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The English subject contains 6 books for class 12 students. You can access textbook questions as well as additional Zigya Questions and Exam Questions with solutions. Here is a list of chapters for your reference:

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2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Dialogue Writing

You can Download 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Dialogue Writing, 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers , Karnataka State Board Solutions help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Dialogue Writing

2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Dialogue Writing

You are aware that language is used to perform different functions in oral and written forms like asking for information, apologizing, greeting and so on. Note, that to construct a dialogue, you must first try to find out the relationship between the speakers. You must also be aware of the context of the dialogue. The purpose of the dialogue is important to generate an appropriate dialogue. Find out if the dialogue should include formal or informal expressions. A dialogue begins with a greeting and ends with leave taking.

Look at the following sample of a dialogue.

(Prof. Omkar wants to buy a new computer for his personal use. He consults Mr. Raju, a Computer Engineer). Omkar : Good evening, Mr. Raju. (Greeting) Raju : Hello, Professor ! I’m seeing you after a long time. How are you? (Introduction) Omkar : Fine, thank you. I’m writing a book. But my computer is giving me a lot of trouble. Now, I want to buy a new PC. Could you help me? (Sharing information) (Problem / Complaint) Raju : Certainly. Which PC do you have now? Omkar : I have an old Pentium II processor. Now that I am quite familiar with the computer, I can use a faster system. Raju : Quite right. I think you should go in for a Pentium III. Omkar : What technical specifications should I look for : (Seeking information) Raju : Well, a 20 GB Hard Disc Drive and 128 MB RAM, I suppose. That should be more than enough for your work. (Giving information) Omkar : Thank you. See you tomorrow. (Leave taking)

Complete the following dialogues :

Exercise 1 : Teacher : You are late to class, Pradeep. (Complaining) Padeep : Madam, _________ I _________ the bus the next bus (Apologizing) leacher : In that case you should (Suggesting) Pradeep : _________ (Agreeing, Leave taking) Answer : Teacher : You are late tu class, Pradeep. (CompIainng) Pradeep : Madam, I amsoy. I missed the bus. The next bus was late (Apologizing) Teacher : In that case you should attend the next period (Suggesting) Pradeep : Thainkïou_madimjijI. (Agreeing, Leave taking)

Exercise 2 : (Ra.hui and his wife Latha plan to have a holiday. They discuss the options.) Rahul : Latha, today r :j boss told me that I could take I vacition. Latha : _________ (congratulating) Rahul : _________ (suggesting) Latha : _________ (disagreeing) Rahu.l : _________ (giving an option) Latha : How about Shimla ? It ill be lovely there. Rahul : But you know i’m not much of a mountaineer. latha : You love the sea, don’t you? Rahul : ________________________. Latha : Why don’t you call a travel agency, right away? Rahul : ________________________. Answer : Rahul : Latha, today my boss told me that I could take I vacation. Latha : Oh! that is wonderful. (congratulating) Rahul : Let’s go to North India. (suggesting) Latha : No, it will be very cold there now. (disagreeing) Rahul : 0k. Why not Kanyakumari? (giving an option) Latha : How about Shimla? It’ll be lovely there. Rahul : But you know I’m not much of a mountaineer. Latha : You love the sea, don’t you? Rahul : Certainly, yes. Latha : Why don’t you call a travel agency, right away? Rahúl : I will call them ¡ust now.

Exercise 3 : You and your friend are at the cinema. You have got two seats on either side of a gentleman, who offers to change his seat so that you and your friend can sit together. Complete the dialogue given below. You : Excuse me, sir. Could you please _________? Gentleman : Oh yes, definitely. Where are your seats? You : They are on either side of your seat. Gentleman : ___________________________ You : Thank you, sir. We’ve been waiting to see this movie together. Gentleman : [understand. By the way ____________? You : I am Aniket. ________________ ? Gentleman : Fine thank you. (Language functions expected – calling attention, requesting for a favour, introducing, agreeing) Answer : You Excuse me, sir. COUld you please Chin your seat? Gentleman : Oh yes, definitely. Where are your seats? You : They are on either side of your seat. Gentleman : Then I will move to the last seat. You : Thank you, sir. We’ve been waiting to see this movie together. Gentleman : I understand. By the way what’s your name? You : J am Aniket. And he is Prasad ? Gentleman : Fine thank you. (Language functions expected – calling attention, requesting for a favour, introducing, agreeing)

Exercise 4 : (Ms. Shanta wants to buy a new TV set. She visits the showroom and talks to the sales person there.) Sales person : Good morning madam. Can I help you? Ms. Shanta : ____________________ Sales person : Do you have any particular brand in mind? Ms. Shanta : _____________________ ‘ Sales person : Both are very good madam. We have the latest models. Ms. Shanta : ______________________ Sales person : Certainly Ms. Shanta : ___________________ (anguage functions expected-greeting, seeking information, making requests, expressing gratitute) Answer : Sales person Good morning madam. Can I help you? Ms. Shanta Yes thank you. I am looking for a LCD TV. Sales person Do you have any particular brand in mind? MsShanta I like the brands Sony or Samsung Sa les person Both are very good madam. We have the latest models. Ms. Shanta Can I see them? I like Sony better, Sales person Certainly Ms. Shanta Thank you. I will buy the sony T.V.

Exercise 5 : Neetu is interested in doing a course in journalism. She calls up the Department of Journalism to find out the details of the course. The Public Relations Officer answers the phone. P.R.Q. : Good morning. Department of Journalism. Neetu : __________ (Introducing and enquiring about the courses) P.R.O. : We offer two courses. Bachelor of Communication and Journalism (BCJ) and Master of Communication and Journalism(MCJ). Neetu : ________ (request to know about the duration of the course). P.R.O. : BD is a two year course and MCi isa one year course. Any graduate can apply for BCJ and those who have passed BCJ can apply for MCi. Neetu : _______ (ma king enquiry about selection) P.R.O. : There will be a written test and interview. Neetu : _________ (expressing gratitude) Answer : P.R.O. : Good morning. Department of Journalism. Neetu : Good morningmadam. I am Neetu. Can I know about the courses you offer? (Introducing and enquiring about the courses) P.R.O. : We offer two courses. Bachelor of Communication and Journalism (BCJ) and Master of Communication and Journalìsm(MCJ). Neetu : May I know how long are the courses? (request to know about the duration of the course). P.R.O. : BCJ is a two year course and MCi is a one year course. Any graduate can apply for BCJ and those who have passed BCJ can apply for MCI. Neetu : Madam I want to take up MCi. May I know about the selection process? (making enquiry about selection) P.R.O. : There will be a written test and interview. Neetu : Thank you Madam. I will appear for the test and interview (expressing gratitude)

Exercise 6 : At a friend’s house, while studying together for the examination : Akshay : Today we have to complete three units of Thermodynamics. What do you suggest? Gagan : ________ (Agreeing) Aravind : Shall we take a small break? Akshay : _________ (disagreeing) Gagan : It is already 10 pm. I must finish studying what we had decided on. Akshay : __________ (asking about preferences) Arvind : _________ (leave taking) Answer : Akshay : Today we have to complete three units of Thermodynamics. What do you suggest? Gagan : Yes, we certainty have to (Agreeing) Aravind : Shall we take a small break? Akshay : No, we can’t waste even a minute (disagreeing) Gagan : It is already 10 pm. I must finish studying what we had decided on. Akshay : So, do you want to complete the chapter? (asking about preferences) Arvind : Well let us complete it. Good bye (leave taking)

Exercise 7 : Anu knocks on the door of the doctor’s consulting room.. Doctor : Please come in. Anu : (greeting and introducing) Doctor : Please sit down. Now tell me about your problem. Anu : ________ (giving information) . Doctor : How long did it last? And when did your giddiness start? Anu : _________ (giving more informalion) Doctor : Let me examine you. Anu : __________________ Answer : Doctor : Please come in. Anu : Good morning Doctor. I am Anu (greeting and introducing) Doctor : Please sit down. Now tell me about your problem. Anu : I am feeling giddy. Doctor (giving information) Doctor : When did your giddiness start? How long did it last? Anu : It lasted for about five minutes (giving more information) Doctor : Let me examine you. Anu : 0k. Doctor.

Exercise 8 Complete the speech bubbles :

2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Dialogue Writing 1

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2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Pdf Download Karnataka

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  • December 15, 2020

One-stop Solution for all your English learning is 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Pdf Download of Springs English Textbook 2nd PUC Answers, Streams English Workbook 2nd PUC Answers, 2nd PUC English Lessons Summary Poems Summary, Textbook Questions and Answers, English Model Question Papers With Answers, English Question Bank, English Grammar Notes Pdf, English Study Material 2020-21 are part of  2nd PUC Question Bank with Answers . Use all the Questions and Answers available on our site for free while practicing 2nd PUC English Subject. Also, refer to Free KSEEB Solutions for 2nd PUC English Notes for better practice. Learn the simple ways to improve 2nd PUC English Skills with the help of the KSEEB 2nd PUC English Solutions PDF. Karnataka Board Solutions for 2nd PUC English PDF for free download. Be the first to get your Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board 2nd PUC English Solutions PDF.

Karnataka 2st PUC English Subject Notes is helpful material developed by subject experts. Use all the Questions and Answers available on our site for free while practicing 2nd PUC English Subject. Also, refer to Free KSEEB Solutions for 2nd PUC English Notes for better practice. Learn the simple ways to improve 2nd PUC English Skills with the help of the KSEEB 2nd PUC English Solutions PDF. Karnataka Board Solutions for 2nd PUC English PDF for free download. Be the first to get your Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board 2nd PUC English Solutions PDF. Students can also read  2nd PUC English Model Question Papers with Answers  hope will definitely help for your board exams.

2nd PUC English Question Bank with Answers

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Pdf Download

FREE downloadable Karnataka State Board Springs English Textbook 2nd PUC Answers and Streams English Workbook 2nd PUC Answers, Solutions Guide Pdf download.

2nd PUC English Textbook Springs Answers Pdf

You can download Karnataka State Board Springs English Textbook 2nd PUC Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Lessons Summary, Poem Summary, Textual Exercises.

  • Chapter 1 Romeo and Juliet (William Shakespeare)
  • Chapter 2 Too Dear! (Leo Tolstoy)
  • Chapter 3 On Children (Kahlil Gibran)
  • Chapter 4 Everything I Need to Know I Learned in the Forest (Vandana Shiva)
  • Chapter 5 A Sunny Morning (Serafin and Joaquin Alvarez Quinter)
  • Chapter 6 When You Are Old (WB Yeats)
  • Chapter 7 The Gardener (P Lankesh)
  • Chapter 8 To the Foot from its Child (Pablo Neruda)
  • Chapter 9 I Believe that Books will Never Disappear (Robert Alfino with Jorge Luis Borges)
  • Chapter 10 Heaven, If you are not here on Earth (Kuvempu)
  • Chapter 11 Japan and Brazil through a Traveller’s Eye (George Mikes)
  • Chapter 12 The Voter (Chinua Achebe)
  • Chapter 13 Where there is a Wheel (P Sainath)
  • Chapter 14 Water (Challapalli Swaroopa Rani)

2nd PUC English Grammar Notes Pdf

  • Note Making
  • Letter Writing Job Applications
  • Speech Writing
  • Report Writing
  • Unseen Passages
  • Dialogue Writing
  • Pronominal Words
  • Jumbled Words

2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Pdf

You can download Karnataka State Board Streams English Workbook 2nd PUC Answers and Solutions Pdf.

Unit 1: Language Use

  • Articles and Prepositions
  • Jumbled Segments
  • Subject-Verb Agreement
  • Framing Questions
  • Error Identification
  • Pairs of Words
  • Phrasal Verbs
  • Idioms and Phrases
  • Passive Voice
  • Reported Speech

Unit 2: Reading

  • Passages for Comprehension
  • Poems for Comprehension

Unit 3: Writing

  • Paragraph Writing/Expansion
  • Summarising
  • Job Applications

UNIT 4: Listening – Speaking

  • Note Taking
  • Integrated Exercises

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Blue Print of Model Question Paper

2nd PUC English Blue Print of Model Question Paper 1

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Design of the Question Paper

A. Length a. Very Short Answer (VSA) (a word /phrase / sentence) (47 Marks) b. Paragraph Answer (middle-length 80 to 100 words) (42 Marks) c. Long Answer (LA) (in about 200 words) (11 Marks)

B. Level of Response (I to VII) a. Easily Accessible (39 Marks) b. Moderately Challenging (45 Marks) c. Highly Challenging (16 Marks)

C. Rationale to be followed in the Question Paper Section I This should contain 4 questions on poetry and 8 on prose including the play. No True/False questions shall be asked. When MCQs are used, care should be taken to see that only one answer is possible.

Section II Ten questions are to be set here. Out of ten, 7 shall be set on prose units including the play and 3 on poems. A student has to answer at least 2 questions on poems.

Section III In this section an internal choice shall be provided with two questions set on prose units and one on poems. This question is aimed at testing the learner’s critical and analytical approach. The learner shall be provided an opportunity to come up with his/her personal views, stance and world view. The questions set in this section shall aim to do so.

Section IV An unseen passage of moderate length is to be selected for this section. Ten questions on this passage are to be set. Along with questions on factual details, a few inferential questions shall be set. These inferential questions shall not be consecutive. The questions set on lines chosen from the poem shall be aimed at testing extensive reading comprehension rather than testing the learner’s ability to appreciate. The lines from the poem shall be chosen from among the ones given in the Reading Unit of the Work Book.

Section V This section shall contain questions on reported speech, use of the passive, dialogue writing, use of expressions and linkers. The questions set to test learning at these areas shall be contextualised.

Section VI In this section questions on composition skills like note making, letter writing, speech writing and report writing shall be set. The letter shall be a job application. An internal choice shall be provided between speech writing (expansion) and report writing. For report writing, a bar chart, pie chart or line graph shall be given with a variety of data.

Section VII This section aims to test the learner’s understanding of the pronominal words. For this purpose a short paragraph from the passage given at Q.No. 24 shall be given. The question on jumbled segments shall have a minimum of five segments and shall be chosen from one of the prose units in the Course Book.

Designing the best path will lead you to stay on the top. So, create your path to learn English by referring to the Karnataka Board Solutions for 2nd PUC English Material. You will definitely not look for any other source once you start learning with Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Solutions PDF. Get each and every update by bookmarking our site. You can also immediately contact us by giving comments in the comment section available below. Get different ways of Karnataka Board English Subject easy learning without any delay.

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2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter

Students who are in search of The Voter Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary. First check in which chapter you are lagging and then Download Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Chapter Wise. Students can build self confidence by solving the Answers with the help of Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC. English is the scoring subject if you improve your grammar skills. Because most of the students will lose marks by writing grammar mistakes. So, we suggest you to Download Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC English Answers according to the chapters.

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter

Check out the topics covered in 2nd PUC before you start your preparation. Improve your grammar skills with the help of Karnataka 2nd PUC English pdf links. The Answers for Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Springs Chapter 12 The Voter are prepared by the English experts. So, if you follow Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers you can cover all the topics in 2nd PUC Chapter 12 The Voter. This helps to improve your communication skills.

The Voter Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

The Voter Comprehension I

The Voter Questions And Answers 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 1. The roof was a popular young man because of he- a. had not abandoned his village.2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter b. wanted to guide his people. c. was forced to return to his village. Answer: (a) had not abandoned his village.

The Voter Summary 2nd Puc KSEEB Solution Question 2. Why was Marcus considered rich and powerful? Answer: Marcus had two long cars and had just built himself the biggest house anyone had seen in these parts. He had entertained his people slaughtering five bulls and countless goats to feed the people. Though the village had no electricity, he had installed a private plant to supply electricity to his new home. Secondly, his house was opened by the Archbishop. Thirdly, he had been made a minister after he won the election. That is why he was considered rich and powerful.

