, students can study Chapter 1 of CBSE Class 8 Geography. Students can also revise with the help of CBSE Notes Class 8 Geography Chapter 2-Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources.

Students can access the CBSE Class 8 Notes of Chapter 2 from Geography and revise most competently for the exam.

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Download CBSE Notes Class 8 Geography Chapter 2-Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources PDF

A very important natural resource, Land covers 30% of the earth’s surface, and not every part is habitable. The cause for the uneven population in certain parts is the varied characteristics of land and climate.

Uses of Land

The land is used for different purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries. This is commonly termed Land use.

• Physical Factors determining the use of land- topography, soil, climate, minerals and availability of water.
• Human Factors that are human determinants of land use pattern- population and technology

Land can also be classified into private land and community land on the basis of ownership. Private land is owned by individuals, whereas community land is owned by the community for common uses such as the collection of fodder, fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs. Another name for community lands is common property resources. Even though people’s demands are ever-growing availability of land is limited, thus leading people to encroach land to build commercial areas, shopping complexes in urban areas and to expand agricultural land in rural areas. This expansion of agriculture and construction activities also leads to major threats like land degradation, landslides, soil erosion and desertification.

Conservation of Land Resource

Ever Growing population and their growing demands lead to large-scale destruction of forest cover and other natural resources. Meanwhile, given below are the common methods used to conserve land resources:

• Afforestation
• land reclamation
• regulated use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers
• checks on overgrazing

The thin layer of grainy substance covers the surface of the earth and is closely linked to the land. Landforms determine the type of soil. Soil is made up of organic matter, minerals and weathered rocks found on the earth through the process of weathering. The right mix of minerals and organic matter makes the soil fertile.

The mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope is known as Landslide, and it often takes place in conjunction with earthquakes, floods and volcanoes. Meanwhile, a prolonged spell of rainfall can also cause a landslide.

Mitigation Mechanism

Development in scientific techniques has empowered us to understand what factors cause landslides and how to manage them. Some of the broad mitigation techniques of landslide are given as follows:

• Hazard mapping to locate areas prone to landslides. Hence, such areas can be avoided for building settlements
• Construction of a retention wall to stop the land from slipping
• Increase in the vegetation cover to arrest landslide
• The surface drainage control works to control the movement of a landslide along with rainwater and spring flows

Factors of Soil Formation

• The nature of the parent rock
• Climatic factors
• Role of organic material
• Time taken for the composition of soil formation

Degradation of Soil and Conservation Measures

Soil erosion and depletion are the major threats to the soil as a resource. Both human and natural factors can lead to degradation of soils. Factors which lead to soil degradation are:

• deforestation
• overgrazing
• overuse of chemical fertilizers or pesticides
• landslides and floods

Meanwhile, some methods of soil conservation are given below:

Mulching: The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw, and it helps to retain soil moisture

Contour barriers: Stones, grass, and soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front of the barriers to collect water.

Rock dam: Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water and also help to prevent gullies and further soil loss

Terrace farming: Broad flat steps or terraces are made on steep slopes so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops, thus reducing surface runoff and soil erosion

Intercropping: Different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rainwash

Contour ploughing: Ploughing parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to flow down the slope

Shelterbelts: In the coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to protect soil cover

Three fourth of the Earth’s surface is covered with a vital renewable natural resource known as water. Oceans cover about 2/3rds of the earth’s surface and support a wide variety of plant and animal life. However, it is saline and not useful for human consumption. Freshwater accounts for only 2.7% and 70% of these occur as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and mountain regions, and they are inaccessible because of their location. Thus, only 1% of freshwater is useful for human consumption.

Water can neither be added nor subtracted from the earth, and its total volume remains constant. Its abundance seems to vary only because of the constant motion, cycling through the oceans, the air, the land and back again through the processes of evaporation, precipitation and run-off. This, as you already know, is referred to as the ‘water cycle’.

Problems of Water Availability

Most parts of the world are facing shortages in the freshwater supply. Countries located in climatic zones most susceptible to droughts face great problems of water scarcity. Thus, water shortage may be a consequence of variation in seasonal or annual precipitation or the scarcity is caused by overexploitation and contamination of water sources.

Conservation of Water Resources

To get access to clean and adequate water sources, steps have been taken to preserve this resource:

• Forest and other vegetation cover slow the surface runoff and replenish underground water Water harvesting is another method to save the surface runoff
• The canals used for irrigating fields should be properly lined to minimise losses by water seepage
• Sprinklers effectively irrigate the area by checking water losses through seepage and evaporation
• In dry regions with high rates of evaporation, drip or trickle irrigation is very useful
• The valuable water resource can, therefore, be conserved by adopting these means of irrigation

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Natural vegetation and wildlife exist only in the narrow zone of contact between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere that we call the biosphere. In the biosphere, living beings are interrelated and interdependent on each other for survival. This life-supporting system is known as the ecosystem. Wildlife includes animals, birds, insects as well as the aquatic life forms. The birds feed on insects and act as decomposers as well. Vulture, due to its ability to feed on dead livestock, is a scavenger and is considered a vital cleanser of the environment. So, animals, big or small, all are integral to maintaining balance in the ecosystem.

Distribution of Natural Vegetation

The growth of vegetation depends primarily on temperature and moisture. The major vegetation types of the world are grouped as forests, grasslands, scrubs and tundra.

In areas of heavy rainfall- Huge trees thrive- forests are thus associated with areas having abundant water supply. As the number of moisture decreases- the size of trees and their density reduces-short stunted trees and shrubs from growing in regions of moderate rainfall. In dry areas- Thorny shrubs and scrubs grow in low rainfall areas.

Conservation of Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Changes in climate and human interference can cause the loss of natural habitats for plants and animals. Deforestation, soil erosion, construction activities, forest fires, tsunami and landslides are some of the human and natural factors that accelerate the process of extinction of these resources. One other major concern is poaching which results in a sharp decline in the number of particular species. National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves are made to protect our natural vegetation and wildlife. Conservation of creeks, lakes, and wetlands is necessary to save the precious resource from depletion.

Awareness programmes like social forestry and Vanamohatasava are also established at the regional and community level. School children are also encouraged to bird watch and visit nature camps so that they appreciate the habitat of varied species. Many countries have passed laws against the trade as well as the killing of birds and animals. In India, killing lions, tigers, deer, great Indian bustards, and peacocks is illegal. Meanwhile, an international convention CITES has been established that lists several species of animals and birds in which trade is prohibited.

Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Class 8 Geography Notes Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

What is the meaning of  topography.

Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces.

What are the disadvantages of deforestation?

The disadvantages of deforestation are climate imbalance, global warming, soil erosion, wildlife extinction and acidic oceans

What are the natural resources available on the Earth?

Oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand are the natural resources available on the Earth. Other natural resources are air, sunlight, soil and water.

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