The Voter Notes 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 3. Marcus Ibe had earlier been a. doctor b. schoolteacher c. politician. Answer: (b) school teacher.

The Voter 2nd Puc Notes KSEEB Solution Question 4. The fact that Marcus Ibe left the good things of the capital and returned to his village whenever he could, shows a. his devotion to his people and love for the place b. he enjoyed all the comforts of the city in his village. c. he wanted to improve the amenities in his village. Answer: (b) he enjoyed all the comforts of the city in his village.

2nd Puc English Lesson The Voter Summary In English KSEEB Solution Question 5. After the feasting, the villagers a. praised Marcus’s faithfulness and generosity. b. intended to demand more for their votes c. realized Marcus’s wealth. Answer: (c) realized Marcus’s wealth.

Voter Notes 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 6. The ‘whispering campaign’ is a. secret campaigning at night b. bargaining for votes. c. clandestine distribution of money. Answer: (c) clandestine distribution of money.

The Voter By Chinua Achebe Questions And Answers 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 7. The village eider Ezenwa tilted the lamp a little because a. he could not see properly. b. the place was too dark. c. he wanted to confirm the amount paid to each. Answer: (c) he wanted to confirm the amount paid to each.

Question 8. ‘Firewood’ refers to a. Roof taking advantage of the situation. b. the advantages of being a voter. c. the benefits the elders received. Answer: (c) the benefits the elders received.

Question 9. Roof and the leader of the POP campaign team were a. friends. b. strangers. c. acquaintances. Answer: (a, c) friends/acquaintances.

Question 10. The roof was mesmerized by a. the red notes on the floor. b. the picture of the cocoa farmer. c. the POP campaign leader. Answer: (a) the red notes on the floor.

Question 11. Roof’s act of inserting the torn ballot papers in two boxes signifies a. keeping his promise. b. appeasing Iyi c. absolving himself of his guilt Answer: (c) absolving himself of his guilt.

The Voter Comprehension II

Question 1. Trace the change in the attitude of the villagers before the second election. Give reasons. OR Why did the people decide not to cast their vote for free in the forthcoming election? OR Explain the change that had come into the thinking of Umuofia in ‘The Voter’. OR Trace the reasons behind the ‘radical change’ that had come into the thinking ofUmuofia in ‘The Voter’. Answer: In this short story, Chinua Achebe makes an attempt to present before the reader how ‘elections’ lose their sanctity and are misused by greedy politicians for self-aggrandizement instead of bringing about improvement in the life of the people.

The people of Umuofia vote en masse in favor of the People’s Alliance Party and elect Marcus Ibe, a local teacher, as their leader. Once getting elected, people see a great many changes in Marcus’ life. Their elected representative becomes wealthy, is awarded chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees, besides many other honours. He also builds a huge mansion in his native village and names it ‘Umuofia Mansions’. He spends most of his time in the capital and comes back to stay in his village mansion sometimes.

The villagers do not have running water and electricity, but he gets a private plant installed in his village to supply electricity to his new house. To top it all, his new house is opened by the Archbishop. On the day the new house is opened, he hosts a grand dinner to all the people of his village, slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. The common people realize that winning an election can change an ordinary mission school teacher into a wealthy and powerful man.

They also know that it is their ballot which has given him all those benefits. They recall that they had given their votes free of charge five years ago. They realize that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper and should not do so again. That is why, in the second election, they demand money for their votes.

Question 2. What was the justification for the formation of the POP? OR What reasons are given for the formation of the POP? Answer: POP stands for Progressive Organisation Party. This party is formed by the tribes down the coast to save themselves from ‘totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation’. The POP was a complete non-entity in the first election. Once the organizers come to know that there is no opposition party, some rich members of the tribes down the coast, form this party. They want the people to know that they will be paid pounds and not shillings if they listen to them and vote for them. In the story, we do not get any hint about the objectives of the PAP, but the organizers of the POP claim that they want to save the people from political, religious, cultural annihilation, though they appear to be no better.

From the situation described in the story, we can infer that the writer intends to tell the reader that no political party is seriously interested in improving the welfare of the people. They seem to know for sure that by winning an election, they can take the government in their hands and become rich. They seem to be unaware of their duties and responsibilities.

Question 3. The roof is an intelligent manipulator. Justify with reference to the story, OR What is the role played by Roof in ‘The Voter’? Answer: Roof Okeke is an energetic young man and has come back to his own village Umuofia, after working as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice for two years in Port Harcourt. It is true that he would have enjoyed a rich life if he had stayed on in his job. But he comes back to the village and tells the people that he wants to guide them in difficult times. Later he becomes an ’election campaign manager’ for Marcus Ibe and over a period of five years becomes an expert in election campaigning at all levels.

In the story, we get to know more about Roof when he is on the job, engaged in one of his whispering campaigns. He tells the elders that Marcus Ibe, being a ‘son’ from their village, has been made a minister and it should be considered a great honour. Then he tries to use his rationalistic thinking with the people. He asks them, “Do you ever stop to ask yourselves why we should be singled out for this honour?” He himself answers his question. He tells them that they are favoured by the PAP leaders. Here we see Roof as a manipulator at work. He knows for sure that Marcus was perhaps the only man with some education.

Secondly, there was no opposition party. Basically, the village folk were innocent and naive and hardly realized the meaning of an election and the value of their mandate. Roof exploits this situation to his advantage.

Moreover, when he comes to learn that people had understood the benefits of entering politics and winning an election as seen in the case of Marcus Ibe and are now planning not to give their vote free of charge, he immediately informs Marcus and keeps him prepared to pay some money to the people in exchange for their votes.

Finally, we get a clear picture of Roof as a manipulator when he accepts five pounds from the election manager of POR He makes sure that they will not disclose the news of his accepting the money. He also tries to keep his conscience clear by telling them that he works for Marcus; while putting his ballot paper into the box, he cleverly manages to cast his vote for both Marcus and Maduka, without attracting the wrath of ‘iyi’.

The Voter Comprehension III

Question 1. The POP campaign leader’s meeting with Roof shows the misuse of transparency in a democratic setup. Discuss. Answer: In this story, Achebe satirizes ‘politicians’ and makes an attempt to show how even in a democratic setup election can become farcical.

Unlike in dictatorship or monarchy, in a democratic setup, people have the freedom to elect a ‘person’ to work as their representative in the government and work for their upliftment. One of the hallmarks of democracy is its insistence on transparency. Every person is subject to scrutiny by the public in the election process. A person is free to vote for a person of his choice from among the contestants. ‘Transparency’ in this refers to Roof’s informing the POP campaign leader that he is working for Marcus.

Secondly, whether Roof informs him or not, it is well known to everyone that Roof is Marcus’ election campaign manager. The candidates are permitted by law to make known to the people all such appointments and maintain transparency in their dealings.

However, no candidate can strike a deal with the people and buy their votes. But this is done clandestinely. The POP campaign leader knows that Roof is working for Marcus. Therefore, they want to buy Roof’s vote first so that they will let him know that the POP leaders will pay in pounds and not in shillings. This is the message they want to put across to the people through Roof. Probably, next time, Roof who has made a name as an efficient election campaign manager for Marcus, will be bold enough to demand ‘pounds’ instead of shillings from Marcus and if he refuses to pay in pounds, he might go and work for the POP leader. That way he will be able to motivate his people to vote for POP instead of the circus. Thus, the POP campaign managers’ meeting with Roof is daring misuse of transparency in a democratic setup.

Question 2. To every human comes a time of reckoning. How does Roof’s dilemma on the day of the election reflect this? OR Why did Roof face a dilemma while he was inside the voting booth? How did he resolve it? OR “There comes a time in every man’s life to decide”. Explain with reference to ‘The Voter’. Answer: In ‘The Voter’, Roof is an energetic young man who has the reputation of sacrificing a bright future for the sake of the people of his village. The roof has worked in a city for two years and has experience in dealing with both literates and illiterates. Based on this knowledge of general human behaviour, Roof builds for himself a career as an election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe.

When the story opens, we learn that Marcus Ibe is Chief the Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government and is seeking people’s mandate for a second term. We also learn that Marcus considers Roof a real expert in election campaigning at all levels. Roof knows how politicians make money. He also knows that the people of Umuofia have now decided to vote for Marcus for a price. Roof conveys this news to Marcus and prepares him beforehand.

Like an efficient manager, he tries to highlight the strong points of PAP and finally strike a bargain with the voters paying them four shillings per vote. Everything is now going according to his plan and is happy.

But, one evening, the leader of the POP campaign team comes to his house to meet him. He tempts Roof to vote for Maduka paying him five pounds. Roof’s greed tempts him to accept the offer. But, he also gets trapped. The leader asks him to swear on the ‘Iyi’, that he would vote for Maduka.

The roof cannot go back on his promise. So he swears to vote for Maduka. Finally, on the day of the voting, Marcus wants to make sure that every one of his people casts his vote without fail. Therefore, Roof being his election manager, Marcus sends him to the booth first to vote. Now, Roof is caught in a moral dilemma. All along he has worked for Marcus and his conscience does not permit him to cheat Marcus. Now, when Marcus asks him to cast his vote he is in two minds. He feels that he cannot betray Marcus. For a moment, his mind tells him that he should vote for Marcus and go back and return the money he had received from the POP election manager.

Secondly, he remembers that he had sworn on that ‘lyi’. In a few seconds, his mind hits on a new idea. He folds the ballot paper in the middle and tears it into two halves at the crease. He drops the first half into the box meant for Maduka and confirms his vote saying that he votes for Maduka. Since he has not taken an oath to vote for Marcus, there is no fear of ‘lyi’ in him but only his guilt. Since he has worked as his manager for money and rewards, he drops the other half into the box meant for Marcus. Thus, he ensures that he does not cheat either. By tearing the ballot paper and casting his vote for both of them he overcomes his moral dilemma.

Question 3. What comment does the story offer on the electoral system? Is it relevant? Answer: In ‘The Voter’, Achebe tries to present a true picture of the drama that is witnessed during an election held in a small town in Nigeria. There are two main characters and two political parties in the story and the voters are the villagers of Umuofia.

The roof is an energetic young man, who is now working as the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, who was once a local mission school teacher and was on the verge of dismissal from service on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint.

Marcus Ibe joins the People’s Alliance Party, contests the election, and gets elected. He becomes a minister and his government completes a five-year term and he is now seeking re-election. During his term as a minister, he amasses a lot of wealth, comes to own two big cars, builds a huge mansion in his native village, and wins several chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees.

But his people remain the same – poor, illiterate, ignorant, and naive. The situation in his village also does not show any improvement. The same old problems of lack of running water and electricity continue to plague the people and prevent them from improving economically and politically. When the story opens, we learn that Marcus Ibe is seeking a second term and everyone is sure that he is going to get a landslide victory because there is no opposition party worth taking into consideration.

But there is a change in the perception of the people. After feasting in Marcus’ new house and noticing his wealth and power, the poor people of Umuofia realize that ‘elections’ do have a meaning and their votes which they had underrated before, are of high value. Therefore, they demand some value for their votes and Roof manages to convince them that they should vote for Marcus again by giving four shillings each.

Some tribes down the coast had set up a new political party called POP with the objective of saving the people from ‘totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation’. Their campaign leader comes to Roof’s house and offers to buy his vote for five pounds. Roof initially is enamoured of the five-pound notes and agrees to vote.

But the POP leader cleverly gets him to swear on the ‘iyi’ that he will vote for Maduka. Finally, on election day, his conscience pricks him to a little extent and Roof feels like voting loyally for Marcus and returning the money to the POP election manager. But the oath he has taken before ‘iyi’ does not allow him to do so and there is a moral dilemma. However, Roof cuts his ballot paper in two, drops one half into the box meant for Maduka and drops the other half into the box meant for Marcus, and saves his conscience and his life too. This is the story in a nutshell.

There are lessons to learn from this story. We must note that merely naming our government as ‘democracy’ and setting up all the things needed for holding elections do not guarantee that people will be able to exercise their true mandate and will elect competent members to the government which will strive for the upliftment of the people socially, educationally, economically and culturally. We cannot guarantee democratic governance by merely holding elections regularly. First, we must educate the people about their rights, duties, and responsibilities in any election.

Secondly, we must ensure that people have the right to recall their representatives if they do not strive to improve a lot of people. Thirdly, elected representatives must be forced to account for their earnings after joining the government. Finally, there should be an authority which should oversee that sanctity of election procedures is not tampered with.

Also, those who get elected are self-centered and exploit the people and the situation to their benefit. On the whole, one can argue that by merely holding elections regularly we cannot ensure that a democratic government will come into place.

Secondly, the electoral system that is now in place in the story is not foolproof. As regards the relevance of the story to our own situation, one can argue that it is highly relevant even today. Even after nearly seven decades of independence, we have not been able to ensure free and fair elections, the main reason being the lack of education and moral values. We are witness to every type of corrupt practice in elections.

Question 4. ‘Democracy is more than holding elections regularly.’ Do you think the story supports this statement? Answer: In ‘The Voter’, Achebe tries to present a true picture of the drama that is witnessed during an election held in a small town in Nigeria. There are two main characters and two political parties in the story and the voters are the villagers of Umuofia. The roof is an energetic young man, who is now working as the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, who was once a local mission school teacher and was on the verge of dismissal from service on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint.

But his people remain the same – poor, illiterate, ignorant, and naive. The situation in his village also does not show any improvement. The same old problems of lack of running water and electricity continue t<3. plague the people and prevents them from improving economically and politically. When the story opens, we learn that Marcus Ibe is seeking a second term and everyone is sure that he is going to get a landslide victory because there is no opposition party worth taking into consideration.

Also, those who get elected are self-centred and exploit the people and the situation to their benefit. On the whole, one can argue that by merely holding elections regularly we cannot ensure that a democratic government will come into place. Secondly, the electoral system that is now in place in the story is not foolproof.

As regards the relevance of the story to our own situation, one can argue that it is highly relevant even today. Even after nearly seven decades of independence, we have not been able to ensure free and fair elections, the main reason being the lack of education and moral values. We are witness to every type of corrupt practice in elections.

The Voter Additional Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each:

Question 1. Where did Roof work as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice? OR What did Roof do in Port Harcourt? Answer: Roof worked as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in Port Harcourt.

Question 2. How long had Roof worked as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice? Answer: Roof worked as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice for two years.

Question 3. The roof had given up being a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in order to (a) contest elections (b) guide his people (c) campaign for Marcus. Answer: (b) and (c) guide his people/campaign for Marcus.

Question 4. Who had formed the Progressive Organisation Party? Answer: The Progressive Organisation Party (POP) had been formed by the tribes down the coast.

Question 5. To which village did Roof belong? Answer: To Umuofia.

Question 6. Who was supposed to be very popular in his village? Answer: Roof.

Question 7. According to the villagers, what was Roof’s motivation for leaving a promising career? Answer: The villagers believed that a strong desire to guide the people of Umuofia in difficult times was the motivation behind Roof’s leaving a promising career.

Question 8. Which political party did the people of Umuofia support? Answer: People’s Alliance Party.

Question 9. To which party did Marcus belong? Answer: To the People’s Alliance Party.

Question 10. What was Marcus in the outgoing government? Answer: Minister of Culture.

Question 11. Who did the Roof campaign for in the elections? Answer: For Marcus Ibe.

Question 12. What was Marcus Ibe before he joined politics? Answer: A mission school teacher.

Question 13. Why did Marcus Ibe face the threat of being dismissed from service as a school teacher? Answer: A female teacher had complained against Marcus Ibe. Hence, his dismissal was imminent.

Question 14. What had Marcus named his new house? Answer: ‘Umuofia Mansions’.

Question 15. Who was the most trusted campaigner of Marcus? Answer: Roof.

Question 16. How much salary had Marcus withdrawn in advance? OR How much had Marcus Ibe drawn in advance for the election? Answer: Five months’ salary.

Question 17. How much did Marcus offer the people at first to vote for him? Answer: Two shillings to each voter.

Question 18. How much did Marcus offer the people finally to vote for him? OR How many Shillings was finally accepted for the votes by the elders? Answer: Four shillings.

Question 19. Who was the enemy Roof referred to when he spoke to the elders? Answer: The Progressive Organisation Party.

Question 20. Who is the leader of the Progressive Organisation Party? OR Who had formed the POP? Answer: Maduka.

Question 21. How much money did the POP offer Roof to vote for Maduka? OR How much does Roof get from the representatives of Maduka? OR How much did the POP campaign team offer Roof for his vote? Answer: Five pounds.

Question 22. What was the election symbol of the People’s Alliance Party? OR What is the symbol used by Marcus in the election? Answer: A motor car.

Question 23. What was the symbol of the Progressive Organisation Party? Answer: A man’s head.

Question 24. What is ‘Umuofia Mansions’? OR Where did Marcus Ibe build his big mansion in ‘The Voter’? Answer: ‘Umuofia Mansions’ is the name of the biggest house in Umuofia, built by Marcus Ibe.

Question 25. Where, on the election morning, did Marcus Ibe sit shaking hands with the villagers? OR Where was Marcus Ibe seated on the morning of the election? Answer: On the election morning, Marcus Ibe sat in the ‘owner’s corner’ of his enormous green car, shaking hands with the villagers.

Question 26. What was Rufus Okeke called as? OR Who was addressed as Roof, for short? Answer: Rufus Okeke was called Roof for short by the people of his village.

Question 27. What had Marcus promised the voters if he was elected in the forthcoming election? OR Mention the promise made by PAP if they were voted to power. Answer: Marcus had promised to give pipe-borne water to the village if he was elected in the forthcoming election.

Question 28. Who competed against Marcus in the elections? Answer: Maduka, the leader of the POP, competed against Marcus in the elections.

Question 29. What warning did Roof give Marcus about the coming elections? Answer: The roof had warned Marcus about the radical change that had come into the thinking of Umuofia since the last national election.

Question 30. Why did Marcus Ibe join politics? Answer: Marcus had wisely joined politics just in time to avoid imminent dismissal arising from a female teacher’s complaint.

Question 31. What does PAP stand for? Answer: PAP stands for the People’s Alliance Party.

Question 32. What does POP stand for? Answer: POP stands for Progressive Organisation Party.

Question 33. How much did Roof give the villagers to cast their votes for Marcus? Answer: The roof gave four shillings to each of the villagers to cast their votes for Marcus.

Question 34. What was Roof made to swear on to ensure his vote for Maduka? OR What was Roof asked to swear on by the POP team? Answer: The roof was made to swear on the Iyi of Mbanta to ensure his vote for Maduka.

Question 35. Who was PAP’s most illustrious son referred to in ‘The Voter’? Answer: Marcus Ibe was PAP’s most illustrious son referred to in ‘The Voter’.

Question 36. Who was the Minister of Culture in the outgoing government in ‘The Voter’? Answer: Marcus Ibe was the Chief Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government mentioned in the voter.

Question 37. Name the man of high traditional title in Umuofia mentioned in ‘The Voter’. Answer: Ogbuefi Ezenwa is the man of high traditional title in Umuofia mentioned in ‘The Voter’.

Question 38. Mention one of the honours/benefits politics had brought to Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’. Answer: Some of the honours/benefits politics had brought to Marcus Ibe were wealth, chieftaincy titles, and doctorate degrees.

Question 39. Opposition to Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’ was like (a) a fly trying to move a dunghill. (b) the bird challenging his personal spirit (c) a mortar turning its back on the ground. Answer: (a) a fly trying to move a dunghill.

Question 40. Who conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’? Answer: Marcus Ibe’s stalwarts conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’.

Question 41. The roof offered _____ shillings initially to the elders for their votes in ‘The Voter’. (a) four (b) two (c) five Answer: (b) two.

Question 42. Where does the iyi come from, according to the POP campaigner, in ‘The Voter’? Answer: According to the POP campaigner in ‘The Voter’, the ‘iyi’ comes from Manta.

Question 43. Whose election symbol was ‘man’s head’ in ‘The Voter’? Answer: In ‘The Voter’, ‘Man’s head’ was the election symbol of the Progressive Organisation Party (POP).

Question 44. What precaution did Roof take while inserting the ballot paper in ‘The Voter’? Answer: In ‘The Voter’, while inserting the ballot paper, Roof took the precaution of putting the first half into Maduka’s box.

Question 45. When did Marcus’s boys conduct whispering campaigns in ‘The Voter’? Answer: In ‘The Voter’, Marcus’s boys conducted whispering campaigns at night.

Question 46. How many elders were there when Roof conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’? Answer: There were five elders besides Roof and his assistant when Roof conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’.

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph of 80 – 100 words each:

Question 1. The roof was a very popular man in his village. Give reasons. Answer: Roof Okeke was an energetic young man and had come back to his own village Umuofia, after working as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice for two years in Port Harcourt. It was true that he would have enjoyed a rich life if he had stayed on in his job. But he came back to the village and told the people that he wanted to guide them in difficult times. Later he became an ‘election campaign manager’ for Marcus Ibe and over a period of five years became an expert in election campaigning at all levels. Hence he was a very popular man in his village.

Question 2. How did the POP campaign team trap Roof? OR Describe the meeting held by the POP campaign team with Roof in ‘The Voter’. OR Describe the meeting held by the POP campaign team with Roof in ‘The Voter’. Answer: In the story ‘The Voter’, Roof is the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, a candidate of the People’s Alliance Party. On the night before the election, the leader of the POP campaign team visits Roof’s house. He places five pounds on the floor and tells Roof that he wanted his vote. Initially, Roof did not know what to say or do. But, when he gets up from his chair, closes the door, and comes back, he gets enough time to weigh the proposition. He craves to make such a huge amount, his own.

However, his conscience pricks him and he tells in a feeble voice that the other person knows that he works for Marcus and it will be very bad on his part to accept a bribe, vote for Maduka, and deceive his own master. But when the other person tells him that Marcus will not know who he has voted for, Roof throws away his moral scruples to the wind and asks him whether anyone will talk about him outside. When he assures him that they are only interested in votes and not gossip, Roof’s greed tempts him to accept the offer. But, he also gets trapped. The leader asks him to swear on the Tyi’, that he would vote for Maduka. The roof cannot go back on his promise. So he swears to vote for Maduka.

Question 3. Describe the last-minute election campaign in Umuofia. OR Give a picture of the activities on the election morning. Answer: On the day of the election, Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe was doing things in a grand style. He had hired a highlife band from Umuru and stationed it at such a distance from the voting booths as just managed to be lawful. Many villagers danced to the music, their ballot papers held aloft, before proceeding to the booths. Marcus sat in the ‘owner’s corner’ of his enormous green car and smiled and nodded. Some villagers came up to the car, shook hands with the great man, and said in advance ‘Congrats!’

Roof and the other organizers were prancing up and down, giving last-minute advice to the voters and pouring with sweat. Roof tried to guide illiterate women saying “Our sign is the motor-car”. Then he told them, “Don’t look at the other with the man’s head: it is for those whose heads are not correct”. Finally, he shouted, “Vote for the car and you will ride in it!”

Question 4. How is Roof’s dilemma brought out in ‘The Voter’? OR Roof’s dilemma on the day of the election is the result of his own misdeeds. Do you agree? Give reasons. Answer: On the day of the election, we see Roof in a moral dilemma. For the first time, his moral conscience pricks him not to betray Marcus. But it is only a momentary impulse and vanishes almost immediately when Roof recalls the picture of iyi and the cocoa farmer harvesting his crop. Then he hits on an idea of deceiving both Marcus and Maduka. He folds the ballot paper, tears it in two at the crease, and drops the first half into the box meant for Maduka and the other half into the box meant for Marcus. Thus, the writer successfully delineates how ‘money politics’ can corrupt people at all levels. It also reveals the contagious nature of an immoral attitude as the villagers who feel they “have climbed the iroko tree today and would be foolish not to take down all the firewood needed” blatantly ask for bribes.

It is Roof who is responsible for this moral degradation. The fall of Roof demonstrates the deepening level of corruption and the dimming of moral principles. Although Roof overcomes his personal dilemma on election day by tearing his ballot paper in two – one-piece for Maduka, the opponent, and one for Chief Marcus Ibe, his own employer his act illustrates the basic unreliability and political dishonesty of people working for elections. The plot of the story hinging on this man who bribes the electorate and who is bribed in turn drives home the deviant tendency of the political scene.

Question 5. What changes did politics bring in Marcus Ibe? OR Describe how Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’ had managed to become a ‘successful’ politician. OR Everyone is full of praise for Marcus Ibe. What qualities and achievements attracted the people to praise him? Answer: Marcus Ibe was a not-too-successful mission school teacher. When he was almost on the verge of dismissal on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint, he joined politics, got elected as a representative of Umuofia, and was made Minister of Culture. People referred to him as Chief the Honourable Minister of Culture. In a period of five years Marcus became very wealthy, was given many chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees and several other honours.

He got a huge mansion built in Umuofia and named it ‘Umuofia Mansions’ and got it opened by the Archbishop. On the day of the opening, he hosted a grand lunch to the people of his village slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. After feasting in his house, people were full of praise for him. They opined that he was a great man and does his things like a great man. He also owned two big cars.

Question 6. Account for Roof’s popularity in ‘The Voter’. OR The roof was a very popular man in his village. Give reasons. Answer: Rufus Okeke, called Roof for short, was a very popular man in his village. His popularity was due to the fact that even after spending two years as a bicycle apprentice in Port Harcourt, Roof had come back to Umuofia of his own free will with the intention of guiding his people in difficult times. If he had stayed on in his job he would have enjoyed a rich life. By this gesture, he wins the gratitude and admiration of his people.

Question 7. What was the whispering campaign and how did Roof conduct it in ‘The Voter’? Answer: A ‘whispering campaign’ refers to secret meetings held between the group of elders of a village and the election campaign manager of a political party. The election manager goes to such campaigns armed with money bags and woos the voters offering money for votes.

In ‘The Voter’, Roof, the most trusted campaigner of the PAP, conducted a whispering campaign in the house of Ogbuefi Ezenwa, a man of the high traditional title. Initially, Roof tried to kindle the pride of the people telling them that the PAP had made Marcus Ibe, one of their own sons, Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government, and offered them 2 shillings each initially. But, Ezenwa rejected it saying that two shillings were shameful and Marcus was a great man, who did his things like a great man. Later, when Roof offered them 2 more shillings each, they accepted it and agreed to cast their vote for Marcus Ibe. Thus, Roof conducted his whispering campaign.

Question 8. Why was Roof in a fix when putting in his ballot paper, in ‘The Voter’? Answer: As soon as Roof went into the voting booth, he was confronted by the ‘car’ on one box and the ‘head’ on the other. He took out his ballot paper from his pocket and looked at it. For a moment he found himself caught in a moral dilemma. He could not decide whether he should vote for Marcus Ibe of the PAP or Maduka of POP.

As the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, he had worked enthusiastically urging the people to vote for PAP. He had also taken a lot of money and other gifts for his service. But, now he had put himself in a fix because he had accepted five pounds from the POP and had sworn before the ‘iyi’ that he would vote for Maduka. So he did not want to cheat, because his fear of ‘iyi’ from Mbanta troubled him seriously. On the other hand, he felt guilty for betraying Marcus Ibe. For a moment he felt like going back to the campaign manager and returning his five pounds.

Finally, the moment he thought of the red notes, he visualized the cocoa farmer busy at work and his swearing on that ‘iyi’. Therefore, he folded the ballot paper, tore it into two along the crease, and put one half in each box. He put the first half into Maduka’s box confirming his action verbally, “1 vote for Maduka”.

Question 9. Trace the behaviour of Roof on the day of voting. Answer: On the day of the election, Roof appears to be seriously interested in ensuring that the voters know who to vote for and how to exercise their choice. Along with others Roof prances up and down giving last-minute advice to the voters. As soon as the first rush of voters is over, Marcus promptly asks his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. He asks Roof to go first. Roof’s spirits fall, but he lets no one see it. Roof dashes off in his springy fashion towards the booth.

When Roof goes into the booth, he faces a moral dilemma. But he overcomes his moral dilemma, cuts the vote into two, and drops the two halves in the boxes, one half for Marcus and the other half for Maduka. While coming out, he looks as happy as he was when he went in. Thus, by putting on a happy face and walking with a lot of energy in his gait while going into the booth as well as while coming out of the booth, Roof is able to conceal his betrayal of Marcus in the election.

III. Answer the following questions in about 200 words each:

Question 1. Do you think Roof is right in tearing the ballot paper into two? Explain. OR Do you agree or disagree with how Roof resolves his dilemma regarding how to cast his vote? OR In the story, Roof has to make a difficult decision about how to cast his vote. Do you agree with the way he resolves this dilemma? Why or why not? OR Why does Roof tear the ballot paper into two? Answer: The main focus of Achebe in ‘The Voter’ is the satirisation of money politics and the contagious nature of corruption. Roof, the protagonist of the story, is an energetic young man of Umuofia, who has come back to his village giving up a bright future in the city. People believe that he has come back to guide them in difficult times and so hold him in high esteem.

The village Umuofia already belonged en masse to the People’s Alliance Party and had elected Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe as their representative in the previous election and nobody doubted his re-election this time also. The man behind Marcus’ success is Roof. He was his election campaign manager and had become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels.

But towards the end of the story, we see that Roof is offered five pounds by the leader of the election campaign for a POP on condition that Roof votes for Maduka. A roof does not hesitate at all but tries to tell them that he is working for Marcus. But they allay his fears telling him that Marcus will not be there to watch him when he drops his vote in the box. Roof accepts their offer and swears to vote for Maduka in the presence of ‘iyi’.

On the day of the election, Marcus wants to make sure that every one of his people votes for him. Therefore, he asks Roof to cast his vote first. When Roof goes into the booth, he faces a moral dilemma. His conscience tells him that he ought not to betray Marcus. There is an impulse in him to run to the leader of the POP election campaign manager and return his money. But, when he recalls that he had sworn to vote for Maduka in the presence of ‘iyi’, he changes his decision in a split second and folds the ballot paper in two. He tears it into two halves and drops the first half into the box meant for Maduka and the other half into Marcus’ box. He also confirms his vote for Maduka by saying aloud, “I vote for Maduka”, and then goes out happily.

This act of Roof, of tearing the ballot in two, invalidates his vote. When a person tears it in two, it is clear that he has not chosen any person at all, though he may have dropped the two halves of the paper into different boxes. When Roof tears the ballot paper in two it is only to resolve the moral dilemma he is facing and not with the intention of exercising his choice. If he puts two halves in two different boxes, it does not mean that he has voted in favour of both. Actually it is an invalid vote. This is against the spirit of elections and is condemnable.

Question 2. How does Roof conceal his betrayal of Marcus in the election? Elucidate. Answer: On the day of the election, Roof appears to be seriously interested in ensuring that the voters know who to vote for and how to exercise their choice. Along with others Roof prances up and down giving last-minute advice to the voters and pouring with sweat. As soon as the first rush of voters is over, Marcus promptly asks his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. He asks Roof to go first. Roof’s spirits fall, but he lets no one see it. Roof dashes off in his springy fashion towards the booths. When Roof goes into the booth, he faces a moral dilemma.

But he overcomes his moral dilemma, cuts the vote into two, and drops the two halves in the boxes, one half for Marcus and the other half for Maduka. While coming out, he looks as happy as he was when he went in. Thus, by putting on a happy face and walking with a lot of energy in his gait while going into the booth as well as while coming out of the booth, Roof is able to conceal his betrayal of Marcus in the election.

Question 3. Give an account of Roof’s role as an election campaigner. OR The roof is an expert election campaigner. Substantiate the statement. Answer: The roof is an energetic young man of Umuofia, who has come back to his village giving up a bright future in the city. People believe that he has come back to guide them in difficult times and hence hold him in high esteem. When we read about the election, the writer tells us that the village of Umuofia already belonged en masse to the People’s Alliance Party and had elected Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe as their representative in the previous election and nobody doubted his re-election this time also. The man behind Marcus’ success is Roof.

The roof was his election campaign manager and had become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels. Having already seen a change in Marcus’ status and wealth, Roof is able to gauge the people’s mood and the change in people’s perception of Marcus Ibe and had conveyed to his leader that a radical change had come in them. This way he prepares Marcus to plan his strategy to woo the voters in the coming elections.

After feasting in Marcus’ house on the day of the opening of his new house, people had realized what good things politics had showered on Marcus. They also regretted to a little extent that they had given their vote to Marcus free of charge in the previous election. Therefore, this time, they decided to demand a price for their vote. As expected, Roof, being an expert in election campaigning, comes armed with money to his whispering campaigns.

During his whispering campaigns, Roof uses a lot of political rhetoric and tells the people convincingly that PAP favours the people of Umuofia. He says, “What greater honour can a village have? Do you ever stop to ask yourselves why we should be singled out for this honour? Think of the pipe-borne water they have promised us …” This way Roof manages to mesmerize the naive people into believing that Marcus is a great man and is going to do great things for their village.

Besides, Roof satisfies their desire for a share of Marcus’ earnings by giving them four shillings each. On the day of the election, Marcus entertains the people hiring a highlife band from Umuru. He sits in an enormous car and tries to impress the people with his wealth and eminence. He coins catchy slogans like ‘Vote for the car, and you will ride in it’. It is these strategies planned by Roof that ensure Marcus’ victory in the elections.

Question 4. ‘The Voter’ ridicules the power and selfishness of Marcus Ibe. Explain. Answer: ‘The Voter’ highlights what kind of people become people’s leaders, how politics bestows wealth and power on them, and because of such people how elections become farcical. The two main characters in the story are Marcus and Roof, and the voters are the people of Umuofia. The whole focus of the plot is to ridicule greedy and selfish politicians and to show how they manage to corrupt the society also.

Marcus was a not-too-successful mission school teacher. When he was almost on the verge of dismissal on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint, he joined politics, got elected as a representative of Umuofja, and was made Minister of Culture. In about five years, people see a great many changes in Marcus’ life. Their elected representative becomes wealthy, is awarded chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees besides many other honours. He also builds a huge mansion in his native village.

In a satirical tone, the writer says that Marcus had christened his new house ‘Umuofia Mansions’ in honour of his village and had slaughtered five bulls and countless goats to entertain the people on the day it was opened by the Archbishop. Marcus believed that, by entertaining people thus, people would respect him and would hold him in high esteem.

But the people are not naive and ignorant. They know where his ‘power’ and money come from. The people know that he had acquired all this only after they had elected him their representative giving their votes free of charge five years ago. Even after five years, the people and their village remained the same as before but Marcus had changed completely.

When Roof tells Marcus that a radical change had come into the thinking of Umuofia since the last election, like any other corrupt politician Marcus prepares himself to bribe the people. The people come prepared to demand their share of his wealth. Instead of demanding developmental work for their village, the people tell Roof that two shillings are too shameful and settle the deal for four shillings each. It is Marcus and Roof who blatantly offer money, tacitly admitting that they have used the public money selfishly for their own development, that the voter ridicules them by demanding more money for their vote, sending the message that real power to change the face of a village, town or country is in the hands of the voter and not selfish politicians like Marcus.

Question 5. ‘Roof was the most trusted of the whispering campaigners’. To what extent is this true in ‘The Voter’? OR To what extent was Roof the most trusted of the whispering campaigners in ‘The Voter’? Answer: When the story opens, we learn that Marcus is seeking re-election as a representative of Umuofia. Secondly, we also know that it was Roof who had worked for his success in the previous election. As a trusted whispering campaign manager of Marcus, he had been able to convince the people of Umuofia that Marcus would work for the welfare of the people and they would get many amenities like running water and electricity. Then, he had worked hard to get Marcus elected and had kindled the expectations of the people.

But, during the five years as people’s representative, Marcus proved to everyone how joining politics can be lucrative. He had also given gifts to Roof to retain him as his election campaigner for the coming election also. However, Roof was clever enough to perceive a change in the mood of the people and warned Marcus about it. That is why, in the whispering campaign, he goes armed with money bags to woo the voters.

Until the last day of the campaigning, Roof remains loyal and the most trusted of Marcus’ whispering campaigners. But, the visitor from POP cleverly lures Roof to promise his vote for Maduka offering a huge sum of money. It is at this juncture that we see a dent in his loyalty towards Marcus. Even though he knows that a half ballot paper is invalid as a person’s mandate, he tears the vote in two and puts one half into each box, thus resolving the moral dilemma in his mind. This way he is only comforting his conscience and does not remain functionally loyal to Marcus.

Question 6. Do you think ‘the voter’ is right in demanding money to vote for Marcus Ibe? Explain. Answer: The people of Umuofia give their mandate to Marcus and get him elected as their representative believing that he would work for their welfare and upliftment. However, as his term rolls by, they witness a substantial change in Marcus’ status and wealth, while the people’s status remains the same. People realize how politics can make someone rich and powerful. They regret that they had underrated the power of their mandate, and so decide to demand a share of his earnings to cast their vote.

That is why, in the whispering campaign, when Roof offers each one of the two shillings, they tell him that it was too shameful to accept just two shillings from Marcus for their vote because Marcus was no longer a poor man and was doing great things like a great man. Then they agree to cast their vote taking four shillings each.

An election process in any democratic set up has high intrinsic value because it symbolizes people’s mandate and the elected representative becomes the voice of those people. Naturally, when the voters of Umuofia demand money to vote for Marcus, it only means that their real mandate has not given them what they needed and they remain in abject poverty as before. They have lost faith in elections as a means to achieve their welfare. The previous election may have failed them but they ought not to become corrupted. That will pave the way for further deterioration by building obstacles in the path to their own development. They are not right in demanding money.

Question 7. ‘The Voter’ is a comment on the awareness of voters. Discuss. Answer: In the story ‘The Voter’, Chinua Achebe satirizes ‘politicians’ and makes an attempt to show how even in a democratic setup election can become farcical because of ignorance, illiteracy, and corruption. The story also highlights how deep-rooted corruption in society can be.

Marcus Ibe, who was once a local mission school teacher, was now Chief the Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government. During his term as a minister, he had amassed a lot of wealth. Thus, ‘politics’ had brought about a great change in the life of Marcus and Roof as well. But, the people of Umuofia had remained the same – poor, illiterate, ignorant, and naive – and their villages remained dry and wretched without even the basic amenities.

Marcus, who is seeking a second term, is sure that he is going to get a landslide victory because of the absence of any strong opposition party worth taking into consideration. But, this time, there is a change in the perception of the people. After feasting in Marcus’ new house and noticing the increase in his wealth and power, the poor people of Umuofia realize that elections do have a meaning and it is during elections that their votes have value.

They also know that it is ‘politics’ that has brought wealth and power to Marcus. They strike a bargain with Roof and agree to sell their vote for four shillings each. This way, the people of Umuofia shed their moral scruples and make up their minds to be satisfied with just a little share of the thief’s booty. Eventually, it is this strain in the people’s minds that helps a corrupt politician like Marcus to win elections with the least resistance.

Like Marcus, Roof also realizes how people’s elected representatives can become rich in a very short time. Having worked as his election manager, Roof extracts enough money as well as other benefits from Marcus during his first term. In the second term. Roof’s greed for wealth is kindled by another political party – the POR They know that it is Roof’s expertise in election campaigning that woos the voters of Umuofia and Roof is amply compensated by Marcus for his efforts.

The POP, with a view to making a dent in Marcus’ electorate, lures Roof with an offer of five pounds just to cast his vote for Maduka. Their intention is only to win over Roof to their side with the’ promise that he can make much more money from POP than from PAP. Once Roof bites the bait, they ensure that he is in their clutches, by forcing him to swear on the ‘iyi’. Though Roof is caught in a dilemma, he solves the conflict in his mind by tearing the ballot paper into two and casting his vote for both parties.

Thus, both the episodes prove how ‘corruption’ can ruin both the literate and the illiterate, the educated and the uneducated, and make democratic processes ineffective and farcical. The voters, who have been given the power to elect a leader who can help them improve their lives, use the very process of election to settle for a pittance and build obstacles in the path to their own development. This way they make a mockery of the electoral system.

Question 8. Demanding money to vote for a particular person is not wrong. How is this brought out in ‘The Voter’? Answer: ‘The Voter’, a short story by Chinua Achebe, happens in a village called Umuofia. It is a satirical and realistic portrayal of how corrupt politicians deceive people in elections and what mediatory strategies they use to woo the voters and subvert the power of the people’s mandate in choosing a leader df their choice. Incidentally, the author also seems to question the very basis of societal and ethical norms, socio-economic conditions of the people, moral decadence, etc. The corrupt and greedy political leader in the story is Marcus Ibe.

He is the Chief Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government and is seeking re-election as a candidate of the PAR Soon after becoming the minister, Marcus had made use of his political status for his self-aggrandizement. In a period of five years, he had managed to amass a great deal of wealth, power, status, and public adulation. He had two long cars and had just built himself the biggest house in those parts. To top it all, on the day of the opening of his mansion, Marcus Ibe held a grand banquet for the people of the village slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. Thus, politics had made him richer.

On the other hand, the status of the people remained the same. They lived in abject poverty without even the basic amenities like electricity and drinking water. Though they had been watching how politics had brought wealth and power to Marcus, it had not dawned on them that it was the power of their vote which had given him all the comforts. After the feasting was over, the villagers told themselves that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper before and should not do it again. His election manager Roof was shrewd enough to understand the change in the attitude of the people. Therefore, he went to the whispering campaign armed with money and successfully bought their vote paying four shillings each to the leaders.

The question that arises now, is, whether demanding money to vote for a particular person is right? The author seems to argue that as long as politicians in a democratic set up fulfill their promises to the people and take care of their welfare, the question of buying votes does not arise at all. When politicians themselves flout all democratic norms and ideals and work only for their aggrandizement, there is nothing wrong with people demanding some value for their votes. This is brought out clearly in the story.

Ezenwa, the highest traditional title holder, says, “Marcus is a great man and does his things like a great man. We did not ask him for money yesterday; we shall not ask him tomorrow. But today is our day; we have climbed the iroko tree today and would be foolish not to take down all the firewood we need”. Thus, one can rightly conclude that demanding money to vote for a particular person is not wrong.

Question 9. ‘The Voter’ presents the role of money and ridicules its power in an election. Explain. Answer: ‘The Voter’, a short story by Chinua Achebe, happens in a village called Umuofia. It is a satirical and realistic portrayal of how corrupt politicians deceive people in elections and what mediatory strategies they use to woo the voters and subvert the power of the people’s mandate in choosing a leader df their choice. Incidentally, the author also seems to question the very basis of societal and ethical norms, socio-economic conditions of the people, moral decadence, etc. The corrupt and greedy political leader in the story is Marcus Ibe. He is the Chief Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government and is seeking re-election as a candidate of the PAR Soon after becoming the minister, Marcus had made use of his political status for his self-aggrandizement.

In a period of five years, he had managed to amass a great deal of wealth, power, status, and public adulation. He had two long cars and had just built himself the biggest house in those parts. To top it all, on the day of the opening of his mansion, Marcus Ibe held a grand banquet for the people of the village slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. Thus, politics had made him richer.

The question that arises now, is, whether demanding money to vote for a particular person is right? The author seems to argue that as long as politicians in a democratic set up fulfill their promises to the people and take care of their welfare, the question of buying votes does not arise at all. When politicians themselves flout all democratic norms and ideals and work only for their aggrandizement, there is nothing wrong with people demanding some value for their votes.

This is brought out clearly in the story. Ezenwa, the highest traditional title holder, says, “Marcus is a great man and does his things like a great man. We did not ask him for money yesterday; we shall not ask him tomorrow. But today is our day; we have climbed the iroko tree today and would be foolish not to take down all the firewood we need”. Thus, one can rightly conclude that demanding money to vote for a particular person is not wrong.

The Voter Vocabulary

Use suitable prefixes to form antonyms: A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Adding it to the beginning of one word changes it into another word. Prefix – In-, Un-, Im-, Dis-

Question 1.

  • Ingratitude
  • Unperturbed
  • Intolerant.

Additional Exercises

A. Passive Voice:

Question 1. The roof was a young man. He ______ (know) to everyone in Umuofia. The POP campaigner met him at night. No words _____ (waste) between them. Roof _____ (give) five pounds to vote for Maduka. Answer: was known; were wasted; was given.

Question 2. Marcus Ibe was the PAP candidate. He ______ (warn) about the radical change in the thinking of Umuofia. So five months’ salary _______ (draw) in advance. His campaign boys _____ (arm) with eloquent little jute bags. Answer: was warned; was drawn; were armed.

Question 3. Marcus Ibe was extremely generous to Roof. He ______ (ask) to lend one of his many robes by Roof. When Marcus Ibe’s wife objected, she ______ (rebuke) publicly by him. Roof won a land case because he _____ (drive) by a chauffeur to the disputed site. Answer: was asked; was rebuked; was driven.

Question 4. The roof received a strange visit from the POP campaigner. Though the campaigner and Roof ______ (know) to each other, his visit was cold and business-like. No words _____ (exchange) between them. When the visitor placed five pounds on the floor, Roof ______ (mesmerize) by the picture of the cocoa farmer. Answer: were known; were exchanged; was mesmerized.

Question 5. Marcus was doing things in a grand style. A high life band from Umuru ______ (hire) by him and it ______ (station) at a distance from the voting booth. Marcus sat in his car when last-minute advice ______ (give) to voters by Roof and others. Answer: had been hired; was stationed; was given.

Question 6. The man nudged his companion and he brought forward an object that ______ (cover) with a red cloth. It was a fearsome little affair. It _____ (keep) in a clay pot and feathers ______ (stick) into it. Answer: was covered; was kept; were stuck.

B. Report the following conversation:

Question 1. Roof: I work for Marcus Ibe. POP campaigner: We have plenty of work to do tonight Are you taking this or not? Roof: Will it not be heard outside this room? POP campaigner: We are after votes, not gossip. Answer: Roof informed the POP campaigner that he worked for Marcus Ibe. The POP campaigner remarked that they had plenty of work to do that night. He further asked Roof whether he was taking that or not. Roof asked cautiously whether it would be heard outside that room. The POP campaigner stated that they were after votes and not gossip.

Question 2. Roof: Do not forget. Our sign is the motor-car. Woman: Is it like Marcus’s car? Roof: It is the same car. Don’t look at the other with the man’s head. Answer: Roof implored the woman not to forget that their sign was the motor-car. The woman wanted to know whether it was like Marcus’s car. Roof replied that it was the same car. He also asked the woman not to look at the other with the man’s head.

Question 3. POP campaigner: The iyi comes from Mbanta. Swear on it. Roof: I will cast my paper for Maduka. But Maduka has no chance against Marcus. POP campaigner: Maduka gives out pounds, not shillings. Answer: The POP campaigner informed Roof that the iyi came from Mbanta. He asked him to swear on that. Roof told him that he would cast his paper for Maduka. But he added that Maduka had no chance against Marcus. In response, the POP campaigner remarked that Maduka gave out pounds, and not shillings.

C. Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate expressions given in brackets:

Question 1. Marcus knew that he would win but didn’t want _______ a single vote. So he asked his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. At this time Roof was weighed down by guilt but pretended ______. (to be in high spirits, to throw away, pass by) Answer: to throw away; to be in high spirits.

Question 2. The roof was ______ as he had sworn on iyi that he would vote for Maduka. However, on the day of the election, he wanted to hide it. Therefore he did not ______ his calm and confidence. (give up, face lit up, in a fix) Answer: in a fix; give up.

Question 3. In Umuofia, everyone was _____ for Marcus Ibe. He was not like the mortar which as soon as food comes its way ____ on the ground. (looks down at, turns it is back, full of praise) Answer: full of praise; turns its back.

Question 4. It was the time of the election. The campaign in Umuofia was ____. All knew that the honourable minister would have a _____. (in a soup, landslide victory, in full swing) Answer: in full swing; landslide victory.

Question 5. The roof was disturbed on the morning of the election. Suddenly a thought _______ his mind and he _______ in his springy fashion towards the booth. (leapt into, gave out, dashed off) Answer: leapt into; dashed off.

Question 6. Roof’s heart nearly ______ when he saw the iyi. Indeed he knew the fame of Mbanta in these things. What could a single vote cast in secret for Maduka ______ from Marcus’s certain victory? (get a few, few out, take away) Answer: flew out; take away.

D. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate linkers:

Question 1. The roof was a young and energetic man. He never left his village _______ to seek work in the towns _____ decided to remain to guide his people. _____ he was very popular. ______ he was an expert in election campaigning. (moreover, but, in order to, so) Answer: in order to; but; So; Moreover.

Question 2. Everything was moving according to the plan. ______ Roof had received a strange visit from the leader of the POP campaign team. ______ he and Roof were well-known ______ might even be called friends, the visit was business-like. He placed five pounds on the floor before Roof. ______ Roof spoke, his eyes never left the red notes on the floor. (and, although, then, as) Answer: Then; Although; and; As.

Question 3. The roof was a very popular man in his village. ______ the villagers did not explain it in so many words, Roof’s popularity was a measure of their gratitude to an energetic young man ______ unlike most of his fellows nowadays, had not abandoned the village _____ seek any work in the towns. And Roof was not a village lout ______. (who, although, either, in order to) Answer: Although; who; in order to; either.

Question 4. Roof’s heart nearly flew out _____ he saw the iyi ______ he knew the fame of Mbanta well. ____ he was certain that a single vote would not defeat Marcus. _____ he agreed to swear on the iyi. (hence, when, however, as) Answer: when; as; However; Hence.

The Voter by Chinua Achebe About the Writer:

Chinua Achebe (1930-2013) is a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor, and critic. Achebe’s novels focus on the traditions of Igbo society, the effect of Christian influences, and the clash of Western and traditional African values during and after the colonial era. His style relies heavily on the Igbo oral tradition and combines straightforward narration with representations of folk stories, proverbs, and oratory. He also published a number of short stories, children’s books, and essay collections. Some of his works are: ‘Things Fall Apart’, ‘Arrow Of God’, ‘No Longer At Ease’,’ Enemy Of The People’ and ‘Girls At War’.

The Voter Summary in English

In this short story, Achebe offers a satirical picture of how politics and elections generally work in modern African countries like Nigeria.

The protagonist of the story is Rufus Okeke – Roof for short. The majority of the Igbo people in the village are illiterate, backward, and poor. Though the administration of the town is in the hands of a democratic government comprising elected representatives of the people, the people have not yet realized the value of their mandate and are also not yet aware of their rights. It is election time now. The ruling party PAP (People’s Alliance Party) is seeking re-election. There is hardly any other party to obstruct or prevent the re-election of the existing government. One important aspect of this election is the re-election of Marcus Ibe, who is Minister of Culture in the outgoing government. The only other party, which appears to be a non-entity until now, is the POP – Progressive Organisation Party, and Maduka is its representative. The POP is making a strong attempt to garner some votes in its favour.

The focus of the author seems to be to capture the human drama in which a poor, pathetically innocent and naive people make a brave attempt to derive some monetary benefit during the election from a prospective candidate using the mediatory strategies of a literate young man of their town in when they have reposed a great deal of trust.

However, the crux of the plot is how this very same trusted representative of the people manages to strike a rich bargain with the opposition party as well and yet remain loyal to both the parties.

When the story opens, we are introduced to Rufus Okeke. He is a very popular man in the village. His popularity is due to the fact that unlike people of his age, Roof has not abandoned his village seeking work in the towns. Secondly, he is also not a village lout. People like him because they believe that he has given up a bright future and come back to their village on his own after spending two years as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in Port Harcourt with the intention of guiding the people of the village.

In the next stage, the author tells us about the voters and the government. We learn that the whole village had voted en masse in favour of the People’s Alliance Party and elected Honourable Marcus Ibe of their village, who had become Minister of Culture in the outgoing government. The author tells us in a satirical tone that Marcus Ibe was sure to be re-elected because there was hardly any other opposition party worth considering. From this situation, the reader can infer the predicament of the innocent people pitted against greedy and power-thirsty politicians. In a tone veiled in mild satire, the author says that Roof, the trusted representative of the people of Umuofia, was working as the election campaign manager for the Honourable Minister Marcus Ibe, who was seeking re-election from Umuofia.

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 1

The roof was more intelligent and cleverer than the common people of Umuofia. He had become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels – village, local government or national, that is why he was able to gauge the mood and temper of the electorate at any given time. This time, he has been intelligent enough to warn Marcus Ibe that a radical change has come into the thinking of the people in Umuofia since the last election. Thus he kindles the interest of the reader.

The villagers had come to realize that in five years, politics had brought wealth, chieftaincy titles, doctorate degrees and other honours readily to the man whom they had given their votes free of charge five years ago. It is also a paradox that the people who had empowered a person to enjoy such benefits themselves remained poor and ignorant. They did not even know that a doctorate degree holder is not a medical doctor. Anyhow, the people were now ready to try the value of their votes in a different way.

The author then narrates the expectations of the people in Umuofia. The people had now witnessed the ‘good’ things done by politics to their own elected representative Marcus Ibe. Before getting elected, he was only a fairly successful mission school teacher and was on the verge of getting dismissed on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint. Just at that moment, politics had come to their village and at that opportune moment Marcus Ibe had wisely joined up. By doing so he had escaped dismissal.

Secondly, he got elected and became ‘Chief the Honourable’ in the government. Consequently, he got two long cars and had built himself the biggest house in that village. But, he remained a devoted leader of his people. In a satirical tone, the author says that whenever he could, he left the good things of the capital and returned to his village which had neither running water nor electricity, but he had lately installed a private plant to supply electricity to his new house in the village. The writer comments that Marcus knew the source of his good fortune hinting that it is the people of Umuofia who are responsible for his prosperity.

Marcus Ibe had christened his new house ‘Umuofia Mansions’ in honour of his village and on the day the house was opened, he had hosted a grand lunch to his people slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. Moreover, the house was opened by the Archbishop. Thus the writer gives a rosy picture of the eminence and prosperity of Marcus which politics had bestowed on him.

The author describes the reactions of the people of Umuofia after they had enjoyed Marcus’s hospitality. There is subtle irony in the description. The people are full of praise for Marcus’ hospitality. But, they also know that Marcus owes his riches to his getting elected and joining the government. We can perceive a tone of regret when the people conclude after the feasting was over that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper earlier and that they should not do it again. This is the radical change in people’s attitude towards casting their ballot paper in an election free of charge without expecting any benefits.

Since Roof had already warned Marcus Ibe about it, Marcus had also taken suitable measures to meet the expectations of the people. “He had drawn five months’ salary in advance and changed a few hundred pounds into shining shillings and had armed his campaign boys with eloquent little jute bags”. Having sensed that the people of Umuofia will not cast their ballot paper in his favour, free of cost, Marcus had sent money to bribe and persuade the voters to vote for him. The contesting candidate would make his speeches in the morning and at night his expert election managers would conduct their whispering campaign.

Here ‘whispering campaign’ refers to the way election managers visit voters’ houses in the evening after sunset and tell the voters about the prospect of their candidate becoming minister. Thereby they appeal to people’s self-esteem and the honour that is going to be bestowed on their town and finally bribe them into casting their vote in favour of their political party.

We see how the radical change in people brings about a change in the nature of the election process and affects the sanctity of the people’s mandate.

We witness a whispering campaign conducted by Roof in the house of Ogbuefi Ezenwa, a man of the high traditional title. Roof addresses a group of elders and tells them that his party PAP has made a man of their village a minister in the outgoing government. Roof tries to argue that it is a great honour for one of their sons to be singled out for this honour. Then he tells them that PAP leaders look upon Umuofia with a favourable attitude and whether they cast their vote in his favour or not, PAP will form the government. He also tries to hint at the promise made by PAP to the people of Umuofia that they will give pipe-borne water to their village.

After Roof had finished talking, Ogbuefi Ezenwa spoke to Roof. He tells him that they believe as true every word he has said and every one of them would cast his vote for Marcus. He also promises to get their wives’ votes too in his favour. But, he then tells him straightaway that it is shameful to accept two shillings for their vote. He then says that if Marcus were a poor man they would give their vote free as they had done it before. Then the old leader argues that Marcus is a great man and does his things like a great man. Then he tells Roof that they did not demand money before and they will not ask him in future.

The writer also uses the same language to mock at Roof. He says that Roof had also lately been taking down a ‘lot of firewood’ from Marcus. The previous day, he had taken a rich robe from Marcus. Moreover, Marcus himself had rebuked his wife when she objected to Roof taking his fifth bottle of beer from the refrigerator. Furthermore, Roof had been chauffeur-driven to the disputed site, about a land case which he won. Having enjoyed all such benefits from Marcus, Roof understood the demands of the elders. Therefore, he finally drops two more shillings in front of each one of them and tells them in a tone of finality that he is through with it, and pretends to be defiant. Then he ends his campaign with the sentence, “Cast your paper for the enemy if you like!” The elders quickly calm him down with a placatory speech agreeing to vote for Marcus, and pick up the coins on the floor, with a feeling that they have not lost their decorum and dignity in the bargain.

The author has until now introduced the reader to the existing situation. Now he is going to talk about the opposition party. The author here satirises how opposition parties come into being and how sincere they are in their objectives and in their fighting strategies.

In his ‘whispering campaign’, Roof had asked the elders, in the end, to give their vote to the enemy. The enemy of PAP was a new party called the Progressive Organisation Party (POP). It had been formed by the tribes down the coast. The founders of the party claimed that they had founded the party to save themselves from “totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation”. The party organizers (of POP) knew that they had no chance of winning against the PAP, yet they had taken the plunge for a straight fight with PAP. They had provided cars and loudspeakers to a few rascals and thugs to go around and make a lot of noise. The author hints that they had also spent a lot of money in Umuofia. The writer comments that such money will only make the local campaigners very rich.

The action now reaches the climax. The writer tells the reader that as the election day was approaching nearer, for Roof “everything was moving as planned”.

One evening the leader of the POP campaign team comes to visit Roof. Although they were well known to each other, his visit is cold and businesslike. He places five pounds on the floor before Roof and tells him that they want his vote. Roof immediately gets up from his chair, closes the outside door carefully and comes back to his chair. Within that short time Roof has weighed the proposition. Roof tries to give a reason to the other person for not accepting his proposition. Roof tells him that he was working for Marcus and it would be very bad to accept it. But the other person had come prepared for such an answer. So he tells him that Marcus would not be there when Roof puts his ballot paper in the box. Then, in a dismissive tone, he tells Roof that they have plenty of work to do that night, and asks him whether he is going to accept it or not.

Roof asks him whether anyone would talk about it outside. The other man tells him categorically that they wanted votes and not gossip. Roof accepts the money. Then they get Roof to swear that he would vote for Maduka in front of a little object called ‘iyi’, which had been brought from Mbanta. However, Roof does not hesitate but says aloud that he would cast his vote for Maduka, failing which the ‘iyi’ will take note. The other man is satisfied and leaves. Before he leaves Roof tells him that Maduka has no chance of winning against Marcus. But the other person tells him that it would be enough if he gets a few votes that time, and he “would get more in the following election. All that they wanted was to make the people know that Maduka will give pounds and not shillings”.

The narrator describes the town and the mood of the people. We learn that Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe was doing things in grand style. He hires a highlife band from Umuru and stations it at a distance considered lawful. Many villagers dance to the music before proceeding to the booths. Some people shake hands with the great man ‘Marcus’ and congratulate him in advance. Roof and his campaign boys give last-minute advice to the people and try to win Marcus’ appreciation. The writer then tells us that Marcus was a stickler for details. He wants to ensure that not a single vote goes to the other party. Therefore, as soon as the first rush of voters is over, he promptly asks his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. He asks Roof to go first.

Roof dashes off towards the booths without any hesitation. After the electoral officer has explained to him about the two boxes, he goes in and sees the two boxes one of which has the picture of the car and the other, the head. Roof brings out his ballot paper and looks at it. He does not like to betray Marcus even in secret. For a few seconds, he feels like going back to the other man and returning his five pounds. Then he realizes that it is impossible because he has sworn on that ‘iyi’. Then he recalls the red five-pound notes. Roof’s mind works quick as lightning. He folds the paper, tears it in two along the crease and puts one half in each box. He puts the first half into Maduka’s box and says to himself aloud, “I vote for Maduka”, and comes out. The election officials mark his thumb with indelible purple ink and he walks out of the booth as jauntily as he has gone in.

The Voter Summary in Kannada

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 2

  • Port Harcourt: the capital of Rivers State, Nigeria.
  • Umuofia: one of a fictional group of nine villages in Nigeria, inhabited by the Igbo people
  • en masse: in one group or body; altogether
  • ozo feast: highest and most important magico-religious festival in the Igbo clan of Nigeria.
  • iroko tree: is a large hardwood tree from the west coast of tropical Africa; it is a tree which grows very high and which is very difficult to climb but which yields very good quality timber; Native deity; something with magical powers – anyone swearing an oath on an iyi would be afraid to violate his oath because if he did so he would be cursed and punished terribly
  • landslide victory: a victory by a large margin; a very substantial victory, particularly in an election
  • mesmerize: to hold the complete attention bf; spellbind
  • a village lout: a rude, young man (derogatory); a simpleton
  • chieftaincy titles: titles given to important people in a village
  • naivety: without the experience of social rules or behaviour
  • eloquent: expressing or showing something very strongly without words
  • the host: the holy bread eaten in the Christian service of the Communion
  • deign: to lower oneself to do something one considers unimportant
  • decorum: behaviour/appearance showing proper respect for the manners and customs of society
  • annihilation: complete destruction
  • Mbanta: the name of a place known for people who could prepare very powerful iyis
  • sidled: to move uncertainly or secretively as if ready to turn and go the other way
  • Abina pickinim de born?: Is he giving birth to a child?
  • indelible: marks that cannot be rubbed out; permanent
  • jauntily: confident and pleased with life
  • lout: a clumsy, crude person
  • complete non-entity: entirely unimportant person
  • christened: named
  • stickler: a person who absolutely insists on something
  • muffled: deadened or suppressed
  • non-entity: a person without much ability, character or importance
  • Ozo feast: ‘Ozo’ is the name of a title conferred on a man for meritorious deeds; Ozo feast is a grand feast during which such a title is conferred on a man

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of 2nd PUC to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Karnataka 2nd PUC English Answers Chapter 12 The Voter in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

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2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Pdf Download Karnataka

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Pdf Download Karnataka

Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Download pdf is available here. Students are suggested to refer KSEEB Solutions for 2nd PUC English while preparing for your examinations. It is very difficult to score the highest marks in exams without grammar knowledge. So make use of the Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC English Solutions Pdf links to enhance your grammar skills. Learning the concepts of Grammar is important in addition to the fast learning so Download 2nd PUC Karnataka Board Textbook solutions pdf for free of cost.

The solutions for Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC are prepared by the experts after the plentiful research on the subject. So, don’t worry about the answers just go through the Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Textbook Solutions. Tap on the Chapter wise KSEEBSolutions.com Textbook Solutions for 2nd PUC Pdf links and start practicing now. Just check whether your answers are correct or not by referring to Karnataka Board Solutions for 2nd PUC English. Students can understand the topics in depth by using the Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC Textbook. This helps the students to get the solutions for all the topics which are not covered in class.

Students can also read 2nd PUC English Model Question Papers with Answers hope will definitely help for your board exams.

2nd PUC English Question Bank with Answers

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary Pdf Download

FREE downloadable Karnataka State Board Springs English Textbook 2nd PUC Answers and Streams English Workbook 2nd PUC Answers, Solutions Guide Pdf download.

2nd PUC English Textbook Springs Answers Pdf

You can download Karnataka State Board Springs English Textbook 2nd PUC Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Lessons Summary, Poem Summary, Textual Exercises.

  • Chapter 1 Romeo and Juliet (William Shakespeare)
  • Chapter 2 Too Dear! (Leo Tolstoy)
  • Chapter 3 On Children (Kahlil Gibran)
  • Chapter 4 Everything I Need to Know I Learned in the Forest (Vandana Shiva)
  • Chapter 5 A Sunny Morning (Serafin and Joaquin Alvarez Quinter)
  • Chapter 6 When You Are Old (WB Yeats)
  • Chapter 7 The Gardener (P Lankesh)
  • Chapter 8 To the Foot from its Child (Pablo Neruda)
  • Chapter 9 I Believe that Books will Never Disappear (Robert Alfino with Jorge Luis Borges)
  • Chapter 10 Heaven, If you are not here on Earth (Kuvempu)
  • Chapter 11 Japan and Brazil through a Traveller’s Eye (George Mikes)
  • Chapter 12 The Voter (Chinua Achebe)
  • Chapter 13 Where there is a Wheel (P Sainath)
  • Chapter 14 Water (Challapalli Swaroopa Rani)

2nd PUC English Grammar Notes Pdf

  • Note Making
  • Letter Writing Job Applications
  • Speech Writing
  • Report Writing
  • Unseen Passages
  • Dialogue Writing
  • Pronominal Words
  • Jumbled Words

2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Pdf

You can download Karnataka State Board Streams English Workbook 2nd PUC Answers and Solutions Pdf.

Unit 1: Language Use

  • Articles and Prepositions
  • Jumbled Segments
  • Subject-Verb Agreement
  • Framing Questions
  • Error Identification
  • Pairs of Words
  • Phrasal Verbs
  • Idioms and Phrases
  • Passive Voice
  • Reported Speech

Unit 2: Reading

  • Passages for Comprehension
  • Poems for Comprehension

Unit 3: Writing

  • Paragraph Writing/Expansion
  • Summarising
  • Job Applications

UNIT 4: Listening – Speaking

  • Note Taking
  • Integrated Exercises

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Blue Print of Model Question Paper

2nd PUC English Blue Print of Model Question Paper 1

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Design of the Question Paper

A. Length a. Very Short Answer (VSA) (a word /phrase / sentence) (47 Marks) b. Paragraph Answer (middle-length 80 to 100 words) (42 Marks) c. Long Answer (LA) (in about 200 words) (11 Marks)

B. Level of Response (I to VII) a. Easily Accessible (39 Marks) b. Moderately Challenging (45 Marks) c. Highly Challenging (16 Marks)

C. Rationale to be followed in the Question Paper Section I This should contain 4 questions on poetry and 8 on prose including the play. No True/False questions shall be asked. When MCQs are used, care should be taken to see that only one answer is possible.

Section II Ten questions are to be set here. Out of ten, 7 shall be set on prose units including the play and 3 on poems. A student has to answer at least 2 questions on poems.

Section III In this section an internal choice shall be provided with two questions set on prose units and one on poems. This question is aimed at testing the learner’s critical and analytical approach. The learner shall be provided an opportunity to come up with his/her personal views, stance and world view. The questions set in this section shall aim to do so.

Section IV An unseen passage of moderate length is to be selected for this section. Ten questions on this passage are to be set. Along with questions on factual details, a few inferential questions shall be set. These inferential questions shall not be consecutive. The questions set on lines chosen from the poem shall be aimed at testing extensive reading comprehension rather than testing the learner’s ability to appreciate. The lines from the poem shall be chosen from among the ones given in the Reading Unit of the Work Book.

Section V This section shall contain questions on reported speech, use of the passive, dialogue writing, use of expressions and linkers. The questions set to test learning at these areas shall be contextualised.

Section VI In this section questions on composition skills like note making, letter writing, speech writing and report writing shall be set. The letter shall be a job application. An internal choice shall be provided between speech writing (expansion) and report writing. For report writing, a bar chart, pie chart or line graph shall be given with a variety of data.

Section VII This section aims to test the learner’s understanding of the pronominal words. For this purpose a short paragraph from the passage given at Q.No. 24 shall be given. The question on jumbled segments shall have a minimum of five segments and shall be chosen from one of the prose units in the Course Book.

I wish the details provided in Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Solutions are helpful for all the students to gain knowledge over the subject. Don’t hesitate to clarify your doubts regarding any topic. Students can post their comments in the below comment section. Stay with us to get the fresh updates on Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC Solutions of different chapters. land page sir emaina corrections unte chesen send cheyandhi.

V. I. Lenin

The tasks of the working women’s movement in the soviet republic, speech delivered at the fourth moscow city conference of non-party working women, september 23, 1919.

Delivered: 23 September, 1919 First Published: Pravda No. 213, September 25, 1919 ; Published according to the text of the pamphlet, V. I. Lenin, Speech at the Working Women’s Congress, Moscow, 1919, verified with the Pravda text Source: Lenin’s Collected Works , 4th English Edition, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1965, Volume 30, pages 40-46 Translated: George Hanna Transcription/HTML Markup: David Walters & Robert Cymbala Copyleft: V. I. Lenin Internet Archive (www.marx.org) 2002. Permission is granted to copy and/or distribute this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

Comrades, it gives me pleasure to greet a conference of working women. I will allow myself to pass over those subjects and questions that, of course, at the moment are the cause of the greatest concern to every working woman and to every politically-conscious individual from among the working people; these are the most urgent questions—that of bread and that of the war situation. I know from the newspaper reports of your meetings that these questions have been dealt with exhaustively by Comrade Trotsky as far as war questions are concerned and by Comrades Yakovleva and Svidersky as far as the bread question is concerned; please, therefore, allow me to pass over those questions.

I should like to say a few words about the general tasks facing the working women’s movement in the Soviet Republic, those that are, in general, connected with the transition to socialism, and those that are of particular urgency at the present time. Comrades, the question of the position of women was raised by Soviet power from the very beginning. It seems to me that any workers’ state in the course of transition to socialism is laced with a double task. The first part of that task is relatively simple and easy. It concerns those old laws that kept women in a position of inequality as compared to men.

Participants in all emancipation movements in Western Europe have long since, not for decades but for centuries, put forward the demand that obsolete laws be annulled and women and men be made equal by law, but none of the democratic European states, none of the most advanced republics have succeeded in putting it into effect, because wherever there is capitalism, wherever there is private property in land and factories, wherever the power of capital is preserved, the men retain their privileges. It was possible to put it into effect in Russia only because the power of the workers has been established here since October 25, 1917. From its very inception Soviet power set out to be the power of the working people, hostile to all forms of exploitation. It set itself the task of doing away with the possibility of the exploitation of the working people by the landowners and capitalists, of doing away with the rule of capital. Soviet power has been trying to make it possible for the working people to organise their lives without private property in land, without privately-owned factories, without that private property that everywhere, throughout the world, even where there is complete political liberty, even in the most democratic republics, keeps the working people in a state of what is actually poverty and wage-slavery, and women in a state of double slavery.

Soviet power, the power of the working people, in the first months of its existence effected a very definite revolution in legislation that concerns women. Nothing whatever is left in the Soviet Republic of those laws that put women in a subordinate position. I am speaking specifically of those laws that took advantage of the weaker position of women and put them in a position of inequality and often, even, in a humiliating position, i.e., the laws on divorce and on children born out of wedlock and on the right of a woman to summon the father of a child for maintenance.

It is particularly in this sphere that bourgeois legislation, even, it must be said, in the most advanced countries, takes advantage of the weaker position of women to humiliate them and give them a status of inequality. It is particularly in this sphere that Soviet power has left nothing whatever of the old, unjust laws that were intolerable for working people. We may now say proudly and without any exaggeration that apart from Soviet Russia there is not a country in the world where women enjoy full equality and where women are not placed in the humiliating position felt particularly in day-to-day family life. This was one of our first and most important tasks.

If you have occasion to come into contact with parties that are hostile to the Bolsheviks, if there should come into your hands newspapers published in Russian in the regions occupied by Koichak or Denikin, or if you happen to talk to people who share the views of those newspapers, you may often hear from them the accusation that Soviet power has violated democracy.

We, the representatives of Soviet power, Bolshevik Communists and supporters of Soviet power are often accused of violating democracy and proof of this is given by citing the fact that Soviet power dispersed the Constituent Assembly. We usually answer this accusation as follows; that democracy and that Constituent Assembly which came into being when private property still existed on earth, when there was no equality between people, when the one who possessed his own capital was the boss and the others worked for him and were his wage-slaves-that was a democracy on which we place no value. Such democracy concealed slavery even in the most advanced countries. We socialists are supporters of democracy only insofar as it eases the position of the working and oppressed people. Throughout the world socialism has set itself the task of combating every kind of exploitation of man by man. That democracy has real value for us winch serves the exploited, the underprivileged. If those who do not work are disfranchised that would be real equality between people. Those who do not work should not eat.

In reply to these accusations we say that the question must be presented in this way—how is democracy implemented in various countries? We see that equality is proclaimed in all democratic republics but in the civil laws and in laws on the rights of women—those that concern their position in the family and divorce—we see inequality and the humiliation of women at every step, and we say that this is a violation of democracy specifically in respect of the oppressed. Soviet power has implemented democracy to a greater degree than any of the other, most advanced countries because it has not left in its laws any trace of the inequality of women. Again I say that no other state and no other legislation has ever done for women a half of what Soviet power did in the first months of its existence.

Laws alone, of course, are not enough, and we are by no means content with mere decrees. In the sphere of legislation, however, we have done everything required of us to put women in a position of equality and we have every right to be proud of it. The position of women in Soviet Russia is now ideal as compared with their position in the most advanced states. We tell ourselves, however, that this is, of course, only the beginning.

Owing to her work in the house, the woman is still in a difficult position. To effect her complete emancipation and make her the equal of the man it is necessary for the national economy to be socialised and for women to participate in common productive labour. Then women will occupy the same position as men.

Here we are not, of course, speaking of making women the equal of men as far as productivity of labour, the quantity of labour, the length of the working day, labour conditions, etc., are concerned; we mean that the woman should not, unlike the man, be oppressed because of her position in the family. You all know that even when women have full rights, they still remain factually downtrodden because all housework is left to them. In most cases housework is the most unproductive, the most barbarous and the most arduous work a woman can do. It is exceptionally petty and does not include anything that would in any way promote the development of the woman.

In pursuance of the socialist ideal we want to struggle for the full implementation of socialism, and here an extensive field of labour opens up before women. We are now making serious preparations to clear the ground for the building of socialism, but the building of socialism will begin only when we have achieved the complete equality of women and when we undertake the new work together with women who have been ’emancipated from that petty, stultifying, unproductive work. This is a job that will take us many, many years.

This work cannot show any rapid results and will not produce a scintillating effect.

We are setting up model institutions, dining-rooms and nurseries, that will emancipate women from housework. And the work of organising all these institutions will fall mainly to women. It has to be admitted that in Russia today there are very few institutions that would help woman out of her state of household slavery. There is an insignificant number of them, and the conditions now obtaining in the Soviet Republic—the war and food situation about which comrades have already given you the details—hinder us in this work. Still, it must be said that these institutions that liberate women from their position as household slaves are springing up wherever it is in any way possible.

We say that the emancipation of the workers must be effected by the workers themselves, and in exactly the same way the emancipation of working women is a matter for the working women themselves. The working women must themselves see to it that such institutions are developed, and this activity will bring about a complete change in their position as compared with what it was under the old, capitalist society.

In order to be active in politics under the old, capitalist regime special training was required, so that women played an insignificant part in politics, even in the most advanced and free capitalist countries. Our task is to make politics available to every working woman. Ever since private property in laud and factories has been abolished and the power of the landowners and capitalists overthrown, the tasks of politics have become simple, clear and comprehensible to the working people as a whole, including working women. In capitalist society the woman’s position is marked by such inequality that the extent of her participation in politics is only an insignificant fraction of that of the man. The power of the working people is necessary for a change to be wrought in this situation, for then the main tasks of politics will consist of matters directly affecting the fate of the working people themselves.

Here, too, the participation of working women is essential —not only of party members and politically-conscious women, but also of the non-party women and those who are least politically conscious. Here Soviet power opens up a wide field of activity to working women.

We have had a difficult time in the struggle against the forces hostile to Soviet Russia that have attacked her. It was difficult for us to fight on the battlefield against the forces who went to war against the power of the working people and in the field of food supplies against the profiteers, because of the too small number of people, working people, who came whole-heartedly to our aid with their own labour. Here, too, there is nothing Soviet power can appreciate as much as the help given by masses of non-party working women. They may know that in the old, bourgeois society, perhaps, a comprehensive training was necessary for participation in politics and that this was not available to women. The political activity of the Soviet Republic is mainly the struggle against the landowners and capitalists, the struggle for the elimination of exploitation; political activity, therefore, is made available to the working woman in the Soviet Republic and it will consist in the working woman using her organisational ability to help the working man.

What we need is not only organisational work on a scale involving millions; we need organisational work on the smallest scale and this makes it possible for women to work as well. Women can work under war conditions when it is a question of helping the army or carrying on agitation in the army. Women should take an active part in all this so that the Red Army sees that it is being looked after, that solicitude is being displayed. Women can also work in the sphere of food distribution, on the improvement of public catering and everywhere opening dining-rooms like those that are so numerous in Petrograd.

It is in these fields that the activities of working women acquire the greatest organisational significance. The participation of working women is also essential in the organisation and running of big experimental farms and should not take place only in isolated cases. This i5 something that cannot be carried out without the participation of a large number of working women. Working women will be very useful in this field in supervising the distribution of food and in making food products more easily obtainable. This work can well be done by non-party working women and its accomplishment will do more than anything else to strengthen socialist society.

We have abolished private property in land and almost completely abolished the private ownership of factories; Soviet power is now trying to ensure that all working people, non-party as well as Party members, women as well as men, should take part in this economic development. The work that Soviet power has begun can only make progress when, instead of a few hundreds, millions and millions of women throughout Russia take part in it. We are sure that the cause of socialist development will then become sound. Then the working people will show that they can live and run their country without the aid of the landowners and capitalists. Then socialist construction will be so soundly based in Russia that no external enemies in other countries and none inside Russia will be any danger to the Soviet Republic.

Collected Works Volume 30 Collected Works Table of Contents Lenin Works Archive

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

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NCERT S olutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers - This article covers NCERT Class 12 Chemistry solutions chapter 11. You are going to study the Chemistry of three classes of compounds which are alcohols, phenols and ethers and also this chapter will discuss the reactions involved in the preparation of alcohols, phenols and ethers .

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Alcohols are formed when a hydrogen atom in an aliphatic hydrocarbon is replaced by -OH group and Phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in an aromatic hydrocarbon is replaced by –OH group while Ethers are formed by the substitution of an H-atom in a hydrocarbon by an alkoxy(R-O) or by an aryloxy(Ar-O) group. The NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers are prepared by Chemistry subject experts. These NCERT solutions help students in their preparation for the CBSE Board exam and in competitive exams like JEE Mains, NEET etc.

Also Read :

  • Alcohols Phenols and Ethers Class 12 Notes
  • NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Alcohols Phenols and Ethers

NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers start with the IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols, phenols and ethers followed by the topics:- reactions involved in the preparation of alcohols from aldehydes, ketones, alkenes and carboxylic acids and discuss reactions involved in the preparation of phenols from benzene sulphonic acids, haloarenes, cumene and diazonium salts. Alcohols Phenols and Ethers Class 12 also discuss reactions involved in the preparation of ethers from alcohols and alkyl halides. Scroll down to know more details about the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 PDF download.

Find NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Below:

Solutions to In-Text Questions Ex 11.1 to 11.12

Question 11. 1 (1) Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols:

int1

To classify we look at the OH bonded carbon.

Here, only 1 carbon is attached to it, hence it is primary alcohol .

Question 11.1 (2) Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols:

int2

Here, only 1 carbon is attached to it, hence it is primary alcohol.

Question 11.1 (3) Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols:

CH_3 -CH_2- CH_2 -OH

Question 11.1 (4) Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols:

int4

Here, 2 carbons are attached to it, hence it is secondary alcohol.

Question 11.1 (5) Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols:

int5

Question 11.1 (6) Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols :

1649963634534

Here, 3 carbons are attached to it, hence it is tertiary alcohol.

Question 11.2 Identify allylic alcohols in the above examples.

The alcohols (ii) and (vi) are allylic alcohols. Because -C=C-C-OH is the skeleton of allylic alcohol.

Question 11.3 (1) Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system.

1649963673264

3-Chloromethyl-2-isopropylpentan-1-ol

Question 11.3 (2) Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system.

1649963717497

2, 5-Dimethylhexane-1, 3-diol

Question 11.3 (3) Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system.

1649963822470

3-Bromocyclohexanol

Question 11.3 (4) Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system.

1649963863346

Hex-1-en-3-ol

Question 11.3 (5) Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system.

1649963909613

2-Bromo-3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol

Question 11.4 (1) Show how are the following alcohols prepared by the reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on methanal ?

1649963974883

The reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on the methanal is mentioned below:

1649963954035

Question 11.4 (2) Show how are the following alcohols prepared by the reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on methanal ?

1649964024243

Product of the given reaction is-

1649964168123

Product of the given reaction is

1649964252232

Question 11.6 (1) Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with

HCL- ZnCl_2

Primary alcohols do no react with Lucas’ reagent.

Hence no reaction.

HCl - ZnCl_2

Question 11.6 (3) Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with HBr with Butan-1-ol

Reaction of HBr with Butan-1-ol

1649964332727

Question 11.6 (4) Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with HBr with 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

Reaction of HBr with 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

1649964449101

Question 11.7(1) Predict the major product of acid catalysed dehydration of 1-methylcyclohexanol

Dehydration of 1-methylcyclohexanol

1649964563324

1-Methylcyclohexene is the major product.

Question 11.7 (2) Predict the major product of acid catalysed dehydration of butan-1-ol

Dehydration of butan-1-ol

1649964596061

But-2-ene is the major product.

Question 11.8 Ortho and para nitrophenols are more acidic than phenol. Draw the resonance structures of the corresponding phenoxide ions.

Resonance structure of ortho-nitrophenol

1649964631687

Resonance structure of para-nitrophenol

1649964652729

Question 11.9 (1) Write the equations involved in the following reactions: Reimer - Tiemann reaction

Reimer - Tiemann reaction

1649964703424

Question 11.9 (2) Write the equations involved in the following reactions: Kolbe’s reaction

Kolbe’s reaction

1649964746071

Question 11.10 Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol.

1.Reaction of ethanol with hydrogen bromide.

1649964791076

2. Reaction of 3-methylpentan-2-ol with sodium

1649964898068

3. Reaction of product formed in 1st and reaction with the product formed in the 2nd reaction.

1649964914852

Question 11.11 Which of the following is an appropriate set of reactants for the preparation of 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene and why?

1649965008877

Question 11.12 (1) Predict the products of the following reactions:

CH_3 -CH_2 -CH_2 -O - CH_3 +HBr

Reaction is

1649965070178

Question 11.12 (2) Predict the products of the following reactions:

1649965128401

The reaction between ethoxybenzene and HBr is

1649965110827

Question 11.12 (3) Predict the products of the following reactions:

1649965169971

Question 11.12 (4) Predict the products of the following reactions:

1649965226084

Reaction between ter - butyl ethyl ether and HI

1649965242940

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers - Exercise Questions

Question 11.1 (1) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965274378

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2,2,4-Trimethylpentan-3-ol

Question 11.1 (2) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965319080

IUPAC name of the given compound is 5-Ethylheptane-2,4-diol

Question 11.1 (3) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965354978

IUPAC name of the given compound is Butane-2,3-diol

Question 11.1 (4) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965421081

IUPAC name of the given compound is Propane-1,2,3-triol

Question 11.1 (5) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965465500

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-Methylphenol

Question 11.1 (6) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965524003

IUPAC name of the given compound is 4-Methylphenol

Note : Also called p-cresol

Question 11.1 (7) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965563584

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2,5-Dimethylphenol

Question 11.1 (8) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1594976548377

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2,6-Dimethylphenol

Question 11.1 (9) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965645747

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-Methoxy-2-methylpropane

Question 11.1 (10) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965690874

IUPAC name of the given compound is Ethoxybenzene

Question 11.1 (11) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1649965735782

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-Phenoxyheptane

Question 11.1 (12) Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:

1594976564404

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-Ethoxybutane

Question 11.2 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

Structure of 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

1649965777770

Question 11.2 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol

Structure of 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol

1649965829440

Question 11.2(iii) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol

structure of 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol

1649965957466

Question 11.2(iv) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (iv) 2,3 – Diethylphenol

structure of 2,3 – Diethylphenol

1649965990130

Question 11.2(v) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (v) 1 – Ethoxypropane

structure of 1 – Ethoxypropane

1649966018689

Question 11.2(vi) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (vi) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane

structure of 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane

1649966071934

Question 11.2(vii) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (vii) Cyclohexylmethanol

Structure of Cyclohexylmethanol

1649966113638

Question 11.2(viii) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (viii) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol

The structure of 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol is as follows:

1649966143832

Question 11.2(ix) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (ix) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol

structure of Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol

1649966178429

Question 11.2(x) Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (x) 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol.

structure of 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol

1649966222407

The structures of all isomeric alcohols of C 5 H 12 O are given below:

Question 11. 3 (ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 11.3 (i) as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.

Primary Alcohol: Pentan-1-ol; 2-Methylbutan-1-ol; 3-Methylbutan-1-ol; 2,2-Dimethylpropan-1-ol

Secondary Alcohol: Pentan-2-ol; 3-Methylbutan-2-ol; Pentan-3-ol

Tertiary Alcohol: 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

Question 11.4 Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon, butane?

Propanol forms intermolecular H-bonds because of the presence of -OH group while butane cannot. To break these bonds, extra energy will be required. This causes a higher boiling point for propanol as compared to butane.

Question 11.5 Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. Explain this fact.

Alcohols form hydrogen bonds with water due to the presence of –OH group whereas hydrocarbons cannot. Due to this inter molecular hydrogen bonding, alcohols are more soluble in water.

Question 11.6 What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.

Hydroboration-oxidation reaction also called HBO reaction is the addition of borane followed by oxidation to produce alcohol.

Eg: Hydroboration-oxidation reaction of propene. In this reaction, propene reacts with diborane (BH 3 ) 2 to form trialkyl borane. This addition product is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide to form propan-1-ol.

C_7 H_8 O

Question 11.8 While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.

Due to inter-molecular H bonding in para-nitrophenol, it gets tightly bonded with water. But ortho nitrophenol has intra-molecular H bonding and hence is steam volatile.

Question 11.9 Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene.

Cumene (isopropylbenzene) is oxidised in the presence of air to form cumene hydroperoxide. On treating with dilute acid it is converted to phenol and acetone.

1649966356497

Question 11.10 Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.

Chlorobenzene, when fused with NaOH, produces sodium phenoxide which on acidification produces Phenol.

1649966463015

Question 11.11 Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.

Ethanol is yielded from ethene by acid catalysed hydration.

The mechanism:

Step 1. Protonation of alkene to form carbocation by electrophilic attack of hydronium ion.

1649966496746

Step 2. Nucleophilic attack of water on carbocation .

1649966514431

Step 3. Deprotonation to form an alcohol.

1649966531637

Question 11.13 Show how will you synthesise: (i) 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene.

Styrene on acid catalysed hydration gives 1-phenylethanol.

1649966607271

Question 11.13 (2) Show how will you synthesise: (ii) cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an SN2 reaction.

On adding NaOH to chloromethylcyclohexane, cyclohexy methanol is formed.

1649966644075

Question 11.13 Show how will you synthesise: (iii) pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide?

when 1-chloropentane reacts with NaOH it gives pantan-1-ol

1649966679228

Question 11.14 Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.

1. Phenol reacts with sodium to give sodium phenoxide, liberating hydrogen gas.

1519019443005476

2. Phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide to give sodium phenoxide and water.

1519019443784771

Phenol is more acidic than ethanol. This is because phenol after losing a proton becomes phenoxide ion which is highly stable due to resonance whereas ethoxide ion does not.

Question 11.15 Explain why is ortho nitrophenol more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol ?

Ortho-nitrophenol is more acidic than ortho- methoxyphenol . The presence of the nitro group, which is an electron withdrawing group, at the ortho position decreases the electron density in the O-H bond. Also, the o- nitrophenoxide ion formed after the loss of protons is stabile due to resonance. Hence, ortho nitrophenol is a stronger acid. Whereas the methoxy group is an electron-releasing group. Thus, it increases the electron density in the O-H bond.

Question 11.16 Explain how does the –OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilic substitution?

The -OH group is an electron-donating group (EDG). Thus, it increases the electron density in the benzene ring in the resonance structure of phenol. As a result, the benzene ring is activated towards electrophilic substitution.

KMnO_4

Question 11.17(ii) Give equations of the following reactions:

CS_2

Question 11.17(iii) Give equations of the following reactions:

(iii) Dilute HNO3 with phenol.

When dilute HNO3 reacts with phenol it gives o-bromo phenol and p-bromo phenol

1649966745746

Question 11.17(iv) Give equations of the following reactions: (iv) Treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH.

Treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH.

1649966793128

This reaction is known as the Reimer-Tiemann reaction.

Question 11.18(i) Explain the following with an example. (i) Kolbe’s reaction.

Kolbe’s reaction: Phenol with carbon dioxide under pressure followed by treating the product with sulphuric acid produces Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid). Phenoxide ion generated is more reactive than phenol towards electrophilic aromatic substitution. Hence, it undergoes electrophilic substitution with carbon dioxide, a weak electrophile.

1649966822710

Question 11.18(ii) Explain the following with an example. (ii) Reimer-Tiemann reaction.

On treating phenol with chloroform in the presence of sodium hydroxide, a –CHO group is introduced at the ortho position of the benzene ring. This reaction is known as Reimer - Tiemann reaction

1649966859823

Question 11.18(iii) Explain the following with an example. (iii) Williamson ether synthesis.

Williamson ether synthesis is a reaction forming ether from a primary alkyl halide via S N 2 reaction.

1649966930561

Question 11.18(iv) Explain the following with an example.(iv) Unsymmetrical ether.

If the alkyl or aryl groups attached to the oxygen atom are different, then it is mixed or unsymmetrical ether.

C_2H_5-O-CH_3\ and\ C_2H_5-O-C_6H_5

Question 11.19 . Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.

Alcohols undergo dehydration (removal of a molecule of water) to form alkenes on treating with a protic acid. Ethanol undergoes dehydration by heating it with concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K.

1649966962919

Acid catalysed hydration of propene produces propan-2-ol.

1649966998750

Benzyl chloride treated with NaOH followed by acidification produces benzyl alcohol.

Ethyl magnesium chloride treated with formaldehyde followed by hydrolysis produces propan-1-ol.

1649967048713

Methyl magnesium bromide treated with propane, gives 2-methylpropane-2-ol on hydrolysis.

1649967086833

Question 11.21(i) Name the reagents used in the following reactions: (i) Oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid.

(KMnO_4)

Question 11.21(ii) Name the reagents used in the following reactions: (ii) Oxidation of a primary alcohol to aldehyde.

The reagent used for oxidation of primary alcohol to aldehyde is Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) .

Question 11.21(iii) Name the reagents used in the following reactions: (iii) Bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol.

Reagents used in the bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol is Bromine water

Question 11.21(iv) Name the reagents used in the following reactions:

(iv) Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.

Question 11.21(v) Name the reagents used in the following reactions: (v) Dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene.

Reagents used in the dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene is Concentrated Phosphoric acid.

Question 11.21(vi) Name the reagents used in the following reactions: (vi) Butan-2-one to butan-2-ol.

LiAlH_4\ or\ NaBH_4

Question 11.22 Give reason for the higher boiling point of ethanol in comparison to methoxymethane.

Ethanol undergoes intermolecular hydrogen bonding due to the presence of -OH group. Therefore, extra energy is required to break those hydrogen bonds. Whereas methoxymethane does not make H-bonds and hence ethanol has a higher boiling point than methoxymethane.

Question 11.23(i) Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:

1649967122741

IUPAC names of the given ether is 1-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane

Question 11.23(ii) Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:

1649967185868

IUPAC names of the given ether is 2-Chloro-1-methoxyethane

Question 11.23(iii) Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:

1649967223743

IUPAC names of the given ether is 4-Nitroanisole

Question 11.23(iv) Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:

1649967263588

IUPAC names of the given ether is 1-Methoxypropane

Question 11.23(v) Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:

1649967298676

IUPAC names of the given ether is 4-Ethoxy-1, 1-dimethylcyclohexane

Question 11.23(vi) Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:

1649967335363

IUPAC names of the given ether is Ethoxybenzene

Question 11.24(i) Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: (i) 1-Propoxypropane

Names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the 1-Propoxypropane ether by Williamson’s synthesis:-

1649967375627

Question 11.24(ii) Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: (ii) Ethoxybenzene

Names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the Ethoxybenzene ether by Williamson’s synthesis:-

1649967410030

Question 11.24(iii) Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: (iii) 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane

Names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane ether by Williamson’s synthesis:-

1649967458991

Question 11.24(iv) Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: (iv) 1-Methoxyethane

Names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the1-Methoxyethane ether by Williamson’s synthesis:-

1649967498923

Question 11.25 Illustrate with examples the limitations of Williamson synthesis for the preparation of certain types of ethers.

S_N2

Question 11.26 How is 1-propoxypropane synthesised from propan-1-ol? Write mechanism of this reaction.

Propan-1-ol on dehydration using protic acids such as sulphuric acid gives 1-propoxypropane.

Mechanism of this reaction:

Formation of protonated alcohol.

1649967562663

Formation of carbocation: It is the slowest step and hence, the rate determining step of the reaction.

1649967580906

Formation of ethene by the elimination of a proton.

1649967599892

Question 11.27 Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary or tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method. Give reason.

The formation of ethers by dehydration of a primary alcohol is an S N 2 reaction. In case of secondary or tertiary alcohols, the alkyl group is hindered and hence elimination dominates substitution. Therefore alkenes are formed in place of ethers.

Question 11.28(i) Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: (i) 1-propoxypropane

1-propoxypropane reacts with HI to give propan-1-ol and 1-iodopropane as the products.

1649967642248

Question 11.28(ii) Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: (ii) methoxybenzene

Methoxybenzene reacts with HI to give phenol and iodomethane.

1649967678156

Question 11.28(iii) Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: (iii) benzyl ethyl ether.

Benzyl ethyl ether reacts with HI to give benzyl iodide and ethanol.

1649967720536

Question 11.29(i) Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution

Due to the +R effect of the alkoxy group, it increases the electron density of the benzene ring pushing electrons into the ring making the benzene ring activated towards electrophilic substitution reactions.

Question 11.29(ii) Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (ii) it directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.

1649967762793

The above resonating structures shows that the electron density increases more at the ortho and para positions as compared to the meta positions. Hence, the alkoxy group directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in the benzene ring.

Question 11.30. Write the mechanism of the reaction of HI with methoxymethane.

Following is the mechanism:

1. Protonation of methoxymethane

1649967808094

3. If HI is in excess, then methanol formed in step 2 reacts with another HI molecule and gets converted to methyl iodide at a high temperature.

1649967848758

Question 11.31(i) Write equations of the following reactions: (i) Friedel-Crafts reaction – alkylation of anisole.

Fridel Craft reaction(Alkylation):

1649967890235

Question 11.31(ii) Write equations of the following reactions: (ii) Nitration of anisole.

Nitration of anisole:

1649967923121

Question 11.31(iii) Write equations of the following reactions: (iii) Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.

Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium:

1649967952984

Question 11.31(iv) Write equations of the following reactions: (iv) Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.

Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole:

1649967984977

Question 11.32 Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?

1594976641206

Question 11.33 When 3-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with HBr, the following reaction takes place:

1594976469500

Mechanism for the reaction 3-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with HBr

1649968132938

Chemistry Chapter 11 NCERT Solutions Insights

Alcohols Phenols and Ethers Class 12 NCERT solutions has answers to a total of 12 topic wise questions and 33 questions in the exercise. In the CBSE boards exam, the weightage of this chapter is 4 marks hence it is recommended to solve all the exercises of the book to get good marks. You will find all the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers here free of cost.

By referring to the NCERT solutions for class 12 , students can understand all the important concepts and practice questions well enough before their examination. Alcohols are the basic compound for the formation of detergents, phenols are the basic compound for the formation of antiseptics and ethers is the basic compound for the formation of fragrances.

Topics and Sub-topics of NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers-

11.1 Classification

11.2 Nomenclature

11.3 Structures of Functional Groups

11.4 Alcohols and Phenols

11.5 Some Commercially Important Alcohols

11.6 Ethers

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Chemistry Chapter Wise

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Important topics:

  • Chemical Reactions of Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers
  • Physical Properties of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
  • Preparation of Alcohols
  • Chemical Reactions of Ethers
  • Physical Properties of Ethers
  • Preparation of Ethers
  • Preparation of Phenols
  • Some Commercially Important Alcohols
  • Introduction and Classification of Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers
  • Nomenclature

This chapter holds weightage of 4 percent in NEET examination. Practice NEET previous year papers, NCERT question and NCERT exemplar questions for a good score.

Questions worth 5-6 marks are asked from this chapter in CBSE Board exam. Follow the NCERT syllabus for good score in board exam.

This chapter holds the weightage of 4-5 Marks in JEE Main

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Yes you can appear for the compartment paper again since CBSE gives three chances to a candidate to clear his/her exams so you still have two more attempts. However, you can appear for your improvement paper for all subjects but you cannot appear for the ones in which you have failed.

I hope this was helpful!

Hello dear,

If you was not able to clear 1st compartment and now you giving second compartment so YES, you can go for your improvement exam next year but if a student receives an improvement, they are given the opportunity to retake the boards as a private candidate the following year, but there are some requirements. First, the student must pass all of their subjects; if they received a compartment in any subject, they must then pass the compartment exam before being eligible for the improvement.

As you can registered yourself as private candidate for giving your improvement exam of 12 standard CBSE(Central Board of Secondary Education).For that you have to wait for a whole year which is bit difficult for you.

Positive side of waiting for whole year is you have a whole year to preparing yourself for your examination. You have no distraction or something which may causes your failure in the exams. In whole year you have to stay focused on your 12 standard examination for doing well in it. By this you get a highest marks as a comparison of others.

Believe in Yourself! You can make anything happen

All the very best.

Hello Student,

I appreciate your Interest in education. See the improvement is not restricted to one subject or multiple subjects  and  we cannot say if improvement in one subject in one year leads to improvement in more subjects in coming year.

You just need to have a revision of all subjects what you have completed in the school. have a revision and practice of subjects and concepts helps you better.

All the best.

If you'll do hard work then by hard work of 6 months you can achieve your goal but you have to start studying for it dont waste your time its a very important year so please dont waste it otherwise you'll regret.

Yes, you can take admission in class 12th privately there are many colleges in which you can give 12th privately.

Popular CBSE Class 12th Questions

A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms -1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×10 7 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms −2 :

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

K

In the reaction,

2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol -1 ) is

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t 2 ) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m 2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

Colleges After 12th

Explore career options (by industry).

  • Construction
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Bio Medical Engineer

The field of biomedical engineering opens up a universe of expert chances. An Individual in the biomedical engineering career path work in the field of engineering as well as medicine, in order to find out solutions to common problems of the two fields. The biomedical engineering job opportunities are to collaborate with doctors and researchers to develop medical systems, equipment, or devices that can solve clinical problems. Here we will be discussing jobs after biomedical engineering, how to get a job in biomedical engineering, biomedical engineering scope, and salary. 

Data Administrator

Database professionals use software to store and organise data such as financial information, and customer shipping records. Individuals who opt for a career as data administrators ensure that data is available for users and secured from unauthorised sales. DB administrators may work in various types of industries. It may involve computer systems design, service firms, insurance companies, banks and hospitals.

Ethical Hacker

A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.

Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

Geothermal Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

Geotechnical engineer

The role of geotechnical engineer starts with reviewing the projects needed to define the required material properties. The work responsibilities are followed by a site investigation of rock, soil, fault distribution and bedrock properties on and below an area of interest. The investigation is aimed to improve the ground engineering design and determine their engineering properties that include how they will interact with, on or in a proposed construction. 

The role of geotechnical engineer in mining includes designing and determining the type of foundations, earthworks, and or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made structures to be made. Geotechnical engineering jobs are involved in earthen and concrete dam construction projects, working under a range of normal and extreme loading conditions. 

Cartographer

How fascinating it is to represent the whole world on just a piece of paper or a sphere. With the help of maps, we are able to represent the real world on a much smaller scale. Individuals who opt for a career as a cartographer are those who make maps. But, cartography is not just limited to maps, it is about a mixture of art , science , and technology. As a cartographer, not only you will create maps but use various geodetic surveys and remote sensing systems to measure, analyse, and create different maps for political, cultural or educational purposes.

Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

Finance Executive

Operations manager.

Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

Bank Probationary Officer (PO)

Investment director.

An investment director is a person who helps corporations and individuals manage their finances. They can help them develop a strategy to achieve their goals, including paying off debts and investing in the future. In addition, he or she can help individuals make informed decisions.

Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.

Construction Manager

Individuals who opt for a career as construction managers have a senior-level management role offered in construction firms. Responsibilities in the construction management career path are assigning tasks to workers, inspecting their work, and coordinating with other professionals including architects, subcontractors, and building services engineers.

Urban Planner

Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities. 

Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.

Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description:  A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

Naval Architect

A Naval Architect is a professional who designs, produces and repairs safe and sea-worthy surfaces or underwater structures. A Naval Architect stays involved in creating and designing ships, ferries, submarines and yachts with implementation of various principles such as gravity, ideal hull form, buoyancy and stability. 

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

Veterinary Doctor

Pathologist.

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

Speech Therapist

Gynaecologist.

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

Hospital Administrator

The hospital Administrator is in charge of organising and supervising the daily operations of medical services and facilities. This organising includes managing of organisation’s staff and its members in service, budgets, service reports, departmental reporting and taking reminders of patient care and services.

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

Videographer

Multimedia specialist.

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism , Advertising , Marketing Management . Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning). 

Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French , German , Italian . 

Public Relation Executive

Travel journalist.

The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.

Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

Production Manager

Merchandiser.

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

Metallurgical Engineer

A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment. 

Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

ITSM Manager

Information security manager.

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

Business Intelligence Developer

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024-25 Released - Download PDF Here

Get Latest Updates on CBSE 12th Admit Card 2024 Here

CBSE Class 12 date sheet 2024 revised: Check date sheet here

Stay up-to date with CBSE Class 12th News

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Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH

Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH - Cityscape

  • Written by Patrick Lynch

Visualizations of the last full-scale skyscrapers in Moscow ’s new International Business Center (“Moscow City”) have been revealed. Designed by an international team made up of HOK (USA), FXFOWLE (USA) and SPEECH (Russia), the two “Neva Towers” will provide additional residential and office space to the skyscraper district, which includes many of Europe’s tallest structures, including Europe’s tallest building, Federation Tower (sometimes called Vostok Tower); and one of the world’s tallest twisting buildings, Evolution Tower .

Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH - Cityscape

Located on a triangular site in the northwest of Moscow City, the two rectangular towers rise from a 4-story podium, arranged to create an open plaza and green space surrounding the buildings that will be free from future development. The landscaped space will serve as the entry point to the towers, as well as to the aboveground and underground retail galleria and parking deck.

Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH - Table, Chair, Lighting, Patio, Courtyard

Program types will be split between the two skyscrapers – the taller of the two buildings will reach a height of 338 meters and will contain 77 floors of residential units, while the shorter tower will provide 63 floors broken up between office and apartment levels. In total, the project will add 1,210 new apartment units.

As they rise, the towers retain a classic form that gradually steps back to a fully glazed top tier to give the structure a visual lightness and provide the penthouse apartments with panoramic views of the city.

Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH - Windows, Cityscape

“The tower configuration is expressly laconic: the shape of the flat high-rise buildings is modified by slight shifts of the central parts forming a sort of a core of the towers, which is enveloped on both sides by three tiers tapering upwards,” explain development group Renaissance Development.

“The facades of both towers are decorated with pylons getting narrower from the bottom up. Such design imparts a special appeal to the structure, being both effectively up-to-date and recalling the legendary specimens of the 20th century high-rise construction.”

Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH - Cityscape

The project has been estimated to be completed by 2019.

News via Renaissance Development .

Project Year

Photographs, project gallery.

Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH - Cityscape

Project location

Address: 1-y krasnogvardeyskiy pr-d, 17-18, moskva, russia, 123317.

Click to open map

  • Sustainability

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  1. 2nd PUC English Grammar Notes Speech Writing

    Karnataka 2nd PUC English Grammar Notes Speech Writing Imagine you are the Secretary of Eco Club of your college. On the occasion of World Environment Day you are required to give a speech on the need for awareness to preserve nature.

  2. 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide ...

    An internal choice shall be provided between speech writing (expansion) and report writing. For report writing, a bar chart, pie chart or line graph shall be given with a variety of data. ... KSEEB Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Ratio and Proportion Ex 12.1; KSEEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 4 Factors and Multiples;

  3. 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Speech Writing

    Karnataka 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Speech Writing. Speech is another crucial form of oral communication. It is important that the views and ideas of the speaker are authentic. Care should be taken to ensure that the language is intelligible to the audience. Use first person (I) - to communicate ideas as speaker of the topic ...

  4. 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide ...

    Let us look at these Department of Pre University Education (PUE) Karnataka State Board Syllabus 2nd Year PUC English Textbook Answers Pdf 2020-2021 will definitely help for your board exams and revise our understanding of the subject. Students can also read Karnataka 2nd PUC English Model Question Papers with Answers.

  5. 2nd PUC English Workbook Answers Streams Dialogue Writing

    KSEEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 3 Mental Arithmetic; KSEEB SSLC Class 10 Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Arithmetic Progressions Ex 1.3; KSEEB Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 3 Playing with Numbers Ex 3.7; KSEEB Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Ratio and Proportion Ex 12.1; KSEEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 4 Factors and ...

  6. 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide ...

    KSEEB Solutions for Class 10 Expand / Collapse. Karnataka SSLC Model Question Papers; ... Chapter 12 The Voter (Chinua Achebe) Chapter 13 Where there is a Wheel (P Sainath) ... speech writing and report writing shall be set. The letter shall be a job application. An internal choice shall be provided between speech writing (expansion) and report ...

  7. 2nd PUC English Workbook Answers Streams Speech Writing

    Students who are in search of 2nd PUC English Workbook Answers Streams Speech Writing pdf. First check in which chapter you are lagging and then Download Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Chapter Wise. Students can build self confidence by solving the Answers with the help of Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC.

  8. 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Reported Speech

    Karnataka 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Reported Speech. Dialogues can be expressed in three ways. Dhruva : I have won the election. (Script form) Dhruva said, "I have won the election." (Quote form) Look at the following: (2) Rekha said that she had eaten her breakfast. (Indirect/Reported)

  9. Textbook Solutions For Class 12 English

    kseeb Textbook Solutions Class 12 English. Free online English Textbook Questions and Answers. Students can find English 2018-19 syllabus, marking scheme, solved sample papers and previous year papers ... Choose the chapter you want to study from Reading And Writing Skills book. You can browse through textbook and additional Zigya and exam ...

  10. 2nd PUC English Streams Workbook Answers Dialogue Writing

    (Prof. Omkar wants to buy a new computer for his personal use. He consults Mr. Raju, a Computer Engineer). Omkar : Good evening, Mr. Raju. (Greeting)

  11. 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide ...

    Be the first to get your Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board 2nd PUC English Solutions PDF. ... speech writing and report writing shall be set. The letter shall be a job application. An internal choice shall be provided between speech writing (expansion) and report writing. ... KSEEB Solutions for Class 6 English Prose Chapter 7 I ...

  12. 2nd PUC English Workbook Answers Streams Paragraph ...

    II. Expand the following information into a paragraph. A Anti - firecracker campaign - students - last Diwali/ Ganesha festival drastic drop in air and noise pollution - NGOs - interactive sessions - skits and street plays - rallies - creating awareness of » harmful effects of firecrackers - fight against child labour in hazardous conditions - monitoring pollution - Say ...

  13. 2nd PUC English Workbook Answers Streams Reported Speech

    November 26, 2020. Students who are in search of 2nd PUC English Workbook Answers Streams Reported Speech pdf. First check in which chapter you are lagging and then Download Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Chapter Wise. Students can build self confidence by solving the Answers with the help of Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC.

  14. 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter

    The Voter Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary. The Voter Comprehension I. The Voter Questions And Answers 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 1. The roof was a popular young man because of he-. a. had not abandoned his village.2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter. b. wanted to guide his people.

  15. 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide ...

    Students can understand the topics in depth by using the Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC Textbook. This helps the students to get the solutions for all the topics which are not covered in class. Students can also read 2nd PUC English Model Question Papers with Answers hope will definitely help for your board exams.

  16. 2nd PUC Hindi Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary ...

    If you have any queries regarding Karnataka State Board Syllabus 2nd Year PUC Class 12 Hindi Textbook Answers Pdf Download, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest. Expert Teachers at KSEEBSolutions.com has created Karnataka 2nd PUC Hindi Textbook Answers, Notes, Guide, Summary, Solutions Pdf Free Download of Sahitya G.

  17. The Tasks Of The Working Women's Movement In The Soviet Republic Speech

    Delivered: 23 September, 1919 First Published: Pravda No. 213, September 25, 1919; Published according to the text of the pamphlet, V. I. Lenin, Speech at the Working Women's Congress, Moscow, 1919, verified with the Pravda text Source: Lenin's Collected Works, 4th English Edition, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1965, Volume 30, pages 40-46 Translated: George Hanna

  18. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols ...

    The NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers are prepared by Chemistry subject experts. These NCERT solutions help students in their preparation for the CBSE Board exam and in competitive exams like JEE Mains, NEET etc. Apply to Aakash iACST Scholarship Test 2024.

  19. Neva Towers Multifunctional Estate / HOK + FXFOWLE + SPEECH

    Located on a triangular site in the northwest of Moscow City, the two rectangular towers rise from a 4-story podium, arranged to create an open plaza and green space surrounding the buildings that ...

  20. Specifying Learners' Professional Needs in Academic Writing

    10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-12-102-109 ... This paper aims at considering the main constituents of academic writing in a foreign language, such as the current state policy in higher education, the ...